Haylie Garrity

Argumentative Essay Outline

Vaccines are said to be the number one most effective way to prevent disease. When a
vaccine is given, a very small dosage of the disease and other chemicals are injected in order for
the body’s immune system to respond to it, and know how to get rid of the disease if it is ever
encountered again in the future. Some parents believe that vaccines are dangerous and cause
injury, while others argue the opposite. It is important for parents to vaccinate their children
because it eliminates the risk of serious diseases and illnesses, it saves the lives of children and
future generations, and vaccines are proven to be safe in the amounts used.

BT1: Parents should vaccinate their children because they prevent disease, lead to a healthier
life, and are safe.

CD1: A study done in order to evaluate the effectiveness of the seasonal influenza vaccine was
discussed in the article, “Interim Estimates of 2018–19 Seasonal Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness
— United States, February 2019.” The results showed that there was a decrease of 40%–60% in
influenza cases across all ages and that approximately 80% of reported pediatric
influenza-associated deaths have occurred in children who were not vaccinated (Joshua D.
Doyle, Jessie R. Chung, Sara S. Kim, et al., 2019).

CD2: P​neumonia is the second most frequent killer of children under five years old worldwide.
According to the article, “Impact of the 13-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine on Clinical
and Hypoxemic Childhood Pneumonia over Three Years in Central Malawi: An Observational
Study,” a study was done that looked at children under five to evaluate the rates of pneumonia
after the before and after the vaccines were given. As a result, the rates of pneumonia-associated
mortality for hospitalized cases declined by 41% after the vaccine was given (McCollum ED,
Nambiar B, Deula R, Zadutsa B, Bondo A, et al., 2017).

CD3: According to the article, “​Aluminum in vaccines: Does it create a safety problem?” a study
was tested to see whether or not Aluminum in vaccines was linked to neurotoxicity, a form of
toxicity in which a biological, chemical, or physical agent produces an adverse effect on the
structure or function of the central and/or peripheral nervous system. As a result, it was
determined that current data did not support the elimination of Aluminum from vaccines because
the amounts used in vaccines (about ​800 µg per dose)​ was less than the US regulated limit
(850-1250​µg)​ (Principi, N., & Esposito, S., 2018).

BT2: Although vaccines are proven to be safe, some parents still argue that they are dangerous
and cause more illness than they prevent.

CD1: ​The article, “An Experimental Investigation into the Transmission of Antivax Attitudes
Using a Fictional Health Controversy,” discusses an experiment done in order to understand
which aspects of vaccination-related information are well transmitted and how it affects the
decisions on vaccinations. The result was that the experience-based view held by the parent was
better transmitted than the medical-based view held by the doctor (Jiménez, Á V., Stubbersfield,
J. M., & Tehrani, J. J., 2018).

CD2: In the article, “Parental Attitudes and Perceptions Associated with Childhood Vaccine
Exemptions in High-exemption Schools,” a study was done to determine how many people
received highschool exemptions for vaccines. Respondents who indicated that they sought care
from a Naturopath or a Doctor of Osteopathy were statistically significantly more likely to be
exemptors (23.6%) than non-exemptors (7.8%). It states that these anti-vax parents believed ​it
was better for their child to develop immunity through illness rather than vaccination (​Pottinger,
Jacobs, Haenchen, Ernst, 2018).

CD3: A study done to discuss if the HPV vaccine is dangerous or not was explored in the article,
“Dangerous Agent or Saviour? HPV Vaccine Representations on Online Discussion Forums in
Romania.” It was stated that parents would not accept the vaccination and considered the HPV
vaccine to be more dangerous than the disease itself. An example was given stating that there
was a video of a 14 year old girl that had suddenly become very ill after receiving the vaccine
and died hours after (Marcela A. Penţa, Adriana Băban, 2014).

CD4: The article, “The National Vaccine Injury Compensation Program Striking a Balance
Between Individual Rights and Community Benefit,” states that the 21st Century Cures Act
requires that the Vaccine Injury Compensation Program (VICP) cover vaccines recommended
for pregnant women, stating that a vaccinated pregnant woman and her unborn child or children
both can file a claim with the VICP. In 2009 and 2010, autism was considered a possible
complication of vaccines by the US Court of Federal Claims (H. Cody Meissner, Narayan Nair,
Stanley A. Plotkin, 2019).

BT3: Although it is agreeable that children may have different reactions to vaccines, it is very
rare for a vaccine injury to occur, and many anti-vaccine parents do not fully educate themselves
on the vaccines suggested for their child.

CD1: The article, “​Parent Perspectives on Childhood Vaccination: How to Deal With Vaccine
Hesitancy and Refusal?” discusses a study done on why parents choose not to vaccinate their
children. ​Only 37.1% of the parents reported to seek information about vaccination from the
pediatrician, and 12% of them stated that their decision was based on the media (​Bianco, A.,
Mascaro, V., Zucco, R., & Pavia, M., 2019).

CD2: A study done in the article, “Demonstration of Background Rates of Three Conditions of
Interest for Vaccine Safety Surveillance,” discusses health outcomes related to vaccines. It states
that the average annualized vaccine incidences of adolescents aged 11–17 years old was 0.8 per
100,000 (Anne E. Wormsbecker, Caitlin Johnson, Laura Bourns, Tara Harris, Natasha S.
Crowcroft, Shelley L. Deeks, 2019).

CD3: The article, “Understanding The Host –Pathogen Interaction Saves Lives: Lessons from
Vaccines and Vaccination,” states that clinical trials for vaccines are are tested tens of thousands
of times and that vaccines are licensed include post- license monitoring. (Julie R. Garon and
Walter A Orenstein, 2015).

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