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logging
Well log (The Bore Hole Image)
A. Electrical logging
a. Resistivity logging
b. Spontaneous Potential logging
C. Caliper logging
A. Electrical Logging
a. Resistivity Log
• Resistivity logs record the resistance of interstitial fluids to the flow of an
electric current,
• Earth resistivity may be measured in a bore hole by lowering two current
electrodes and measuring the resistivity between two potential electrodes.
• Current is applied through the current electrode.
• Resistivity logging is made only in the uncased bore holes.
• Neutron logs locate porous zones and determine the amount liquid filled
porosity.
• This is done by bombarding the formation with neutrons, and determining
how many become “captured” by the hydrogen nuclei.
a. Caliper Logging
Applications
• The amount of borehole erosion that has taken place during drilling
• Presence of swelling clays or resistant sandstone layers
• Fracture patterns in lime stone or sand stone
• Volume of filter pack or cement grout required for well completion
• Position of casing welds or joints
Applications of well logging
• The primary objective of logging usually is to evaluate the
productive potential of reservoir sands.
• depth to lithological boundaries
• lithology identification
• minerals grade/quality
• inter-borehole correlation
• structure mapping
• rock strength
• fracture frequency
• porosity and permeability
• fluid salinity