GATE-2019 ORIGINAL PAPER – ME/1

GENERAL APTITUDE
Q. 1 – Q. 5 carry one mark each.

1. John Thomas, an _________ writer, passes away in 2018.

(A) eminent
(B) dominant
(C) imminent
(D) prominent
Sol. Choice (A). The correct answer is ‘eminent’, meaning famous and respected within that
sphere. Imminent means impending or about to happen. Choice (A)
2. The sum and product of two integers are 26 and 165 respectively. The difference between
these two integers is _______.
(A) 3
(B) 2
(C) 6
(D) 4
Sol. Let the two integers be a and b respectively.
Given, a + b = 26 and ab = 165
We know, (a – b)2 = (a + b)2 – 4ab
= 262 – 4 × 165  676 – 660 = 16  a – b = 4
Hence the difference between the two numbers is 4. Choice (D)
3. _____ I permitted him to leave, I wouldn’t have had any problem with him being absent. _____ I?
(A) Had, would
(B) Had, wouldn’t
(C) Have, wouldn’t
(D) Have, would
Sol. Option (A). The sentence is in the past perfect form; hence, the verb has to be in V3 perform
‘had’. ‘would I’ is idiomatically appropriate as the speaker is expecting an affirmative response
in his or her favor. Choice (A)
4. A worker noticed that the hour hand on the factory clock had moved by 225 degrees during
her stay at the factory. For how long did she stay in the factory?
(A) 4 hours and 15 mins
(B) 8.5 hours
(C) 7.5 hours
(D) 3.75 hours
Sol. If an hour hand is moved by 3600 it covers 12 hours. Therefore, one hour is equal to 300.
2250 = 7.5 hours. Choice (C)
5. The minister avoided any mention of the issue of women’s reservation in the private sector.
(A) skirting
(B) belting
(C) collaring
(D) tying
Sol. Option (A). The idiom ‘skirting the issue’ means to avoid due to fear of controversy or level of
difficulty. Choice (A)

GATE-2019 ORIGINAL PAPER – ME/1

Q. 6 – Q. 10 carry two marks each.

6. A person divided an amount of Rs. 100,000 into two parts and invested in two different
schemes. In one he got 10% profit and in the other he got 12%. If the profit percentages are
interchanged with these investments he would have got Rs.120 less. Find the ratio between
his investments in the two schemes.
(A) 47 : 53
(B) 9 : 16
(C) 37 : 63
(D) 11 : 14

Sol. Let the total amount be divided into two parts 100p and 100q respectively.
Given 100p + 100q = 100000
 p + q = 1000 (1)
If the profit percentage are 10% and 12% respectively, then the profit
= 10% of 100p + 12% of 100q
= 10p + 12q
If the profit percentage are 12% and 10% respectively, then the profit
= 12% of 100p + 10% of 100q = 12p + 10q
Given, 12p + 10q = 10p + 12q – 120
 2p = 2q – 120 => p = q – 60  (2)
From (1) and (2), (q – 60) + q = 1000
 q = 530 and p = 470
Hence the ratio between his two investments = 100p/100q
i.e. 47/53 Choice (A)

7. Under a certain legal system, prisoners are allowed to make one statement. If their statement
turns out to be true then they are hanged. If the statement turns out to be false then they are
shot. One prisoner made a statement and the judge had no option but to set him free. Which
one of the following could be that statement?
(A) You committed the crime
(B) I did not commit the crime
(C) I committed the crime
(D) I will be shot

Sol. From the given statement, it is not clear if the punishment has anything to do with committing
crime. Hence, in case of statements in options (A), (B) and (C), the prisoner will be killed
whether the statements are true or false.
In case of statement in option (D), if it is true, then he should be hanged but it contradicts the
acceptance of the statement “I will be shot” as true statement. If it is false, he should be shot,
but it again contradicts the acceptance of the statement “I will be shot” as false statement.
Hence, statement in option (D) forces the judge to set the prisoner free.
Choice (D)

8. M and N had four children P, Q, R and S. Of them, only P and R were married. They had
children X and Y respectively. If Y is a legitimate child of W. Which one of the following
statements is necessarily FALSE?
(A) R is the father of Y
(B) W is the wife of R
(C) M is the grandmother of Y
(D) W is the wife of P

GATE-2019 ORIGINAL PAPER – ME/2

Sol. The family tree of the given data is:

If R is considered male, R is the father of Y. W is wife of R. If M is considered woman then

she is necessarily grandmother of Y. However, under any situations, W cannot be the wife of
P. Choice (D)
9. Congo was named by Europeans. Congo’s dictator Mobuto later changed the name of the
country and the river to
Zaire with the objective of Africanising names of persons and spaces. However, the name
Zaire was a Portuguese alteration of Nzadi o Nzere, a local African term meaning ‘River that
swallows Rivers’, Zaire was the Portuguese name for the Congo river in the 16th and 17th
centuries.
Which one of the following statements can be inferred from the paragraph above?
(A) The term Nzadi o Nzere was of Portuguese origin
(B) Mobuto’s desire to Africanise names was prevented by the Portuguese
(C) As a dictator Mobuto ordered the Portuguese to alter the name of the river to Zaire
(D) Mobuto was not entirely successful in Africanising the name of his country
Sol. The passage in the context lists the alteration of the names given to the river after which
Congo was named. The nomenclature passed through many Portuguese adulteration. Option
(D) stands true to the idea as the Africanizing mission of Mobuto was restricted by the
ignorance of the history of names. Option (A) has to be eliminated as the answer choice as
Nzadi o Nzere, as mentioned in the passage, is an original African name given to the river.
The Portuguese derived Zaire from the former, which was later adopted by the dictator of
Congo. Options (B) and (C) have to be deleted as the Portuguese had no direct involvement
in the decision of the present, only their colonial infiltration played a role. Choice (D)
10. A firm hires employees at five different skill levels P, Q, R, S, T. The shares of employment
at these skill levels of total employment in 2010 is given in the pie chart as shown. There were
a total of 600 employees in 2010 and the total employment increased by 15% from 2010 to
2016. The total employment at skill levels P, Q and R remained unchanged during this period.
If the employment at skill level S increased by 40% from 2010 to 2016, how many employees
were there at skill level T in 2016?
Percentage share of skills in 2010

(A) 35 (B) 72 (C) 60 (D) 30

GATE-2019 ORIGINAL PAPER – ME/3

Sol. Total employment in the firm in 2016
= 600 × 1.15 = 690
The table given below gives details of the employment in different skill levels
Year 2010 Year 2016
P 120 120
Q 150 150
R 150 150
S 150 A (say)
T 30 B (say)
Total 600 690

Clearly, A + B = 690 – (120 + 150 + 150) = 270

Given A = 150 × 1.4 = 210
Required answer: B = 270 – 210 = 60 Choice (C)

MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
Q. 1 – Q. 25 carry one mark each.
1. As per common design practice, the three types of hydraulic turbines, in descending order of
flow rate, are
(A) Francis, Kaplan, Pelton
(B) Kaplan, Francis, Pelton
(C) Pelton, Francis, Kaplan
(D) Pelton, Kaplan, Francis
Sol. Kaplan Turbine has low head and high discharge.
Francis Turbine has medium head and medium discharge.
Pelton turbine has high head and low discharge. Choice (B)

2. A parabola x = y2 with 0  x  1 is shown in the figure. The volume of the solid of rotation
obtained by rotating the shaded area by 360° around the x-axis is
π
(A)
4
(B) 2
π
(C)
2
(D) 

1
Sol. The volume of the solid of rotation of given shaded area = V = ∫0 πy 2 dx
1
= ∫0  x dx
1
πx2
= 2
]
0
π
= 2

1
Choice (C)
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GATE-2019 ORIGINAL PAPER – ME/5
 4
3. Water flows through a pipe with a velocity given by ⃗V = ( + x + y) ĵ m/s, where ĵ is the unit
t
vector in the y direction, t (> 0) is in seconds, and x and y are in meters. The magnitude of
total acceleration at the point (x, y) = (1, 1) at t = 2 s is _____ m/s2.

Sol. Given V ⃗ = (4 + x + y) ĵ m/s

t
(x, y) = (1, 1)
t = 2s
4
v = ( + x + y)
t
Total acceleration will be equal to acceleration in y direction only
v v v v
So ay = u + v +w +
x y z t
v
y
=1
v –4
t
= t2
4 –4
So ay = ( t + x + y) (1) + t2
4 4
(ay)(1, 1, t = 2) = ( + 1 + 1) –
2 4
ay = 3 m/s2 Ans: 3
4. Consider the stress-strain curve for an ideal elastic-plastic strain hardening metal as shown
in the figure. The metal was loaded in uniaxial tension starting from O. Upon loading, the
stress-strain curve passes through initial yield point at P, and then strain hardens to point Q,
where the loading was stopped. From point Q, the specimen was unloaded to point R, where
the stress is zero. If the same specimen is reloaded in tension from point R, the value of stress
at which the material yields again ______ MPa.

Sol. The value of stress at which the material yield again is 210 MPa. Because of strain hardening
the yield strength is increased. Ans: 210
5. The table presents the demand of a product. By simple three-months moving average
method, the demand-forecast of the product for the month of September is
Month Demand
January 450
February 440
March 460
April 510
May 520
June 495
July 475
August 560
(A) 490 (B) 536.67 (C) 510 (D) 530

GATE-2019 ORIGINAL PAPER – ME/6

Sol. Forecast for the month of September using three month moving average
DAug + DJuly + DJune
FSept =
3
560 + 475 + 495
=
3
= 510 Choice (C)

6. The natural frequencies corresponding to the spring-mass systems I and II are I and II,
ω
respectively. The ratio ω I is
II

(A) 2
1
(B)
2
(C) 4
1
(D)
4

Sol.

1 1 1 2
keq
=k+k= k
k
keq = 2

k
1 = √2m

2k
2 = √ m

1 k/2m 1 1
2
= √2k/m = √4 = 2
1
= 0.5 Choice (B)
2

GATE-2019 ORIGINAL PAPER – ME/7

7. The lengths of a large stock of titanium rods follow a normal distribution with a mean () of
440 mm and a standard deviation () of 1 mm. What is the percentage of rods whose lengths
lie between 438 mm and 441 mm?
(A) 81.85%
(B) 99.75%
(C) 68.4%
(D) 86.64%

Sol.  = 400 mm
UL = 441 (mm)
 = 1 mm
LL = 438 (mm)
(Z–) (441–440)
Upper limit = 
= 1
=1
(Z–) (438–440)
Lower limit = 
= 1
= –2

Hence total percentage of rods in between 438 mm & 441 mm

= P(Z – 1) – P(Z – 2)
= 0.3413 + (0.5 – 0.0228)
= 0.81854 = 81.85%

Choice (A)

8. A cylindrical rod of diameter 10 mm and length 1.0 m is fixed at one end. The other end is
twisted by an angle of 10° by applying a torque. If the maximum shear strain in the rod is p x
10–3, then p is equal to ______ (round off to two decimal places).

Sol. Given data

d = 10 (mm)  R = 5(mm)
l=1m
= P × 10–3
π π
θ = 10° = 10 × 180 = 18 rad
T τmax Gθ
= =
J R L
τmax Rθ max
G
= L
[∵ max = G
]

GATE-2019 ORIGINAL PAPER – ME/8

 Rθ
max = L
5×π
max =
18 ×1000
= 0.87 × 10–3
As given in the question ( max = P × 10–3)
So, P = 0.87 Ans: 0.87
4
9. Evaluation of ∫2 x 3 dx using a 2-equal-segment trapezoidal rule gives a value of _____

Sol. Let y = x3
Number of sub intervals = n = 2
Here a = 2, b = 4 and n = 2
b–a 4 –2
h= n
= 2
=1

x = xi 2 3 4
y = yi 8 27 64
By trapezoidal rule, we have
4 4 h
∫2 x 3 dx = ∫2 y dx = 2[y0 + 2y1 + y2]
1
= [8 + 2  27 + 64]
2
= 63 Ans : 63
dy
10. For the equation dx + 7x2y = 0, if y(0) = 3/7, then the value of y(1) is
7 −3⁄
(A) e 7
3
3 −3⁄
(B) e 7
7
3 −7⁄
(C) e 3
7
7 −7⁄
(D) e 3
3
dy
Sol. Given + 7x2y = 0  (1)
dx
3 dy
where y(0) = 7  dx = – 7x2y
1 1
 dy = –7x2dx ∫ dy = –∫ 7x 2 dx
y y
–7 3
–7 3
 lny = 3
x +C  y = C1e 3 x  (2)
3
Given y(0) = 7
–7
3 ×03 3
 From (2), = C1e 3  C1 =
7 7
–7 3
3 x
 The solution of (1) is y = 7 e 3
–7
3
 y(1) = e 3 Choice (C)
7
11. Air of mass 1 kg, initially at 300 K and 10 bar, is allowed to expand isothermally till it reaches
a pressure of 1 bar. Assuming air as an ideal gas with gas constant of 0.287 kJ/kgK, the
change in entropy of air (in kJ/kg.K, round off to two decimal places) is _______.
Sol. Mass = 1 kg
T1 = 300 K
P1 = 10 bar
P2 = 1 bar
GATE-2019 ORIGINAL PAPER – ME/9
 R = 0.287 kJ/kg-K
T P
S2 – S1 = Cp ln T2 – R ln P2
1 1
For isothermal process T1 = T2
P 1
S2 – S1 = – R ln P2 = – 0.287 ln 10 = 0.66 kJ/kg–K Ans: 0.66
1

12. During a high cycle fatigue test, a metallic specimen is subjected to cyclic loading with a mean
stress of +140MPa, and a minimum stress of -70 MPa. The R-ratio (minimum stress to
maximum stress) for this cyclic loading is ____ (round off to one decimal place)

Sol. Given data

σmin = 70 MPa (Compressive) = (–)70
σmean = 140 MPa
σ +σ
σmean = max 2 min
140 × 2 = σmax – 70
σmax = 280 + 70 = 350 MPa
σmin (−)70
= = –0.2
σmax 350
σmin
σmax
= –0.2 Ans: –0.2

⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ of point P (20, 10) is rotated anti-clockwise in X-Y plane by an angle

13. The position vector OP
 = 30° such that point P occupies position Q, as shown in figure. The coordinates (x, y) of Q
are

(A) (22.32, 8.26)

(B) (18.66, 12.32)
(C) (13.40, 22.32)
(D) (12.32, 18.66)

Sol. tan 10
1 
20
 10 
1  tan 1 
 20 

𝜑1 = 26.565
y
tan (   1) =
x
y
tan (30 + 26.565) =
x
y
1.514 =
x

GATE-2019 ORIGINAL PAPER – ME/10

GATE-2019 ORIGINAL PAPER – ME/11
 Y Q(x, y)

X
Y
from, given option 18.66  1.514 
 12.32 
option D is matched. Choice (D)

14. A flat-faced follower is driven using a circular eccentric cam rotating at a constant angular
velocity . At time t = 0, the vertical position of the follower is y(0) = 0, and the system is in
the configuration shown below.

The vertical position of the follower face, y(t) given by

(A) e sin t
(B) e (1 – cos t)
(C) e (1 + cos 2t)
(D) e sin 2t
Sol. Let r = radius of circle
at t = 0, follower is at X
at t = t, follower is at X1
X
X1
Y
B
Z e
A

GATE-2019 ORIGINAL PAPER – ME/12

 Displacement of follower = XX1
X1X = BX1 – BX
BX1 = YZ = AY –AZ
ZAB = X1BX = 
 BX1 = r – AB cos 
= r – e cos 
BX = r –e
 X1X = r – e cos  – r + e
X1X = e (1 – cos )
X1X = e (1 – cos t) Choice (A)

1 1 0
15. Consider the matrix P = [0 1 1]
0 0 1
The number of distinct eigenvalues of P is
(A) 2 (B) 3 (C) 0 (D) 1
1 1 0
Sol. Given P = [0 1 1]
0 0 1
 P is an upper triangular matrix,
The eigen values of P = The principal diagonal elements of P = 1, 1, 1
 The number of distinct eigen values of P = 1. Choice (D)
16. A slender rod of length L, diameter d (L >> d) and thermal conductivity k1 is joined with another
rod of identical dimensions, but of thermal conductivity k2, to form a composite cylindrical rod
of length 2L. The heat transfer in radial direction and contact resistance are negligible. The
effective thermal conductivity of the composite rod is
k1 k2 2k1 k2
(A) √k1 k 2 (B) (C) k1 + k2 (D)
k1 + k2 k1 + k2

Sol.
1 2

L L
L L
R th1 = k +k
1A 2A

2L
2L
R th2 = kA
2L L L
kA
=k +k
1A 2A

2 1 1
k
=k +k
1 2
2k1 k2
k=k Choice (D)
1 + k2

GATE-2019 ORIGINAL PAPER – ME/13

17. A solid cube of side 1 m is kept at a room temperature of 32°C. The coefficient of linear thermal
expansion of the cube material is 1 x 10–5/°C and the bulk modulus is 200 GPa. If the cube is
constrained all around and heated uniformly to 42°C, then the magnitude of volumetric (mean)
stress (in MPa) induced due to heating is ______.

Sol. Solid cube is constrained in all the direction

So, it is the case of hydrostatic state of stress.
v = x + y + z (∵x = y = z =   T)
v = 3   T––– (1)
σ
v = KV ––––– (2)
From (1) & (2) eqn
σV = 3k   T
= 3 × 200 × 103 × 1 × 10–5 × (42 – 32)
σV = 60 MPa Ans: 60

18. A spur gear with 20° full depth teeth is transmitting 20 kW at 200 rad/s. The pitch circle
diameter of the gear is 100 mm. The magnitude of the force applied on the gear in the radial
direction is
(A) 0.73 kN (B) 0.36 kN (C) 1.39 kN (D) 2.78 kN

Sol. ø = 20
P = 20 kW
ω = 200 rad’s
D = 100 m
P=T×ω
20 × 103 = T × 200
T = Ft × r
2T 2 × 100
Ft = D = 100 ×10–3 = 2 kN
Radial force,
Fr = Ft × Tanø
= 2 × Tan20
= 0.73 kN Choice (A)

19. In a casting process, a vertical channel through which molten metal flows downward from
pouring basin to runner for reaching the mold cavity is called
(A) sprue (B) pin hole
(C) riser (D) blister

Sol. Sprue  It is a vertical channel through which molten metal flow to the mould cavity.

Choice (A)

GATE-2019 ORIGINAL PAPER – ME/14

20. During a non-flow thermodynamic process (1-2) executed by a perfect gas, the heat
interaction is equal to the work interaction (Q1-2 = W1-2) when the process is
(A) Isothermal
(B) Isentropic
(C) Adiabatic
(D) Polytropic

Sol. From 1st law of thermodynamics for a non-flow system

 Q = U + W
For perfect gas undergoing isothermal process only U = 0 as internal energy is a function of
temperature only.
Hence Q1-2 = W 1-2 for isothermal process only. Choice (A)

21. For a hydrodynamically and thermally fully developed laminar flow through a circular pipe of
constant cross-section, the Nusselt number at constant wall heat flux (Nuq) and that at
constant wall temperature (NuT) are related as
(A) Nuq = (NuT)2
(B) Nuq > NuT
(C) Nuq < NuT
(D) Nuq = NuT

Sol. Nuq = 4.36, NuT = 3.66

 Nuq > NuT Choice (B)

22. A block of mass 10 kg rests on a horizontal floor. The acceleration due to gravity is 9.81 m/s2.
The coefficient of static friction between the floor and the block is 0.2. A horizontal force of 10
N is applied on the block as shown in the figure. The magnitude of force of friction (in N) on
the block is ____.

Sol.

RN = W = mg = 10  9.81 = 98.1 N
Maximum static friction = SRN
= 0.2  98.1
= 19.62 N
Applied force < max static frictional force between block and surface
Force of friction = 10 N (static friction is self adjusting force) Ans: 10

GATE-2019 ORIGINAL PAPER – ME/15

23. Consider an ideal vapor compression refrigeration cycle. If the throttling process is replaced
by an isentropic expansion process, keeping all the other processes unchanged, which one
of the following statements is true for the modified cycle?
(A) Refrigerating effect is lower than that of the original cycle.
(B) Coefficient of performance is higher than that of the original cycle
(C) Coefficient of performance is lower than that of the original cycle
(D) Coefficient of performance is the same as that of the original cycle
Sol.

Original Cycle

Modified Cycle

Desired effect
COP =
work input

As from modified cycle desired effect

= (h1 – h4) > (h1 – h4)
Also network input = (h2 – h1) – (h3 – h4)
Hence desired effect increased
Network input decreased
COP increased Choice (B)

24. Which one of the following welding methods provides the highest heat flux (W/mm2)?
(A) Oxy-acetylene gas welding
(B) Laser beam welding
(C) Plasma arc welding
(D) Tungsten inert gas welding

Sol. The highest heat flux is provided by laser beam welding because of maximum intensity and
area is minimum.
The value is around 1  106 W/mm2 Choice (B)

GATE-2019 ORIGINAL PAPER – ME/16

GATE-2019 ORIGINAL PAPER – ME/17
25. The length, width and thickness of a steel are 400 mm, 40 mm and 20 mm, respectively. Its
thickness needs to be uniformly reduced by 2 mm in a single pass by using horizontal slab
milling. The milling cutter (diameter: 100 mm, width:50 mm) has 20 teeth and rotates at 120
rpm. The feed tooth is 0.05 mm. The feed direction is along the length of the sample. If the
over-travel distance is the same as the approach distance, the approach distance and time
taken to complete the required machining task are
(A) 21 mm, 39.4 s
(B) 14 mm, 21.4 s
(C) 14 mm, 18.4 s
(D) 21 mm, 28.9 s

Sol. Given data

Cutter diameter [D = 100 mm]
Cutter width = 50 mm
No. of teeth (z) = 20
Rotational speed = 1200 (rpm)
Feed per tooth = 0.05 mm

20 mm

400 mm

A = √d(D − d) = √2[100 − 2] = √98 × 2

= √196
[A = 14 mm]
L + A + OT
Time taken for Machining =
Ft + × Z × N

14 + 400 + 14
[∵ A = OT = 14] = 20 × 1200 × 0.05

= 0.35 min
Time taken = 21.4 (sec) Choice (B)

Q. 26 – Q. 55 carry two marks each.

26. Two immiscible, incompressible, viscous fluids having same densities but different viscosities
are contained between two infinite horizontal parallel plates, 2 m apart as shown below. The
bottom place is fixed and the upper plate moves to the right with a constant velocity of 3 m/s.
With the assumptions of Newtonian fluid, steady, and fully developed laminar flow with zero
pressure gradient in all directions, the momentum equations simplify to
d2 u
dy2
=0

If the dynamic viscosity of the lower fluid, 2, is twice that of fluid, 1, then the velocity at the
interface (round off to two decimal places) is ______ m/s.

GATE-2019 ORIGINAL PAPER – ME/18

Sol.

2 u
Given velocity profile  y2 = 0
u
= C1
y
U = C1y + C2
As u is linear function of y we can assume linear velocity profile between plates
τ1 = τ2
2 Vi 1 (V – Vi )
=
h2 h1
Vi is interface velocity, also 2 = 21
2 1 Vi 1 (V – Vi )
So, =
h2 h1
2 3–Vi
1
= 1
Vi = 1 m/s Ans: 1
27. The rotor of a turbojet engine of an aircraft has a mass 180 kg and polar moment of inertia
10 kg.m2 about the rotor axis. The rotor rotates at a constant speed of 1100 rad/s in the
clockwise direction when viewed from the front of the aircraft. The aircraft while flying at a
speed of 800 km per hour takes a turn with a radius of 1.5 km to the left. The gyroscopic
moment exerted by the rotor on the aircraft structure and the direction of motion of the nose
when the aircraft turns, are
(A) 1629.6 N m and the nose goes up
(B) 1629.6 N m and the nose goes down
(C) 162.9 N m and the nose goes down
(D) 162.9 N m and the nose goes up
Sol.

M = 180 kg
I = 10 KG – m2
ω = 1100 radls
R = 1.5 km
R = 1500 m
5
V = 800 km / hr = 800 × 18

GATE-2019 ORIGINAL PAPER – ME/19

 V
ωp = R = 0.14814 = 1629.7 Nm
Active gyroscopic couple direction clockwise in vertical plane looking from the left side of the
aircraft Choice (B)

28. A car having weight W is moving in the direction as shown in the figure. The center of gravity
(CG) of the car is located at height h from the ground, midway between the front and rear
wheels. The distance between the front and rear wheels is l. The acceleration of the car is a,
and acceleration due to gravity is g. The reactions on the front wheels (Rf) and rear wheels
(Rr) are given by

W W h
(A) Rf = Rr = 2
+ g
(ℓ) a
W W h W W h
(B) Rf = − ( ℓ ) a ; Rr = + (ℓ) a
2 g 2 g
W W h W W h
(C) Rf = 2
+ g
(ℓ) a ; 2
− g
(ℓ) a
W W h
(D) Rf = Rr = 2
− g
(ℓ) a

Sol.

Inertia Force = ma
W
= a
g
By considering equilibrium
1) V = 0  Rr + Rf = W
2) MB = 0
– Ma x h – Rf  L + W  L/2 = 0
WL
RfL = 2 – Mah
W W h
Rf = 2
– g
(L) a
Rr = W – Rf
W W h
Rr = W – 2 + g
(L) a
W W h
Rr = 2
+ g
(L) a Choice (B)

GATE-2019 ORIGINAL PAPER – ME/20

29. Five jobs (J1, J2, J3, J4 and J5) need to be processed in a factory. Each job can be assigned
to any of the five different machines (M1, M2, M3 and M5). The time durations taken (in
minutes) by the machines for each of the job, are given in the table. However, each job is
assigned to a specific machine in such a way that the total processing time is minimum. The
total processing time is ______ minutes.

M1 M2 M3 M4 M5
J1 40 30 50 50 58
J2 26 38 60 26 38
J3 40 34 28 24 30
J4 28 40 40 32 38
J5 28 32 38 22 44
Sol. Given assignment matrix is

M1 M2 M3 M4 M5
J1 40 30 50 50 58
J2 26 38 60 26 38
J3 40 34 28 24 30
J4 28 40 40 32 48
J5 28 32 38 22 44

Subtracting the least element of every row from all the elements of that row, we have
10 0 20 20 28
0 12 34 0 12
16 10 4 0 6
0 12 12 4 20
6 10 16 0 22

Subtracting the least element of every column from all the elements of that column and then
making the assignments, we get

10 00 16 20 22

0 12 30 0 6

16 10 00 0 0

0 12 8 4 14
0
6 10 12 0 16
0

As there is no assignment in second row and fifth column, this is not an optimal assignment.
Draw the least possible number of lines that cover all the zeros as shown in the above matrix.
Choose the least value among the values in the cells where no line passing (Such a value is
6 in cell (2, 5)).
(i) Add it to the cells where intersection of two lines is there.

GATE-2019 ORIGINAL PAPER – ME/21

 (ii) Subtract it from the cells where no line is passing.
Then we get

16 00 16 26 22

0 6 24 0 00

22 10 00 6 0

00 6 2 4 8

6 4 6 00 10

Making the assignments in the above matrix, we have

The optimal assignment is J1 – M2, J2 – M6, J3 – M3, J4 – M1 and J5 – M4
Minimum total processing time = 30 + 38 + 28 + 28 + 22
=146 minutes Ans: 146

30. A uniform thin disk of mass 1 kg and radius 0.1 m is kept on a surface as shown in the figure.
A spring of stiffness k1 = 400 N/m is connected to the disk center A and another spring of
stiffness k2 = 100 N/m is connected at pint B just above point A on the circumference of the
disk. Initially, both the springs are unstretched. Assume pure rolling of the disk. For small
disturbance from the equilibrium, the natural frequency of vibration of the system is _____
rad/s (round off to one decimal place).

Sol. m = 1 kg
R = 0.1 m
k1 = 400 N/m
k2 = 100 N/m
Torque equation about point ‘0’
I ̈ + (k1  r  ) r + (k2  2r  ) 2r =0
mr2
I about ‘0’ = 2
+ mr2
3
I = 2 mr2
3
[2 mr2 ] ̈ + [k1r2 + k2(4r2)] = 0
k1 r2 + 4k2 r2
n = √ 3
mr2
2
400×0.22 +4×100×0.22
n = √ 1.5×1×0.22
n = 23.094 rad/s Ans: 23.09

GATE-2019 ORIGINAL PAPER – ME/22

GATE-2019 ORIGINAL PAPER – ME/23
31. A gas turbine with air as the working fluid has an isentropic efficiency of 0.70 when operating
at a pressure ratio of 3. Now, the pressure ratio of the turbine is increased to 5, while
maintaining the same inlet conditions. Assume air as a perfect gas with specific heat ratio
 = 1.4. If the specific work output remains the same for both the case, the isentropic efficiency
of the turbine at the pressure ratio of 5 is ______ (round off to two decimal places)
Sol.

Cycle 1 S

S
Cycle 2

Given T3 same for both cycle

(rp)1 = 3
(rp)2 = 5
(T)1 = 0.7
1.4–1
T3
= (3) 1.4
T4
T3
T4 =
1.368
1.4–1
T3
T5
= (5) 1.4

T
3
T5 = 1.583
Cp (T3 – T4 )
(T)1 = = 0.7
Cp (T3 – T4 )
Cp (T3 – T5 )
(T)2 =
Cp (T3 – T5 )

Given (W T)1 = (W T)2

(T)1 × (T3 – T4) = (T)2 (T3 – T5)
3 T 3 T
0.7(T3 − 1.368 )= (T)2 (T3 − 1.583 )
(T)2 = 0.51 Ans: 0.51

GATE-2019 ORIGINAL PAPER – ME/24

32. The wall of a constant diameter pipe of length 1 m is heated uniformly with flux q” by wrapping
a heater coil around it. The flow at the inlet to the pipe is hydrodynamically fully developed. The
fluid is incompressible and the flow is assumed to be laminar and steady all through the pipe.
The bulk temperature of the fluid is equal to 0°C at the inlet and 50°C at the exit. The wall
temperatures are measured at three locations, P, Q and R as shown in the figure. The flow
thermally develops after some distance from the inlet. The following measurements are made:

Point P Q R
Wall Temp(°C) 50 80 90

Among the locations P, Q and R, the flow is thermally developed at

(A) Q and R only
(B) P, Q and R
(C) P and Q only
(D) R only
Sol. Full
developed Ts
T Entrance region
region
Te

Ts – Tm = Constant

Ti

O L

∵ q ṡ is constant

q′′
Ts – Tm = h
 Ts – Tm = Constant

[∵ h is constant in fully developed region]

In fully developed region, the surface temperature Ts increases linearly. From locations Q and
R Ts is varying linearly. Choice (A)

GATE-2019 ORIGINAL PAPER – ME/25

33. In ASA system, the side cutting and end cutting edge angles of a sharp turning tool are 45°
and 10°, respectively. The feed during cylindrical turning is 0.1 mm/rev. The center line
average surface roughness (in m, round off to one decimal place) of the generated surface
is ____.

Sol. Side cutting Edge Angle (SCEA) = 45°

End cutting Edge Angle [ECEA] = 10°
Feed = 0.1mm/rev
h (Max peak to valley Roughness)
f
= tan(SCEA)+cot(ECEA)
h
The center line average (CLA) =
4
h f
CLA = =
4 4[tan(SCEA) + cot(ECEA)]
0.1
CLA = 4[tan45° + cot10°] = 0.00375(mm)

CLA = 3.75(m) Ans: 3.75

34. In a four bar planar mechanism shown in the figure, AB = 5 cm, AD = 4 cm and DC = 2 cm.
In the configuration shown, both AB and DC are perpendicular to AD. The bar AB rotates with
an angular velocity of 10 rad/s. The magnitude of angular velocity (in rad/s) of bar DC ai this
instant is

(A) 10
(B) 0
(C) 25
(D) 15

Sol. Velocity diagram

VC = VB = (AB) × AB = (0.05 × 10)m/s
VC 0.05×10
CD = = = 25 rad/s Choice (C)
VD 0.02

35. Three slabs are joined together as shown in the figure. There is no thermal contact resistance
at the interfaces. The center slab experiences a non-uniform internal heat generation with an
average value equal to 10000 Wm–3, while the left and right slabs no internal heat generation.
All slabs have thickness equal to 1 m and thermal conductivity of each slab is equal to 5 Wm–
1K–1. The two extreme faces are exposed to fluid with heat transfer coefficient 100 Wm–2 K–1 and

bulk temperature 30°C as shown. The heat transfer in the slabs is assumed to be one
dimensional and steady, and all properties are constant. If the left extreme face temperature
T1 is measured to be 100°C, the right extreme face temperature T2 is ________ °C.

GATE-2019 ORIGINAL PAPER – ME/26

Sol. q ġ = 10000 W/m3
Q ̇g 10000 x 1 x 1 = 10000 W

T1
T2
1 3 2
h1, h2,
T1 T2
̇
Q cond,1 ̇
= Q conv,1
̇
Q cond,1 = h1A1(100 – 30)
= 100 x 70 = 7000 W
̇
Q cond,2 = h2A2(T2 – T2 )
= 100 x (T2 – 30)
̇ ̇
Q g = Q cond,1 ̇
+ Q cond,2
10000 = 7000 + 100 x (T2 – 30)
T2 – 30 = 30
T2 = 60°C Ans: 60

36. The variable x takes a value between 0 and 10 with uniform probability distribution. The
variable y takes a value between 0 and 20 with uniform probability distribution. The probability
of the sum of variables (x + y) being greater than 20 is
(A) 0.33 (B) 0.50 (C) 0.25 (D) 0

Sol. Consider x values on x-axis and y values on y-axis

GATE-2019 ORIGINAL PAPER – ME/27

 0  x  10 and 0  y  20
BD is the line x + y = 20
 The probability of the sum of variables (x + y) being greater than 20
Area of the triangle BCE
= P(x + y  20) = Area of the rectangle OABC
1
× 10 × 10
=2 10 × 20
= 0.25. Choice (C)

37. At a critical point in a component, the state of stress is given as xx = 100 MPa, yy = 220
MPa, yx = xy = 80 MPa and all other stress components are zero. The yield strength of the
material is 468 MPa. The factor of safety on the basis of maximum shear stress theory is
______ (round off to one decimal place).

Sol. Given σxx = 100 mpa

σyy = 220 mpa
Shear stress σxy = σyx = 80 mpa

1 σx – σy 2
σ1,2 = 2 [(σx + σy ) ± [√( 2
) + σxy 2 ]

1 100−220 2
= [100 + 220 ± [√( ) + 802] ]
2 2

σ1,2 = 160 ± 100

σ1 = 260 Mpa, σ2 = 60 Mpa.
According to Guest & tresca theory.
σ1 − σ2 σ1 σ2
τmax = largest of [ , , ]
2 2 2
σ1
τmax = 2

syt σ1
[2 ×Fos] = 2

σyt 468
[Fos = σ1
= 200
= 1.8] Ans: 1.8

38. Consider a prismatic straight beam of length L =  m, pinned at the two ends as shown in the
figure. The beam has a square cross-section of side p = 6 mm. The Young’s modulus E =
200 GPa, and the coefficient of thermal expansion  = 3 x 10–6 K–1. The minimum temperature
rise required to cause Euler buckling of the beam is ______ K.

Sol. Given data

L = m
a = 6 mm (Side)
E = 200 GPa
 = 3 x 10 –6/K
For buckling occurs:

GATE-2019 ORIGINAL PAPER – ME/28

 R R

Reaction offered by support = Euler load

R = Pe
2 E a4 π2 E Imin
T E A = 12(L 2 [pe = (Le )2
]
e)

Le =  L [∵  = 1]
2 a2
T =
∝ ×12 × (1000)2 × 2
36
T = 12 × 3 × 10–6 × 106 = 1 K
Change in temperature is 1 K
Ans: 1
39. A cube of side 100 mm is placed at the bottom of an empty container on one of its faces. The
density of the material of the cube is 800 kg/m3. Liquid of density 1000 kg/m3 is now poured
into the container. The minimum height to which the liquid needs to be poured into the
container for the cube to just lift up is _____ mm.

Sol.

Initially

Finally

For the cube block to just lift while pouring water

FB = W [R =0]
(0.1)2 h 1000 × g = (0.1)3 × 800 × g
h = 0.08 m
h = 80 mm Ans: 80

GATE-2019 ORIGINAL PAPER – ME/29

40. A project consists of six activities. The immediate predecessor of each activity and the
estimated duration is also provided in the table below:

Immediate Estimated duration

Activity
predecessor (weeks)
P - 5
Q - 1
R Q 2
S P, R 4
T P 6
U S, T 3
If all activities other than S take the estimated amount of time, the maximum duration (in
weeks) of the activity S without delaying the completion of the project is ________.

Sol. The network diagram of the given project is

 The maximum duration of the activity S without delaying the completion of the project
= LAt node 5 – EAt node 4
= 11 – 5
= 6 Weeks Ans: 6

41. In a UTM experiment, a sample of length 100 mm, was loaded in tension until failure. The
failure load was 40 kN. The displacement, measured using the cross-head motion, at failure,
was 15 mm. The compliance of the UTM is constant and is given by 5 x 10–8 m/N. The strain
at failure in the sample is ______ %.
Sol. Given data
In UTM experiment
L = 100 mm
P = 40 kN
L
Compliance of UTM = AE = 5  10 – 8 m/N
PL
(δL) = AE
δL P×L P
Strain ( L ) = AE ×L
= L
× 5 × 10−8
40 ×10 3 × 5 ×10−8
Strain = 100× 10–3

Strain = 2  10–2
Strain (%) = 2  10–2  100
Strain = 2% Ans: 2

GATE-2019 ORIGINAL PAPER – ME/30

42. Taylor’s tool life equation is given by VTn = C, where V is in m/min and T is in min. In a turning
operation, two tools X and Y are used. For tool X, n = 0.3 and C = 60 and for tool Y, n = 0.6
and C = 90. Both the tools will have the same tool life for the cutting speed (in m/min, round
off to one decimal place) of _____

Sol. For tool ‘x’  Vx Tx0.3 = 60

For tool ‘y’  Vy Ty0.6 = 90
Vx Tx0.3 = 60
1
60 0.3
Tx = [ v ] ––––– (I)
x

Vy Ty0.6 = 90
1
90 0.6
T y = [v ] ––––– (II)
y
Vx = V y = V

Velocity Vx = Vy

Tx = T y
Tool life
From (I) & (II)
1 1
60 0.3 90 0.6
[v ] = [V ]
x y
1
1 1
– [90]0.6
[V] 0.6 0.3 = 1
[60]0.3
1 1807.46
V1.66
= 845611.41

V = 40.60 (m/min) Ans: 40.60

43. A truss is composed of members AB, BC, CD, AD and BD, as shown in the figure. A vertical
load of 10 kN is applied at point D. The magnitude of force (in kN) in the member BC is ____.

GATE-2019 ORIGINAL PAPER – ME/31

Sol.
10 kN
D

A C
RA RC

RA = RC = 5 kN

Consider joint D

FAD 10 FDC
= =
sin135 sin90 sin135

FDC = 5√2 kN (compression)

Consider joint C

FDC

45
C
FBC
RC

FBC = FDC cos 45

= 5√2 cos 45
= 5 kN (Tension) Ans: 5

44. Consider an elastic straight beam of length L = 10 m, with square cross-section of side a =
5 mm, and Young’s modulus E = 200 GPa. This straight beam was bent in such a way that
the two ends meet, to form a circle of mean radius R. Assuming that Euler-Bernoulli beam
theory is applicable to this bending problem, the maximum tensile bending stress in the bent
beam is ____ MPa.

GATE-2019 ORIGINAL PAPER – ME/32

Sol. Given data
L = 10 (m), a = 5mm, E = 200GPa
As given in the question beam is bent in form a circle
(perimeter = Length of wire)
2R = 10  R = 5m
EY 200 × 103 × a a
σb = R
= 2 ×5
[∵Y = 2]
200 × 103 × 5
σb = 2 × 103 × 5
= 100 MPa. Ans: 100

45. If one mole of H2 has occupies a rigid container with a capacity of 1000 litres and the
temperature is raised from 27°C to 37°C, the change in pressure of the contained gas (round
off to two decimal places), assuming ideal gas behavior, is _____ Pa. (R = 8.314 J/mol K)
Sol. Given n=1
V = 1000 L = 1m3,
T1 = 300 K, T2 = 310 K
R = 8.314 J/mol-K
From ideal gas equation P1V = nRT1
P1 × 1 = 1 × 8.314 × 300
P1 = 2494.2 Pa
Again, P2V = nRT2
P2 × 1 = 18.314 × 310
P2 = 2577.34 Pa
P2 – P1 = 83.14 Pa Ans: 83.14
46. A harmonic function is analytical if it is satisfies the Laplace equation.
If u(x, y) = 2x2 – 2y2 + 4xy is a harmonic function, then its conjugate harmonic function v(x, y) is
(A) 4xy – 2x2 + 2y2 + constant
(B) 2x2 – 2y2 + x y + constant
(C) –4xy + 2y2 – 2x2 + constant
(D) 4y2 – 4xy + constant
Sol. Given u(x, y) = 2x2 – 2y2 + 4xy
The harmonic conjugate function v(x, y) of u(x, y) is the imaginary part of the analytic function
f(z) = u(x, y) + iv(x, y)  (1)
for which u(x, y) is the real part.
u(x, y) = 2x2 – 2y2 + 4xy
∂u
 = 4x + 4y
∂x
∂u
and ∂y = – 4y + 4x
From Cauchy-Reimann equations,
∂v –∂u
= = 4y – 4x
∂x ∂y
∂v ∂u
and = = 4x + 4y
∂y ∂x
𝜕𝑣 𝜕𝑣
We know that the exact differential of v(x, y) is dv = 𝜕𝑥dx + 𝜕𝑦dy
= (4y – 4x) dx + (4x + 4y)dy
= 4ydx – 4xdx + 4xdy + 4ydy
 dv = 4(ydx + xdy) + 2(–2xdx + 2ydy)
Integrating on both sides, we get
v(x, y) = 4xy + 2(–x2 + y2) + constant
= 4xy – 2x2 + 2y2 + constant Choice (A)

GATE-2019 ORIGINAL PAPER – ME/33

47. The value of the following definite integral is ____ (round of to three decimal places)
e
∫1 (x ln x) dx
e
e x2 e x2 1
Sol. ∫1 x lnxdx = (lnx) ] – ∫1 ( ) ( ) dx
2 2 1x
x2 ex
= lnx]1e– ∫1 dx
2 2
e
x2 x2
= 2
lnx – 4 1
]
e2 e2 12 12
=(
2
lne –
4
) – ( 2 ln 1 – 4
)
e2 e2 1 e2 + 1
= 2
– 4
+4 = 4
= 2.097 Ans : 2.097

48. In orthogonal turning of a cylindrical tube of wall thickness 5 mm, the axial and the tangential
cutting forces were measured as 1259 N and 1601 N, respectively. The measured chip
thickness after machining was found to be 0.3 mm. The rake angle was 10° and the axial feed
was 100 mm/min. The rotational speed of the spindle was 1000 rpm. Assuming the material to
be perfectly plastic and Merchant’s first solution, the shear strength of the material is closest to
(A) 920 MPa
(B) 875 MPa
(C) 722 MPa
(D) 200 MPa

Sol.

In orthogonal turning
Principle cutting edge angle () = 90º
Depth of cut (d) = wall thickness = 5mm
F
Fx = 1259  Ft = sinx  = 1259
fz = 1601
Fc = fz = 1601 N
d
b= = 5 mm
sin 
 = 10º
100 100
f = 100 (mm/min) = = (mm)
N 1000
f = 0.1 mm

GATE-2019 ORIGINAL PAPER – ME/34

 𝑡 0.1
t = f sin  = 0.1 {𝑟 = = = 0.33}
𝑡𝑐 0.3
𝑟 𝑐𝑜𝑠 0.33 𝑐𝑜𝑠 10
tan = 1−𝑟𝑠𝑖𝑛 =1−0.33 𝑠𝑖𝑛10  ( = 19.02)
𝐹 𝐹𝑠 (𝑠𝑖𝑛)
s = 𝐴𝑠 = 𝑏𝑡
𝑠

[𝐹𝑐 (𝑐𝑜𝑠)–𝐹𝑡 (𝑠𝑖𝑛)]×𝑠𝑖𝑛

s = 𝑏𝑡
[1601(𝑐𝑜𝑠 19.02)−1259𝑠𝑖𝑛(19.02)]×𝑠𝑖𝑛(19.02)
s =
5×0.1
s = 719.6  722 MPa Choice (C)

49. Match the following sand mold casting defects with their respective causes.

Defect Cause
P Blow hole 1 Poor collapsibility

Q Misrun 2 Mold erosion

R Hot tearing 3 Poor permeability

S Wash 4 Insufficient fluidity

(A) P-2, Q-4, R-1, S-3

(B) P-3, Q-4, R-2, S-1
(C) P-4, Q-3, R-1, S-2
(D) P-3, Q-4, R-1, S-2

Sol. Blow holes  Poor permeability

Misrun  Insufficient fluidity
Hot tearing  Poor Collapsibility
Wash  Mold erosion. Choice (D)

50. A single block brake with a short shoe and torque capacity of 250 N-m is shown. The
cylindrical brake drum rotates anticlockwise at 100 rpm and the coefficient of friction is 0.25.
The value of a, in mm (round off to one decimal place) such that the maximum actuating force
p is 2000 N, is _______.

GATE-2019 ORIGINAL PAPER – ME/35

Sol.

T = R × a
250 × 103
Ra = = 106
0.25
2M = 0
𝑎
Ra + R 4 = P × 2.5a
0.25
R(1 + 4 ) = 200 × 2.5
R = 4705
106
a= = 212.5 mm Ans: 212.5
4705

51. A gas is heated in a duct as it flows over a resistance heater. Consider a 101 kW electric
heating system. The gas enters the heating section of the duct at 100 kPa and 27°C with a
volume flow rate 15 m3/s. If heat is lost from the gas in the duct to the surrounding at a rate
of 51 kW, the exit temperature of the gas is
(Assume constant pressure, ideal gas, negligible change in kinetic and potential energies and
constant specific heat; Cp = 1 kJ/kg-K; R = 0.5 kJ/kg-K)
(A) 76°C (B) 37°C (C) 32°C (D) 53°C
Sol.

Given T1 = 27ºC = 300 K

P1 = 100 kPa
𝑉̇ = 15 m3/s
PV = MRT
P = 𝜌Rt
𝑃 100
𝜌 = 𝑅𝑇1 = 0.5×300
= 0.666 kg/m3
1

Applying SFEE
𝑉22 𝑉12
𝑄̇ – 𝑊̇ = 𝑀̇ (ℎ2 + 2
+ 𝑧2 𝑔) – 𝑀̇ (ℎ1 + 2
+ 𝑧1 𝑔)
Neglecting  K.E &  P.E
𝑄̇ – 𝑊̇ = 𝑀̇ (h2 – h1)
𝑄̇ – 𝑊̇ = 𝜌𝑉̇ Cp (T2 – T1)
– 51 – (–101) = 0.666 × 15 (T2 – 300)
50 = 9.99 (T2 – 300)
T2 =32ºC Choice (C)

GATE-2019 ORIGINAL PAPER – ME/36

52. The set of equations x + y + z = 1
ax – ay + 3z = 5
5x – 3y + az = 6
has infinite solutions if a =
(A) –3 (B) 4 (C) 3 (D) –4

Sol. Given set of equations can be written in matrix form as AX = B

1 1 1 𝑥
where A = [𝑎 –𝑎 3], X = [𝑦]
5 –3 𝑎 𝑧

1
and B = [5]
6
Consider the augmented matrix

1 1 1 1
[A/B] = [𝑎 −𝑎 3 5]
5 −3 𝑎 6
1
R2  R2
𝑎

1 1 1 1
3 5
 [1 −1 𝑎 𝑎
]
5 −3 𝑎 6
R2  R2 – R1 and R3  R3 – 5R1

1 1 1 1
3 5
 [0 −2 𝑎
−1
𝑎
−1]
0 −8 𝑎 − 5 1
R3  R3 – 4R2

1 1 1 1
3 5
0 −2 −1 −1 ]
[A/B]  [ 𝑎 𝑎
𝑎2 − 𝑎 − 12 5𝑎 − 20
0 0 𝑎 𝑎

Given set of equations has infinite solutions, if

Rank of A = Rank of [A/B]  3
(= The number of variables)
This happens when
𝑎2 − 𝑎 − 12
=0
𝑎
5𝑎 − 20
and =0
𝑎
 a2 – a – 12 = 0 and 5a – 20 = 0
a=4 Choice (B)

GATE-2019 ORIGINAL PAPER – ME/37

53. A plane-strain compression (forging) of a block is shown in the figure. The strain in the z-
direction is zero. The yield strength (Sy) in uniaxial tension/compression of the material of the
block is 300 MPa and it follows the Tresca (maximum shear stress) criterion. Assume that the
entire block has started yielding. At a point where x = 40 MPa (compression) and xy = 0, the
stress component y is

(A) 340 MPa (compressive) (B) 340 MPa (tensile)

(C) 260 MPa (tensile) (D) 260 MPa (compressive)
Sol. Given data
𝑥 = 40 MPa (Compressive) 𝑦 = ?
xy = 0
Syt = 300 MPa
As per Guest and Tresca theory
x – y
max = 2
σyt
max = [∵FOS= 1]
2 (FOS)
– 40 – y 300
 =
2 2
𝑦 = 340 (Compressive) Choice (A)
54. A steam power cycle with regeneration as shown below on the T-s diagram employs a single
open feed water heater for efficiency improvement. The fluids mix with each other in an open
feed water heater. The turbine is isentropic and the input (bleed) to the feedwater heater from
the turbine is at state 2 as shown in the figure. Process 3-4 occurs in the condenser. The
pump work is negligible. The input to the boiler is at state 5. The following information is
available from the steam tables:
State 1 2 3 4 5 6
Enthalpy (kJ/kg) 3350 2800 2300 175 700 1000

s
The mass flow rate of steam bled from the turbines as a percentage of the mass flow rate at
the inlet to the turbine at state 1 is _______.

GATE-2019 ORIGINAL PAPER – ME/38

Sol.

Given
h2 = 2800 kJ/kg
h4 =175 kJ/kg
h5 = 700 kJ/kg
Applying energy conservation on the open feed water heater

M1h2

WOF WH (M – M1)h4
Mh5

M1h2 + (M – M1) h4 = Mh5

M1(h2 – h4) = M (h5 – h4)
𝑀1 (ℎ – ℎ )
= 5 4
𝑀 (ℎ2 – ℎ4 )
700 – 175
= 2800 – 175
𝑀1
𝑀
= 0.2 × 100 = 20% Ans: 20

−0.05 mm is manufactured by turning process. A 50 m

55. A circular shaft having diameter 65.00+0.01
thick coating of TiN is deposited on the shaft. Allowed variation in TiN film thickness is
 5 m. The minimum hole diameter (in mm) to just provide clearance fit is
(A) 65.10
(B) 64.95
(C) 65.12
(D) 65.01

GATE-2019 ORIGINAL PAPER – ME/39

Sol. Given shaft d = 65+0.01
–0.05 mm
Coating = 50 × 10–6 m
= 0.05 mm
Allowed variation = ± 5 μm
= ±0.005 mm
U.L = 65.01
L.L = 64.95

0.055
Upper
65.01 Limit of
Shaft
0.055

→ For clearance fit

(L.L)Hole ≥ (U.L)Shaft
In worst Condition
(L.L)Hole = (U.L)Shaft
Upper Limit of Shaft
= 65.01 + 0.055 + 0.055 = 65.12 mm Choice (C)

GATE-2019 ORIGINAL PAPER – ME/40

GATE-2019 ORIGINAL PAPER – ME/41