TABLETS

-Solid dosage forms that are prepared by molding or compression

ADVANTAGES
1.Precision and low content variability
2.low manufacturing cost
3.easy to packacge and ship
4.Simple to identify
5.Most stable of all oral dosage forms
6.Essentially tampered proof of the unit dose

DISADVANTAGES
1.Some drug resit compression into tablets
2.Some drug require encapsulation or entrapment prior to compression
3.Some drugs maybe difficult to formulate to provide adequate Bioavailability

TYPES OF TABLETS
I.Tablets for Oral Ingestion
A.Compressed tablets
-formed by compression and have no special coating
-scorded tablets enables divided dosage

B.Multiple compressed tablets

i.Layered tablets
-prepared by compressing a tablet granulation against previously compressed tablets
Eg. Neozep
ii.Compression-Coated Tablet
-prepared by compressing an outer shell around a previously compressed tablet

C.Sugar coated tablets

-tablets with a water soluble sucrose based coating
USES:
-to mask the offensive taste of the drug
-to protect the drug from air,humidity and moisture
-to improve the appearance of the tablet(inrease aesthetic appeal)

D.Film coated tablets

-tablets which are coated with a thin layer of polymer
(eg. HPMC[Hydroxy Propyl Methyl Cellulose])

E. Enteric coated tablets

-tablets w/c remain intact in the stomach but disintegrate in the small intestine (PH >4)
USES:
-to protect a drug destroyed by acid
-to prevent gastric irritation
-to increase absorption of the drug

II.Tablets used in the Oral Cavity

A.Chewable tablets
-tablets which disintegrate when chewed/allowed to dissolved in the mouth
USES:
-For patients with difficulty in swallowing
-Do not contrain disintegrants
-Diluent:Manitol ,Xylitol (cooling effect)

B.Buccal tablets
-tablets which allow absorption after dissolution in the buccal cavity
-dissolve slowly(4hrs)
Eg.Buccal Progesterone tablets
C.Sublingual Tablets
-tablets which allow absorption after dissolution under the tongue
-dissolve rapidly(2-3 min)
-for emergency drugs
Eg.NTG SL(Nitrostat), Clonidine(Catapres),ISDN[Isosorbidedinitrate](Isordil)
-acute angina -prevention of angina

D.Rapidly Disintegrating tablets(RDT)/Orally Disintegrating tablets(ODT)

-tablets which liquify on the tounge and the patient swallows the liquid.
-for psychotic patients with difficulty in swallowing
Eg Risperidine-Antipsychotic ,Ondansetron –antiemetic/chemo

E.Lozenges
-hard candies that dissolves slowly in the mouth for local effect
Eg. Amylmetacresol+Dichlorobenzyl Alcohol(Strepsils)
Troche-Compressed lozenges
Pastille-Molded lozenges

3.Tablets used to prepare solutions

A.Effervescent Tablets
-tablets that release CO2 when dissolved in water
Eg. Alka-seltzer -> Antacid + Aspirin

B.Dispensing/Compounding tablets
-tablets containing large amounts of highly potent drugs used by Pharmacists in
compounding multiple dose units

C.Hypodermic Tablets
-Tablets dissolved in a suitable vehicle which were used by physicians in preparing
parenteral solutions.
-Difficulty in achieving sterility
-Aseptic tech needed

D.Molded tablets/Tablets triturates

-tablets prepared by forming a paste and molding it in a peg
-dard and perforated plates  punched out