TYPES OF

MECHANICAL
EQUIPMENTS
 TYPES OF HYDROELECTRIC
POWER PLANT

1.Run-of-river Hydropower
2.Storage Hydropower
3.Offshore Hydropower
RUN-OF-RIVER HYDROPOWER

A facility that channels flowing

water from a river through a canal
or penstock to spin a turbine.
Typically a run-of-river project will
have little or no storage facility.
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 STORAGE HYDROPOWER

Typically a large system that uses a

dam to store water in a reservoir.

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 OFFSHORE HYDROPOWER

A less established but growing

group of technologies that use
tidal currents or the power of
waves to generate electricity
from seawater.
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 TYPES OF DAMS

1.Gravity Dams
2.Arch Dams
 GRAVITY DAMS

The gravity dams are the ones which are

supported completely on the bed of the
rock. In these types of dams, since there
is huge quantity of water in the dams, it
exerts excessively high hydraulic
pressures on bed of the dam. Thus
gravity dams can be constructed only in
the places where there is strong
structure of the rock so that it can
sustain all the forces.
 ARCH DAMS

The arch dams comprise of the convex

arch which is supported by the lateral
rock walls. While in case of the gravity
dams the maximum forces are exerted on
the bed of the dam, in case of the arch
the maximum forces are exerted on the
lateral walls of the dam.
 TYPES OF GATES

1.Radial Gates
2.Slide Gates
3.Flap Gates
4.Rubber Gates
 RADIAL GATES

The Radial Gate (also called Tainter

Gate or Taintor Gate) is a different type
of floodgate used to control the water
flow through dams and canal locks. This
type of floodgate is raised and lowered
by radial arms located on either side of
the gate
 SLIDE GATES

A sluice/ slide gates is a water

channel controlled at its head by a
gate
 FLAP GATES

(also called Tilting Gates) are mainly

employed to control the flow of
water through flood barriers,
reservoirs and rivers.
RUBBER GATES
 TYPES OF PENSTOCK

1.Buried penstocks
2.Exposed penstocks
 BURIED PENSTOCKS

are supported continuously on the

soil at the bottom of a trench
backfilled after placing the pipe.
 EXPOSED PENSTOCKS

are installed above the terrain

surface and supported on piers
TYPES OF WATER TURBINES

1.Impulse
2.Kaplan
3.Francis
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 GENERATOR

A generator converts the

mechanical energy from the turbine
into electrical energy.
 TRANSFORMER

It increases the voltage and the

electricity is transmitted to the grid.
 TYPES OF TRANSFORMERS

1. Step up Transformers
2. Step Down Transformers
 STEP UP TRANSFORMERS

the transformer converts low

voltage, high-current to high
voltage-low current. In other words,
the voltage has been stepped up.
STEP DOWN TRANSFORMERS

the transformer is designed to

convert high-voltage, low-current
power into a low-voltage, high
current power and it is mainly used
in domestic consumption.