Final Cooler Upper

Circulating Water Supply

Temperature : 28 °C = 301 K

Final Cooler
Coke Oven Gas

H2S : 0,5000 g/Nm3

NH3 : 0,0400 g/Nm3

HCN : 0,5000 g/Nm3

benzene : 21,0000 g/Nm3

toluene : 10,5000 g/Nm3

xylene : 3,5000 g/Nm3

Naphtalene : 0,4000 g/Nm3 Coke Oven Gas

mole frac
Volumetrik Flow : 100000 m3/h H2S : 0,0041
Pressure : 1,118 atm NH3 : 0,0007
Temperature : 55°C = 328 K HCN : 0,0052

benzene : 0,0753

toluene : 0,0319

xylene : 0,0092

Naphtalene : 0,8737

Circulating Water Return

Volumetrik Flow : 40654,545 m3/h
Temperature : 30 °C = 303 K
Pressure ; 1,118 atm

Temperature : 37 °C = 310 K
Data Design
Hot Fluid Cold Fluid
Name of Subs. Unit
H2S NH3 HCN Benzene Toluena Xylene Naphtalene Water

comp g/Nm3 0,50 0,04 0,50 21,00 10,50 3,50 0,40

Total Volumetrik Flow m3/h 100000,00 8,61

mass rate g/h 50000,00 4000,00 50000,00 2100000,00 1050000,00 350000,00 40000,00

kg/h 50,00 4,00 50,00 2100,00 1050,00 350,00 40,00

Total Mass Rate kg/h 3644,00 8050,01

Molecular Weight kg/kmole 34,08 17,03 27,03 78,12 92,15 106,17 128,17 18,00

comp. mole flow kmole/h 1,47 0,23 1,85 26,88 11,39 3,30 0,31

Molar Flow kmole/h 45,437 447,22

Mol fraction 0,032 0,005 0,041 0,592 0,251 0,073 0,007 1,00

P atm 1,12

Temperature Inlet Kelvin 328,00 301,00

Temperature Outlet Kelvin 310,00 303,00

R m3 atm/K mole 8,21E-05

comp. volume m3/h 0,04 0,01 0,04 0,65 0,27 0,08 0,01

comp. density kg/m3 1415,63 707,40 1122,78 3244,99 3827,77 4410,14 5324,15

Density based on frac kg/m3 45,71 3,66 45,71 1919,83 959,92 319,97 36,57
 Total Density kg/m3 3331,37 934,45

Comp. Spesific Heat kJ/kg.K 3224,37 5995,74 268161,76 -926,79 -744,11 -684,51 658,71

Cp based mole frac kJ/kg.K 104,11 30,99 10917,28 -548,32 -186,61 -49,66 4,52

Mixture Spesific Heat kJ/kg.K 10272,32 41856,58

Viscosity cp 0,01394 0,01122 0,00297 0,00832 0,00768 0,00707 0,00657

Viscosoty based mole frac cp 0,00045 0,00006 0,00012 0,00492 0,00193 0,00051 0,00005

Mixture Viscosity cp 0,00803 0,86

Thermal Conductivity (k) btu/ft hr F -0,0460 0,0165 0,0206 0,0076 0,0082 -0,0029 0,0066

k based on frac btu/ft hr F -0,0015 0,0001 0,0008 0,0045 0,0021 -0,0002 0,0000

Mixture Thermal
btu/ft hr F 0,0058 0,3526
Conductivity
Exchanger Design

Kern,144

Shell Side Kern, 128

ID : 24,000 Inch : 0,600 m Tube Triangular
Baffle Space : 4,800 Inch : 0,120 m Length : 13,000 ft: 3,965 m
Passes : 1,000

Table 10, p.
843

BWG : 17,000

Thickness : 0,058 inch : 0,001 m

Di : 1,380 inch : 0,035 m

Do : 1,500 inch : 0,038 m

Pitch : 1,875 inch : 0,047 m

surface/lin : 0,359 Ft2/f t

Passes : 8,000

No. of tube : 275,000

1. Head Balance

Qh Energy Hot Fluid : 673782041,193 kJ/h : 638745375,051 Btu/h

Qc Energy Cold Fluid : 673892041,000 kJ/h

2. LMTD

th  tc
LMTD 
 th 
Ln 
 tc 

Hot Fluid Cold Liquid diff

C F C F F
 55,000 131,000 Higher Temp 30,000 86,000 45,000

37,000 98,600 Lower Temp 28,000 82,400 16,200

32,400 Diff 3,600

S = 0,074 S 
t 2  t1
T 1  t1
R = 9,000
R 
T 1  T 2 
ft based on Kern figure 18 0,908 t 2  t1
t  LMTD * Ft
Δt = 27,932 F

3. Caloric Temperature Tc & tc

Tc = Tav = 108,500 °C : 92,278 F

tc = tav = 90,500 °C : 82,278 F

Coke Oven Gas included as light organic fluid

Table 10 Kern 840

UD : 75 - 150

Trial UD : 150,000

Luas Perpindahan Panas

A : 152455,176 Ft2 : 14025,876 m2

Trial Nt for Tube

Length (L) : 13,000 ft : 3,965 m Tc  T 2  Fc * (T 1  T 2 )

tc  t 1  Fc * ( t 2  t 1 )

Kc 
 Uh  Uc 
Uc
Fc 
 tc  t 1 
t 2  t1 
Q
A
Ud *  t
OD : 1,500 inch : 0,123 ft : 0,038 m

Pi :3,140

Nt : 30376,501

Shell Side : Hot Fluid

4. Bundle Crossflow Area

ID Shell : 24,000 inch

Tube Side: Cold Fluid
B : 12,000 inch
4. Bundle Crossflow Area
C' : 0,375 inch
Flow area/tube (a't) : 1,500 in2
Pt : 1,875 inch
: 0,010 ft2
as : 0,400 ft2
Passes : 8,000
C' B
as  ID * Nt : 275,000
144 * Pt
W
Gs  at : 0,358 ft2
as
Nt * a' t
at 
No. passes
5. Mass Velocity
5. Mass Velocity
w (mass rate) : 3331,366 kg/h
W (mass rate) : 3644,000 kg/h
: 7344,397 lb/h
: 8033,635 lb/h
Gt : 20510,896 lb/ ft2 hr
2
Gs : 20084,088 lb/ ft hr

6. Reynold Number
6. Reynold Number
μ (at tin) : 0,858 cp
μ (at Tin) : 0,008 cp
: 2,076 lb/ft hr
: 0,019 lb/ft hr
D (from table 10) : 1,380 inch
de (diameter equivalent) : 1,080 inch
: 0,115 ft
fig 28 : 0,090 ft
Re : 1131,714
Re : 92959,811

 2
  *Do
2

4 *  Pt 
 D * Gt

4
 Re 
de 
 * Do

 de* Gs
Re 

k  Cp* 
1
3
hi
 jH * *  
t D
 k 
7. Obatain jH value
7. Obatain jH value Based on fiure 28
Based on fiure 28 jH : 26,500
jH : 185,000

8. Heat transfer coefficient (ho)

Visc (μ) : 0,008 cp

: 0,019 lb/ft hr 8. Heat transfer coefficient (hi)

Cp : 10272,320 kJ/kg K Visc (μ) : 0,858 cp
: 2455,085 Btu/lb F : 2,076 lb/ft hr
k : 0,006 btu/ft hr F Cp : 41856,577 kJ/kg K
ho/φs : 234,665 btu/hr ft2 F : 10003,722 Btu/lb F

k  Cp*
1


3
ho k : 0,353 btu/ft hr F
 jH * *  
s D k   hi/φt : 3059,823 btu/hr ft2 F

9. Heat transfer coefficient inside tube

9. Tube wall temperature compared to outlet tube (hio)
tw : 83,047 °F

: 28,360 °C hio/φt : 2815,037

 ho
s
tw  tc  * (Tc  tc) hio hi ID
hio  ho  *
i s t t OD

10. Tube wall temperature (tw)

10, Obtain μw and φs
tw : 83,047 °F
μw (at tw) : 0,540 cp

: 1,306 lb/ft hr

μ : 0,008 cp

: 0,019 lb/ft hr

φs : 0,628

  
0.14
ho
s
s    tw  tc  * (Tc  tc)
  ho
hio
 w  i s
11. Corrected coeficents (ho) 11, Obtain μw and φs

ho :147,362 btu/hr ft2 F μw (at tw) : 0,851 lb/ft hr

μ : 0,858 cp
ho
ho  *s : 2,076 lb/ft hr
s
φt : 2,439

  
0.14

s   
 w 
12. Clean overall coeficent (Uc)

Uc : 144,265 btu/hr ft2 F

A  a"* L * Nt Ud 
Q
A * t

13. Design Overall Coefficient Surface (Ud)

a" Uc :Ud
0,359 ft2/ft
Rd 
Uc *Ud
L : 13,000 ft

Nt : 275,000

A : 1282,353 ft2

Ud : 13912804,507 btu/hr ft2 F

14. Dirt Factor (Rd)

Rd: : -0,007 hr ft2 F/btu

15. Pressure Drop

I. Obtain f figure 26
I. Obtain f figure 29
Re : 1131,714
Re : 92959,811
so, f : 0,00044 ft2/in2
so, f: : 0,00140 ft2/in2

hio * ho
Uc II. Tube pressure drop (ΔPt)
hio  ho
Gt : 20510,896 lb/ ft2 hr
 L tube : 13,000 ft
II. No of crosses n (passes) : 8,000
L tube : 13,000 ft d : 1,380 inch
B : 12,000 inch D : 0,115 ft
N+1 : 13,000 s (spec.graf) : 1,000

φt : 2,439

ΔPt : 0,001 psi

III. ΔPs

Gs : 20084,088
12 *L lb/ ft2 hr
N 1 
B
Ds : 24,000 inch

: 1,992 ft
2
De : 0,090 f * Gt * L * n
Pt 
5.22 *10 * D * s *t
10

s : 0,440
III. Return pressure drop (ΔPr)
φs : 0,628
Gt : 20510,896 lb/ ft2 hr
ΔPs : 0,011 psi
so, V2/2g : 0,001
f * Gs * Ds * ( N  1)
2

Ps  n : 8,000
5.22 *10 * De * s * s
10

s : 1,000

ΔPr : 0,017 psi2

4*n V 62.5
 Pr  * *
s 2 * g ' 144
IV. Tube pressure drop (ΔPt)

ΔPT : 0,018 psi

PT  Pt   Pr
Final Cooler Lower

Refrigerating Water Supply

Temperature : 16 °C = 289 K

Final Cooler

Coke Oven Gas

mole frac

H2S 0,0041

NH3 0,0007
 HCN 0,0052
Coke Oven Gas benzene 0,0753
mole frac toluene 0,0319
H2S 0,0041 xylene 0,0092
NH3 0,0007 Naphtalene 0,8737
HCN 0,0052

benzene 0,0753 Volumetrik Flow : 40654,545 m3/h

toluene 0,0319 Pressure : 1.118 atm
xylene 0,0092 Temperature : 27 °C = 300 K
Naphtalene 0,8737

Volumetrik Flow : 100000 m3/h

Refrigeratng Water Return
Pressure : 1,118 atm
Temperature : 18 °C = 291 K
Temperature : 37 °C = 310 K
 Hot Fluid Cold Fluid
Name of Subs. Unit
H2S NH3 HCN Benzene Toluena Xylene Naphtalene Water

comp g/Nm3 0,5 0,04 0,5 21 10,5 3,5 0,4

Total Volumetrik Flow m3/h 100000

mass rate g/h 50000 4000 50000 2100000 1050000 350000 40000

kg/h 50 4 50 2100 1050 350 40

Total Mass Rate kg/h 3644 3573,42

Molecular Weight kg/kmole 34,08 17,03 27,03 78,12 92,15 106,17 128,174 18

comp. mole flow kmole/h 1,47 0,23 1,85 26,88 11,39 3,30 0,31

Molar Flow kmole/h 45,44 198,52

Mol fraction 0,03 0,01 0,04 0,59 0,25 0,07 0,01 1

P atm 1,12

Temperature Inlet Kelvin 310 289

Temperature Outlet Kelvin 300 291

R m3 atm/K mole 8,20573E-05

comp. volume m3/h 0,03 0,01 0,04 0,61 0,26 0,08 0,01

comp. density kg/m3 1497,83 748,48 1187,98 3433,40 4050,03 4666,21 5633,30

Density based on frac kg/m3 48,36 3,87 48,36 2031,31 1015,65 338,55 38,69
 Total Density kg/m3 3524,80 934,45

Comp. Spesific Heat kJ/kg.K 2572,74 4784,16 213973,82 -735,87 -590,35 -542,42 528,91

Cp based mole frac kJ/kg.K 83,07 24,73 8711,20 -435,36 -148,04 -39,35 3,63

Mixture Spesific Heat kJ/kg.K 8199,88 41809,21

Viscosity cp 0,013 0,011 0,003 0,008 0,007 0,007 0,006

Viscosoty based mole frac cp 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,005 0,002 0,000 0,000

Mixture Viscosity cp 0,008 1,126

Thermal Conductivity (k) btu/ft hr °F -0,022 0,015 0,021 0,007 0,007 -0,002 0,006

k based on frac btu/ft hr °F -0,001 0,000 0,001 0,004 0,002 0,000 0,000

Mixture Thermal
btu/ft hr °F 0,006 0,343
Conductivity
Exchanger Design

Kern,144

Shell Side

ID : 24 inch: 0,600 m Kern, 128

Baffle Space : 12 inch: 0,300 m Tube : Triangular
Passes :1 Length : 13,00 ft: 3,97 m

Table 10, p. 843

BWG : 17,00

Thickness : 0,06 inch: 0,0015 m

Di : 1,38 inch: 0,0345 m

Do : 1,50 inch: 0,0375 m

Pitch : 1,88 inch: 0,0469 m

surface/lin (a") : 0,39 ft2

Passes :8,00

No. of tube : 275,00

1. Heat Balance

Qh : Energy Hot Fluid : 298803470 kJ/h : 283265690 Btu/h

Qc : Energy Cold Fluid : 298803470 kJ/h

1. LMTD

th  tc
LMTD 
 th 
Ln 
 tc 

Hot Fluid Cold Fluid diff

 C F C F F

37 99 Higher Temp 18 64 34

27 81 Lower Temp 16 61 20

18 Diff 4

S : 0,095

R : 5,000

ft based on Kern figure 18 : 0,940

Δt : 14,817 °F

S 
t 2  t1
T 1  t1
R 
T 1  T 2 
t 2  t1
t  LMTD * Ft

3. Caloric Temperature Tc & tc

Tc = Tav : 81,5 °F

Tc = tav : 70,7 °F

Coke Oven Gas included as light organic fluid

Table 8 Kern p.840

UD : 75 - 150

Trial UD : 150

Luas Perpindahan Panas

A : 127447,2987 ft2 : 11725,15 m2

Trial Nt for Tube

Length (L) : 13 ft : 3,965 m

OD : 1,875 inch : 0,08 ft : 0,025315 m

Pi : 3,14

Nt : 37616,60027

Tc  T 2  Fc * (T 1  T 2)
tc  t1  Fc * (t 2  t1)

Kc 
Uh  Uc 
Uc
Fc 
tc  t1
t 2  t1
QA
A

Nt Ud * t
p × L × OD

Tube Side: Cold Fluid

4. Bundle Crossflow Area

 Flow area/tube (a't) : 1,500 in2
Shell Side: Hot Fluid : 0,010 ft2
4. Bundle Crossflow Area Passes : 8,000
ID Shell : 24,00 inch Nt : 275,0
B : 12,00 inch at : 0,358 ft2
C' : 0,38 inch

Pt : 1,88 inch

as : 0,40 ft2

Nt * a' t
at 
No. passes

5. Mass Velocity

W (mass rate) : 3644,00 kg/h

5. Mass Velocity
: 8033,64 lb/h
w (mass rate) : 3573,42 kg/h
2
Gs : 20084,09 lb/ ft hr
: 7878,03 lb/h

Gt : 22001,18 lb/ ft2 hr

6. Reynold Number
6. Reynold Number
μ (at Tin) : 0,0076 cp
μ (at tin) : 1,126 cp
: 0,0184 lb/ft hr
: 2,726 lb/ft hr
De (diameter equivalent) : 1,080 inch
C' B D (from table 10) : 1,380 inch
as  ID *
144 * Pt
: 0,115 ft
W
Gs 
as Re : 924,50
fig. 28 : 0,090 ft
 Re : 97999,68

 2
  *Do
2


4* Pt 
4 
de   
 * Do

de* Gs
Re 


D * Gt
Re 

7. Obatain jH value
7. Obatain jH value
Based on fiure 28
Based on fiure 28
jH : 110
jH : 17,5

8. Heat transfer coefficient (hi)

8. Heat transfer coefficient (ho) Visc (μ) : 1,126 cp
Visc (μ) : 0,008 cp : 2,726 lb/ft hr
: 0,018 lb/ft hr Cp : 41809,214 kJ/kg K
Cp : 8199,88 kJ/kg K : 9992,402 Btu/lb F
: 1959,77 Btu/lb F k : 0,343 btu/ft hr F
k : 0,00600 btu/ft hr F hi/φt : 2167,566 btu/hr ft2 F
k  Cp*
1


3
ho
 jH * *  ho/φs : 129,9301 btu/hr ft2 F
s 
D
k 
k  Cp* 
1
3
hi
D  
 jH * *
t
 k 

9. Tube wall temperature 9. Heat transfer coefficient inside tube

compared to outlet tube (hio)
tw : 71,36 °F
hio/φt : 1994,16
 10. Tube wall temperature (tw)

tw : 71,361 °F

10, Obtain μw and φs 11, Obtain μw and φs

μw (at tw) : 0,584 cp μw (at tw) : 0,979 cp
: 1,412 lb/ft hr : 2,369 lb/ft hr
μ : 0,008 cp μ : 1,126 cp
: 0,018 lb/ft hr : 2,726 lb/ft hr
φs : 0,544 φt : 1,020

     
0.14 0.14

s    t   
 w   w 

11. Corrected coeficents (ho) 12. Corrected coeficents (hio)

ho : 70,75 btu/hr ft2 °F hio : 2033,743 btu/hr ft2 °F

ho
s
tw  tc  * (Tc  tc) hio

hi
*
ID
hio  ho t t OD
i s

ho
s
tw  tc  * (Tc  tc)
hio  ho
i s
 ho hio
ho  *s hio  * t
s t

12. Clean overall coeficent (Uc)

Uc : 68,367 btu/hr ft2 F

hio * ho
Uc
hio  ho

13. Design Overall Coefficient Surface (Ud)

a" : 0,39 ft2

L : 13,00 ft

Nt : 275,00

A : 1403,19 ft2

Ud : 13624,05 btu/hr ft2 F

A  a"*QL * Nt
Ud 
A * t

Uc  Ud
Rd 
Uc *Ud
14. Dirt Factor (Rd)

Rd : -0,0146 hr ft2 F/btu

 12 * L 15. Pressure Drop
N 1 
B
I. Obtain f figure 29

Re : 97999,681
I. Obtain f figure 26
so, f : 0,002 ft2/in2
Re : 924,4993

so, f : 0,0034 ft2/in2

II. No of crosses
II. Tube pressure drop (ΔPt)
L tube : 13,000 ft

B : 12,000 inch Gt : 22001,177 lb/ ft2 hr

N+1 : 13,000 L tube : 17,000 ft

n (passes) : 8,000

d : 1,380 inch

D : 0,115 ft
III. ΔPs s (spec.graf) : 1,000
Gs : 20084,088 lb/ ft2 hr φt : 1,020
Ds : 24,000 inch
ΔPt : 0,036 psi
: 1,992 ft
2
f * Gt * L * n
De : 0,090 ft Pt 
5.22 *10 * D * s * t
10

s : 0,440

φs : 0,544
III. Return pressure drop (ΔPr)
ΔPs : 0,017 psi
Gt : 22001,177 lb/ ft2
 hr

so, V2/2g : 0,001 figure 27

n : 8,000

s : 1,000

ΔPr : 0,017 psi

* V
4*n 62.5
 Pr  *
s 2 * g ' 144

IV. Tube pressure drop (ΔPt)

ΔPT : 0,053 psi

f * Gs * Ds * ( N  1)
2

Ps 
5.22 *1010 * De * s * s

PT  Pt   Pr
Absorber
Coke Oven Gas

conc.

H2S 0,5

NH3 0,04

HCN 0,5

benzene

toluene 10,5
Absorber xylene 3,5

Naphtalene 0,4

Volumetrik Flow 100000

Pressure 1,118

Temperature 30°C

Rich Solvent Lean Solvent

 Coke Oven Gas

conc.

H2S 0,5 g/Nm3 Volumetrik Flow 100000 m3/h Pressure Drop

NH3 0,04 g/Nm3 Temperature 27 °C = 300 K Psi atm

HCN 0,5 g/Nm3 Pressure 1,118 atm Upper Final Cooler 0,011 0,001

benzene 21 g/Nm3 P after Pressure Drop 1,116 atm Lower Final Cooler 0,017 0,001

toluene 10,5 g/Nm3 Total Pressure Drop 0,002

xylene 3,5 g/Nm3

Naphtalene 0,4 g/Nm3

Mass Balance

Total
Total Mass Comp. Mole Total Molar Molar Pressure
conc. Volumetrik Mass Rate Mr
Rate Flow Flow Fraction System
Flow

g/Nm3 m3/h g/h kg/h kg/h kg/kmole kmole/h kmole/h atm

H2S 0,500 50000 50 34,080 1,467 0,032

NH3 0,040 4000 4,0 17,030 0,235 0,005

HCN 0,500 50000 50 27,030 1,850 0,041

Gas benzene 21,000 100000,000 2100000 2100 3644 78,120 26,882 45,437 0,592 1,116

toluene 10,500 1050000 1050 92,150 11,394 0,251

xylene 3,500 350000 350 106,170 3,297 0,073

Naphtalene 0,400 40000 40 128,174 0,312 0,007

Partial Total Mass Molar Comp. at Total Mass Molar Partial Total
Comp. Comp.
Pressue at Rate Fraction Outlet Rate at Fraction at Presure at Pressure at
Recovery Recoverd
Feed Recovered Recovered Gas Outlet Outlet Outlet Outlet

atm % kmole/h kmole/h kmole/h kmole/h atm atm

Gas H2S 0,036 0% 0,00 41,047 0,00 1,467 4,390 0,334 0,373 1,116
 NH3 0,006 0,00 0,00 0,235 0,054 0,060

HCN 0,045 0,00 0,00 1,850 0,421 0,470

benzene 0,660 26,344 0,642 0,538 0,122 0,137

toluene 0,280 11,167 0,272 0,228 0,052 0,058

98%
xylene 0,081 3,231 0,079 0,066 0,015 0,017

Naphtalene 0,008 0,306 0,007 0,006 0,001 0,002

Total Volumetrik Comp. Mass Comp. Mole Total Molar Molar

conc. Mr
Flow Rate Flow Flow Fraction

% kg/h kg/h kg/kmole kmole/h kmole/h

Oleic Acid 0,455 1365,0 282,50 4,832 0,436

Palmitic Acid 0,395 1185,0 256,40 4,622 0,417

Solvent 3000,0 11,072
Linoleic Acid 0,113 339,0 280,50 1,209 0,109

Myristic Acid 0,037 111,0 270,50 0,410 0,037

 Inlet Gas Solvent Out Treated Gas

kmole/h kmole/h kmole/h

H2S 1,467 0,000 1,467

NH3 0,235 0,000 0,235

HCN 1,850 0,000 1,850

Gas benzene 26,882 26,344 0,538

toluene 11,394 11,167 0,228

xylene 3,297 3,231 0,066

Naphtalene 0,312 0,306 0,006

Oleic Acid 0,000 4,832 0,000

Palmitic Acid 0,000 4,622 0,000

Solvent
Linoleic Acid 0,000 1,209 0,000

Myristic Acid 0,000 0,410 0,000

52,120
1. Kurva Kesetimbangan

Mole Fractions Mole Ratios

x y=(H/Ptot)*x X=x/(1-x) Y=y/(1-y)

0,104 0,024 0,115 0,025

0,204 0,047 0,255 0,050

0,304 0,071 0,437 0,076

0,403 0,094 0,676 0,103

0,508 0,118 1,030 0,134

0,600 0,140 1,500 0,162

0,705 0,164 2,391 0,196

0,800 0,186 4,008 0,229

0,902 0,210 9,163 0,265

comp
Mass Rate Mole Frac Pressure H Volume Molar Flow R T
(g/Nm3)

kg/h bar atm atm/frac mole m3/h kmole/h m bar/ K kmole Kelvin °Celcius

0 0,0 0,00 0,085 0,084 #DIV/0! 48,290 0,000 #DIV/0! 25,050 #DIV/0!
8,31E-05
14 1400,0 0,10 0,085 0,084 0,813 49,070 17,921 2799,208 24,970 2526,208
31 3100,0 0,20 0,085 0,084 0,414 50,010 39,683 1288,375 24,870 1015,375

53 5300,0 0,30 0,085 0,084 0,277 51,210 67,844 771,660 24,740 498,660

82 8200,0 0,40 0,085 0,084 0,209 52,770 104,967 513,949 24,570 240,949

125 12500,0 0,51 0,085 0,084 0,166 55,000 160,010 351,398 24,310 78,398

182 18200,0 0,60 0,085 0,084 0,140 57,880 232,975 253,983 23,970 -19,017

290 29000,0 0,71 0,085 0,084 0,119 62,670 371,224 172,587 23,360 -100,413

486 48600,0 0,80 0,085 0,084 0,105 69,900 622,120 114,865 22,330 -158,135

1112 111200,0 0,90 0,085 0,084 0,093 82,160 1423,451 59,007 20,180 -213,993

0,260

1,000 bar = 0,990 atm

Liq inlet x0 0,000 Gas in y(n+1) 0,592

Liq outlet xn 0,642 Gas out y1 0,122

Equilibrium and Operating Line

0,001

0,001

0,001

0,000
y

Equilibrium Line
0,000
Operating Line
0,000

0,000

0,000
0,000 0,000 0,000 0,001 0,001 0,001 0,001
x

Henry Constant vs Temperature

3000.000
Henry Constant (atm/fracmole)

2500.000 y = 3792.9x - 554.61

2000.000

1500.000

1000.000

500.000

0.000
0.000 0.100 0.200 0.300 0.400 0.500 0.600 0.700 0.800 0.900
-500.000
Temperature (Celcius)
Slope of Equilibrium
p  C*H
p  PartialPressure (atm)
mole fractions vap 0,592
C  GasConcentration(mol )
mole fractions liquid 0,505 L
H mHenry'sCon stant1,170
(atm * L )
mol
Because the equilibrium line is slightly straight, we can use to roughly determine the NOG
hrought use fig
11.40

y1/y2 4,830

0,400 0,800 0,900 1,000 1,100 1,200

Nog 2,000 2,500 3,000 4,000 5,000 7,000

The optimum value is between m*Gm/Lm = 0,9 to 1,1

Check liquid outlet composition

Material Balance

at m*Gm/Lm x1

0,900 0,446

1,000 0,495

1,100 0,545

Use m*Gm/Lm at 1,1 to achieve best operation at stripper without adding stage number in
absorber

Lm * x1  Gm*  y1  y2

So, NOG is 5,000

2. Column Capacity

a. Flooding Factor Velocity

L G ρg ρl Flv

3000,000 3644,000 0,530 876,792 0,0202

Density of COG

Spesific Gravity Density of air ρg

kg/m3 kg/m3

0,440 1,205 0,530

Density of Absorbant

Density Mole Frac Density Liquid

kg/m3 kg/m3

Oleic Acid 895,00 0,436 390,565

Palmitic Acid 853,00 0,417 356,046

Linoleic Acid 900,00 0,109 98,235

Myristic Acid 862,00 0,037 31,946

876,792

b. Value of Vw

Viscosity at BP Viscosity

cP cP
 Oleic Acid 7,01E-03 8,37E-04

Palmitic Acid 6,94E-03 8,33E-04

Linoleic Acid 6,54E-03 8,09E-04

Myristic Acid 6,99E-03 8,36E-04

0,003

Assumed used Pall Rings Metal

Column Diameter >0,9 m

Pakcing Diameter 76,000 mm

Packing Factor (Fp) 52,000 1/m

Surface Area 66,000 m2/m3

Bulk Density 273,000 kg/m3

Assume pressure drop is : 20 mmH2O/m packing

normally pressure drop is 80 mmH2O/m packing with percentage of lodng is 80%

So, value of K4 based on figure 11.14 is : 1,100

at flooding line, K4 is : 6,000

Percentage Flooding : 42,82%

Fp μL ρL ρυ Vw
K4
1/m cP kg/m3 kg/m3 kg/m2 s

52,000 0,003 876,792 0,530 1,100 1,617

 0.5
 
 
 K 4 * v * L   
V *W =
  L 
0.1 

 13.1* Fp *   
  L  

C. Column Area Required

G
Column Area Required =
V *w

Column ratio
G Vw Column Area Req Column Dia Column Area
to packing

kg/h kg/s kg/m2 s m2 m m2

3644,0 1,012 1,617 0,626 0,893 0,701 11,750

4
Column Diameter = * ColumnArea Re q
p
p
Column Area = * Diameter
4
Columndiameter
Packing size to column diameter ratio =
Sizepacking

columnareareq
% Flooding =
columnarea

col.area req col.area %Flooding at K4 %Flooding at selected diameter

m2 m2 % %

0,626 0,701 42,82% 38,24%

Distilasi

Top Product

benzene

toluene

xylene

Naphtalene

ME
BTX Distillation
Volumetrik Flow : 100000 m3/h

Pressure : 1,12 atm

Temperature : 30,00 °C = 303,0 K

 Rich ME

mole frac.

benzene Pressure : 1,00 atm : 101,33 kPa

toluene Temperatre : 160,00 C : 433,00 K

xylene

Naphtalene

ME

Benzene Palmitic Acid Linoleic Myristic

Name of Subs. Unit Toluena Xylene Naphtalene Oleic Acid
(LK) (HK) Acid Acid

mass rate kg/h 2100,00 1050,00 350,00 40,00 1365,00 1185,00 339,00 111,00

Mass Rate Total kg/h 6540,00

Mr kg/kmole 78,12 92,15 106,17 128,74 282,50 256,40 280,50 270,50

 comp. molar flow kmole/h 26,88 11,39 3,30 0,31 4,83 4,62 1,21 0,41

total molar flow kmole/h 52,96

feed mole frac 0,51 0,22 0,06 0,01 0,09 0,09 0,02 0,01

Pressure kPa 101,33

Temperature K 433,00

Comp. Heat of
cal/g 30,10 17,17 26,05 36,00 39,60
Vaporization

Avg. Heat Vaporization cal/g 15,28 3,69 1,62 0,21 3,46

Total Heat Vaporization cal/g 24,26

Spesific Heat

Cp  C1  (C 2 xT )  (C3x T )  (C 4 x T )  (C5x T )
2 3 4

Benzene Toluena Xylene Naphtalene

C1 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,00

C2 0,23 0,29 0,34 0,35

C3 0,15 0,14 0,16 0,14

C4 0,17 0,19 0,24 0,26

 C5 -0,01 -0,01 -0,01 0,01

(J/kmol K) -224382029,40 -213204350,31 -227043609,64 249645381,16

Cp
kJ/kg K -2872,27 -2313,67 -2138,49 1939,14

Heat of Fusion

Oleic Acid Linoleic Myristic

Benzene Toluena Xylene Naphtalene Palmitic Acid
(HK) Acid Acid

cal/g 30,10 17,17 26,05 36,00 39,60 54,81 45,75

Heat of vaporization

T
Tr =
Tc

Benzene Toluena Xylene Naphtalene

C1 4,75 5,01 5,46 7,05

C2 0,45 0,39 0,37 0,46

 C3 0,05 0,00 0,00 0,00

C4 -0,12 0,00 0,00 0,00

T 433,00

Tc 561,90 591,60 616,90 748,20

Tr 0,77 0,73 0,70 0,58

ΔHc 2,30 3,02 3,48 4,73

flowcomp. feed  Xcomp. feed * F

flowcomp.destillate  Xcomp.dis * F
flowcomp.bottom   Xcomp. feed * F    Xcomp.dis * F 

1. THERMAL FEED CONDITION (q)

F : 52,96 kmole/h

vapor frac :0 based on HYSYS

so, vapor flow :0 mol/h

liquid flow : 52,96 mol/h

q :1

Toluena Oleic Acid

Unit Benzene Xylene Naphtalene Palmitic Acid Linoleic Acid Myristic Acid
(LK) (HK)

A 169,65 76,45 77,84 85,86 175,00 62,02 148,22 224,30

B -10314,80 -6995,00 -7594,10 -9555,60 -20000,00 -11660,10 -18760,70 -19885,00

C 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,00

D -23,59 -9,16 -9,26 -10,12 -21,95 -6,12 -17,81 -29,85

E 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,00

F 2,00 2,00 2,00 2,00 2,00 2,00 2,00 2,00

y 0,51 0,22 0,06 0,01 0,09 0,09 0,02 0,01

T Kelvin 433,00

P˚ kPa 3543483,97 682777,88 139478,61 1176,09 0,00 0,02 0,00 0,40

2. Mass Balance

Benzene Mass Balance Palmitic Acid Mass Balance

 Feed Distillate Bottom Feed Distillate Bottom

Comp. Recovery % 0,51 0,90 0,09 0,90

Molar Rate kmole/h 26,88 24,19 2,69 4,83 0,48 4,35

Mass Rate kg/h 2100,00 1890,00 210,00 1238,89 123,89 1115,00

Flow comp. feed = Xcomp feed * F

Flow comp. destilate = Xcomp dis * F
Flow comp. Bottom = (Xcomp feed * F) - (Xcomp dis * F)
Diasumsikan semua benzene toluene menjadi top product, sedang semua napthalene dan ME menjadi bottom product

Oleic Palmitic Linoleic Myristic

Komponen Benzene Toluene Xylene Naphtalene
Acid Acid Acid Acid

kg/h 1890,00 1050,00 350,00 40,00 0,00 123,89 0,00 0,00 3453,89

Dsitillate kmole/h 24,19 11,39 3,30 0,31 0,00 0,48 0,00 0,00 39,68

y 0,61 0,29 0,08 0,01 0,00 0,01 0,00 0,00 1,00

kg/h 210,00 0,00 0,00 0,00 1365,0 1115,00 339,00 111,00 3140,00

Bottom kmole/h 2,69 0,00 0,00 0,00 4,83 4,35 1,21 0,41 13,49

x 0,20 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,36 0,32 0,09 0,03 1,00

Data Condenser

Fluida pendingin : Air

T inlet pendingin : 32,0 ˚C Diasumsikan temperatur pendingin naik 5,0˚C

T outlet pendingin : 37,0 ˚C

Seharusnya T dew = T outlet pendingin, namun pada kasus ini diasumsikan T dew 2,0 ˚C lebih tinggi dari T outlet pendingin
Sehingga, T dew : 242,0 ˚C : 515,0 K

Untuk mendapatkan P top kolom, maka perhitungan mengacu pada :

 y * Ptot 
Σx =   =1
 P 
o

B
ln(P) = A   D * ln( T )  E * T F
T C
 Masa Pi Temperature P top

kg/jam kmol/jam fraksi (yi) kPa K xi Kelvin Celcius kPa Pa mmHg

Benzene 1890,00 24,19 0,55 209,59 1,09 0,503

Toluene 1050,00 11,39 0,30 468712,91 2430,70 0,00013

Xylene 350,00 3,30 0,10 187581,18 972,78 0,0001

Naphtalene 40,00 0,31 0,01 13015,71 67,50 0,00017

515,00 242,00 192,830 2,E+05 1,E+03
Oleic Acid 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,128 0,0007 0,000

Palmitic Acid 123,89 0,48 0,04 14,619 0,0758 0,473

Linoleic Acid 0,00 0,00 0,00 3,827 0,0198 0,000

Myristic Acid 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,199 0,0010 0,000

3453,89 39,68 1,00 669538,16 3472,16 0,98

A B C D E F

Benzene 169,65 -10314,80 0,00 -23,59 0,00 2,00

Toluene 76,45 -6995,00 0,00 -9,16 0,00 2,00

Xylene 77,84 -7594,10 0,00 -9,26 0,00 2,00

Naphtalene 85,86 -9555,60 0,00 -10,12 0,00 2,00

 Oleic Acid 175,00 -20000,00 0,00 -21,95 0,00 2,00

Palmitic Acid 62,02 -11660,00 0,00 -6,12 0,00 2,00

Linoleic Acid 148,22 -18760,70 0,00 -17,81 0,00 2,00

Myristic Acid 224,30 -19885,00 0,00 -29,85 0,00 2,00

3. Penentuan Bubble Temperature

Asumsi perbedaan tekanan pada kolom sebesar 68,94 kPa

Sehingga : P bottom = Ptop + 68,94 kPa

P bottom : 261,77 kPa

Bubble Point campuran pada tekanan operasi di atas mengacu pada persamaan :
  x * P 
Σy =   =1
 Ptot 

B
ln(P) = A   D * ln( T )  E * T F
T C

Masa Pi P Bottom Temperature

kg/jam kmol/jam fraksi (xi) kPa K yi kPa Pa mmHg Kelvin Celcius

Benzene 210,00 2,69 0,07 67,46 0,26 0,017235

Toluene 0,00 0,00 0,00 1173251,91 4481,99 0,000000

Xylene 0,00 0,00 0,00 601340,28 2297,20 0,000000

Naphtalene 0,00 0,00 0,00 82251,37 314,21 0,000000

261,77 261770,46 1963,44 573,22 300,22
Oleic Acid 1365,00 4,83 0,43 5,00 0,02 0,008305

Palmitic Acid 1115,00 4,35 0,36 644,27 2,46 0,873959

Linoleic Acid 339,00 1,21 0,11 237,32 0,91 0,097879

Myristic Acid 111,00 0,41 0,04 1,06 0,00 0,000143

3140,00 13,49 1,00 1857798,67 7097,05 1,00

 A B C D E F

Benzene 169,65 -10314,80 0,00 -23,59 0,00 2,00

Toluene 76,45 -6995,00 0,00 -9,16 0,00 2,00

Xylene 77,84 -7594,10 0,00 -9,26 0,00 2,00

Naphtalene 85,86 -9555,60 0,00 -10,12 0,00 2,00

Oleic Acid 175,00 -20000,00 0,00 -21,95 0,00 2,00

Palmitic
62,02 -11660,00 0,00 -6,12 0,00 2,00
Acid

Linoleic
148,22 -18760,70 0,00 -17,81 0,00 2,00
Acid

Myristic
224,30 -19885,00 0,00 -29,85 0,00 2,00
Acid

4. Minimum Tray Numbers at Total Reflux Condition

Menggunakan persamaan Fenske

 Xd , LK   Xb, HK 
log   * 
 Xd , HK   Xb, LK 
Sm   N min  1 
log avg
 P o LK   P o LK 
avg  d b    
 P o HK  d * 
 P o HK 
b
   

Komposisi Distillate Bottoms

XD,LK XD,HK XB,HK XB,LK P˚LK P˚HK P˚LK P˚HK

0,610 0,199 0,322 0,012 209,59 14,619 67,46 644,27

αD αB
 14,336 0,105

αavg

1,225

(Nmin +1) = 21,637 -> Stage teoritis (dengan reboiler)

N min = 20,637 tray teoritis

5. Components Distribution apart of HKLK in Distillate and Bottom Product

Pada awal pembahasan kita mengasumsikan senyawa beberapa senyawa terbawa ke

distillate sedang beberapa senyawa terbawa ke bottom. Namun pada kenyataannya tidak
demikian sehingga kita perlu menghitung distribusi senyawa tersebut di distillate dan
bottomdengan menggunakan persamaan di bawah ini :

 X HK , D * D 
  i , avg 
Xi, D * D
* 
Nm

Xi, B * B  X HK , B * B 
Pi 
 i, D 
P  HK
 Pi    Pi  
 i , avg   i , D  *  i , B    D *  B
 P  HK   P  HK 

P֯comp,D P֯comp,B αcomp,D αcomp,B αcomp,avg

 Benzene 209,59 67,46 14,336 0,105 1,23

Toluene 468712,91 1173251,91 32061,589 1821,061 7641,08

Xylene 187581,18 601340,28 12831,203 933,369 3460,67

Naphtalene 13015,71 82251,37 890,320 127,666 337,14

Oleic Acid 0,123 5,001 0,009 0,008 0,0082

Palmitic Acid 14,619 644,268 1,000 1,000 1,0000

Linoleic Acid 3,827 237,322 0,262 0,368 0,3105

Myristic Acid 0,199 1,058 0,014 0,002 0,0047

Distribusi komponen di distillate dan bottoms

Lalu menggunakan neraca masa komponen untuk mendapatkan flow
 X HK , D * D 
  A , avg  Nm
X i, D * D
*  X A, F * F  X A, D .D  X A , B.B
X i, B * B  X HK , B * B 

Component Distribution assumed in distillate

(Xi,D . D)/(Xi,B . B) Xi,F Xi,F*F X comp,B . B X comp,D . D

Benzene 120,226 0,51 26,88 0,22 26,66

Toluene 2,E+80 0,22 11,39 0,00 11,39

Xylene 2,E+73 0,06 3,30 0,00 3,30

Naphtalene 3,E+52 0,01 0,31 0,00 0,31

Component Distribution assumed in bottoms

(Xi,D . D)/(Xi,B . B) Xi,F Xi,F*F X comp,B . B X comp,D . D

Oleic Acid 0,00 0,09 4,83 4,83 0,00

Palmitic Acid 1,82 0,09 4,62 1,64 2,98

Linoleic Acid 0,00 0,02 1,21 1,21 0,00

Myristic Acid 0,00 0,01 0,41 0,41 0,00

Overhead Bottom

kmol/h y kmol/h x

Benzene 26,66 0,60 0,22 0,03

Toluene 11,39 0,26 0,00 0,00

Xylene 3,30 0,07 0,00 0,00

Naphtalene 0,31 0,01 0,00 0,00

Oleic Acid 0,00 0,00 4,83 0,58

Palmitic Acid 2,98 0,07 1,64 0,20

Linoleic Acid 0,00 0,00 1,21 0,15

Myristic Acid 0,00 0,00 0,41 0,05

44,64 1,00 8,31 1,00

Perubahan tekanan atas dan bubble point berdasarkan pada distribusi senyawa di dalam
kolom adalah sebagai berikut :

TOP PRESSURE Bubble Point

T dew : 515,00 K : 242 °C P Bottom : 202,39 kPa

P top : 133,45 kPa : 1518,02 mmHg

 : 133446,363 Pa T bubble : 576,12 K : 303,12 °C

: 1000,9301 mmHg

Bottom
Overhead
x P˚ y
y P˚ x
Benzene 0,03 63,18 0,01
Benzene 0,60 209,59 0,38
Toluene 0,00 1215034,95 0,00
Toluene 0,26 468712,91 0,00
Xylene 0,00 629612,08 0,00
Xylene 0,07 187581,18 0,00
Naphtalene 0,00 88711,09 0,00
Naphtalene 0,01 13015,71 0,00
Oleic Acid 0,58 5,81 0,02
Oleic Acid 0,00 0,13 0,00
Palmitic Acid 0,20 759,55 0,74
Palmitic Acid 0,07 14,62 0,61
Linoleic Acid 0,15 281,96 0,20
Linoleic Acid 0,00 3,83 0,00
Myristic Acid 0,05 1,12 0,00
Myristic Acid 0,00 0,20 0,00
1,00 1934469,73 0,97
1,00 669538,16 0,99

A B C D E F

Benzene 169,65 -10314,80 0,00 -23,59 0,00 2,00

Toluene 76,45 -6995,00 0,00 -9,16 0,00 2,00

Xylene 77,84 -7594,10 0,00 -9,26 0,00 2,00

Naphtalene 85,86 -9555,60 0,00 -10,12 0,00 2,00

Oleic Acid 175,00 -20000,00 0,00 -21,95 0,00 2,00

Palmitic Acid 62,02 -11660,00 0,00 -6,12 0,00 2,00

Linoleic Acid 148,22 -18760,70 0,00 -17,81 0,00 2,00

Myristic Acid 224,30 -19885,00 0,00 -29,85 0,00 2,00

6. Minimum Reflux Calculatio with Shortcut Method

B
ln(P) = A   D * ln( T )  E * T F
T C
 i * x iF
1  q  
 i  
 i * x iD
Rm  1  
 i  
Temperature Avg

Dew Bubble
Celcius Kelvin 1-q θ
Temperature Temperature

242,00 303,12 272,56 545,56 0,00 25,97

comp Xi,f Xi,D P֯ @ T avg αi 1-q Rm+1

Benzene 0,51 0,60 121,18 8,29 -0,24 -0,28

Toluene 0,22 0,26 801150,38 54801,47 0,22 0,26

Xylene 0,06 0,07 367618,18 25146,36 0,06 0,07

Naphtalene 0,01 0,01 37192,47 2544,09 0,01 0,01

Oleic Acid 0,09 0,00 1,04 0,07 0,00 0,00

Palmitic Acid 0,09 0,07 120,34 8,23 -0,04 -0,03

Linoleic Acid 0,02 0,00 39,52 2,70 0,00 0,00

Myristic Acid 0,01 0,00 0,55 0,04 0,00 0,00 Rm Act. R Act. Rm

Total 1,00 1,00 1206243,6 82511,25 0,00 0,03 -0,97 1,50 -1,46
 A B C D E F

Benzene 169,65 -10314,80 0,00 -23,59 0,00 2,00

Toluene 76,45 -6995,00 0,00 -9,16 0,00 2,00

Xylene 77,84 -7594,10 0,00 -9,26 0,00 2,00

Naphtalene 85,86 -9555,60 0,00 -10,12 0,00 2,00

Oleic Acid 175,00 -20000,00 0,00 -21,95 0,00 2,00

Palmitic Acid 62,02 -11660,00 0,00 -6,12 0,00 2,00

Linoleic Acid 148,22 -18760,70 0,00 -17,81 0,00 2,00

Myristic Acid 224,30 -19885,00 0,00 -29,85 0,00 2,00

7. Actual Number Tray Estmation

N  Nm   R  Rm  0.5668 
 0.75 * 1    
N 1   R  1  

Act. R Rm Act. R+1 N-Nm/(N+1) Nm N

-1,46 -0,97 -0,46 -0,02 20,64 20,15

8. Feed Tray Location

Ne  XHK , F  B  XLK , B  2 
log  0.206 * log   * *  
Ns  XLK , F  D  XHK , D  
 XHK,F XLK,F B D XLK,B XHK,D log Ne/Ns

0,09 0,51 13,49 39,68 0,03 0,07 -0,42

Ne + Ns =N
Ne=value*Ns Ns Ne

0,66 12,15 8,00

SO, feed tray is at 8,00 from top column