CHHATTISGARH SWAMI VIVEKANAND TECHNICAL

UNIVERSITY, BHILAI (C.G.)

ASSIGNMENT ON
RESEARCH ANALYSIS

GUIDED BY-
DR. (MRS.) JUDITH NAGAR
ASSISTANT PROFESSOR
DEPARTMENT OF MBA
BHILAI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
DURG, CHHATTISGARH

SUBMITTED BY-
K DAMODAR RAO
ROll NO.-500107618022
SEMESTER II/SECTION A

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 DEPARTMENT OF MBA
BHILAI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
DURG, CHHATTISGARH

INDEX
S.NO. PARTICULAR PAGE
NO.
1 IMPORTANCE OF STATISTICAL TOOLS IN
RESEARCH
2 CREATE A NEW FILE IN SPSS
3 OPENING A NEW FILE
4 SAVING A FILE
5 CREATING A VARIABLE
6 DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS
7 t-test analysis
8 paired t-test analysis
9 CHI SQUARE TEST
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 IMPORTANCE OF STATISTICAL TOOLS IN RESEARCH

T-TEST

1. Testing significance between hypothetical mean of sample and population mean.

2. Testing significance between mean of 2 different samples.
3. Testing significance between mean of sample post and prior to a stimuli or operation.
4. Testing significance between hypothetical rank correlation coefficient and population rank
correlation coefficient
5. Testing line of regression analysis
6. Testing significance of partial and multiple correlation coefficient .
Z-TEST

1. A Z-test is a statistical test to determine whether two population means are different when the
variances are known and the sample size is large.
2. It can used to test hypotheses in which the z-test follows a normal distribution.
PAIRED T TEST

1. The Paired Samples t Test compares two means that are from the same individual, object, or
related units. The two means typically represent two different times (e.g., pre-test and post-
test with an intervention between the two time points) or two different but related conditions
or units (e.g., left and right ears, twins).

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 2. The purpose of the test is to determine whether there is statistical evidence that the mean
difference between paired observations on a particular outcome is significantly different from
zero.
CHI SQUARE

1. This test (as a non parametric test )is based on frequencies and not on the parameters like
mean and standard deviation.
2. The test is used for testing the hypothesis and is not use for future estimation.
3. The test can also be applied to a complex contingency table with several classes and as such is
a very useful test in research work.
4. This test is an important nn-parametric test as no rigid assumptions are necessary in regard to
the type of population ,no need of population ,no need of parameter values and relatively less
mathematically details are involved.

ANNOVA
1. Analysis of variance, or ANOVA, is a statistical method that separates observed variance data
into different components to use for additional tests.
2. A one-way ANOVA is used for three or more groups of data, to gain information about the
relationship between the dependent and independent variables.
3. If no true variance exists between the groups, the ANOVA's F-ratio should equal close to 1
STANDARD DEVIATION

1. Standard deviation is a measure of variation in data. It allows comparison between two or

more sets of data to determine if their averages are truly different. For example, if the average
salaries in two companies are $90,000 and $70,000 with a standard deviation of $20,000, the
difference in average salaries between the two companies is not statistically significant.
2. Standard deviation measures the dispersion of a given data set. It indicates how close to the
average the data is clustered. It can be used to measure the confidence in statistical data.
REGRESSION

The study of Regression and Correlation is an important one, it determines the nature of relationships
between the variables and quantifies the degree of such relationships. In order to do that, various
methods are formulated to arrive at exact mathematical expressions describing those relationships by
various estimates of the model's parameters. Statistical Tests are also established to make probability
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statements on how good those estimates are.

CREATE A NEW FILE IN SPSS:

STEP1: Open SPSS version 24/25.

STEP2:click on “FILE”.

STEP 3: Then click on “NEW”.

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STEP 4:Then a new untittled document is open.

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 OPENING A FILE:

STEP1: Open SPSS ,click on “FILE”.

STEP 2: Click open and then go to apen list and select “Data”.after clicking data a dailog box
open.

Step 3:Search for an Excel file (.xls,.xlsx,.xlsm) in your directory which you have to work
on.

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STEP 4:select the file , click the “open” button and new dailog box open in which you have
to select your worksheet of excel file ,click “ok”.

STEP 5:After clcking ok button your file is open in your SPSS.

SAVING A FILE

STEP1: For saving a new or open file go to “FILE” and click “save as” or “ctrl+S “.

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STEP2:After clicking a new daiolg box opens ,write your file name and location ,and CLICK
“SAVE”.

STEP3:AFTER saving your file SPSS shows an output box .

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 CREATING A NEW VARIABLE

STEP1:Open a file and at the bottom there are two options name

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STEP 2:click on variable view and you are in new page containing all variables data.

STEP 3: On the first column of name write your variable name i.e. “NEWONE”.

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STEP4:And after entering it will create a new variable, as shown below.

Descriptive statistics
A specimen of copper wire drawn from a large lot has the following breaking strength. Frame
a descriptive statistics for the same.

Data

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Procedure
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Select the variable.

Here, the variable is STRENGTH. Select it & click ‘OK’.

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Test results

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 t- test analysis
MRF tyres has launched a new brand of tyre for tractors & claims that under normal
conditions average life of tyres is 40,000 km. Test the claim with a random sample of 8 tyres,
at 95% confidence level.

Data

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Test procedure

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Select the variable & put the test value as 40000.

Here, the variable is “Life”. Click on it, set the confidence level at 95%, click ‘CONTINUE’
& then OK.

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Test results

Since, the significant value (0.795) > 0.05, hence null hypothesis is accepted.
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 Paired t-test analysis
A mobile manufacturing company arranged a special training for one segment of his
employees. The company wants to measure the change in attitude of its employees after
training. At 90% confidence level, determine the change is significant after the training.

Data

Test procedure

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Select the variables.

The paired variables are ‘BEFORE’ & ‘AFTER’, select 90% confidence level, click on
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“continue” & then “OK”.

Test results

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Since, the significant value (0.003) < 0.10. So, null hypothesis is rejected.

CHI SQUARE TEST

A company is concerned about the increase violent discussion between its employee.
Check whether these violent discussions are increasing at a constant rate.
Data

Test procedure

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Select the variable ‘incident’.

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Now click on ‘ok’.

Test results

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Since the value of significant level > 0.05. Therefore null hypothesis is accepted.

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