Sedimentation

Llanes, Shyrell Katrin D.

CHE131L – Chemical Engineering Laboratory 1 / A03

1st term of A.Y. 2017-2018

Mapúa Institute of Technology at Laguna

Malayan Colleges Laguna

Experiment 5. Sedimentation Llanes, Shyrell Katrin D.

CHE131L – A03 BS in Chemical Engineering
 Sedimentation

Llanes, Shyrell Katrin D.

CHE131L – Chemical Engineering Laboratory 1 / A03

1st term of A.Y. 2017-2018

Mapúa Institute of Technology at Laguna

Malayan Colleges Laguna
ABSTRACT gravity. It is used to create a suspension includes
accomplished by concentration the following: (1)
In this experiment, the
decreasing the gradient- where more when a wide range of
slurry height at
velocity of the water particles near the particle sizes are
different chalk-water
being treated to a bottom of the cell than present in the feed,
concentrations were
point below which the near the top. under differential settling
recorded as time
particles will no longer hindered settling rates between large
elapsed. The effects
remain in suspension. conditions. and small particles
of the slurry
When the velocity no lead to modification of
concentrations were In batch
longer supports the the effective density of
determined using sedimentation,
transport of the the suspension, (b)
sedimentation curves, suspension of
particles, gravity will the upward velocity of
plotting interface particles is allowed to
remove them from the the fluid is greater at
height vs time. stand in a settling
flow. higher concentrations,
Varying tank or column. When
(c) the velocity
concentrations of In a glass cylinder, a particle is at a
gradients in the fluid
chalks in water are when solids diffuse sufficient distance
surrounding the
observed and through the interface, from the walls of the
particles are greater
compared. It is later the process starts container and from
due to the closer
found out that all then to settle from a other particles, the
proximity of the
concentrations have slurry during a batch process is called free
particles and (d) the
the same trend of settling test and settling. On the other
ability of particles to
decreasing assumed to approach hand, when particles
aggregate is
sedimentation height. terminal velocities are crowded and
enhanced at higher
Results showed that Thus, several zones settles at a lower rate,
concentrations.
that the slurry exhibits of concentration will the process is called
hindered settling. be established. The hindered settling.
particle is not actually
INTRODUCTION The reasons for
sent all the way to the
modification of the
Sedimentation is bottom of the cell,
settling rate of
simply the process of resulting in a
particles in a
letting suspended sediment. Rather, a
concentrated
material settle by low centrifugal field is
Experiment 5. Sedimentation Llanes, Shyrell Katrin D.
CHE131L – A03 BS in Chemical Engineering
 3. Identify the water measured 20 19 17
regimes using the accordingly in the 22 19 17
24 19 17
necessary sedimentation
graph/s and tubes. ( 500 mm,
establish from 600 mm, 700 mm,
Hindered settling and 800 mm)
and Free settling. 3. The
4. or the hindered sedimentation
settling regime tubes with the
plot a graph from chalk and water
which value of ‘n’ mixture shall be
Figure 2. Effect of
can be found out. mixed by shaking Varying Height and
Figure 1.
The relation from the cylinder Concentration on
Sedimentation Set-
which ‘n’ will be manually. Sedimentation
up
found out has Ut 4. The tubes are
Legends: ■ 300 ■ 420
EXPERIMENT in it, and hence placed in the grip
■ 542 ■ 610
OBJECTIVES use the graph brooches of the
plotted to find out sustenance board
ANALYSIS,
1. Determine the the value of Ut and the time will
INTERPRETATION,
effect of solid and compare this be recorded. The
& CONCLUSION
slurry value from Ut interphase height
concentration in a obtained from is measured
The height decreases
batch free settling every 3 minutes.
quickly at the first 10
sedimentation regime.
minutes and slows
setup by plotting DATA AND RESULTS
down after until
METHODOLOGY
the height of the Table 1. Tabulated constant height is
interface vs. time Results of
Materials: Chalk, reached. At a short
data. Interface Height
Hammer, Digital period of two minutes
2. Figure out the
Balance, vs. Time time interval, particles
number of points
Sedimentation are well distributed in
that could be Height
Equipment 300 420 a water phase
(mm)
used for
Time particles suspended
smoothing (using (min)
1. Grind the chalk in water.
moving average) 2 39 28
into powder using 4 28 22
the velocity vs. 6 24 20
a hammer. Possible errors are
concentration 8 22 19
2. The weight of the 10 22 18 touching the particle
curve and use it 12 21 18
grinded chalk will material before mixing
to smoothen the 14 20 17
be held constant 16 20 17 with water, which
curve. 18 20 17
with the height of decreases the
3
concentration or
weight. Different
people also shake the
tubes which can
cause varying particle
distribution. One
factor affecting
sedimentation is the
particle size diameter.
The formed flocs will
cause an increase in
sedimentation rate
due to increase in
size of sediment
particles. It does not
only depend on size
but also on porosity,
preserve in the
sediment which
contains an amount of
entrapped liquid.

REFERENCES

1. Rhodes, M. (2008
). Introduction to
Particle
Technology 2nd
Edition . Antony
Rowe Ltd,
Chippenham,
Wiltshire: John
Wiley and Sons
Ltd