“COLD WAR”

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INDEX:-

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 TOPIC PAGES

What is cold war? 2

Causes of Cold War 3-5

Effect of Cold War 6-7

References 8

WHAT IS COLD WAR?

One of the popular scenario or tragedies will be discussed in Strategic Studies is about
Cold War. Cold War known as popular war in the strategic studies due to the unique and it is

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different than other war such as the Second World War and the First World War that
happened before the Cold War. Cold War began right after the Second World War which is
the greatest battle in human history ended. The period of Cold was in between 1947 to 1991
(Wikipedia, 2018). According to book United States History (1989), it is a really unique war
because it is not a war between soldiers that consider the last standing team will win the war
but it is a war of ideology.
Even though the United States of America and the Soviets Union fought together
against the Nazis and the Axis power during the Second World War as the Allies, they had a
really bad relationship (History Editors, 2018). According to Robert Mc Mahon through his
book named Cold War (2003), the United States of America that leads by President Harry S.
Truman in 1945 after President Roosevelt’s death had no option but to stop and fight
communism in any way. It states that Harry S. Truman was the first president of United
States of America in the office who stand strong against the Soviets Union and Communism
at the same time he was the first United States of America’s president who lead United States
of America in the Cold War. Researcher founds that Harry S. Truman started his moved with
Truman Doctrine and a plan called the Marshall plan (Kuhelj, 2014).
As stated in article History.com (2018), on 21st February 1947, the British
government told the United States of America’s government that the British government
cannot afford to continue giving aids to Turkey and Greece starting 1st April and worried that
Turkey and Greece will be influenced by the Soviets Union on the Communism. Therefore,
they hope that the United States of America could replace their place to continue giving aids
to these 2 countries. It founds that on 12th March 1947 President Harry S. Truman has sent a
dramatic message to The Congress (Duara, 2011). According to Eyla (2011), it founds that
President Harry said it is compulsory for the United States of America to replace British
sending aids and military forces and equipment to Turkey and Greece so that Turkey and
Greece will not be one of the communist countries.
Basically, in 1947, President Harry S. Truman had come with a new policy which to
counter the Soviets Union from growing in Eastern part of Europe including Turkey and
Greece in financial aid and also in terms of military forces and equipment (Melvynn, 2005).
This is because the Soviets Union on that time was planning and trying to influence most of
the countries in Europe to follow their ideology which is Communism (Boris, 2009). That is
why the United States came with The Truman Doctrine to aid the countries in the Eastern
Europe that have not fall to Communism yet by aiding them so that they will not follow the
Soviets Union ideology especially Turkey and Greece (Eyla, 2011).

Besides Truman Doctrine, the United States of America also came up with another
alternative to against the Soviets Union and their ideology Communism which is the Marshall
Plan (Mc Mahon, 2003). After the Second World War ended, the Soviets Union had
conquered most of the countries in Eastern and Central Europe (Savira, 2011). Because of
that, this area had been controlled by the Communist Government and has created police
states. Basically, the different between the Truman Doctrine and the Marshall Plan is the
Truman Doctrine only for aiding and sending military forces or equipment to the European
countries that need it while the Marshall Plan is focusing to rebuild the countries that been
affected by the Second World War (John, 2005).

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