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By Advent Software
Analysing Performance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Attribution Models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Separating Alpha and Beta . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10
Performing the Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10
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Family offices are a growing force in the international investment Introduction:
community. The number of ultra high net worth families around The Changing Wealth
the world has proliferated as the wealthy in developed countries Management Landscape
accumulated assets during the recent boom years, while rapid
growth in the emerging economies of Asia, the Middle East,
and Latin America has created—and will continue to create—a
whole new swathe of family fortunes. And as more families come
to appreciate the range of wealth management services that a
family office can provide, demand for such structures is expected
to grow.
This trend was highlighted by research and consulting firm
Celent in a recent report entitled The European Family Office
Market: Where is the Opportunity? It noted that the European
high net worth market made up nearly 27 percent of the region’s
total wealth, and had been growing at a rate of 8 percent in the
last two to three years. Yet the family office market remained
underrepresented in Europe, having only achieved an average
penetration rate of 18 percent of ultra-wealthy individuals. Given
these factors, the report concluded, the family office market was
poised for rapid expansion.
What is more, the current market turmoil means there is even “This white paper highlights the
more attraction for high net worth families in establishing a sin- efficiencies and client service
gle family office, or in joining forces with a multi-family office. For improvements that family offices
rather than being held hostage to the fluctuating fortunes of tra- can reap from a robust and reliable
ditional financial service providers and their investment policies, IT backbone.”
with a family office they can exercise greater control over how
they invest and manage their wealth in a way that meets their
specific long-term objectives.
But while the sector as a whole looks set to flourish, if indi-
vidual organisations are to live up to the high expectations of
their client families they must offer exceptional levels of service.
And to provide that it is increasingly important that family offices
have a sophisticated technology infrastructure in place—an area
where, for the most part, the industry has been lagging to date.
This white paper highlights the efficiencies and client service
improvements that family offices can reap from a robust and reli-
able IT backbone, and how it can support them with the capabil-
ities they need to best meet the challenges ahead.
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Automation: Once the preserve of bulge-bracket investment banks and asset
The Key to Unlocking management behemoths, sophisticated front-to-back technol-
Competitive Advantage ogy platforms are now within reach of all investment manage-
ment firms, regardless of size, structure, or clientele. And for
family offices—which need to juggle multiple strategies to meet
the investment mandates of their clients, and do so within a
framework of exceptional service standards—such technology
capabilities offer a host of advantages.
Cost Cutting
Risk Management
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unwitting or intentional lack of control or mismanagement can
impact a family office’s ability to attract new assets from existing
clients, and may even lead to their withdrawal.
But again the implementation of robust operational
processes that comes from having automated trading compli-
ance and portfolio monitoring capabilities will enable firms to
better control their compliance environment. And in this way
they can help safeguard themselves against the reputation risk
threat.
The Upside
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Managing Risk Risk management may not be the most glamorous of functions.
to Manage Wealth But as the recent market turmoil, wave of corporate bankruptcies
and counterparty defaults, and the Madoff scandal have under-
lined, it is one of the most important.
Trading Risks
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Operational Risk
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Core to that is a portfolio management or accounting plat-
form that supports the gamut of financial instruments, and
includes cross-asset class risk tracking and reporting, plus the
ability to track exposure by name or issuer across asset classes.
The platform should also allow for the breakdown of sources of
risk in a portfolio by factors such as style, sector, interest rate,
country, and currency.
In addition, a risk system should allow for accurate monitor-
ing of manager thresholds and fund concentration limits to avoid
overexposure to particular positions, industries, economic sec-
tors, or geographies. In this way it can guard against style drift
and remain in compliance with any strictures laid down by the
firm and the family investors. And those limits should be easily
configurable to accommodate any future changes in strategy.
Meanwhile, an automated and integrated front-to-back sys-
tems environment will help minimise operational risks by remov-
ing manual intervention and the errors that result from inaccurate
data entry, misinterpreted information, and the like. Similarly,
automated systems with robust security controls can safeguard a
firm from internal or external malicious activities.
Risk Returns
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Since family offices serve a limited number of clients, their defi- Analysing Performance
nition of success will be clearly enumerated in the mandates they
receive: to meet, and preferably exceed, the wealth preservation
and accumulation goals of the family members they serve.
Success, therefore, depends on the investment performance
the family office is able to achieve. But more than that, for the fam-
ily office to show it is adding value for its clients it must demon-
strate that its investment performance was achieved by skill and
design, rather than by luck or the whims of the marketplace. And
it is here that performance attribution becomes critical.
As such, attribution has a dual role:
■ It provides the family office with a breakdown of where
their returns have come from and their role in achieving
them, information they can communicate to their clients
and so (hopefully) demonstrate their worth. “For the family office to show it is
adding value for its clients it must
■ It provides the family office’s portfolio and risk managers
demonstrate that its investment
with insight into which investment decisions are providing
the desired results and which are not, feedback the firm performance was achieved by skill
can use internally to guide managers in the investment and design, rather than by luck or
choices they make going forward and thus better equip the whims of the marketplace.”
them to fulfil their duties.
Attribution Models
As with all forms of analysis though, what you measure and the
way you do it plays a large role in determining outcome. And
since attribution can take various forms and be calculated in dif-
ferent ways, there is an element of analyst’s discretion that will
affect the results obtained. (A more extensive discussion of this
topic can be found in Advent’s white paper Performance Attribu-
tion: A Powerful Tool for Identifying the Sources of Investment
Performance.)
One common tool though is absolute attribution, which
examines the total return of the portfolio and what contributed
to it. This is often used by managers to highlight their most and
least successful investments.
Another common measure is relative attribution. This focuses
on the excess return, i.e. assessing the difference between the
actual portfolio return achieved and the benchmark or index
return against which the manager’s performance is being com-
pared. Its goal is to achieve an understanding of the contribution
made by actively managing the portfolio.
The impact of active management can then be considered
according to the role of two main elements:
■ Asset allocation—the degree to which a manager spreads
a portfolio’s assets between equities, bonds, real estate,
cash, etc.
■ Stock selection—where the analysis will reveal, for exam-
ple, the return earned by the manager’s choice of equities
compared to the overall equity benchmark.
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And depending on the attribution model used, the analysis
may also produce a third component, called interaction, which
accounts for that portion of the return that cannot be attributed
purely to asset allocation or stock selection.
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Investment performance that meets the financial targets of the The Value of
family members is the ultimate measure of a family office’s suc- Communication
cess. Nevertheless, effective and frequent communication with
clients is also an essential part of the organisation’s charter, espe-
cially when markets are volatile.
For one, clearly communicating to clients how their assets are
allocated and the returns their portfolio is achieving demonstrates
that the family office is doing its job and earning its fees.
But more than that, by giving family members comprehen-
sive but digestible information on their financial position they will
be better equipped to work with the family office in formulating
a financial roadmap, and ensuring both parties are in agreement
on the direction they are going.
Reporting Requirements
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High Touch Services
“A cutting edge technology ■ A robust and flexible reporting engine able to handle all
infrastructure frees family offices asset types, including the gamut of securities instruments
to concentrate on maximising as well as physical items such as houses, yachts, and art-
investment performance and work. It should also be configurable so as to quickly and
easily generate standard or individualised reports accord-
client-facing activities.”
ing to clients’ demands.
■ The above capabilities should be linked to a client rela-
tionship management (CRM) system so staff can provide
reports and other information of interest to clients when
they want it and in a personalised way.
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While superior client service is a particular feature of the family Data: Building a
office, providing consistently high levels of performance and Foundation for Efficiency
communication depends on having the right raw data to work
with from the start. As the saying goes: Garbage in, garbage out.
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Automation Advantages
Given the sheer volume of data involved and the potential for
costly errors to result wherever there is manual involvement in the
chain, family offices require a framework for enhancing the effi-
ciency of their data consolidation and reconciliation activities. To
this end they will need:
■ The ability to collect relevant data from the custodian
sources concerned.
■ A rules-based reconciliation engine that can be configured
according to matching criteria defined by the user, to
enable the electronic matching of transactions based on
their specific parameters.
■ A filtering capability so that any reconciliation discrepan-
cies are routed out for quick manual resolution where nec-
essary, and for staff to be able to easily amend client files
if required.
“By automating reconciliation the With this type of automated reconciliation workflow—one
family office will be better that eliminates manual data input and the work involved in
positioned to accommodate growth checking and fixing the errors that result—a family office will be
in the business and maintain its able to:
standards of customer care without ■ Maintain accurate cash and securities balances.
a corresponding increase in ■ Reduce settlement and other operational risks.
overhead.”
■ Ensure compliant trading.
■ Produce more accurate client statements much faster.
■ Free up staffing resources to concentrate on client-facing
activities that add greater value to both family and firm.
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Throughout the financial services industry, technology is becom- Conclusion: Realising
ing an evermore integral part of the organisational framework. As Latent Synergies
we have highlighted in this white paper, it is through the use of
sophisticated systems that firms are proving best able to seek out
returns in this increasingly globalised, complex, and rapid fire
investment environment—and do so in a risk and cost controlled
manner.
But while cutting edge IT capabilities are indispensable, how
the systems architecture is structured is equally important.
Improvements are possible by implementing a specific solution
to fix a particular problem, whether that happens to be a new “The greatest gains will come from
trade order management system, a more robust risk engine, or a having a reliable and functionally
better reporting tool. But addressing an issue in isolation will only rich platform that encompasses
produce limited results. the full breadth and extent of the
Rather, the greatest gains will come from having a reliable
trading lifecycle.”
and functionally rich platform that encompasses the full breadth
and extent of the trading lifecycle, integrating the various front
and back office functions in a virtuous loop of data integrity and
operational efficiency. And it is through this type of comprehen-
sive framework that a family office’s latent synergies can be fully
realised.
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Advent Software, Inc.
600 Townsend Street, San Francisco, CA 94103
800-727-0605 415-543-7696
666 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10017
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