Deber sobre resolución de cerchas por rigidez directa.

Análisis de
estructuras II
Determine las fuerzas internas en todos los elementos (barras y resortes), las reacciones en los
apoyos y los desplazamientos en los nodos. Indicar si las barras trabajan a tracción o compresión.
Considere E=2.1*106 kg/cm2, y A=0.1 m2 para todos los elementos. Las constantes de los resortes
vienen dadas por:
𝐾1 = 𝐾; 𝐾2 = 2 ∗ 𝐾; 𝐾3 = 𝐾/3
 DATOS DE LA CERCHA

Modulo de
Elemento Nodo i Nodo j Longitud(m) θ (º) = elasticidad Area (m2) AE/L
(Kg/m2)

1 1 2 4.24 45 21000000000 0.1 0

2 3 2 3.16 108.43 21000000000 0.1 0
3 1 3 4 0 21000000000 0.1 0
4 2 4 3.16 71.57 21000000000 0.1 0
5 3 4 6 90 21000000000 0.1 0
6 4 5 1 90 10388 1 0
7 3 6 3.61 56.31 21000000000 0.1 0
8 4 6 3.61 303.7 21000000000 0.1 0
9 6 7 4.24 315 21000000000 0.1 0
10 3 7 5 0 21000000000 0.1 0
11 7 8 1 0 20776 1 0
12 7 9 1 270 3462.67 1 0

MATRICES DE LOS ELEMENTOS DE LA CERCHA

TRAMO 1-2

Elemento u1 v1 u2 v2
1
Q1x 249672169.8 247641509.4 -247641509.4 -247641509.4
Q1y 247641509.4 247641509.4 -247641509.4 -247641509.4
Q2x -247641509.4 -247641509.4 247641509.4 247641509.4
Q2y -247641509.4 -247641509.4 247641509.4 247641509.4

TRAMO 3-2

Elemento u3 v3 u2 v2
2
Q3x 68050632.91 -199367088.61 -66455696.20 199367088.61
Q3y -199367088.61 598101265.82 199367088.61 -598101265.82
Q2x -66455696.20 199367088.61 66455696.20 -199367088.61
Q2y 199367088.61 -598101265.82 -199367088.61 598101265.82
TRAMO 1 -3

Elemento 3 u1 v1 u3 v3
Q1x 525000000 0 -525000000 0
Q1y 0 0 0 0
Q3x -525000000 0 525000000 0
Q3y 0 0 0 0

TRAMO 2 - 4

Elemento 4 u2 v2 u4 v4
Q2x 68050632.91 199367088.6 -66455696.2 -199367088.6
Q2y 199367088.6 598101265.8 -199367088.6 -598101265.8
Q4x -66455696.2 -199367088.6 66455696.2 199367088.6
Q4y -199367088.6 -598101265.8 199367088.6 598101265.8

TRAMO 3 - 4

Elemento 5 u3 v3 u4 v4
Q3x 0 0 0 0
Q3y 0 350000000 0 -350000000
Q4x 0 0 0 0
Q4y 0 -350000000 0 350000000

TRAMO 4 -5

Elemento 6 u4 v4 u5 v5
Q4x 0 0 0 0
Q4y 0 10388 0 -10388
Q5x 0 0 0 0
Q5y 0 -10388 0 10388

TRAMO 3 -6

Elemento 7 u3 v3 u6 v6
Q3x 175969529.1 267590027.7 -174515235.5 -267590027.7
Q3y 267590027.7 401385041.6 -267590027.7 -401385041.6
Q6x -174515235.5 -267590027.7 174515235.5 267590027.7
Q6y -267590027.7 -401385041.6 267590027.7 401385041.6
TRAMO 4 - 6

Elemento 8 u4 v4 u6 v6
Q4x 175969529.1 -267590027.7 -174515235.5 267590027.7
Q4y -267590027.7 401385041.6 267590027.7 -401385041.6
Q6x -174515235.5 267590027.7 174515235.5 -267590027.7
Q6y 267590027.7 -401385041.6 -267590027.7 401385041.6
TRAMO 6 - 7

Elemento 9 u6 v6 u7 v7
Q6x 249672169.8 -247641509.4 -247641509.4 247641509.4
Q6y -247641509.4 247641509.4 247641509.4 -247641509.4
M6 0 0 0 0
Q7x -247641509.4 247641509.4 247641509.4 -247641509.4
Q7y 247641509.4 -247641509.4 -247641509.4 247641509.4

TRAMO 3 - 7

Elemento 10 u3 v3 u7 v7
Q3x 420000000 0 -420000000 0
Q3y 0 0 0 0
Q7x -420000000 0 420000000 0
Q7y 0 0 0 0

TRAMO 7 - 8

Elemento 11 u7 v7 u8 v8

Q7x 20776 0 -20776 0

Q7y 0 0 0 0
Q8x -20776 0 20776 0
Q8y 0 0 0 0

TRAMO 7 - 9

Elemento 12 u7 v7 u9 v9
Q7x 0 0 0 0
Q7y 0 3462.67 0 -3462.67
Q9x 0 0 0 0
Q9y 0 -3462.67 0 3462.67
VECTORES REACCIONES (QR) , FUERZAS NODALES (QN)Y DESPLAZAMIENTOS( D)

QN QR D

Q3x 0 Q3x 0 u3 ?
Q3y -50000 Q3y 0 v3 ?
Q2x 0 Q2x 0 u2 ?
Q2y 10000 Q2y 0 v2 ?
Q4x 0 Q4x 0 u4 ?
Q4y 0 Q4y 0 v4 ?
Q6x 0 Q6x 0 u6 ?
Q6y 20000 Q6y 0 v6 ?
Q7x 0 Q7x 0 u7 ?
Q7y 0 Q7y 0 v7 ?
Q8x 0 Q8x ? u8 0
Q8y 0 Q8y ? v8 0
Q1x 0 Q1x ? u1 0
Q1y 0 Q1y ? v1 0
Q5x 0 Q5x ? u5 0
Q5y 0 Q5y ? v5 0
Q9x 0 Q9x ? u9 0
Q9y 0 Q9y ? v9 0
ORGANIZAR Y CONDENSAR K

MATRIZ GLOBAL

u3 v3 u2 v2 u4 v4 u6 v6 u7 v7 u8 v8 u1 v1 u5 v5 u9 v9
Q3x 1189020162.00 68222939.09 -66455696.20 199367088.61 0.00 0.00 -174515235.46 -267590027.70 -420000000.00 0.00 0 0.00 -525000000 0 0 0 0 0
Q3y 68222939.09 1349486307.37 199367088.61 -598101265.82 0.00 -350000000.00 -267590027.70 -401385041.55 0.00 0.00 0 0.00 0 0 0 0 0 0
Q2x -66455696.20 199367088.61 382147838.55 247641509.43 -66455696.20 -199367088.61 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 0.00 -247641509 -247641509 0 0 0 0
Q2y 199367088.61 -598101265.82 247641509.43 1443844041.08 -199367088.61 -598101265.82 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 0.00 -247641509 -247641509 0 0 0 0
Q4x 0.00 0.00 -66455696.20 -199367088.61 242425225.29 -68222939.09 -174515235.46 267590027.70 0.00 0.00 0 0.00 0 0 0 0 0 0
Q4y 0.00 -350000000.00 -199367088.61 -598101265.82 -68222939.09 1349496695.37 267590027.70 -401385041.55 0.00 0.00 0 0.00 0 0 0 -10388 0 0
Q6x -174515235.46 -267590027.70 0.00 0.00 -174515235.46 267590027.70 598702640.73 -247641509.43 -247641509.43 247641509.43 0 0.00 0 0 0 0 0 0
Q6y -267590027.70 -401385041.55 0.00 0.00 267590027.70 -401385041.55 -247641509.43 1050411592.54 247641509.43 -247641509.43 0 0.00 0 0 0 0 0 0
Q7x -420000000.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 -247641509.43 247641509.43 667662285.43 -247641509.43 -20776.00 0.00 0 0 0 0 0 0
Q7y 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 247641509.43 -247641509.43 -247641509.43 247644972.10 0.00 0.00 0 0 0 0 0
Q8x 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 -20776.00 0.00 20776.00 0.00 0 0 0 0 0 0
Q8y 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 0 0 0 0
Q1x -525000000 0 -247641509.4 -247641509.4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 774672170 247641509 0 0 0.00
Q1y 0 0 -247641509.4 -247641509.4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 247641509 247641509 0 0 0 0.00
Q5x 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.00
Q5y 0 0 0 0 0 -10388 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10388 0 0
Q9x 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Q9y 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3462.67 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3462.67
DETERMINAR LOS DESPLAZAMIENTOS

u3 v3 u2 v2 u4 v4 u6 v6 u7 v7
Q3x 1189020162 68222939.09 -66455696.2 199367088.6 0 0 -174515235.5 -267590027.7 -420000000 0
Q3y 68222939.09 1349486307 199367088.6 -598101265.8 0 -350000000 -267590027.7 -401385041.6 0 0
Q2x -66455696.2 199367088.6 382147838.5 247641509.4 -66455696.2 -199367088.6 0 0 0 0
Q2y 199367088.6 -598101265.8 247641509.4 1443844041 -199367088.6 -598101265.8 0 0 0 0
Q4x 0 0 -66455696.2 -199367088.6 242425225.3 -68222939.09 -174515235.5 267590027.7 0 0
Q4y 0 -350000000 -199367088.6 -598101265.8 -68222939.09 1349496695 267590027.7 -401385041.6 0 0
Q6x -174515235.5 -267590027.7 0 0 -174515235.5 267590027.7 598702640.7 -247641509.4 -247641509.4 247641509
Q6y -267590027.7 -401385041.6 0 0 267590027.7 -401385041.6 -247641509.4 1050411593 247641509.4 -247641509
Q7x -420000000 0 0 0 0 0 -247641509.4 247641509.4 667662285.4 -247641509
Q7y 0 0 0 0 0 0 247641509.4 -247641509.4 -247641509.4 247644972

K-1

1.96802E-09 7.99288E-09 -5.48647E-09 5.48584E-09 -1.3115E-08 8.00624E-09 -5.55126E-09 1.30272E-08 1.96775E-09 2.05459E-08
7.99288E-09 1.07373E-06 -7.99159E-07 8.03118E-07 -1.59946E-06 1.06997E-06 -7.88246E-07 1.60766E-06 7.97266E-09 2.40384E-06
-5.48647E-09 -7.99159E-07 5.9811E-07 -5.98051E-07 1.19279E-06 -7.96346E-07 5.88058E-07 -1.19717E-06 -5.47143E-09 -1.79068E-06
5.48584E-09 8.03118E-07 -5.98051E-07 6.02031E-07 -1.19268E-06 8.00306E-07 -5.88E-07 1.20109E-06 5.47078E-09 1.79454E-06
-1.3115E-08 -1.59946E-06 1.19279E-06 -1.19268E-06 2.43646E-06 -1.60236E-06 1.20683E-06 -2.41742E-06 -1.30844E-08 -3.63729E-06
8.00624E-09 1.06997E-06 -7.96346E-07 8.00306E-07 -1.60236E-06 1.06907E-06 -7.91858E-07 1.6063E-06 7.98601E-09 2.40611E-06
-5.55126E-09 -7.88246E-07 5.88058E-07 -5.88E-07 1.20683E-06 -7.91858E-07 6.02751E-07 -1.19417E-06 -5.53613E-09 -1.80243E-06
1.30272E-08 1.60766E-06 -1.19717E-06 1.20109E-06 -2.41742E-06 1.6063E-06 -1.19417E-06 2.41836E-06 1.29966E-08 3.62548E-06
1.96775E-09 7.97266E-09 -5.47143E-09 5.47078E-09 -1.30844E-08 7.98601E-09 -5.53613E-09 1.29966E-08 4.3483E-09 2.28807E-08
2.05459E-08 2.40384E-06 -1.79068E-06 1.79454E-06 -3.63729E-06 2.40611E-06 -1.80243E-06 3.62548E-06 2.28807E-08 5.45475E-06
D = [QR –QN] * K-1

1.96802E-09 7.99288E-09 -5.48647E-09 5.48584E-09 -1.3115E-08 8.00624E-09 -5.55126E-09 1.30272E-08 1.96775E-09 2.05459E-08
u3 ? u3 0 7.99288E-09 1.07373E-06 -7.99159E-07 8.03118E-07 -1.59946E-06 1.06997E-06 -7.88246E-07 1.60766E-06 7.97266E-09 2.40384E-06
v3 ? v3 -50000 -5.48647E-09 -7.99159E-07 5.9811E-07 -5.98051E-07 1.19279E-06 -7.96346E-07 5.88058E-07 -1.19717E-06 -5.47143E-09 -1.79068E-06
u2 ? u2 0 5.48584E-09 8.03118E-07 -5.98051E-07 6.02031E-07 -1.19268E-06 8.00306E-07 -5.88E-07 1.20109E-06 5.47078E-09 1.79454E-06
v2 ? v2 10000 -1.3115E-08 -1.59946E-06 1.19279E-06 -1.19268E-06 2.43646E-06 -1.60236E-06 1.20683E-06 -2.41742E-06 -1.30844E-08 -3.63729E-06
u4 ? u4 0
8.00624E-09 1.06997E-06 -7.96346E-07 8.00306E-07 -1.60236E-06 1.06907E-06 -7.91858E-07 1.6063E-06 7.98601E-09 2.40611E-06
v4 ? v4 0
-5.55126E-09 -7.88246E-07 5.88058E-07 -5.88E-07 1.20683E-06 -7.91858E-07 6.02751E-07 -1.19417E-06 -5.53613E-09 -1.80243E-06
u6 ? u6 20000
1.30272E-08 1.60766E-06 -1.19717E-06 1.20109E-06 -2.41742E-06 1.6063E-06 -1.19417E-06 2.41836E-06 1.29966E-08 3.62548E-06
v6 ? v6 0
1.96775E-09 7.97266E-09 -5.47143E-09 5.47078E-09 -1.30844E-08 7.98601E-09 -5.53613E-09 1.29966E-08 4.3483E-09 2.28807E-08
u7 ? u7 0
2.05459E-08 2.40384E-06 -1.79068E-06 1.79454E-06 -3.63729E-06 2.40611E-06 -1.80243E-06 3.62548E-06 2.28807E-08 5.45475E-06
v7 ? v7 0

u3 0.00045581
v3 0.06142003
u2 -0.04573858
v2 0.0458956
u4 -0.09218317
v4 0.06133256
u6 -0.04558732
v6 0.09225536
u7 0.00045465
v7 0.13829539
DETERMINAR REACCIONES

Q8x ? 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -20776 0
Q8y ? 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Q1x ? -525000000 0 -247641509.4 -247641509.4 0 0 0 0 0 0
Q1y ? 0 0 -247641509.4 -247641509.4 0 0 0 0 0 0
Q5x ? 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Q5y ? 0 0 0 0 0 -10388 0 0 0 0
Q9x ? 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Q9y ? 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3462.67

u3 0.00045581
v3 0.06142003
u2 -0.04573858
v2 0.0458956
u4 -0.09218317
v4 0.06133256
u6 -0.04558732
v6 0.09225536
u7 0.00045465
v7 0.13829539
 Q8x 7818.467
Q8y 0
Q1x -27818.458
Q1y 38884.0061
Q5x 0
Q5y 637.122623
Q9x 0
Q9y 478.87131

COMPROBACIÓN

ΣFx = 7818.467 - 27818.458 = 20 000 kgf

ΣFy = 38884.0061 + 637.122623 + 478.87131 + 10 000 = 50 000kgf