“DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF MULTIPURPOSE

AGRICULTURE AIDED VEHICLE”

JSS Mahavidyapeetha

Sri Jayachamarajendra College of Engineering, Mysore 570 006

(An Autonomous under VTU)

In partial fulfilment for the award of degree of

BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING
In
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

Submitted by

NAGENDRA R 4JC15ME030
JAGADEESHA K N 4JC16ME403
MANJUNATHA S 4JC16ME406
MAHESH S 4JC16ME405

Under the guidance of

 Dr. MAHESH V M
Assistant professor,
Dept. Of Mechanical Engineering,
Sri Jayachamarajendra College of Engineering, Mysore- 570 006

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

SRI JAYACHAMARAJENDRA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING,
MYSORE

Abstract

Now a days farmer are facing so many problems regarding agriculture, so our project
aim is to overcome the agriculture problems by develop multi-purpose vehicle. Multi-
purpose vehicle is perform operatons like ploughing, seeding, pesticide
spraying ,leveling, cutting. In this equipment, we used engine for driving the vehicle
and also operating some operation. The ploughing, seeding, leveling done by engine
which is connected to shaft. Wealso use the solar panel, D C motor ,pump for
pesticide sprayer and cutting operations. So our aim is to design and fabrication of
multi-purpose vehicle which perform the five operation.

INTRODUCTION

This project is to help small-scale farmers to fulfill demand and supply for
market, by designing a multipurpose agriculture machine it cut the crop more easily,
spray pesticides, and seeding and ploughing easily. Agriculture is the backbone of
India. As the population of India continues to grow, the demand for producing
 multiple cropping in farms has been growing which in turn demand advanced
machineries Farming has undergone great revolution in the last few decades. Over the
various reasons involved for this evolution is the use of efficient machines. An
innovative technology designed to make agricultural production more efficient and
profitable .The special vehicle field are gradually increasing its productivity in
agriculture field. Some of the major problems in the Indian agricultural are rising of
input costs, availability of skilled labors, lack of water resources and crop monitoring.
The proposed idea implements the vehicle to perform the functions such as ploughing,
seed sowing, mud leveling, water spraying. These functions can be integrated into a
single vehicle and then performed.
Operations :
1. Ploughing: this is the mechanism used in all the agricultural fields to maintain the
fertility of land, due to forward movement of the equipment the plougher is attached
to the front of the equipment with predesigned number of teeth and teeth depth.
2. Sowing: As the equipment moves the ploughing process takes place, the chain
sprocket is attached to the rolling wheel and this is directly connected to shaft which
in turn connected to storage box, the shaft has teeth which revolve due to rotary
motion produced in previous attachments. Hence seeds are sowed via pipes connected
which are aligned to the ploughing teeth.
3.Pesticides spraying: spraying of chemical is accomplished by help of a storage tank
provided with stirrer and a nozzle attached to it.
4. Leveling of soil: the ploughed soil is leveled by pressing it with a leveller so that
the top soil is not blown away by wind or drained off by water.
5. Cutting :using the blades which is connected to motor system cutting operation
will be done.
So we used solar panel for utilize the solar energy to run the motor which is
connected to cutting tools and pumping operation to spray the chemical. In our
project, vehicle run by the engine to avoid use of man power and animal for
agriculture farming. Now a days a middle class farmer can’t afford to buy expensive
machines but our vehicle is cheaper than other vehicles.

WORKING PRINCIPLE

The working principle of our model starts engine power transmission through chain and
sprocket arrangement mechanism. Here engine power shaft is connected to rear axle of
the wheel where it produces the torque to movement of the vehicle we can control the
speed of the machine by controlling the throttle provided in the machine. Hence
polughing action done. The ploughing tool is attached in middle of frame means infront
of seed sowing. Leveling operation is also done when vehicle is move. Leveler tool is
attached behind engine. Simultaneously another sprocket of same size in rear axle is used
to maintain the same speed to provide the rotational effect to the another shaft which is
below the seed sower equipment the shaft rotates at the same speed as that of rear axle
rotates. Here another larger teeth sprocket is used to provide rotational effect to seed
sower shaft. As this shaft consists of two circular plates and made a slots at specified
distance to easily pick the seeds from the hopper as the rear axle wheels turns due to
power transmission of engine the seed are dropped by the circular plate. The circular
plates are turned in clockwise direction as the rotational effects provided by shaft and
seed is dropped into ground. We are maintaining the speed of the machine very low so it
produces maximum amount of torque. The solar panel converts solar energy into
electrical energy. This electrical energy is stored in batteries by using a solar charger.
The main function of the solar charger is to increase the current from the panel while
batteries are charging. The motor is connected To batteries through connecting wires.
Between these mechanical circuit breaker switch is provided. It starts and stops the
working of the motor. From this motor, power transmits to the mechanism and this
makes the blade to rotate on the shaft this makes to cut the grass. Hence the model can be
run on agricultural land.

PARTS TO BE DESIGN

1.Frame
2.Shaft
3.Cutting tool
4.Sprayer
5.Ploughing tool

MATERIAL SPECIFICATION
SL.NO COMPONENTS QTY SPECIFICATION
 1 FRAME 1 MATERIAL: MILD STEEL

2 ENGINE 1 100CC 4-STROKE PETROL ENGINE

3 CUTTING BLADE 1 MATERIAL: MILD STEEL

4 PLOUGHING 2 MATERIAL: FORGED STEEL

TOOL
5 SEED HOPPER 2 MATERIAL : GALVANIZED IRON

6 CIRCULAR 2 MATERIAL = WOOD

PLATE
7 SHAFT 2 MATERIAL =MILD STEEL

8 CHAIN 3 MOTORBICYCLE CHAIN

9 GROUND WHEEL 4 TUBELESS OR ORDINARY TYRE

10 D C MOTOR 1 900 RPM ,230V AC

11 TANK 1 APPROXIMETLY 5 LITERS

12 SPRAYER PUMP 1 12V,3.6LPM,
13 SOLAR PANEL 1 300×150mm
14 BATTERY 1 12V

MAIN FRAME:
The main frame is the skeletal structure of the seed sower on which all other
components are mounted. The two design factors considered in the determination of
the material required for the frame are the weight and strength. In this model, we have
used mild steel and having a cross-section of rectangular frame 40mm x 20mm and
3mm thickness were used to give the required rigidity.
COMPONENTS REQUIRED

ENGINE MOTOR BATTERY

SOLAR PANEL TYRES HOPPER FOR SEED FEED

LITERATURE SURVEY
Ankit Jadav et.at. [1][2018] In this paper, they desigh and develop an agriculture
model which can be able to perform chaff cutting,groundnut shelling, paddy
separation and tool grinding operations in agriculture field. Implementation of
technology in the field of agriculture has brought a very wide range changes in
manual procedures are replace by advance technical procedures.
Patil Nikhil v et.at.[2][2018] In this research paper, they design the multi purpose
vehicle which is run by engine. Their aim is replace the man power to machine power.
Their project operations are ploughing, leveling, seed sowing, digging.

Suraj S. thokal et.at.[3][2017] In this paper they built the multipurpose equipment
relatively cheap. The major advantage of equipment is to perform several operation,
weeding, cultivation, ploughing, spraying, etc. They use engine and it is similar to
tiller operation.

Diwanale Swapnil, Damre Mayur[4][2017] In this paper upgraded design of

manually operated sprayer and weeder which will be helpful for small land farmer. It
consumes less time and save money as compare with conventional spraying and
weeding. This machine does not require any fuel or power so maintenance is less.
This model removes problem of back pain, vibrations and noise.

Amrita Sneha A et.at.[5][2015] This paper strives to develop a mechanism capable

of playing operations like automatic plowing, seed dispensing, fruit choosing and
chemical spraying. It conjointly provides manual management once needed and keeps
tabs on the wetness with the assistance of wetness sensors .The main element here is
that the AVR At mega microcontroller that supervises the whole method. at first the
mechanism tills the whole field and income to plowing, at the same time dispensing
seeds aspect by aspect. The device used for navigation is Associate in Nursing
supersonic device that incessantly sends information to the microcontroller.

Adamade et.at.[6][2014] Fellow researcher worked on Mechanization is recognized

as the necessary major means needed to accelerate agricultural production and create
a period of surplus in Nigeria. Indeed food sufficiency can only be attained in Nigeria
by encouraging and promoting local designs and manufacture of implements and
equipment at low cost. We have taken the useful data from this research paper.
Parminder Kamboj, Rohinish Khurana, Anoop Dixit[7] [2012] Disc harrow,
tractor, lase leveller, rotavator, BT cotton seed drill are available in more than 85% of
societies. Tractors which are available in societies are ranging from 50-60 hp. Most of
the hiring charges vary from 25-40 Rs. h-1 except that of laser leveller whose hiring
charge is 500 Rs. h-1 and tractor hiring charge is 150-250 Rs. h-1 and rotavator hiring
charge is 70-80 Rs. h-1. In more than 70% of the societies, annual use of the rotavator
was 550 h. and annual usage of tractor.

Mada, Sunday Mahai [8][2013] In this research paper author has mentioned
importance of mechanization in agricultural by giving examples. The conclusion from
the paper was need of multifunctional single axel vehicle for pre and post harvesting.
We have taken this as base for our research and further production of our
multifunctional agricultural vehicle.

Tiwari, A. Ashok Kumar, Satya Prakash Kumar, Brajesh Narre[9][2012]

In this research papers author have done case study on farm mechanization in west
Bengal as being part of India it give clear status about availability and progress in
India. This ensured us to take right steps compared to current steps.

Varikuti Vasantha Rao et.al.[10][2014] Multiple Power Supplied Fertilizer Sprayer,

In this paper, the design of multiple power supplied fertilizer sprayer has been
presented. The proposed system is the modified model of the two stroke petrol engine
powered sprayer which minimizes the difficulties of the existing power sprayer such
as operating cost, changing of fuel etc. The two stroke petrol engine has been replaced
by a direct current motor and operated by the electrical energy stored in the battery
attached to the unit. It could also be operated on direct current during rainy and
cloudy weather conditions. This system can be used for spraying pesticides,
fungicides, fertilizers and paints.

Amrutesh et al.[11][2015] Solar Grass Cutter with Linear Blades by Using Scotch
Yoke Mechanism, the paper presents, solar grass cutter is a machine that uses sliding
blades to cut a lawn at an even length.Power consumption becomes essential for
future. Solar grass cutter is a very useful device which is very simple in construction.
It is used to maintain and upkeep lawns in gardens, schools, college’s etc. Our main
aim in pollution control is attained through this. Unskilled operation can operate
easily and maintain the lawn very fine and uniform surface look.

Linz, A. Ruckelshausen and E. Wunder et.al [12][2014] The authors are working in
the fields of unmanned or remote controlled autonomous field robots, navigation,
image-based sensor fusion as well as agricultural applications. In particular field
robots have been applied for a few years in outdoor agricultural field applications.
Within an interdisciplinary research group these technologies are transferred to robot
applications in vineyards and orchards. A first version of the robot with electrical
drives and precise sprayers has already been developed.

Saketh chellur et al.[13][2017] In this paper, they present the status of current trends
and implementation of agriculture and autonomous system and outline the potential
for future applications.they use the solar panel for operating the sprayer using toggle
switch and battery.

Shaiesh Deshmuk et.at.[14][2018] In this they design and develop an agriculture

robot which can be able to digging and seeds like operation carried out in agriculture
field. They control robot by wireless to performing the operation. Analyzs the design
of digging tool and develop for real time system. They made an effort to overcome
some problems in agriculture. They use the microcontroller 8051 in their project.

Pedro and Lagos [15][2013] In this paper, either diluted (with water, oil) or directly
are applied in small drops to the crop by different types of sprayers. Usually the EC
formulations, wet able powder formulations are diluted suitably with water which is a
common carrier of pesticides. In some cases however, oil is used as diluent or carrier
of pesticides. The important factors for spray volume consideration are: The volume
of spray liquid required for certain area depends upon the spray type and coverage,
total target area, size of spray droplet and number of spray droplets.

Pavan B.Wayzode el.at.[16][2015] The equipment is purposely design for the

farmers having small farming land say 5-6 acre. It is suitable for spraying as well as
weeding at minimum cost for the farmer so that he can afford it. The equipment will
results more beneficial when it is subjected to moist soil for weeding purpose, due to
moist soil the weed cutter can easily penetrate and dig out the soil and hence will
easily accomplished the weeding process.

Shailesh Malonde el at.[16][2014]

Based on the experiment performs it is found that the solar panel used in the project,
provides 17 volt 0.58amp.the scarcity of power can be overcome by this, on the other
hand the battery is rechargeable by supply available at homes. The manual labor is
eliminated by this module, the constant and effective discharge is achieved which
eventually increases the productivity. There are no health hazards to the operator.

P. Sarec, O. Sarec [18][2015] The lowest values of soil penetration resistance below
the cultivated profile were determined with the cultivators equipped with chisel
shaped shares, i.e. in the case of Farmet and Kockerling. Cultivators Vaderstad
TopDown 400 and Farmet Turbulent 450 showed good capacity in embedding plant
residues. This results have taken for our research basis.

F.A. Adamu, B. G. Jahun and B. Babangida[19] [2014]

In this paper, authors draws our attention towards the performance factor of a power
tiller.Among those demand for light weight power tiller was sought out most.Fuel
efficiency and field capacity such parameters are also discussed. We taken those
points in consideration while designing a sustainable multifunctional agricultural
vehicle.

Aniruddha Autade el.at.[20][2017]

In this paper, they creating a multi purpose agriculture vehicle which can perform
many operations such as harvesting, pesticide spraying, and cultivation. They used
solar panel for for run operation and also DC motor used. This system gives advance
method for many operation like ct the crops with minimum man power and labour
making it an efficient vehicle.

CONCLUSION
We made an effort to overcome some problems in agriculture.This multipurpose
system gives an advance method for many operation like ploughing, seed sowing,
pesticide spraying, leveling, cutting operation with minimum man power and labor
making it an efficient vehicle.Multipurpose machine make easy to operate different
operations in this project, we have made different assemblies for each operations and
it is quite having low maintenance and stable system.Based our project, we can
definitely say that the project will satisfy the need of small scale farmer, because they
are low cost, durable with minimum repairs which save time during operations. It also
overcome the labour problem that is the need of today’s farming in India.

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