We are going to watch a movie tonight.

 A. A movie was going to be watched by us tonight.

 B. A movie are going to be watched by us tonight.
 C. A movie is going to be watched by us tonight.
4. I will clean the house every Saturday.

 A. The house will be cleaned by me every Saturday.

 B. The house will cleaned by me every Saturday.
 C. The house will clean by me every Saturday.
5. Agus painted the entire house.

 A. The entire house was painted by Agus.

 B. The entire house were painted by Agus.
 C. The entire house were being painted by Agus.
6. The two kings are signing the treaty.

 A. The treaty is been signed by the two kings.

 B. The treaty are being signed by the two kings.
 C. The treaty is being signed by the two kings.
7. The cleaning crew vacuums and dusts the office every night.

 A. Every night, the office are vacuumed and dusted by the cleaning crew.
 B. Every night, the office is vacuumed and dusted by the cleaning crew.
 C. Every night, the offices is vacuumed and dusted by the cleaning crew.
8. Kemenangan akan dirayakan oleh Team besok.

 A. The victory will have been celebrated by the team tomorrow.

 B. The victory will have been being celebrated by the team tomorrow.
 C. The victory will be celebrated by the team tomorrow.
9. Saat makan tadi malam, enam udang dimakan oleh Budi.

 A. At dinner last night, six shrimp was eaten by Budi.

 B. At dinner last night, six shrimp were eaten by Budi.
 C. At dinner last night, six shrimp were ate by Budi.
10. Seorang teknisi telah memotong kabel telepon.

 A. The telephone wire have been cut by an engineer.

 B. The telephone wire has been cutted by an engineer.
 C. The telephone wire has been cut by an engineer.
 SOAL LATIHAN ACTIVE - PASSIVE VOICE PILIHAN
GANDA
ACTIVE - PASSIVE VOICE

1. Tom opens the door. The passive is ...

A. The door was opened by Tom
B. The door opened by Tom
C. The door is opened by Tom
D. The door is being opened by Tom
E. The door opens by Tom

2. Mary helped the boy. The passive is ...

A. The boy is helped by Mary
B. The boy was helped by Mary
C. The boy is being helped by Mary
D. The boy helps by Mary
E. The boy were helped by Mary

3. The waiter is serving the customer. The passive is....

A. The customer is served by the waiter
B. The customer are served by the waiter
C. The customer is being served by the waiter
D. The customer was being served by the customer
E. The customer was served by the customer

4. We are attending the agenda. The passive is ...

A. The agenda are attended by us
B. The agenda is attended by us
C. The agenda was attended by us
D. The agenda were attended by us
E. The agenda is being attended by us

5. Dr. Ikada developed the theory. The passive is ...

A. The theory is developed by Dr. Ikada
B. The theory is being developed by Dr. Ikada
C. The theory developed by Dr. Ikada
D. The theory is being developed by Dr. Ikada
E. The theory was developed by Dr. Ikada

6. A hurricane destroyed a few houses. The passive is ...

A. A few houses were destroyed by a hurricane
B. A few houses was destroyed by a Hurricane
C. A few houses is destroyed by a Hurricane
D. A few houses are destroyed by a Hurricane
E. A few houses destroyed by a Hurricane

7. Government will build a new palace next year. The passive is ...
 A. A new palace will built by the government
B. A new palace will be build by the government
C. A new palace will be built by the government
D. A new palace will build by the government
E. A new palace will built by the government

8. Juan has studied Math for a test. The passive is ...

A. Math has studied by Juan for a test
B. Math has been studied by Juan for a test
C. Math has been study by Juan for a test
D. Math has studied by Juan for a test
E. Math has study by Juan for a test

9. Tiara was eating popcorn at the cinema. The passive is ...

A. Popcorn is being eaten by Tiara at the cinema
B. Popcorn was eaten by Tiara at the cinema
C. Popcorn is eaten by Tiara at the cinema
D. Popcorn was being eaten by Tiara at the cinema
E. Popcorn was being ate by Tiara at the cinema.

10. I must begin my studying right now. The passive is ...

A. My studying must be begin by me right now
B. My studying must have been begin by me right now
C. My studying must begin by me right now
D. My studying must began by me right now
E. My studying must be begun by me right now

11. Andi Travelled to Maldive last year. The passive is ...

A. Maldive was travelled by Andi last year
B. Maldive is travelled by Andi last year
C. No Change
D. Maldive will be travelled by Andi last year
E. Maldive travelled by Andi last year

12. Omar wrote a letter last night. The passive sentence is ....
A. A letter were written by Omar lastnight
B. A letter is written by Omar lastnight
C. A letter are written by Omar lastnight
D. A letter is being wrote by Omar lastnight
E. A letter was written by Omar lastnight

13. “They are wearing jacket s in the class.” The passive is ...
A. Jackets were being wore by them in the class
B. Jackets are being wore by them in the class
C. Jackets is being worn by them in the class
D. Jackets are being worn by them in the class
E. Jackets were being worn by them in the class
14. “She broke the window yesterday”. The passive is ....
A. The window is broke by her yesterday
B. The window is break by her yesterday
C. The window is being broken by her yesterday
D. The window was broken by her yesterday
E. The window were broken by her yesterday

15. “Students are drawing the scenery”. The passive is ...

A. The scenery are drew by students
B. The scenery is drew by students
C. The scenery are being drawn by students
D. The scenery is being drew by students
E. The scenery is being drawn by students

16. “Pilot flies the plane twice a week”. The passive is ...
A. The plane is being flew by pilot twice a week
B. The plane is flown by pilot twice a week
C. The plane is flew by pilot twice a week
D. The plane is being flown by pilot twice a week
E. The plane is fly by pilot twice a week

17. “Math is being taught by Mr. Heri”. The active sentence is ..

A. Mr. Heri teaches Math
B. Mr. Heri taught Math
C. Mr. Heri was teaching Math
D. Mr. Heri is teaching Math
E. Mr. Heri will teach Math

18. “The electricity will be repaired by technician”. The active sentence is ...
A. The technician will repairs the electricity
B. The technician will repaired the electricity
C. The technician will repair the electicity
D. The technician will be repairs the electricity
E. The technician will be repairing the electricity

19. “The victim may be killed by the robber”. The active is ...
A. The robber may kill the victim
B. The robber may kills the victim
C. The robber may be kill the victim
D. The robber may killed the victim
E. The robber may be killed the victim

20. “Life on the Mississippi was written by Mark Twain.” The Active is ...
A. Mark Twain is writing Life on the Mississippi
B. Mark Twain writes Life on the Mississippi
C. Mark Twain has written Life on the Mississippi
 D. Mark Twain wrote Life on the Mississippi
E. Mark Twain written Life on the Mississippi

21. This plant had been watered by her for 5 minutes when I got here
A. She had watered this plant for 5 minutes when I got here
B. She have watered this plant for 5 minutes when i got here
C. She was watered this plant for 5 minutes when I got here
D. She were watered this plant for 5 minutes when I got here
E. She watered this plant for 5 minutes when I got here

22. The assignments are being collected by teacher. The active is ....
A. Teacher had collected the assignments
B. Teacher is collecting the assignments
C. Teacher is being collected by the assignments
D. Teacher had been collecting the assignments
E. Teacher collected the assignments

23. The contract is being signed by Mr. Thomas. The active is ...
A. Mr. Thomas signing the contract
B. Mr. Thomas has been signing the contract
C. Mr. Thomas will have signing the contract
D. Mr. Thomas is signing the contract
E. Mr. Thomas signed the contract

24. Some students are arranging a reunion party in the class room. The passive is ...
A. A reunion party is being arranged by some students in the class room.
B. A reunion party had been arranged by some students in the class room.
C. A reunion party is arranged by some students in the class room.
D. A reunion party will had been arranged by some students in the class room.
E. A reunion party are arranged by some students in the class room.

25. Neither James nor Jenny told the truth. The passive is ...
A. Truth isn’t being told either by James or Jenny.
B. Truth isn’t told either by James or Jenny.
C. Truth was not told neither by James nor Jenny.
D. Truth isn’t being told neither by James nor Jenny.
E. Truth is not told neither by James nor Jenny.

I. Completion
26. “Why do those people panic?”
Their semi-permanent houses .... now.
A. Demolished
B. Are demolished
C. To be demolished
D. To demolished
E. Are being demolished
27. He hasn’t got enough experience ...... principal of our school.
A. Promoted
B. To be promoted
C. Being promoted
D. Be promoted
E. He will be promoted

28. “it’s hot here. The air conditioner is not working. I think it only needs ....
A. To clean
B. Cleaning
C. Cleaned
D. Clean
E. To be cleaned

29. We called committee to ask whether the competition ... to begin that afternoon.
A. Was scheduled
B. To schedule
C. Was scheduling
D. To be scheduled
E. Was to schedule

30. I’m still waiting .... for an interview.

A. To be called
B. Be called
C. Be calling
D. To call
E. Called

31. Benji : May I borrow your camera?

Nathan : Oh sorry, it .... now.
A. Is repairing
B. Has sold
C. Will have sold
D. Is being repaired
E. Had been sold to my friend

32. X : “Last night, a thief broke into my brother’s house”

Y : Really? What ... from the house.
A. He took
B. It was taken
C. Was being taken
D. Was taking
E. Was taken

33. That is a very old building. I was not even born yet when it .......
A. Is built
B. Is being built
 C. Was built
D. Has been built
E. Had built

34. The Government of Jakarta promises that next year MRT project ......
A. Will have been built
B. Will build
C. Will built
D. Will have built
E. Will be built

35. I’m sorry, you can’t swim today. Because the swimming pool .... now.
A. Be cleaned
B. It cleans
C. Is being cleaned
D. Is cleaning
E. Cleaning

36. New products …… in the electronic exhibition in Jakarta Expo Centre a week ago.
A. Display
B. Displayed
C. Was displaying
D. Were displayed
E. Have displayed

37. Andi : ‘What time will the delayed

plane depart?
Bedul : ‘They say that it .... soon.’
A. Will announce
B. Has announced
C. Is to announced
D. Will be announced
E. Announces

38. Icardi : ‘I’d like to reserve a single

room for next week, please.’
Jovetic : ‘I’m sorry, Sir. Our hotel ....
until the end of this month.’
A. It is fully booked
B. We booked
C. Is fully booked
D. Booking it fully
E. Will book
39. Bolot : Which paintings will be exhibited
tomorrow?
Sule : "We don't know yet, They . . . by a team.'
A. are still being selected
B. still selected
C. are still selecting
D. still selecting
E. still be selected

40. Anita is looking forward to her birthday because she . . . a new watch.
A. promised
B. has been promised.
C. has been promising
D. has promised

E. being promised

Dialogue blaming / accusing :

Lisa : Hey, you Kiki. Stop!

Kiki : What happened, Lisa?
Lisa : Did you steal my money? You’re the one to blame!
Kiki : It wasn’t me. I didn’t do that.
Lisa : But everybody in my class said you do that. You have to explain about this!
Kiki : Huh! How dare you’re. I never do that suck things.
Lisa : Yeah, but my friends had seen you out of my classroom. It must be you stealing my money.
Kiki : Prove it, how dare you just accuse and blame me without clear evidence. I will pay your money if you
can prove that suck things!
Lisa : Ok, I will prove that!
Kiki : I will wait for that!

1. What it the ekspression ?

a.blamming
b.promise
c.asking opinion
d.making apologize
e.admitting mistake

Dede : Kiki, stop right now?

Kiki : What?
Dede : Did you steal my handphone?
Kiki : No, I do not do that!
Dede : Seriously? But everybody in the class say that must be you! It was your fault Kiki!
Kiki : What? I never do that! Seriously! You’re such as a lier!! I hate you!
Dede : Huh! How could you run away from all this, and pretended not to know!
Kiki : You do not talk nonsense, prove it Dede!!
Dede : Huh! Sure I will.

1. The above dialog that shows accusing is the word…

a.did you steal my phone
b.i do not
c.stop right now
d.sure I will
e.i never do that

 Man: "My calculator doesn’t work. What have you done with it?"

Woman: ".... I didn’t even touch it!"

a. I was the one to blame

b. I give you my word on it.
c. You shouldn’t have done that.
d. Are you accusing me?
e. You are forgiven

 In the above dialog, the man ... the woman.

a. confessed to
b. apologized
c. blamed
d. promised
e. regretted

 In the dialog, the woman ... the man’s accusation.

a. made
b. expressed
c. accepted
d. agreed
 e. denied

 Man: "I got E for my mathematics test. I ... for not preparing myself."
Woman: "I told you. You shouldn’t have played games too much."

a. regret
b. sorry
c. promise
d. confess
e. blame

 In the above dialog, the man made a/an ....

a. promise
b. confession
c. apology
d. denial
e. excuse

 In the dialog, the woman ... the man.

a. confessed to
b. apologized
c. blamed
d. promised
e. regretted

 Student: "I’m sorry, sir. I have broken the class window by accident and I must apologize for
that. I honestly regret it, Sir."
Teacher: ".... I do appreciate your honesty.

a. I’m afraid that wasn’t true.

b. It’s good you admitted that.
c. Who’s to blame?
d. I think you’re the only person who could have done it.
e. Thanks for that.

 In the above dialog, the student made a/an ....

a. promise
b. confession
c. apology
d. denial
e. excuse

 In the dialog, the teacher gave a/an ....

 a. promise
b. confession
c. apology
d. denial
e. excuse

 Student: "I’m sorry, sir. I am late because the public minibus which I took had a flat."
Teacher: "You are forgiven for now. But ...." Student: "All right, Sir. I promise I won’t be late
again."

a. Can I promise you not to be late again?

b. Can we promise not to be late again?
c. Will you promise not to be late again?
d. I want to promise you not to be late again.
e. Don’t blame me.

 In the above dialog, the student made a/an ....

a. promise
b. agreement
c. apology
d. denial
e. accusation

 In the dialog, the teacher ... a promise.

a. made
b. expressed
c. asked for
d. agreed
e. denied

 Woman: "What have you done to my CD? It’s scratched."

Man: "I’m sorry I dropped it just now. ...."

a. It was my fault.
b. It’s no use crying over spilt milk.
c. It will teach you a lesson.
d. Don’t point your fingers at me.
e. Don’t blame me.

 In the above dialog, the woman made a/an ....

a. promise
b. agreement
c. apology
 d. denial
e. accusation

 In the dialog, the man made a/an ....

a. promise
b. confession
c. agreement
d. denial
e. accusation

Read more: http://www.misterguru.web.id/2012/06/exercise-expressions-related-

to.html#ixzz4QS0SjQwX

Exercise: Answer the following questions!

Complete the dialogue below (for questions number 1 and 2)
Shopkeeper : What did you do to this shirt?
Customer : I accidentally ripped the shirt.
Shopkeeper : You will need to pay for the damage.
Customer : How annoying! How much do I need to pay?
Shopkeeper : I'm going to need seven dollars.
Customer : That's not too expensive.
1. The underlined expression expresses ....
A. Satisfaction
B. Dissatisfaction
C. Happiness
D. Pleasure
E. Displeasure

2. From the dialogue we know that ...

A. Customer likes the shirt
B. Customer doesn't likes the shirt
C. Customer going to have to charge for the damage
D. The shopkeeper likes to serve the costumer
E. The shopkeeper doesn't like to serve the costumer

Jack : Dony, I am sure that you ruin my laptop.

Dony : What are you talking about? You think that I ruin your laptop? It really makes
me angry!
3. The underlined word has similar meaning with ....
A. Ascent
B. Build
 C. Advantage
D. Assist
E. Crush

Mr. Alex: Can you help me pick out a gift for my daughter?
Salesgirl: She might like a laptop computer.
Mr. Alex: That sounds like a good idea.
Salesgirl: Might I suggest a Mac?
Mr. Alex: How much?
Salesgirl: Well, a 15-inch Pro is $2,100.
Mr. Alex: ________________ . I'll take it.
4. The suitable expression to complete the dialogue is …
A. That sounds great
B. It is unacceptable
C. I’m very unsatisfied
D. The computer is so cheesy
E. I don't think so

You would like buy something on online shop. After selecting and paying the
product. They promised to send the product for 3 days, but three days had passed
the product has not arrived.
5. How do you feel about this situation?
A. I recommended the online shop
B. I am very annoyed at the online shop
C. I will be happy to buy one more time
D. I am very pleased with the service
E. I feel excited about the online shop

Mangrove Trees
A mangrove is a tropical maritime tree or shrub of the genus Rhizophora. Mangroves have special
aerial roots and salt-filtering tap roots that enable them to thrive in brackish water (brackish water is salty,
but not as salty as sea water).
There are several species of mangrove tress found all over the world. Some prefer more salinity,
while others like to be very close to a large fresh water source (such as a river). Some prefer areas that
are sheltered from waves. Some species have their roots covered with sea water every day during high
tide. Others are more sensitive to salinity, and grow closer to the shore. Other species grow on dry land,
but are still part of the ecosystem.
Mangrove need to keep their trunk and leaves above the water line. Yet they also need to be
firmly attached to the ground so they are not moved by waves. There are three types of mangrove roots
that help in this process :
1. Support roots which directly pierce the soil.
2. Level-growing roots which twist upward and downwards, with the upward twists emerging on the water
surface.
3. Level-growing roots whose downward twists (sub-roots) appear on the water surface.
Any part of a root that appears above the water line channels oxygen to the plant below the water line.
Over time as soil begins to build up, these roots produce additional roots that become embedded in the
soil.
 4. What is a mangrove tree ?
a. It is dessert tree or vegetation of the genus Zoroaster
b. It is a mountain tree or plant of the genus polychaeta
c. It is a jungle tree or vegetation of the genus ancylostoma
d. It is a sea tree or plant of the genus pseudoselomata
e. It is a tropical maritime tree or shrub of the genus rhyzophora.

5. What makes mangroves able to thrive in brackish water? Because………

a. They have feet to move to another area
b. They do need oxygen to live
c. They do not need water to live
d. They have special aerial roots and salt-filtering tap roots
e. They produces the salt for human.
6. What can you say about brackish water?
a. Brackish water is sweet but not as sweet as sugar
b. Brackish water is sour but not as sour as acid
c. Brackish water is hot but not as hot as red pepper
d. Brackish water is salty but not as salty as sea water
e. Brackish water is bitter but not as bitter as herbs.

7. Why do mangroves need to be firmly attached to the ground ? so…

a. They will move by waves to another area
b. They are not moved by waves
c. It is easier to catch their prey
d. They can fly like bird
e. They were drifting along with the current.

8. What is the generic structure of the text?

a. Newsworthy events > background events > sources
b. Identification > description
c. Orientation > event > re-orientation
d. Orientation > evaluation > complication > resolution > re-orientation
e. General classification > description

The Sumatran elephant’s habitat is in Sumatra, Indonesia. The average male elephant reaches eight feet
high and weighs up to six tons. A baby elephant can weigh up to one ton. The males are always larger
than the females. They are massive creatures.

Elephants have a trunk, two tusks, two eyes, two ears and two lumps on their head. They are known to
be clever animals. When an elephant is hot, they fan themselves by flapping their ears back and forth.
When an elephant herd wants to move they use their ears as a guide. Their hearing range is very large.
Elephants hear some noises that can not be heard by a human ear.

Sumatran elephants have enough strength to knock down a tree. They can also pick up a log using just
their trunk and their tusks. Their trunk is their nose. They also use it like a hand. Just below their trunk
they have their tusks. Only male Sumatran elephants have tusks. A baby elephants is called a calf; the
females are called cows.

16. How do elephants guide each other to move in a direction ?

a. They use their head as a guide
b. They use their tusks as a guide
c. They use their trunk as a guide
d. They use their nose as a guide
e. They use their ears as a guide
 17. What are the uses of an elephant’s trunk ?
a. can be used as eyes and head
b. can be used as a nose and hand
c. can be used as legs and tail
d. can be used as a trunk and tusks
e. can be used as ears and hand

18. What do elephants use to pick up a log ?

a. they use their eyes and head
b. they use their nose and hand
c. they use their legs and tail
d. they use their trunk and tusks
e. they use their ears and hand

19. What do you call a baby elephant ?

a. a dog
b. a cow
c. a calf
d. a puppy
e. a cat
20. Where do you find the tusks ?
a. under the nose
b. on the head
c. below the trunk
d. in the neck
e. on the back

Every time they see illegal logging in their area, the woman and children cry out, “Where can we settle
and make a living with our forest gone?”
These are the forest people, members of the local Anak Dalam, tribe, in Mangkekal
(Makekal), Bukit Duabelas National Park, Jambi province. They have tried very hard to protect the forest
zone illegal logging operations, “Adults as well as children are fighting for the conservation of this forest,”
said tribal chief Tumenggung (Regent) Meriak.
The national park zone is about 60,000 hectares. It is home to about 1,500 Anak Dalam. The
tribesmen live in Mangkekal, Kedasung, Air Hitam, and Terap.

21. Who are the forest people ?

a. members of the local Anak Dalam tribe
b. chief Tumenggung (Regent) Meriak
c. Adults and children
d. Woman and children
e. Animals and plants

22. Where do Tumenggung Meriak’s people live ?

a. in Bukit Dua Belas National park
b. in Mengkel, kedasung,Air Hitam and Terap
c. in Regent,kedasung,Air Hotam and Terap
d. in Mengkal, Regent, Air Hitam and Terap
e. in the forest,Jambi province

23. What are the woman and children unhappy about ?

a. the fighting in their area
b. the conservation in their area
c. the government invasion
d. the illegal logging in their area
e. the protection of forest

24. What are the forest people fighting for ?

a. they fight for food
b. protection from the government invasion
c. to get more farm land
d. the conservation of the forest
e. to protect their village

25. Whom can they get help from ?

a. the regent
b. the government
c. the people
d. the forest people
e. the chief

HOW TO MAKE CHOCOLATE

Have you ever wondered how people get chocolate from? In this article we'll enter the amazing world of
chocolate so you can understand exactly what you're eating.

Chocolate starts with a tree called the cacao tree. This tree grows in equatorial regions, especially in places
such as South America, Africa, and Indonesia. The cacao tree produces a fruit about the size of a small pine
apple. Inside the fruit are the tree's seeds, also known as cocoa beans.

The beans are fermented for about a week, dried in the sun and then shipped to the chocolate maker. The
chocolate maker starts by roasting the beans to bring out the flavour. Different beans from different places
have different qualities and flavor, so they are often sorted and blended to produce a distinctive mix. Next, the
roasted beans are winnowed. Winnowing removes the meat nib of the cacao bean from its shell. Then, the nibs
are blended. The blended nibs are ground to make it a liquid. The liquid is called chocolate liquor. It tastes
bitter. All seeds contain some amount of fat, and cacao beans are not different. However, cacao beans are half
fat, which is why the ground nibs form liquid. It's pure bitter chocolate.

1. What is the Indonesian equivalen of word “ pure bitter?

A. Kurangmanis
B. Kurangasin
C. AsinMurni
D. Manismurni
E. Asem

2. The cacao tree growth in?

A. South America, Africa, and Indonesia
B. South Africa, Japan
C. Japan , Southeast sulawesi
D. China, Japan Korea
E. South japan, korea

3. The first way to make chocolate is ?

A. Burned chocolate
B. Make the Chocolate to brings out flavour
C. roasting the beans to bring out the flavor
D. Roasting the Chocolate bread
E. Roasting all of the Flavour

4. What is the meaning of winnowing ?

A. removes the meat nib of the cacao bean from its shell
B. Removes the half fat of the cacao
C. Removes the Chocolate Beans
D. Add the sugar to the chocolate
E. Add the chocolate salt

5. , cacao beans are half fat, which is why?

A. cacao is Small Apple
B. cacao is Small Pines grapes
C. the ground nibs form liquid
D. the ground nibs form earth
E. big Pines grapes

6. The beans of cacao was fermented for about?

A. One Month
B. One day
C. two Month
D. One week
E. Two weeks

7. What is the text tell us about…

A. the cacao tree
B. the cacao beans
C. the raw chocolate
D. the making of chocolate
E. the flavour of chocolate

8. The third paragraph tell us about ...

A. the process of producing chocolate
B. how to produce the cocoa flavour
C. where chocolate comes from
D. the chocolate liquor
E. the cacao fruit

9. Different beans from different places have different qualities and flavor, so they are
A. arranged sorted to produce a distinctive mix. Next, the roasted beans are winnowed
B. mixing to produce a distinctive mix. Next, the roasted beans are winnowed
C. arranged and combine a distinctive mix. Next, the roasted beans are winnowed
D. sorted and blended to produce a distinctive mix. Next, the roasted beans are winnowed
E. burned and replace to produce a distinctive mix. Next, the roasted beans are winnowed

10. How does the chocolate maker start to make chocolate?

A. By fermenting the beans.
B. By roasting the beans,
C. By blending the beans.
 D. By sorting the beans.
E. By drying the beans

D
2. A
3. C
4. A
5. C
6. A
7. D
8. A
9. D
10. B

Acid rain is rain that is highly acidic because of sulphur oxides, nitrogen oxides, and other air
pollutants dissolved in it. Normal rain is slightly acidic, with a pH of 6. Acid rain may have a pH value
as low as 2.8.

Acid rain can severely damage both plant and animal life. Certain lakes, for example, have lost all
fish and plant life because of acid rain.
Acid rain comes from sulphur in coal and oil. When they burn, they make sulphur dioxide (SO2 ).
Most sulphur leaves factory chimneys as the gaseous sulphur dioxide (SO2 ) and most nitrogen are
also emitted as one of the nitrogen oxides (NO or NO2 ), both of which are gases. The gases may
be dry deposited–absorbed directly by the land, by lakes or by the surface vegetation. If they are in
the atmosphere for anytime, the gases will oxidise (gain an oxygen atom) and go into solution as
acids. Sulphuric acid (H2 SO4 ) and the nitrogen oxides will become nitric acid (HNO3 ). The acids
usually dissolve in cloud droplets and may travel great distances before being precipitated as acid
rain. Catalysts such as hydrogen peroxide, ozone and ammonium help promote the formation of
acids in clouds. More ammonium (NH4 ) can be formed when some of the acids are partially
neutralised by airborne ammonia (NH3 ). Acidification increases with the number of active hydrogen
(H+) ions dissolved in acid. Hydrocarbons emitted by, for example, car exhausts will react in sunlight
with nitrogen oxides to produce ozone. Although it is invaluable in the atmosphere, low-level ozone
causes respiratory problems and also hastens the formation of acid rain. When acid rain falls on the
ground it dissolves and liberates heavy metals and aluminium (Al). When it is washed into lakes,
aluminium irritates the outer surfaces of many fish. As acid rain falls or drains into the lake the pH of
the lake falls. Forests suffer the effect of acid rain through damage to leaves, through the loss of vital
nutrients, and through the increased amounts of toxic metals liberated by acid, which damage roots
and soil micro organisms.

1. What is the text mainly about?

A. The definition of acid rain.
B. The process of acid rain.
C. The effect of acid rain.
D. Acid rain.
E. Rain.
2. The acid of normal rain is … then the acid rain.
A. higher
B. lower
C. denser
D. severer
E. the same

3. The third paragraph tells about ….

A. acid rain damages environment
B. how acid rain endangers life
C. how acid rain occurs
D. the cause of acid rain
E. the acid rain cause

4. What is the result of the burning of the coal and oil?

A. ammonium
B. nitric acid
C. sulphuric acid
D. sulphur dioxide
E. airborne ammonia

5. The sulphur oxides and nitrogen oxides will …. in the air.

A. be absorbed directly by the vegetation
B. dissolved in the lake water and land
C. emit another sulphur gas
D. radiate an oxygen atom
E. gain an oxygen atom

6. Which of the following is not true about acid rain?

A. It contains lower pH than the normal rain.
B. It has higher pH than the normal rain
C. It can damage animal and plant life.
D. It contains dangerous gases.
E. It endangers water life.
7. …. is dangerous for the scale of fish in the lake.
A. Acid rain
B. Heavy metal
C. Aluminum
D. Vital nutrient
E. Sulphuric acid

8. What is the purpose of the text?

A. To report the acid rain in genera.l
B. To explain the process of acid rain.
C. To persuade the reader to prevent acid rain.
D. To discuss the danger of acid rain in the air.
E. To present two different opinions on acid rain process.

9. If they are in the atmosphere for anytime, …. The italic word can be best replaced by ….
A. oil and coal
B. land and air
C. sulphur oxides
D. nitrogen oxides
E. sulphur and nitrogen oxides

10. Acid rain can severely damage both plant and animal life. The bold word has the closest
meaning to ….
A. harm
B. hang
C. endow
D. produce
E. develop

Answers

1. What is the text mainly about?

A. The definition of acid rain.
B. The process of acid rain.
C. The effect of acid rain.
D. Acid rain.
E. Rain.

2. The acid of normal rain is … then the acid rain.

A. higher
B. lower
C. denser
D. severer
E. the same

3. The third paragraph tells about ….

A. acid rain damages environment
B. how acid rain endangers life
C. how acid rain occurs
D. the cause of acid rain
E. the acid rain cause

4. What is the result of the burning of the coal and oil?

A. ammonium
B. nitric acid
C. sulphuric acid
D. sulphur dioxide
E. airborne ammonia

5. The sulphur oxides and nitrogen oxides will …. in the air.

A. be absorbed directly by the vegetation
B. dissolved in the lake water and land
C. emit another sulphur gas
D. radiate an oxygen atom
E. gain an oxygen atom

6. Which of the following is not true about acid rain?

A. It contains lower pH than the normal rain.
B. It has higher pH than the normal rain
C. It can damage animal and plant life.
D. It contains dangerous gases.
E. It endangers water life.
7. …. is dangerous for the scale of fish in the lake.
A. Acid rain
B. Heavy metal
C. Aluminum
D. Vital nutrient
E. Sulphuric acid

8. What is the purpose of the text?

A. To report the acid rain in genera.l
B. To explain the process of acid rain.
C. To persuade the reader to prevent acid rain.
D. To discuss the danger of acid rain in the air.
E. To present two different opinions on acid rain process.

9. If they are in the atmosphere for anytime, …. The italic word can be best replaced by ….
A. oil and coal
B. land and air
C. sulphur oxides
D. nitrogen oxides
E. sulphur and nitrogen oxides

10. Acid rain can severely damage both plant and animal life. The bold word has the closest
meaning to ….
A. harm
B. hang
C. endow
D. produce
E. develop