Final English Notes B.sc. - Robot - Technology PDF

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B.Sc. Notes : (First Year) 1
Chapter -1
Summary
The people living on Beach Road strongly protest due to the traffic problem, which has made their
lives miserable. One Beach Road was one-way road but now two-way road has been made here, the
load of traffic has also been increased.
These changes were made only last Saturday. These new changes have produced difficulties.
Especially the students are facing great difficulties in crossing the roads because there are a number
of schools on this road. Parents are also facing problems in picking and dropping there from
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schools. All the traffic South to North is passing from Beach these days. The residents have to wait
a longtime to cross the road.
The Government authorities said that these changes have been introduced to make betterment in the
traffic. When they heard the news of protest they paid no attention and expected it could be die
down soon. They also refused to install any traffic signals or a Zebra crossing, or an overhead
bridge. The Government said that they were monitoring the situation and hoped that the situation
would become normal again as the people of this area got used to the new reality.

The committee of the Beach Road associations is arranging a meeting to discover the way o
fulfillment of their demands or to press the authorities for the cancellation of these new traffic
rrection englisharrangement.
b botany notes: 004 Essays B.Sc. IMPORTANT HOW TO LIVE TO English for Degree English Notes for
terial for… Chapter 1 QUESTIONS BE 200 Class 3 Fsc
We will have to wait and see where this situation leads to. The situation is under control and no
incident has taken place yet. We hope that problems facing by the residents of Beach Road will be
solved soon and peacefully.
Difficult Words
Protest disapproval, to object Inhabitants person who lives in a place
Squeezed exert pressure, to force Monitor person or device for checking,

watch closely
Hitherto untill this time, up to now Install place in position
Inconvenient causing trouble, difficulty Die down become fewer
Pedestrian person who goes on feet
Question and Answers

Q.1 Why are the residents of Beach Road protesting against the new traffic
arrangements?
Ans. The residents of Beach road are protesting against the new traffic arrangements because
they were facing great difficulties due to them. This road used to be one-way and there was very
Prof: Mir Shakil Ahmed Talpur GDC Tando Jan Muhammad
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light traffic on this road. Now the situation has become completely changed. It has been turned into
two-way road and heavy traffic is passing from here.
Q.2 Why are parents and their children facing problems in picking and dropping?
Ans. There are many schools on this road. Parents are facing problems in parking. The students
are having great difficulties in parking. The students are getting late for schools. It has also become
very risky for the younger students to go to their schools.
Q.3 What are the reasons that authorities are not paying any attention to the citizens?
Ans. The authorities do not have any resources to provide any facility to the citizens. They have
the opinion that the protest will be die down soon.
Q.4 What are the citizens doing for press there demands?
Ans. The citizens are doing their best to press for their demand. They are conducting meetings,
processions, press conferences and sending their delegates to the concerned authorities.
Q.5 What evidence is there to show that the residents of Beach Road are against the new
traffic arrangements?
Ans. The residents of Beach Road are against the new traffic arrangements and it is obvious due
to their protest against it through holding meetings, processions, press conferences and sending their
delegates to the concerned.
Q.6 What do you think the conclusion will be?
Ans. The conclusion will be the same it always happens in developing country like Pakistan.
The authorities do no pay any attention to the citizens demands and protest. The officers consider
themselves as master and people as their slaves.
Chapter 2 - Gentle Giants

Summary
There are many misconceptions about the nature and life style of Gorillas. Gorillas are considered to
be ferocious and and tenacious creatures, they are, in fact, gentle and tender.
It was due to some images of them in which they looked beastly that made people scared of them.
An American explorer published a book about hunting of gorillas in the African jungle. He
produced a photograph of an injured gorilla standing on the body of a hunter in a very aggressive
style. Hollywood made a film "King Kong" in 1930 making as a terror to people.
Gorillas are not hostile to man. They are vegetarians, they do not attack on other animals. They look
after their children with great care and are loving creatures. They only show their anger and fierce
whey they are attacked or treated badly.
They also become hostile when they are kept separated in the cages from their families; they even
attacked their keeper. The zoological gardens are now treating animals scientifically. They try to
provide them the natural environment. The tribute therefore, goes to the zoos, which are taking
cares of animals efficiently and affectionately. As a result the animals are behaving themselves.
They are inoffensive and non-aggressive.
It is pity that the number gorillas is decreasing alarmingly due to the activities of man. Man is
cutting forests where they live. Their number is now limited to a few thousand. man exults in killing
them. The wilds life is on the verge of extinction as the natural abode of the animals is disappearing
from the globe of the World.
To sum up, gorillas, which and rightly called the "Gentle Giant", are also endangered species like
other wild life. We should do something for protecting wild life.
Difficult Words
Images ------------------------- pictures, mental pictures
Offspring ---------------------- child, young
Rip ---------------------------- tear
Ramp --------------------------- to play about energetically
Charge ------------------------- attack
Clamber ------------------------ to climb with difficulty
Spoiling ----------------------- showing great affection for
Enclosure ---------------------- place surrounded by a wall
Inoffensive animals ------------ animals that are harmless
Dies hard ---------------------- It is difficult to forget
Adored grand-children ---------- grand-children that are greatly loved

Questions and Answers
Q.1 What did make the bad reputation of gorillas according to the lesson "Gentle Giants"?
Ans. Some pictures in which the gorillas have been shown as wild creatures and in some movies
they have been shown dangerous to men made the bad reputation o gorillas. In the book of an
American explorer about hunting gorillas contained many pictures in which gorillas are in ferocious
state.
Q.2 How do gorillas live in the thick forests of Africa?
Ans. Gorillas are almost vegetarian and spend their days eating leaves and juicy stems in the thick
forest of Africa.
Q.3 Describe the nature and behaviour of gorillas according to lesson "Gentle Giants"?
Ans. Gorillas are not hostile to man and other animals unless they are attacked or treated badly.
They also become hostile and fierce whey they are kept separated in the cages from their families.
Q.4 How do the gorillas bring up their children?
Ans. The gorillas love their children too much. They are vegetarians. They don't attack on other
animals. They have kind nature and love specially children. They even try to play and show their
mischievous behaviour.
Q.5 Why did the author David Attenborough want to tell us about gorillas and saying them "Gentle
Giants"?
Ans. The author David Attenborough wanted to clear the misconceptions and tell the nature of
gorillas so he called them "Gentle Giants". In this way the author is trying to convince the readers
that the gorillas are big animals but they are not harmful to man and for other animals.
Q.6 What is the procedure that is being used to keep the animals in the zoological gardens?
Ans. Scientific methods and techniques are being used to keep the animals in zoological gardens, a
natural environment is provided to keep the animals their survival. all the animals are treated with
love and become non agressive.
Q.7 What is future of gorillas according to the lession "Gentle Giants"?
Ans. gorillas are becoming endangered in the wild life. No more than a few thousand low land
gorillas like jumbo still survive. His slightly bigger, shaggier relatives, the mountain gorilla are now
reduced to only few hundred. Man has destroyed the forests on which they depend. The hunting of
gorillas becoming common therefore the future of gorilla is in danger.
Chapter 3 - The Age of the Probot
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[edit]
Summary
Computer have become a common place thing today and so will become robots in only few year's
time. They will change the life style of man living in the modern world of the 21st century. A robot
is a kind of machine which works like a man. It is constructed in a shape, which gives a description
of man, today computers are being used in every field of life and therefore a computer with a body
and moving parts with wheels is called Probot. Hence we can say this is the age of Probot.
A personal computer can be changed to a probot doing all the works o household like sweeping,
dusting and washing clothes. Besides these, they can also do more difficult jobs like teaching
children, making meal in the kitchen, guarding the house and playing with you in the leisure time.
Though robots are working in factories, their effects cannot be felt in the society. Robots are beings
used in many fields of life such as agriculture and industry. Industrial robots can increase the gross
national product of a country. One robot will be able to do the work of at least ten men. oweve they
can create the problem of unemployment.
However, the probot's influence on the society can be felt at once. The probots work at homes
making our lives comfortable, easier, safer and more pleasant. The life will become certainly change
in the future because of these robots and probots. Now people have a profound slumber as robots
are there to guard their houses. The robots sellers demonstrates their potential at their showrooms.
Hence we can say shortly that the probots are an example of the exciting advance technology.
People using robots do not need a strenuous life style, they become rather easy going and having a
lot of spare time at their disposal. They will have more effect on society than any other invention.
[edit]
Difficult Words
Slumber -------------------- sleep
Strenuous ------------------ energetic, needing energy
Profound ------------------- deep
Demonstrate ---------------- to show by doing practical
Portray -------------------- to show, to describe
Whisk ---------------------- to move quickly
Utopia --------------------- imaginary perfect world
Extensive ------------------ very vast
Formidable ----------------- difficult
Chore ---------------------- piece of routine work
[edit]
Q.1 Why computers are becoming common now days?
Ans. Computers are helping us in calculation, drawing pictures, keeping the records, making some
analysis and so many other purposes. In other words you can say computer is helping us in every
field of life, that is why they are becoming so common now-a-days.
Q.2 What is probot and what is the difference between a robot and a probot?
Ans. A probot is a modified form of personal computer, which is made by fitting some moving parts
and wheels of machine in a shape like a man for doing different purposes.
Q.3 What household chores can a robot do?
Ans. A robot can almost do all the household chores, for example, dusting, washing, cooking,
guarding the house, teaching the children and entertaining the people and many more.
Q.4 Why can people sleep soundly at their home?
Ans. The robot can guard homes efficiently so people can sleep soundly in their homes.
Q.5 What are the benefits of an industrial robot? What will happen in the world if many robots are
started to use in different industries?
Ans. Industrial robots are designed to do different kind of works in industries. One industrial robot
has ability to do the work of ten men. Industrial robots can increase the gross national product of a
country and they can make to do work more easily. If the trend of using so many industrial robots
become common in the world then the whole world will be suffered by the dangerous problems of
unemployment.
Q.6 What type of robot will produce the changes in the standard of living of people?
Ans. The type of robot, will produce the great changes in the standard of living of people, is known
as personal robot, which is called as Probot. A probot is basically a personal computer with a body
and if it is equipped with wheels, is enabled to move from one place to another place. It can do
many household works as well.
Q.7 How do you think that a probot is useful than an industrial robot?
Ans. A probot is more useful than an industrial robot because industrial robot is designed for special
kind of work while a probot will be used at every home and will be able to do many household jobs
simultaneously.
Chapter 4 - The Door Swings Open


[edit]
Summary
There was a time when women were not allowed to become doctor. This profession only restricted
to man. People thought that women were not too strong that could bear the stress to become a
doctor.
Elizabeth Black was the first lady, American lady, got the admission in a medical college. An
influential doctor recommends her for admission. The administrator of the college did not refuse the
doctor but they also did not want a female student in their college. They decided to put the matter
before students, hoping that her admission will be refused.
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The college authorities were surprised that the student body approved her admission. Some of the
students thought that women should have equal rights. Some of them thought it would be amusing
to be the only medical college in the country where a woman doctor had been trained. So the vote in
favor was carried and the college authorities gave permission to admit Elizabeth n the medical
college.
Eventually, Elizabeth get the acceptance letter and proceeds in Geneva College. The dean
introduced her to all the students in her class. Initially when she came to college they behaved very
badly, but after joining the class, the whole situation started changing. The presence of a lady
proved that it is beneficial in the discipline of the medical college.
Now a days women are working side by side with men, women are playing very crucial role in
society by joining all sorts of professions and careers.
[edit]
Difficult Words
Nuisance ------------ person, thing or circumstance causing trouble or annoyance
Prevail ------------- 1.(often foll, by against, over) be victorious or gain 2. be the more usual or
predominant
Offend -------------- 1. cause offense to , upset 2. Displease, Anger
Student Body --------- all student member of college
Influential ---------- having great influence
Diffident ----------- shy, lacking self-confidence
Unanimously ---------- all in agreement (committee was unanimous)
Authorities ---------- favouring or enforcing strict obedience to authority

[edit]
Q.1 Why it is thought that man could be doctor according to the lesson "The Door Swings Open"?
Ans. According to the lesson " The Door Swings Open" people thought that women were not too
strong that could bear the stress to become a doctor or could carry out their duties properly as
doctor.
Q.2 How did Elizabeth get admission in the medical college?
Ans. An influential and famous American doctor recommended her for the admission in medical
college. The administration could not refuse the doctor so they put the matter in front of student
union hoping that they would refuse her admission but unfortunately the students gave their vote in
favour so the administrator of college had to admit her in the medical college.
Q.3 Why did college authorities not wish to give an admission in their medical college for a
woman?
Ans. the college authorities not wish to give an admission in the college for a woman because they
were influenced under the traditions of those days that a woman could not perform her duties
properly as doctor.
Q.4 What was the behaviour of the male students when the dean of the college introduced Elizabeth
as a female student?
Ans. The Dean of the college introduced Elizabeth to her classmates. The class numbering about
150 students was composed largely of young men from neighbouring town. They all become
surprised and showed complete silence in the class room.
Q.5 What effects did appear in the presence of a woman student among the male students in the
medical college?
Ans. The male students were rude but after the admission of Elizabeth as a woman student the
whole situation was changed. Hence the presence of a lady proved to be more beneficial in the
discipline of the college than the rules.
Q.6 Now days are women treated equally with men in medical colleges or in other professions?
Ans. Now a days women are working side by side with men. they are playing very active role in
modern society. They are playing an even increasing role in all kinds of careers and professions. In
hospitals we can see a lot of female doctors with male doctors working with great devotion and love
for their medical profession.
Chapter 5 - How to Study?


[edit]
Summary
People have great misunderstanding about studying. The majority of students have not learnt the
rule of practicable working. Most of the students are unaware about the principles of good study.
Suppose a graph is plotted between the learning and studying hours for a student in a day. If he does
not study, he will learn nothing (point 0). If he studies for an hour, he will learn something (point 1).
If he studies for two hours, he will learn two times (point 2). If he studies more, he will learn more
(point 3). If he studies all the time say about 23 hours a day, he will be almost spent and will
remember nothing and will learn far less (point 4). If he studies less, he learns more (point 5). It
must have a topmost point, which shows the maximum learning for someone in a day.This is called
the optimum or the best learning. It's balance between learning and getting tired also called fatigue.
If u neglect and gain less than optimum. There will be exhaustion and loss of concentration.
The majority of student's optimum is five hours a day. Taking rest can restore the activeness of the
body but changing the subject of taking another variety obtains the relaxation of mind. Mind gets
rest by variety. Mind does not rest even in sleep. To rest mind. you can start some other type of
work.
[edit]
Difficult Words
Optimum ------------- best
Fatigue ------------- tiredness
Crest --------------- highest point
Adequate ------------ enough
Chip ---------------- cut
Relaxation ---------- rest
Conserve ------------ save
Exhausted ----------- tired, completely used up
Accord -------------- agreement
Odious -------------- hateful, horrible
Prejudice ----------- (unjust) feelings against someone
Varies -------------- differ, changes
Achieve ------------- get, obtain
[edit]
Q.1 Explain the term optimum in the context of the lesson "How to Study"?
Ans. The maximum learning for someone in a day, is called optimum. A student should keep this
principle of the optimum mind when he feel exhausted, he should sleep and stop reading.
Q.2 What is the misunderstanding about study according to the author of the lesson "How to
Study"?
Ans. There are many misunderstandings about studying. Many students do not know about the
principles of studying. The author of the less "How to Study" explains an effective period of study
which is generally misunderstood by the student.
Q.3 What are the common misconceptions about studying and how best can we achieve our
optimum?
Ans. The common misconceptions are listed below:
1. The students study without knowing their most favourable period and effective period for their
study, which is called as optimum point.
2. The students cannot know the efficient functioning of mind.
3. Everyone tries to study but totally neglecting his physical approach and mental efficiency
We can achieve our optimum by discovering the most favourable period and the function of mind.
Q.4 How can you differentiate between the working of mind and working of body?
Ans. People generally think that like body mind also gets rest during sleep, but this is a wrong
conception. Sleep just gives the rest to body while choosing a variety of work or change of work
only does the relaxation of mind.
Q.5 How can student realize that he has reached his optimum point?
Ans. When the mind is tired, student cannot concentrate on his studies and cannot learn anymore. It
is the sign that he has reached his optimum point of his study.
Q.6 How is mind compared to a storeroom?
Ans. Everything is arranged line wise in the storeroom. In the opinion of the author, the mind is like
storeroom. Its efficiency depends on the fact that how it is cataloged. When the examinations are
near new material should not be attemted because it cannot be assimilated by mind however the
revision should be beneficial.
Chapter 6 - The Tripods


Contents
• 1 Summary
• 2 Difficult Words
• 3 Choose the Correct

Answer
• 4 Question and Answers

[edit]
Summary
The Tripods had been ruled over the earth for more than hundred years. They governed simply and
effectively by dominating the minds of men. They capped everyone at the age of fourteen. The caps
used by the tripods were meshes of silvery metal fitted over the skull and woven into the flesh of
their wears. The capping of child took place at the age of adulthood with a ceremony. they
considered it a routing thing.
The story of tripods has been described and explained in detail by the boy who belonged to the
tripods in the languages. He was doubtful about the process of capping, when the capping ceremony
was being held with his cousin Jack, he became anxious about his own capping ceremony which
was being held done the following years after the ceremony of his cousin.
When Ozymandias came to his village, he told the boy a strange story about the tripods. He said that
tripods were not the well-wishers of man in fact they were enemies. They ruled over whole planet of
earth. Very few people survived on earth found in few places. He also told the boy that he knew
such a free man who lived in White Mountains. He asked the boy to join the group who dislike
capped men and women. He invited the boy to join him in the journey towards south. Boy's cousin
also went with him. Once they fought with a tripod and killed him with a weapon. After the long
journey they reached the White Mountains.
[edit]
Difficult Words
Subdue ---------------- to conquer
Defy ------------------ disobey
Recruit --------------- people to work
Antagonist ------------ rival
Oppressor ------------- unjust ruler / disorders
Harness --------------- (to a cart) attach a horse
Vagrant --------------- tramp
Dominate -------------- to be obvious to rule
Feast ----------------- large meal
[edit]
Choose the Correct Answer
For each of the bold words or phrases, two meanings are given. Choose the correct answer.
1. Capping was taken for granted by the young people on earth.
a) Welcomed
b) Treated as something ordinary
2. Feasting and celebration attended the capping.
a) Accompanied
b) Followed
3. I had misgivings about the practice of capping.
a) Trust in
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b) Doubts
4. However, I kept silent because no one ever queried the information of capping.
a) Agreed on
b) Asked questions about
5. Defying my parents, I spoke to my parents.
a) Tricking
b) Disobeying
6. He explained that the Tripods were not our benefactors .
a) Leaders
b) Helpers
7. He said the Tripods were our oppressor.
a) Unjust rulers
b) Inferiors
8. I agree to journey to the White Mountains while Ozymandias looked for new recruits.
a) People to work for
b) People to join him
[edit]
Q.1 What is one of the changes in behaviour mentioned in the passage, that show one is becoming
an adult?
Ans. One ceased to be a child and began to think for oneself show one is becoming an adult. It
usually occurred at the age of fourteen.
Q.2 Why did no one ever raise the question of whether capping was right or wrong?
Ans. No one ever queried the rightness of capping because for them it was an expected and looked
for thing accompanied with feasting and celebration.
Q.3 How did the tripods dominate the human mind?
Ans. For brain washing the human beings and dominating on their minds the tripods used special
type of mashes of silvery metal filled in caps which were closely fixed around the skulls and they
were woven into the flesh of the humans. All the boys and girls when attained the age of fourteen
years were compulsorily capped and even such a thing was attended by large number of friends and
relatives by feasting and celebrations.
Q.4 In the world ruled over by the Tripods what kinds of people were called vagrants and how they
behaved?
Ans. Due to some technical defects in capping process some of the people could not by controlled
by telepathy. Their mind refused to accept the conditions of the Tripods. They traveled from place
to place. They did not remain in one place for a long time. they never looked after by the tripods and
even capped human beings also disliked them. These vagrants were building anti-tripods thinking
among the capped people so that to over through the tripods.
Q.5 What do you know about Ozymandias the vagrant?
Ans. Ozymandias was a big, a red haired bearded man. He was a romantic man interested in poetry
and singing songs. He was not very intelligent and could not differentiate between sense and non-
sense. In true sense he was posing as vagrant so that he could freely travel through the land without
being challenged. He wore a bogus cap to cheat the people and the tripods. He openly told the
people that tripods were enemies of human beings and they were Alien invaders and not all
benefactors of human beings.
Q.6 What had probably caused the ruin of great cities?
Ans. Some natural calamity such as earth quakes, floods or epidemics caused the ruin of the great
cities or they were destroyed in war.
Chapter 7 - The Great Jewel Robbery


[edit]
Summary
Details of Robbery
On 18th June at about 2:50 pm two robbers wearing loose white coats like dentists, covering their
faces with Mickey Mouse masks rushed into the main branch of New Era Jewelers at 10 Main
Street. One of them was holding a revolver pointed at the staff of the shop. Another had a heavy
hammer in his hand. He shouted "hands up or we shot". The armed robber with his hammer
smashed the showcase. He took out plastic bag from his pocket and filled it with jewelery worth of a
million rupees. Then the dacoit hit with ships and entered the street and tore off their masks jumping
into a waiting white Datsun drove away. There was a driver in the car who drove the car. Mr Saigal,
the manager of the Jewelery shop chased the running robbers but he failed to see the faces of the
robbers and also could not note the number of the white Datsun due to his weak eyesight.
Report of Traffic Census Department:
At the time when the robbery was being committed a traffic survey was being conducted in the area
of Main Street by Traffic Census Department. The department had set up TV monitors at Bank
Road and Ash Lane to record traffic leaving the area and from the film of TV camera it was
revealed that on 18th June in the period of 2:46 pm to 3:30 pm only two White Datsun cars left the
area bearing license numbers (i) GAL-4926 and (ii) LHE-2197
However by the TV camera set up on Bank Road a third White Van was seen at 2:30 pm. That car
was a stolen car which did not leave the area but turned sight from Bank Road and ran along Park
Street in the direction of East. Its license number was recorded RIT-7868
Police Investigation About the Three White Cars
Inspector Azam who was assigned the job to investigate the jewel Robbery had sent his men to
make full inquiry of the three suspected white cars spotted in the area of the robbery incident and
following information was collected:
Datsun Van GAL-4926
This car was owned by Mr. Masud Hasan. On 18th June he drove it with his friend Mr. Asif Jan to
the National Bank and parked the car in the car park opposite to the Bank.
Datsun Van RIT-7868
According to the report of the owner of this car namely Mrs. Eva Chinoy she drove this car with her
friend Miss Simi Aziz to the Elegance hair Salon in Main Street and arrived there at 1:30 pm where
she dropped Miss Aziz and parked the car in the park opposite and went to Nadim Restaurant to
relish a snack. This restaurant is located in Cat Lane round the corner from the Elegance Salon. She
added in her statement that she stayed in the restaurant for an hour there and went back to the car
park and waited for Miss Aziz who came out at about 3:30 and then she drove back home via Main
Street and Main Road.
The Car park record proved the arrival and departure stated by Mrs. Chinoy.
Report by Detective Niaz
As directed by the head of Police investigation team. Inspector Azam and detective Niaz
investigated Mr. Asif Jan, Miss Simi Aziz and Mr. Nadim Ismail and provided following
information about their whereabouts in the afternoon of 18th-June.
(i) Miss Aziz was in elegance Hair Salon from about 1:30 pm to 3:30 pm
(ii) Mr. Jan was in the National Bank from about 2:30 pm to 3:30 pm
(iii) Miss Chinoy visited the Nadim Restaurant in all afternoon of June 18 and left the restaurant at
2:30pm
Consolidation of Investigation Data and Preparation of Situation Chart
Mr. Azam put all the data of investigation on a chart on the white board and got a street plan of
robbery area. Then he had a detailed comprehensive discussion on the robbery case with his staff
and made a list of suspects and decided to hold further questioning to apprehend the real criminals.
In this case the prime suspect seems to be Mrs. Eva Chinoy as it is not known as to what she was
doing between 1:30 to 2:30 and again between 2:30 to 3:30 on 18th June in the robbery area.
[edit]
Difficult Words
Postpone --------------- delay
Detective -------------- a person who investigate
Champaign -------------- organized method of working
Sufficient ------------- enough
Commit ----------------- carry out a crime
Compensation ----------- payment for the damage
Establish -------------- set up
[edit]
Q.1 What sort of evidences the police tries to collect after a crime has been committed?
Ans. Police attaches great importance to interview the eyewitnesses who were present at the time at
place of committed crime. They as the victims of the crime if they could identify the criminals, if
not, whether the eyewitnesses describe the features and appearance of the criminals. The license
number car/vans/motorcycles used by the criminals if read by the victims of crime then they should
be noted. Next their owners should be located and interviewed. People living in the neighbourhood
of the spot of crime are also included in the investigation. All such steps are taken to have a clue to
lead to hide out the criminals.
Q.2 Is it necessary for the police to visit the scene of the crime after the criminals have already
escaped?
Ans. Whatever degree of intelligence a criminal possesses he/she bound to commit some mistake in
his/her haste to escape from the spot of crime. He/she may leave some clue behind which may help
police to chase the criminal or by smelling such things by police dogs the way of escaping criminals
can be traced. The criminals may leave behind things like handkerchief visiting card or cover of the
cartridge used for shooting or some fingerprints etc. Hence the police and detectives should visit the
crime spot to find such clues even after the crime.
Q.3 What sorts of people are interviewed by Police after crime has been committed?
Ans. Police keeps a list of habitual criminal their fingerprints, etc. so to have a clue to trace the
criminals. Some such history sheets are interviewed tactfully. Further in interviews the staff of the
organization or shop in which crime is committed is included to find out whether the accomplice of
the criminals is not a disloyal member of the shop. Sometimes the watchman and other staff
members co-operate with criminals in committing crimes so such people have also to be
interviewed and interrogated.
Q.4 Why police takes written statements from the people to interview?
Ans. Police takes written statements to contract an investigation plan to ponder over and to discuss
in order to have a clue to locate the criminals.
Q.5 How police detects that a statement is not truthful?
Ans. Police interviews and obtains the statements of some selected witnesses or the person who in
some way know some facts of the crime. Then they record them in one file and compare them. In
this comparison if they find that a particular statement is quite different from all other statements
then they come to know that the statement is untrue and it makes further queries from the maker of
such statement to find the truth or clue to trace the criminals.
Q.6 What do you think the police do with the statements and other evidence they collect? Ans. The
police examine the evidence thoroughly and try to establish certain links which might lead them to
reach the criminals. Without the evidence and eyewitness accounts, it is almost impossible for the
police to solve the mystery of a crime
Q.7 What might be reasons behind a crime/
Ans. There might be a single reason or a number of reasons behind a crime. An important single
reason is that crimes are mostly committed for the sake of money. The criminals want big money
without any labour. They want to become rich over night. The other reason might include
animostly, hatred, prejudice, jealousy and revenge. Of these animosity or enmity is the most
powerful driving force which is only second to the greed of wealth.
Q.8 Would you consider it sufficient for the police to interview and obtain a statement from one
person only? Give reasons for your answers.
Ans. It is deficient to interview and obtain a statement from only one person. In fact, the more
people they interview, the more information they get. If there are clashes between the statements of
the people, they might also be removed after talking to many people.
Chapter 8 - London Road


[edit]
Summary
All the people who live in UK, USA and the European countries are rich and well to do. In every
country there exist vast countrysides inhabited by poor, old-fashioned, hand to mouth rustic people.
Most of them lead nomadic life like gypsies.
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A famous English author Laurie Lee has written a novel about the life of a cotswold youth who left
his countryside home located in the range of hills of southern England to migrate London city
roughly a hundred miles away from his native place to be approached by London Road. The youth
spent his life in London for one year by playing his traditional violin and labouring on a London
building site as a construction labour.
The main character of the novel is a rustic English youth who had three sisters and four brothers
(including him). Their mother was still alive. It was the year 1924 when the family of the youth still
residing in the home country consisted of mother and three sons in all four. Probably their father
had belonged to ages long before. Now the second son of the family also resolved to leave home
and to proceed to London leaving behind a small family of mother and her two sons in all three
persons.
One sunny Midsummer morning on June 1934 the adventurous rustic youth was provided a heavy
breakfast by his mother who was apparently a little bit aggrieved or worried about her separation
from her second son. She did not utter a single word but her motherly instincts unconsciously forced
to put her hand on chain sitting on which the youth relished his breakfast probably the last thing
cooked affectionately by his mother. It was really a pathetic state of affair. The old lady made no
fuss, no appeals, and no attempts to weep and did not advise the youth. She did not tax him with any
kind of persuasion and revelation of any kind of grief. She was brave women born to bear the
trouble of separation from her Kith and Kin as an ideal rustic mother who believed that poverty is
the fate of rural population world over.
The youth who was about 19 years old was not a fully matured man indeed a brave and self-
confident person who believed that if he tried he would surely make good fortune. His food
provision of journey consisted of a tin of treacle biscuits and some cheese not sufficient for a 100
miles journey on foot on a dusty road.
He was bit excited. He had vain glorious feelings. he did not know as to how far he would be
required to walk. He saw around the last glimpse of the cottage walls narrowing like the arms of an
iron maiden. He recollected the secret whispering of rustic lasses "MARRY AND SETTLE
DOWN". He set aside this type of psychological stimuli because he has grown tired of his
wandering in the lily area, joblessly and naturally painfully.
He was wearing a pair of heavy strong boots and had a hazel stick in his hand. The brave son of
Adam traveled alone when his village paradise was lost. He tramped through the treeless hills of
Wiltshire on a dusty track. At time he had a strange feelings of home-sickness and his sub-conscious
heard the sound of hurrying footsteps coming after him and the voices of his two brothers and
mother call him back.
the reality was that he was alone; he was free to go where ever he wanted at his sweet will and
pleasure. His inner self murmured, "You asked for it. Its up to you now. You are on your own and
nobody's going to stop you".
It is a human instinct that one cannot over come the feeling of the home sickness so when he
stepped forward to London Road he heard the echoes of home by tinkling sound of her kitchen,
shafts of sun from the windows falling across his household furniture's across his bedroom and the
very bed which he had left at his village home!!
[edit]
Difficult Words
Inevitable --------------------- unavoidable
Mournfully --------------------- sadly
Taunted ------------------------ hurt
Echoes ------------------------- repeated sounds
Familiar ----------------------- well known
Reluctance --------------------- unwillingness
Vainglorious ------------------- very proud / arrogant
Gnarled ------------------------ rough
Propelled ---------------------- persuaded to leave
[edit]
Q.1 What was the part of the writer's life that he closed forever?
Ans. The days passed in the village where he grew up and got education in the school were ended.
The period of his country life is closed for good.
Q.2 How did writer's mother feel about his leaving home and how did she sow her feelings?
Ans. The writer's mother felt sorrow about his leaving home. Her three daughters and a son had
already left her. She showed her feelings by looking at him progressively without saying any words
just raising her hand in farewell and blessing.
Q.3 The writer says that before his departure his mother gave him only a long and searching look.
What do you think the look was searching for/
Ans. She was looking for his maternal love. She wanted that he did not go but she did not utter a
single word to convince him not to go.
Q.4 Do you think the writer's home life was a happy one?
Ans. No, the writer had spent months of restless unease before leaving home.
Q.5 Did the writer enjoy the feeling that he was now free?
Ans. When nobody stopped him from going, he became very pleased feeling himself free. He was
on his own. He could do what ever liked. He cherished his freedom.
Q.6 Quote the words that tell us that the writer had an optimistic nature?
Ans. He had an optimistic nature. His nature is exposed in these words : "Go where you will. It's all
yours. You asked for it. It's up to you now. You are on your won, and nobody's going to stop you."
Q.7 Why did the writer spend months wandering about the hills before he left the home?
Ans. It is very hard task to leave one's native place forever. He loved the scenery and the people of
his country home. He, therefore, took many months to make the final decision of going to London.
Chapter 9 - Early Autumn


[edit]
Summary
Bill and Mary had been in love many years ago. They spent many nights walking and talking
together. However, they got angry at each other on a trifle. Impulsively, she had married a man she
though she loved. Bill went away, bitter about women.
Bill became a lawyer and worked with a nice firm in downtown. He also got married to a girl. After
several years had passed, they ran across each other under the trees of Washington square. It was
Marry who saw him and called by name. Bill did not recognize her at first sight. She looked old.
Anyway, he came to recognize her. Unconsciously she lifted her face as though wanting a kiss, but
Bill restricted himself to shaking hands with Mary. They asked about each other families. Bill told
that he was a lawyer and had two children. Marry told him that she was working in Bursar's office
and she had three kinds. Both of them invited each other to their homes. It was early autumn; the
leaves were falling from the trees without wind. They did not have much time talking to each other.
Mary bus came and she got on it. She wanted to tell Bill something but she could not. The bus went
off. They even could not tell each other their addresses. Mary could not even tell Bill that her
youngest son was name Bill .
[edit]
Difficult Words
Impulsively --------------------- without thinking
Bitter -------------------------- not sweet
Bursar -------------------------- person in charge of Finance of an school/college
Desperately --------------------- urgently
Grin ---------------------------- to smile, wide smile
Mist ---------------------------- thin fog
Avenue -------------------------- wide, tree-line road in a city
Utter --------------------------- to say
Shriek -------------------------- scream sound
Recognize ----------------------- identify as already known
Trifle -------------------------- thing of slight value or importance
Offend -------------------------- cause offense to, upset
[edit]
Q.1 Why did Mary and Bill not marry when they were young?
Ans. Although Mary and Bill were in love with each. They offended by something unimportant.
They stopped talking to each other and got away from each others life. Thus they could not marry
each other when they were young.
Q.2 What effect did this youthful breakup have on each of them?
Ans. Bill went away feeling bitter about woman. Mary impulsively got married with a man. Bill
settled as lawyer and married some girl. Bill did not seem to have had effects as he forgot his affair
with Mary soon. However, Mary seemed to have regretted for the break-up between them. She
looked old and unhappy. She did not sy anything about her husband while Bill mentioned his wife's
name too.
Q.3 Did marry and Bill show-similar emotions when they met after several years?
Ans. Mary seemed more emotional than Bill. It was Mary who spotted Bill and Mary thought that
Bill would kiss her because they had been in love with each other in the past. Bill only restricted
himself to shaking hands with Mary. Even Mary wanted to tell Bill something but she did not have
time or courage to do so. Bill was calm and composed and showed no strong emotion.
Q.4 What might Mary want to Bill which she was unable to express?
Ans. I think Mary wanted to tell bill that she really regretted missing Bill. She did not look happy
with her marriage. The person to whom she married did not love her much. She looked old and
disturbed. She did not her husband's name or his profession.
Q.5 Make one question from this story for class discussion?
Ans. One question from the story comes to mind. The question is "Are love marriages more
successful?" students might make points for or against. Some people think love marriages are
mostly failures. Other thinks they are very successful. No hard and fast rule can be made. It all
depends on husbands and wives whether they have good understanding and tolerance of each other
or not. Love after marriage is more important than love before marriage.
Chapter 10 - Charles

Contents
• 1 Summary
• 2 Difficult Words
• 3 Choose the Correct

Answer
• 4 True and False
• 5 Question and Answers

[edit]
Summary
Laurie five years old student of kindergarten had just started go to school wearing his blue jeans
with a beldt, accompanied with a next door older girl. Apparently like other children of his age he
was not pleased to attend the school. On returning from the school on his very first day he slammed
the door abruptly threw his cap ruthlessly on the floor and shouted in raucous manner. "isn't
anybody here?" At Lunch he spoke insolently to his father. Next he spilled the milk of his baby
sister. His affectionate mother and father still thought that he was a very well behaved lad.
To add to misery his small devilish mind created an imaginary classmate namely Charles and
attributed to him all kinds of naughty and evil qualities of being rough with his classmate insolent
with his teacher. Laurie narrated day to day account of charles misdeeds at school and his cruel and
ill treatment with his classmates in such a way that his parents were convinced that there existed a
devilish child namely Charles who had created a kind of terror in the kindergarten school. Laurie's
mother thought about the helpless mother of Charles and resolved to meet her in the school on the
occasion of PTA meeting next week. On Friday of that week Laurie informed his mother that
Charles had become abusive and instigated a girl of her class to use bad words. It was rather an
alarming news for the parents of Laurie and they discussed about it somewhat seriously.
When on the scheduled day off PTA meeting Laurie's mother visited her son's school. She tried to
locate Charles mother in order to sympathize and console her for being a troubled mother of a Devil
boy like Charles. She thought Charles' mother to be present in PTA meeting but during discussion
with the teacher of school about Charles and his strange character the teacher remarked with
surprise.
"Charles?" She said "We don't have any Charles in the kindergarten."
(This was the demise of the imaginary devil-child Charles so artistically created by the mastermind
of Laurie!!!).
[edit]
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Difficult Words
Rude ---------------- impolite
Strain -------------- stress; physical tension
Renounce ------------ to give up officially
Swagger ------------- proud way of walking
Spank --------------- to beat; to smack on the behind
Insanely ------------ madly
Insolent ------------ rude
[edit]
Choose the Correct Answer
For each of the bold words or phrases, three meanings are given. Choose the best answer.
1. Fresh
a) Recently printed or published
b) In fairly good condition
c) Disrespectful; impudent; bold and outspoken
2. (To) have your hands full
a) Be very busy; be occupied with many things
b) Receive many gifts; accept a number of presents
c) Life heavy things; move large objects
3. Haggard
a) Scholastic
b)Professional, bookish
c) Looking tired; weary and care worn
4. (To) Spank
a) Punish by striking or slapping
b) Say hello to someone
c) Write a shortly note
5. (To) take the name of the lord in vain
a) Swear or curse; use bad language
b) Call or advertise for help ; broadcast
c) Steal money and valuables from church; rob poor people
[edit]
True and False
1. Laurie doesn't want his mother to treat him like a baby. (True)
2. Laurie's parents are not interested in his welfare or school life. (False)
3. Laurie's mother and Charles's mother know each other. (False)
4. Sometimes Charles seems to be very good, well behaved child. (True)
5. Charles never attended Kindergarten. (True)
[edit]
Q.1 What are the some characteristics of Laurie?
Ans. Laurie was a devilish genius for his age. He had a creative mind with evil designs. He was
naturally mischievous and he wanted to behave as thought about Charles. He was rough in his
attitude with his parents and baby sister. What he wanted to do and could not do he attributed all
such desired in the form of characteristics of the imaginary child Charles.
Q.2 Did Laurie's mother ever meet Charles mother?
Ans. It was out of question because when Charles himself was an imaginary child then how come
his mother would exist.
Q.3 Why did Laurie's mother believe in cock and bull stories about Charles?
Ans. She loved her son so madly that regarded her son to be an angle-boy and believed that Laurie
was thousand times better than Charles and hence he deserved more affection and favour less he
would also become as Charles.
Q.4 What is PTA meeting? What are some of its activities?
Ans. A PTA is a parent teachers association. It's a type of get together where both parents and
teachers can discuss students problems.
Q.5 How does the teacher seem to react to "Charles"? What kinds of things does she have him do in
the classroom?
Ans. The teacher seems to react to Charles in a normal way. She punishes him slightly by spanking
him in a corner of the class room or staying there after the school. Then asked him to give the
crayons around and pick up the books.
Q.6 What are the some of the characteristics of Charles? How does Laurie let his parents and
teacher know what kind of person Charles is?
Ans. The characteristics of Charles are not different from Laurie as it is Laurie who invented
Charles. Charles is rude, badly behaved, naughty, free spirited, troublesome and problematic. Laurie
lets his parents and teacher know about Charles by his fictitious stories about him.
Q.7 What is the moral of the story "Charles"?
Ans. Its moral is that "Extra affection spoils the child!" The parents should scold and check the
children if they behave insolently and become naughty other wise the children may develop into a
menace for the parents when they grow up.
Chapter 11 - The Man who had No Eyes


[edit]
Summary
Parsons and Markwardt both were labourers and both loved in Westbury. They worked in the firm
run by some capitalist owner. They led hand to mouth life apparently when on one-day unfortunate
bloody disaster occurred. There was a chemical explosion in which hundred and eight human lives
were lost and over fifty people were rendered blind. A the time of explosion Parsons and Markwardt
were in C-shop. Due to explosion the place was filled with dangerous poisonous gases. All the
people in C-shop ran for their lives Parsons escaped unhurt probably and Markwardt hauled back on
Parsons rushed out of C-shop and later was blinded by the effect of poisonous gases. For many
years this disaster was not even mentioned in newspapers and the disaster was forgotten by the
people.
Parsons was fortunate; he was not all hurt in the explosion. He worked hard and became a
successful insurance salesman and led a prosperous complacent life. Markwardt became blind
beggar and walked in the streets with the help of battered cane and thumped his way before him. He
became a shaggy thick necked person. His coat was greasy. He wore a black pouch slung over his
shoulders which he carried cigarette lighters and sold them to passers by for one buck.
Fourteen long years passed when by chance accidentally Markwardt collide with Parsons and he
offered a lighter for sale to Parsons and also begged for help. Parsons gave two half dollar coins to
Markwardt, which he readily pocketed. By chance Markwardt asked Markwardt about the cause of
his blindness. Markwrdt mentioned the Westbury chemical explosion and C-shop. Then Parsons
recognized Markwardt. Parsons pitied the plight of Markwardt. Markwardt recollected all past
events and in a painful voice uttered "You got away but i am blind! Do you hear? I'm ..."
People overhead blind Markwardt in the street and turned and started looking the two persons.
Parsons felt slightly awkward and remarked "Well - do not make such a row about it Markwardt - so
Am I!"
[edit]
Difficult Words
Shaggy ----------------- With long hair
Splayed ---------------- turned outwards
Reminisce -------------- to recollect the memory about the past events.
Futile ----------------- useless
Boorish ---------------- rude
Haul ------------------- to pull with difficulty
Wearily ---------------- in a tired way
[edit]
Q.1 What is the difference in the description between the blind beggar and the insurance salesman?
Ans. There was an obvious difference in the exterior of the blind beggar and the insurance
salesman. The blind beggar was shaggy, thick-necked and dirty. He wore black pouch slung over
his shoulder. In that pouch, he kept something (cigarette lighters) to sell. He assumed the role of a
professional beggar. The insurance salesman was young, handsome, neat and clean and smartly
dressed. He wore a clean and tidy gray suit and gray hat. He also kept Malaeca stick with, as he was
blind too.
Q.2 What did Mr. Parsons feel when he heard the blind man approach and why?
Ans. Mr. Parsons felt immense sympathy for the blind because he knew that pain and misery of
being as he himself got blind in an accident at his work.
Q.3 Why was blind beggar always eager to narrate his tale of how he lost his sight?
Ans. He always ready to narrate his story because he looked more a professional beggar who always
told his tragic stories to get money from people, arousing people's pity for him and extracting
money from them.
Q.4 Do you think Mr. parsons is blind? If yes, then how did you recognize who the beggar was?
Ans. Yes, Mr. Parson he told that he was blind too. Besides, he also kept a stick with him like other
blind people. Mr. Parsons recognized the beggar's identity when he mentioned the name of
Westbury. Mr. Parsons even remembered the name of the blind man as Markwardt. It was
Markwardt who had trampled him to escape hurriedly from the place.
Q.5 What is the moral of the story?
Ans. The moral of the story is that a man who has the will can do great deeds even he is
handicapped.
Chapter 12 - Plan of Attack


[edit]
Summary
In a pleasant spring afternoon Ella MeCarthy sat on a green painted chair in Kensington looking
passively around. She was waiting for her boyfriend. Bertie Heasant in whose absence the pleasant
spring atmosphere seemed gloomy to her.
Her mood changed when Bertie came and the lover had a cordial and intimate talk. Ella thanked
him for his present of the handkerchiefs, which he had sent to her but at the same time she seriously
objected to the behaviour of Mrs. Heasant mother of Bertie who ws in the habit of opening all the
private letters addressed to Bertie by his friends specially his girl friends. She thus posed as a big
hurdle in the Ella-Bertie affair and Ella could not dare to write letters to Bertie and Bertie also was
afraid to promote his pen friendship with Ella.
By chance Bertie discussed his problem by one of his sincere friend Clovis Sangrail. Clovic made a
separate scheme to set right the matter of Bertie's mother undue interference in his personal affairs.
One fine day he sent a set of cunning letters on the address of Bertie Heasant. The first letter was
sent in a scented cover from an imaginary girl friend of Bertie namely Clotilde in which there was
mentioned about jewels and Bertie was asked to be courageous to handle them. As usual on receipt
of this letter, Mrs. Heasant opened that letter. Bertie ws not at home and when he came she made a
great fuss on this letter and pestered Bertie by a large number of questions, scolding and threatening
and made it difficult for him to breathe comfortably. He rushed into his room and closed it from
inside.
After an hour another letter was received in the name of Bertie, which really proved to be a bomb
blast in the House of Heasant, which has been opened by Mrs. Heasant. This letter had a mysterious
message to the simpleton Bertie. The letter said:
"So you have really done it --- poor girl! Poor Dagmart you wicked boy, the servants all think that
she killed herself and there will be best not to touch the jewels yet."
Apparently when Mrs. Heasant read the above letter she was almost became hysteric. For her the
life of his son seemed to be at stake. She suspected the theft of jewels and murder of a girl Dagmart
was committed by Bertie. She ran to the room of Bertie upstairs and started to beat at the door
madly. "Miserable boy what have you done to Dagmart." She yelled and wept and scolded Bertie
non-stop.
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Bertie was also confused because he did not know as to who was the witch Clotilde who has
haunted his life and was bent upon to destroy him and the entire House of Heasant.
In the evening a third letter arrived from Bertie's fast-friend Clovis Sangrail which solved all the
mystery and he apologized for causing all the inconvenience by his first two letters disturbing and
shaking the very foundation of Heasant who was in the habit of opening the private letters of Bertie.
By this time Mrs. Heasant was so much badly tortured mentally and psychologically perplexed that
she virtually repented for her bad habit of opening the private letters of Bertie and creating scenes in
the house.
[edit]
Difficult Words
Inaudibly ---------------- which cannot be heard
Conscious ---------------- aware
Confess ------------------ admit some fault
Fetch -------------------- go and bring
Drag --------------------- to pull someone or something
Astonishing -------------- surprising
Improbable --------------- unlikely
Opportunity -------------- chance
Reference ---------------- hint
Eagerness ---------------- keenness
Existence ---------------- being; life
Anxiously ---------------- worried
[edit]
Question And Answers
Q.1 Why did Ella McCarthy's dull afternoon suddenly brighten up?
Ans. Ella was sitting alone on a chair in Kensington Garden. There was no one to keep her
company. That's why spring afternoon seems dull to her. The she say Bertie coming towards her. He
was Ella's friend. On seeing Bertie, Ella's dull afternoon immediately turned bright.
Q.2 List three of Bertie's mother qualities. Give examples.
Ans. Bertie's mother's three qualities were maternal, interfering and inquisitive. She had a bad habit
of opening others letters and reading them. Bertie's mother actually wanted to search for signs of
youthful troubles and difficulties by reading her children's letters so that she could help them out.
Reading others' letters however is basically regarded as interference in their private lives. Bertie and
his sisters had quarreled with her about it a number of times but she did not care about it. When she
received Clovis's letter to Bertie in the name of a girl, she became curious and started inquiring.
Q.3 What role did Clovis play in resolving Bertie's problem?
Ans. Clovis solved Bertie's problem by sending three thrilling letters in one day. In the first letter he
wrote to Bertie to be brave enough to get the jewels under the false name of girl Clotilde. In the
second letter, Bertie was congratulated on carrying out the act of killing the girl effectively and
warning him not to touch the jewels yet but to wait for some time. The third letter clarified the
whole situation so that person reading the private letters of others might stop doing so and it
certainly happened. In this way Clovis was triumphant at his attempt attempt of helping Bertie.
Q.4 Who is most interesting character in this story?
Ans. I think Bertie is the most interesting character of this story. He is about twenty but he can't
solve a simple domestic problem. He could not convince his mother not to read his private letters.
He is sorry about it in front of his girl friend Ella and states the problem to his friend Clovis. Bertie
is, however, lucky to have a friend like Clovis who helps him get rid of his problem.
Q.5 Why did Bertie's mother read all the letters that came to her home?
Ans. She thought it maternal to know each and everything about her children in order to same them
from any trouble of youth. She might also be of inquisitive nature.
hapter 13 - The Story of An Hour


[edit]
Summary
Mrs. Mallard was a heart patient. The news of her husband's death might take her life so her sister
Josephine told the news of her husband's death in broken sentence. A friend of her husband who
brought the news of the death of her husband. Friend of her husband was also there which he had
got from the office of newspaper.
When Mrs. Mallard heard the news of her husband she did not react unusually but she wept bitterly
in the arms of her sister and after few moments she went to her room and closed the room's door and
she sat on an armchair. First she felt the great intensity of his grief and felt loneliness then she
realized that its the beauty of nature. She felt herself free from all tensions. She knew that she would
look at the face of her dead husband who never loved her. She came to know that she would not live
for anyone but for herself now.
Josephine came to the door and called her sister by name Louise and requested to open the door. But
after ward she came down stairs clasping her at the waist of her sister where Richard was waiting.
When they reached there someone suddenly open the door and came inside unconsciously. It was
Mr. Mallard who had been away at the home of the railway accident this his life was saved. Richard
tried to keep away Mr. Mallard from there but it was late, she had been died of heart attack.
[edit]
Difficult Words
Elusive ----------------- difficult to point out
Veiled ------------------ hidden
(To) haunt -------------- to return to mind mind repeatedly
Unwittingly ------------- unintentional
Tumultuously ------------ violent
Afflicted --------------- suffered from
Hastened ---------------- made a hurry
Twitter ----------------- chirp, sing (of birds)
Slender ----------------- weak
Exhaustion -------------- tiredness
Revealed ---------------- let out, disclosed
Distant ----------------- remote
[edit]
Q.1 What was Mrs. Mallard's first reaction to the news of her husband's alleged death?
Ans. She wept at once, with sudden wild abandonment in her sister Josephine's arms. She rushed to
her room and she stood facing the open window and sank into the armchair near the window. The
weather was bit cloudy and the spring season had set it. She looked outside the window with empty
eyes. She threw back her head upon the cushion of the chair, calm and repressed. She expected that
something was coming to her and she was waiting for it.
Q.2 What was her later reaction?
Ans. She felt a sense of freedom from bondage, as she did not lead a happy married life. She
thought of the days ahead when she would live for herself.
Q.3 What words did she use to express her later feelings?
Ans. She said over and over under her breath with slightly parted lips. "Free, Free!" She was staring
and had a terrified facial expression. Meanwhile her pulse was beating fast.
Q.4 What is the surprise ending of the story?
Ans. Although she was very badly shocked to hear the news of death of her husband death and was
feeling that her unbearable grief would end her life, but she survived. She thought about the agony
of lonely, dreadful of many years as a widow. Then all of a sudden Brently Mallard arrived from his
outside tour. He was not on a train which faced accident. On his appearance Louise was so much
overjoyed that she died by an extreme shock of joy. So she was killed by the great joy and not by
the shock of alleged of her husband's death.
Q.5 What is the central idea of this story?
Ans. Sometimes extreme grief does not cause death but extreme joy can kill a person. Death is
certain irrespective of the fact whether it occurs by the shock of grief or by the thunderbolt of an
extreme joy.
Q.6 What is your idea about the married life of Mr. and Mrs. Mallard after reading this story?
Ans. Mr. Mallard and his wife were not passing the happy life. Mr. Mallard not love his wife and
she felt her alone and normally she had deep attraction to her husband.
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B.Sc. Notes : (First Year) 1

Squeezed exert pressure, to force Monitor person or device for checking,

Hitherto untill this time, up to now Install place in position

Inconvenient causing trouble, difficulty Die down become fewer

Pedestrian person who goes on feet

Question and Answers

Prof: Mir Shakil Ahmed Talpur GDC Tando Jan Muhammad

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B.Sc. Notes : (First Year) 2

Q.6 What do you think the conclusion will be?

Chapter 2 - Gentle Giants

Prof: Mir Shakil Ahmed Talpur GDC Tando Jan Muhammad

B.Sc. Notes : (First Year) 3

Offspring ---------------------- child, young

Rip ---------------------------- tear

Ramp --------------------------- to play about energetically

Charge ------------------------- attack

Clamber ------------------------ to climb with difficulty

Spoiling ----------------------- showing great affection for

Enclosure ---------------------- place surrounded by a wall

Inoffensive animals ------------ animals that are harmless

Dies hard ---------------------- It is difficult to forget

Adored grand-children ---------- grand-children that are greatly loved

Q.2 How do gorillas live in the thick forests of Africa?

Prof: Mir Shakil Ahmed Talpur GDC Tando Jan Muhammad

B.Sc. Notes : (First Year) 4

Q.4 How do the gorillas bring up their children?

Q.7 What is future of gorillas according to the lession "Gentle Giants"?

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Prof: Mir Shakil Ahmed Talpur GDC Tando Jan Muhammad

B.Sc. Notes : (First Year) 5

Strenuous ------------------ energetic, needing energy

Profound ------------------- deep

Demonstrate ---------------- to show by doing practical

Portray -------------------- to show, to describe

Whisk ---------------------- to move quickly

Utopia --------------------- imaginary perfect world

Extensive ------------------ very vast

Formidable ----------------- difficult

Chore ---------------------- piece of routine work

Prof: Mir Shakil Ahmed Talpur GDC Tando Jan Muhammad

B.Sc. Notes : (First Year) 6

Q.3 What household chores can a robot do?

Q.4 Why can people sleep soundly at their home?

Chapter 4 - The Door Swings Open

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Prof: Mir Shakil Ahmed Talpur GDC Tando Jan Muhammad

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B.Sc. Notes : (First Year) 7

Offend -------------- 1. cause offense to , upset 2. Displease, Anger

Student Body --------- all student member of college

Influential ---------- having great influence

Diffident ----------- shy, lacking self-confidence

Unanimously ---------- all in agreement (committee was unanimous)

Authorities ---------- favouring or enforcing strict obedience to authority

Q.2 How did Elizabeth get admission in the medical college?

Prof: Mir Shakil Ahmed Talpur GDC Tando Jan Muhammad

B.Sc. Notes : (First Year) 8

Chapter 5 - How to Study?