vi

TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER NO. TITLE PAGE NO.

ABSTRACT iii
LIST OF TABLES vii
LIST OF FIGURES viii
LIST OF SYMBOLS, ABBREVIATIONS ix

1 INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 GENERAL 1
1.2 OBJECTIVE 3
1.3 SCOPE 4

2 REVIEW OF LITERATURE 5
2.1 INTRODUCTION 5
2.2 LITERATURE REVIEW 5

3 METHODOLOGY 19
3.1 METHODOLOGY OF THE
PROJECT 19

4 MATERIALS AND METHODS 20

4.1 MATERIAL DESCRIPTION 20
4.1.1 Cement 20
 vii

CHAPTER NO. TITLE PAGE NO.

4.1.2 Tyre Rubber 21

4.1.3 Aggregate 23
4.1.4 Copper Slag 25
4.1.5 Water 27

4.2 MIX PROPORTION DESIGNATIONS 27

4.3 PREPARATION OF SPECIMENS 28

4.3.1 Batching of Concrete 28
4.3.2 Preparation of moulds 30
4.3.3 Mixing of concrete 31
4.3.4 Casting and compacting of concrete 31
4.3.5 Demoulding of specimens 32
4.3.6 Curing 32

4.4 EXPERIMENTAL PROGRAM 32

4.4.1 Test on fresh concrete 32
4.4.1.1 Slump test 32
4.4.2 Test on hardened concrete 33
4.4.2.1 Compressive strength tests 33
4.4.2.2 Split tensile test 34
4.4.2.3 Flexural strength test 34

5 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 36

5.1 GENERAL 36
5.1.1 Compressive strength 36
 viii

CHAPTER NO. TITLE PAGE NO.

5.1.2 Split tensile strength 38

5.1.3 Flexural strength of concrete 40

6 CONCLUSION AND SCOPE FOR 43

FURTHER WORK
6.1 CONCLUSION 43
6.2 SCOPE FOR FURTHER WORK 44

REFERENCES 45
APPENDIX A 46
APPENDIX B 48
APPENDIX C 49