RCC & Steel Notes Niraj Shinde

Design of Plate Girder

Based on IS 800:2007
Given Data:
1. Design Bending Moment (Mu)
2. Design Shear Force (Vu)
3. Grade of Steel. (Generally, 250 MPa.)

Step 1: Size of Plate Girder


• Depth of Plate Girder,
= ( )
.


Where, M = Design Bending moment

k = Coefficient, assume 180
• Thickness of Web,

i. Optimum thickness of web,  = [  ]
.


ii.  <
/200 (  ! ") #!. 8.6.1.1

iii.  ≤
/345 (  
!+, -.!+,) #!. 8.6.1.2
0
iv.  > 12 #!. 8.4.2.1

Provide the thickness as maximum from above 4 cases.

(Note: Generally, case iv governs.)
• Width of flange,  = 0.3

 3
• Thickness of flange,  > 4 5 6.7 ( 8!   +) 9 ! 2

Step 2: Check for Shear Capacity (Cl. 8.4)

Design Shear Capacity, :0 = :; /<=

Where Nominal Shear Capacity,:; = >? @ /√3 , >? =


If :0 < :B ; girder is safe in shear check.

Step 3: Check for Moment Capacity (Cl. 8.2.1.2)

DE FG 
Design Bending Moment,C0 = HIJ
≤ 1.2KL @ /<=

43 N OPQN R
Where,KM = + 
4 /4
4

If C0 < CB ; girder is safe in bending check.

RCC & Steel Notes Niraj Shinde

Step 4: Check for Bearing stiffeners

(Note: The function of bearing stiffeners is to distribute the load to web. These are
provided at the supports and at the points of concentrated loads.)
a) Assume width of support, b = 300 mm

n2 n2

b1 b1

Minimum stiff bearing, b1 = b/2

Dispersion length (1:2.5), n2 = 2.5 x tf
V
Local capacity of the web, T = ( U + +4 ) 
HIJ
If T > :B , No Bearing stiffeners are required.
b) At Position of moving wheel loads
@
T = ( U + +4 ) 
<=

Assume, b1 = 0
If T > T 
#++  
Wℎ! !
, No Bearing stiffeners are required.

Note: The format is given in such condition where no stiffeners are required, Web is safe for
shear and concentrated forces.
RCC & Steel Notes Niraj Shinde

Design of Gantry Girder

Based on IS 800:2007
RCC & Steel Notes Niraj Shinde

Given Data:
1. Centre to Centre distance between columns (Span of Gantry Girder), L
2. Crane Capacity, Wc
3. Self-weight of the crane girder excluding trolley, Wsw
4. Self-weight of trolley, motor, hook etc., Wh
5. Minimum hook approach, L1
6. Distance between wheel canters, c
7. Centre to Centre distance between gantry rails (Span of crane girder), Lc
8. Self-weight of the rail = 300 N/m (if not given)
9. Steel Grade fy-250
Note: kindly refer the notations and location from above sketches.
Solution:

Step 1: Load Calculation

1. VERTRICAL LOADING

i. Calculation of maximum static wheel load

Maximum static wheel load due to weight of crane = Wsw/4, Where,4=No. of wheels

ii. Maximum static wheel load due to crane load

YU = [YN (Z[ − ZU )]/(2Z[ )
Where, YN = Y[ + Y]
Total Load due to the weight of crane and crane capacity = (i) + (ii)
To allow impact increase the load by 25%, Design Load = 1.25 x W1
Factored Load, Wc = 1.5 x Design Load
2. Lateral Surge Load
Lateral Load (per wheel) = 10% (hook + Crab load)/4
Factored Load Ps = 1.5 x Lateral Load

3. Longitudinal braking load

Horizontal force along rails = 5% of wheel load
Factored Load Pg = 1.5 x Horizontal load

Step 2: Maximum Bending Moment

i. Vertical Maximum Bending Moment without considering self-weight
CU = Y[ Z/4
Z 
C4 = 2Y[ ( − )4/Z
2 4
Consider Maximum of M1 and M2 as Mu.

Assume self-weight of the gantry girder = 1.6 kN/m.

Total Dead load = S.W of Girder + Rail
Factored Load (w) = 1.5 x Total Load
RCC & Steel Notes Niraj Shinde

^
BM due to dead load MSW =
6

Total vertical BM = Mu + MSW

ii. Horizontal Bending moment

` [
Moment due to surge load, C@ = 28_ (4 − 7)4 /Z

ab L ` [
iii. Bending moment due to drag ,C = ` 4
( − 7)

Step 3: Maximum Shear Force

i. Vertical Shear Force
[
Shear force due to wheel load, Y[ (2 − )
`
c`
Shear force due to DL =
4
Ultimate shear force = Shear force due to wheel load + Shear force due to DL

Step 4: Preliminary selection of the Girder

Depth of Gantry Girder = L/10 to L/12
Width of Flange = L/20 to L/25
Step 5: Section Properties
Note the section properties of I-section and C- channel
Properties of I- Section
1. Area (Ag)
2. Depth of section (h)
3. Flange width (bf)
4. Thickness of flange (tf)
5. Thickness of web (tw)
6. Moment of inertia (Ixx and Iyy)
7. Root radius (r1)
Properties of C- Section
1. Area (Ag)
2. Depth of section (h)
3. Flange width (bf)
4. Thickness of flange (tf)
5. Thickness of web (tw)
6. Moment of inertia (Ixx and Iyy)
7. Root radius (r1)
8. Center of gravity (Cyy)
RCC & Steel Notes Niraj Shinde

Step 6: Check for Moment Capacity in vertical direction:

eeee
f ∗i j f ∗i eeee
CG of section, de = g fg jfk k
l 

Where eee
dm = C.G. of I beam = h I section /2
eeee
d n = C.G of Channel = hI section + tw-Channel - Cyy-Channel

Moment of Inertia along X-X axis,

opp = {oppQm + >m (de − drm )4 } + {oppQn + >n (de − d

eee 4
n) }

Section Modulus along X-X axis,

o55
KL5 =
de
Moment carrying capacity, C05 = 1.2K " /<t0

If, C0 > Mu, Safe for moment in vertical direction.

Step 7: Moment Capacity in Lateral Direction:
Moment of Inertia along Y-Y axis,
oii = {oiiQm + oiiQn }
3vg wxyz{|}
CG of section, ue = 4

Section Modulus along Y-Y axis,

o@@
KL@ =
ue
Moment carrying capacity, C0@ = 1.2K " /<t0

If, C0@ > My, Safe for moment in vertical direction.

Check for Biaxial Moment:
CB C@
+ ≤1
C05 C0@

Step 8: Check for Shear

Design Shear Capacity, :0 = :; /<=

Where Nominal Shear Capacity,:; = >? @ /√3 , >? =
mQ_L[N~; mQ_L[N~;

If 0.6:0 < :B ; girder is safe in shear check.

Step 9: Check for Deflection
c `
y
Actual Deflection, €[N = 47‚m (3Z4 − 44 ) Permissible Deflection, €MLƒ =
4„

If €[N < €MLƒ Safe in Deflection

RCC & Steel Notes Niraj Shinde

Design of Beam Column

Given Data:
1. Length of Column
2. Factored axial load
3. Factored Moment at top and bottom
4. Fy-250

Solution:
Step 1: Section Size
Assume fcd = 0.6 fy
†[NƒL0 5~^ ƒ[L
Calculate Required area, >ƒL… =
y‡

Provide section based on Area requirement and make sure to use ISHB sections.
Note down the section properties.
1. Area (Ag)
2. Depth of section (h)
3. Flange width (bf)
4. Thickness of flange (tf)
5. Thickness of web (tw)
6. Moment of inertia (Ixx and Iyy)
7. Root radius (r1)
Step 2: Cross section classification
Refer Table 2, pg. 18.
Outstand flange
3
< 15.7ε Mostly Semi compact.
4N

Web
0 ]Q4N Q4ƒl
NV
= NV
< 42ε Mostly Semi compact.

Step 3: Check for resistance of cross section to the combined effects (Cl. 9.3.1.3)
The interaction equation is
ˆ C‰
+ ≤1
ˆ0 C0‰
Where Š,+ t‹+, ˆ0 = > @ /<=
& N =Factored axial Load

Š,+ +
+, tt+ , C0 = KL @ /<=

& Mz = Factored Bending Moment
RCC & Steel Notes Niraj Shinde

Step 4: Member buckling resistance in compression (cl. 7.1.2)

Effective Length = 1.0L (both ends are Pinned)
= 0.8L (One end Pinned other Fixed)
= 0.65L (Both ends are Fixed)
Ž^ Ž^
Calculate Slenderness ratio ƒ and ƒ


From Table 10 pg. 44 classify the buckling class.

Refer the appropriate table i.e. Table 9(a), 9(b), 9(c) and 9(d) from the buckling class in specific
direction and calculate fcd in both direction.
Calculate compression load carrying capacity in both direction from equation, 80 = > [0

Minimum of 805 and 80@ will be considered as compression capacity. Which should be less than the
factored design load.
Step 4: Member Buckling resistance in combined bending and axial compression (Cl. 9.3.2.2
Determination of Moment amplification factors
(‘‰ − 0.2)8 0.88
‰ = 1 + ≤1+
80‰ 80‰
Where, ‘‰ = 0.33
P = Factored design load
80‰ = Design compression capacity in xx direction calculated in step 4
#=‰ = 0.6 + 0.4Ψ where, Ψ = C3NN= /CNM

Check with interaction formulae,

8 #=@ C@ #=‰ C‰
+ 0.6@ + ‰ ≤ 1.0
80‰ C0@ C0‰