“SAVING AND INVESTMENT HABIT OF SALARIED CLASS WOMEN:

A STUDY IN BEHARBARI AREA OF GUWAHATI CITY”

Project Report Submitted to the NERIM Commerce College,

In partial fulfilment of the requirements for degree of Bachelor

B.COM 6thSemester Examination 2019

Under the Guidance of: Submitted by:

MR. Navraj Lamshal ANJALI ROY
Assistant Professor B.COM 6th Semester

NERIM Commerce College Roll. C-16065 No. - 0002

Reg. No. : 210868 of 2016-17

NERIM Group of Institutions,

Jayanagar, Khanapara, Guwahati- 781022

2019
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I express my sincere thanks to Dr. M.I.Singh, Principal of NERIM Commerce College, for
his valuable suggestion and help to prepare this report.

I express my deep sense of gratitude to my guide, assistant professor Navraj Lamshal,

department of commerce, NERIM Commerce College for his valuable guidance in this
endeavour. He has been a constant source of inspiration and I sincerely thank him for his
suggestions and help to prepare this report. I would also like to thank my parents and friends
who helped me a lot in completion of this project report.

Finally, I would like to express my heartiest gratitude and thanks to respondents who helped
me to complete my field work without whom this project report would not have been
possible.

Place- Anjali Roy

 DECLARATION

I, Anjali Roy ,hereby declare that this project report titled, “Saving and Investment habit of
salaried class women: A study in Beharbari area of Guwahati city” submitted by me to
the NERIM Commerce College ,in partial fulfilment for the requirement of B.COM
6thsemester examination 2019 is a bonafied work carried out by me under the guidance of
Navraj Lamshal. This has not been submitted earlier to any other university/institution for
the award of any degree/diploma/certificate or published any time before.

Date:

Place: Anjali Roy

B.COM 6TH semester

Roll: c-16065 no. : 0002

Reg No. : 210868 of 2016-17

Chapter-1:
INTODUCTION
There is a saying of a famous personality “if you buy things you do not need, soon you will have to sell
things you need”. In other word you have to financially secure yourself in every way for any unavoidable
circumstances. Though saving and investment are two inter-related terms but still somewhere thin line
between the two. Savings means simply accumulating wealth, I saving also involves reducing expenditure,
such as recurring costs. Investment means to distribute money in the expectations of some benefit in future.
Sometimes, due to lack of knowledge some people save money either in the home or in bank. They don’t
understand through inflation, the value of money is increasing day by day. If they don’t invest the money in
a proper way, they will never able to beat the huge inflation rate.

The developing countries like India face the enormous task of finding sufficient capital in their development
efforts. Most of developing countries find it difficult to get out of the -vicious circle of poverty of low
income, low saving, low investment, low employment etc. With high capital output ratio, India needs very
high rates of investments to make a leap forward in the efforts of attaining high levels of growth. Since the
beginning of planning, the emphasis was on investment as the primary instruments of economic growth and
increase in national income. In order to have production as per target, investment was considered the crucial
determinant and capital formation had to be supported by appropriate volume of saving. Economist and
policymakers have observed that demographic factors like age, gender, marital status, qualifications,
occupation, annual income, geographic location etc. have an impact on the investment decision. With that an
investor’s ability to handle risks may be related to individual characteristics such as age, time horizon,
liquidity needs, portfolio size, income, investment knowledge, taxes etc.

Women today have more earning potential and more influence over the financial decision than even
before. Women represent almost half of the workforce and many businesses owned or managed by
women. Many women influence or control the majority of all consumer purchase decisions and many of
the investment decisions. As a result, it is important for women to focus on finance more than ever. Most
of the women see themselves as savers rather than investors and prefer to invest in products than offer
guaranteed returns. Some investment avenues are risky, less risky and some are risk free. Women today,
have more earning potential & more influence over financial decisions than ever before. Women represent
almost half of the workforce & many businesses are owned or managed by women. It becomes important for
women to focus on finances now more than ever. General profile of women investors is changing in tune
with time. But they lag in various spheres of investment such as awareness and preference of investment. So,
an attempt has been made by the researcher to identify the factors influencing women investor’s behaviour
to evaluate the level of awareness among women investors and to analyse the preference of women investor
towards various investment outlets. Employed women have a greater propensity to save and invest because
of their independent earning power. They are also motivated by the investment behaviour of their colleagues
in their work place. They are supposed to be risk adverse, safety oriented and guided by certainty of returns.
With increasing level of knowledge and awareness, Women are slowly participating in the risk investment
portfolios and they are becoming analytic in their investment behaviour.
Women in India now participate in all activities such as education, politics, media, science and technology,
etc. With a changing scenario, women has started actively participating in investing their surplus money,
though it all depends upon the various parameters such as degree of their risk taking capability, influence of
family members and friends and the dare to get exposed to modern and innovative investment avenues. The
present research study is focused on the working women’s attitude towards investment and the marital status
and age factors responsible for investment behaviour of women. While investing, the family related matters
such as child education, child marriage, life protection and medical expenses have a much more impact on
the minds of married working women than on unmarried ones.
ROLE OF WOMEN IN THE SOCIETY:

The modern women are inclined towards the social issues and trying hard to improve the
social status of women at large. Increased awareness and education have inspired women to
come out of the four walls of the home. Many women actively supported and participated in
the nationalist movement and secured prominent positions and offices in administration and
public life in free India. Traditionally Indian women exist because of the family and for the
family. Just like their man counterpart, women are also fond of attending social functions and
value her social life quite a lot. The modern woman has started caring for her health, figure,
cultural needs, and interests, academic pursuits, social intercourse, religious activities
recreational needs, etc.

Various investment avenues:

Any type of investment comes with an expectation of a profitable return. Everybody knows the need for
the investment but most of them don’t know the suitable medium to do so. Thus due to lack of proper
knowledge, they lose the advantageous oppourtunity.investment options can be classified into many
categories. There are basically three factors on which classification is made. The factors are the Risk,
Return, and Duration. Following are the various investment avenues:

1) Bank Savings or FD:

It is the most secured investment avenues available.one should be clear that the more you are able to take
the risk, the more return you will able to get.Here,investors can choose your duration and amount
according to the capability.However,investors only look for the financial ability of the selected
bank,otherwise,this investment holds near about zero risk ratio.

2) Bonds and Debentures:

It is the most well-known security option. They are issued by corporations and institutions. Generally,
bonds are issued by PSU. Hence, the risk is quite low here in comparison to other options. Though most of
the time, both bonds and debentures use almost in the same way, they don’t include the same features.
Bonds are like loan, secured by specific assets while debenture is not secured by an asset.

3) Mutual funds:

This investment alternative carries medium risk and moderately high return with it. According to the risk
and return factors, there are thousands of plans or scheme under it. For example, Systematic investment
plans (SIP), Systematic withdrawal plan (SWP), monthly income plan (MIP), etc.

4) Equity:

It is the most volatile and risky market of all but with highest profitable return capacity. There are the
varieties of options available in the equity market. Here, in this field, the more knowledgeable you are, the
more successful you will be. There is no maturity period at all. Investors can trade on the day basis or long-
term as per their wish.

5) Real-Estate:
Property rate is increasing day by day which has made real estate hot investment alternatives. Through
buying, selling and holding of property, investors can make a huge profitable return. Appreciation of
property makes real estate a profitable investment tool in comparison to other.

6) Gold:

Investment in gold is an ancient avenue of investment. Gold price is gradually increasing day by day.
Therefore, some investors choose gold as their investment alternative. With the increasing value of gold,
investors take profit from it.

7) Small government investment schemes:

People with low-income rate and lowest risk bearer may apply for small government Investment schemes.
Different government schemes are employee provident fund, national pension scheme, Sukanya samriddhi
schemes, etc.

8) Senior citizens saving scheme:

Probably the first choice of most retirees, the senior citizens saving scheme is must-have in their
investment portfolios.as the name suggests, only senior citizens or early retirees can invest in this scheme.

9) Post deposits:

Like bank, post offices offer fixed and recurring deposit facility. These are very popular among young and
elderly investors. With the increase in the internet penetration and limited investment products offered by
postal department, there is gradual decline in their business as far as savings products are concerned.

10) Insurance:

It offers protection against pure risk. Pure risks are accidental and unintentional. All pure risk is considered
by insurance companies for providing insurance cover.it is possible to estimate the loss in case of pure risk,
and original status of the assets could be restored in case of non-life covers.
Review of literature:

The glimpses of prior studies made in relation to the current study are undertaken are
enumerated here.an attempt has been made to review researches covering different categories
of investors of different areas and different factors as far as possible are covered.

Shukla S. Neha (2016), in her study entitled “ a study of investment preference of working
women of north Gujarat region” to study the investment preference of working women of
north Gujarat region, revealed that working women invest in various investment avenues. In
addition to that demographic with the help of chi-square test, it was found that there is no
relationship between education with investment while there is significant relationship
between age and income.

Vasagadekar Priya (2014),in her research entitled “A research paper on investment

awareness among Indian working women” examined that because of high level education,
today’s women are getting the best job offers with high take home pay packages. It has
become the present day need for working women in India to increase their wealth. As most
of the women are low in financial literacy, it becomes hardly possible for them to manage
their portfolios on their own. Also the risk bearing capacity of working women in India is
low. This is due to lack of sound financial knowledge.

Bahal Sarita (2012), in her study “Investment behaviour of working women” analysed that
the younger women have already developed the plan for investment. Women working in
private sector are more faith in investing their money. Women invest their money when they
start earning and become independent. Majority of working women have invested their
money. Working women invest their money in insurance plans as they are not willing to take
risk to attain gain and want to have a safe future.

Jain Rajeshwari (2014),in her study “Analysis of income and investment pattern of working
women” found that women prefer fixed deposit in bank a safe investment option & for tax
saving purpose. Women also select gold as good investment.

Gaur Arti, Julee, Sukijha Sunita (2011), in their study entitled “Difference in Gender
Attitude in Investment Decision Making in India” examined that female investors tends to
display less confidence in their investment decisions and hence have low satisfaction levels
and female investors are more cautious, males with regards to prospective investment in
equity shares specially if availability of fund is low.

Palanivelu,V.R.& Chandrakumar,K. (2013),in there study “A study on preferred investment

avenues among salaried peoples” highlights that certain factors of salaried employees like
education level, awareness about the current financial system, age of investors etc. make
significant impact while deciding the investment avenue.
 SCOPE OF THE STUDY
With the increase in the number of women investors,government plan to push savings for
girl children,there is going to be a substantial increase in investments by women.
Government has opned all women banks to bring more women intio the banking
network,indiucating the importance of saving by women. The study will be helpful to find
out the ideal investment options of women. These findings could be useful to the financial
product creators like banks,mutual fund houses,insurance companies and otger market
intermediaries,to understand what an employed woman may be looking for,in a financial
product while taking investment decision. Further this report can be carried out to comapre
the investment pattern ofof women from urban and rural areas.

Objectives of the study:

1. To know the awareness level of salaried class women regarding various investment
avenues.

2. To find out the saving and investment avenues opted by the salaried class women.

3. To find out the purpose of investment by the salaried class women in the study area.

4. To identify the problems faced by the salaried class women in investing their surplus
income.

LIMITATION OF THE STUDY

 The study is mainly based on the primary data collected from 40 respondents in
Guwahati city.

 This is an academic effort and it is limited to cost, time and geographical area.

 Few respondents are not willing to express their opinion and views on their investment
pattern.

 The information can be biased due to use of questionnaire.

 The lack of knowledge of customer about the financial instrument can be a major
limitation.
 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Research methodology is a way to solve systematically the research problem.Research

methodology includes the various steps that are adopted by the researcher problem along
with the logic behind them.

RESEARCH DESIGN:

The study has been designed as descriptive and qualitative one,with the help of the
questionnaire survey conducted among the respondents of beharbari area.

UNIVERSE OF THE STUDY:

All the salaried class women are of Beharbari area of Guwahati city,under Kamrup Metro
District of Assam in the poipulation for the present study.

SAMPLE SIZE:

The total sample size for the study is 40.

SAMPLING TECHNIQUE:

Sampling technique is the technique used to select the sample size.Convience sampling
technique isused in this study.

SAMPLING UNIT:

The sampling consist ofrespondents who are salaried women of Beharbari area.

SOURCES OF DATA:

The study is based on both primary and secondary data.

The study was done with the help of primary data using the questionnaire as an tool to assess
the saving and investment habit of salaried class women.

The secondary information were collected from the different published materials viz.
Books,journals,websites,etc. in order to acquire in depth knowledge about the subject matter.

GEOGRAPHICAL AREA OFSTUDY:

The area selected for the study is “Beharbari area”.

PERIOD OF THE STUDTY:

The present study was conducted from 16th february to ……….. 2019
Analysi technique:
Each question is analysd sparately and observations are writeen down based on
the responses given by respondents. Diagrams like piechart,barchart has been
included in the analysis to make the analysis easier and easily understandable.
CHAPTER – 2: DATA INTERPRETATION
2.1 Age group of the respondents

Table no. 2.1 showing the age group of the respondents

Sl.no Age group No. of respondent Percentage

1. 18-30 years 8 27%

2. 31-40 years 13 43%

3. 41-59 years 9 30%

Total 30 100%

Source: Field survey

Figure no. 2.1 showing the age group of the respondents

Age Groups of the respondents

27%
30%

18-30 years
31-40 years
41-59 years

43%

Source: Table No. 2.1

Interpretation: Table 2.1 and figure 2.1 shows that out of 30 respondent, 43% of the respondents are aged between 31-
40 years followed by 30% of them aged between 41-59 year and 27% between 18-30 years.

It is found that most of the respondents are aged between 31-40 years. Therefore it is seen that most of the respondent
are middle age in saving and investment.
2.2 Education qualification of respondents

Table 2.2 showing the education qualification of the respondent

Sl.no Qualification No. of respondents Percentage

1. Up to class 10 1 3%
2. Up to class 12 2 7%
3. Graduate 16 53%
4. Post graduate 9 30%
5. Other 2 3%
TOTAL 30 100%
Source: Field survey

Fig 2.2 showing the education qualification of the respondent

Qualification of the respondents

7% 3%
7%

UP TO CLASS 10

30% UP TO CLASS 12
GRADUATE
POST GRADUATE
OTHERS
53%

Source: Table No. 2.2

Interpretation:

Table 2.2 and figure 2.2 shows that out of 30 respondent, 53% of the respondent were graduate followed by 30% of
them were post graduate,7% of them have passed up to class 12 , 7% of them have done some other diploma and 3%
of them have passed up to class 10.

It is found that the majority of the respondents were graduate. This shows that graduate and post graduate are having
better knowledge about investment avenues.
2.3 Occupation of the respondents

Table no.2.3 showing occupation of the respondents

Sl.no Particulars No. of respondents Percentage

1. Government employee 18 60%

2. Private employee 12 40%

Total 30 100%

Source: Field Survey

Fig 2.3 showing occupation of the respondents

Occupation of the respondents

40%
government employee
private employee
60%

Source: Table No. 2.3

Interpretation:Table 2.3 and Figure 2.3 shows that Out of 30 repondents, 60% were government employee and rest
40% were private employee. It was found that govermnent salaried employee invest more than the private salaried
employee.
2.4 Monthly Income of the Respondents

Table No. 2.4 showing the monthly income of respondents

Sl.no Monthly income No. of respondents Percentage

1. Up to Rs20,000 4 13%
2. Rs 20,001- Rs 30,000 5 17%
3. Rs 30,001- Rs 40,000 9 30%
4. Rs 40,001- Rs 50,000 8 27%
5. Above Rs 50,000 4 13%
Total 30 100%
Source: Field Survey

Fig 2.4 showing the monthly income of respondents

Monthly Income of respondents

10
9
8
7
Respondents

6
5
4
3
2
1
0
up to rs 20,000 rs 20,001- rs rs 30,001- rs rs 40,001- rs above rs 50,000
30,000 40,000 50,000
Monthly Income

Source: Table No. 2.4

Interpretation: Table 2.4 and figure 2.4 shows that out of 30 respondent, 9(30%) of the respondent earns monthly
income of Rs 30,001 – Rs 40,000 followed by 8(27%) of respondent earn monthly income of Rs 40,001 – Rs 50,000
5(17%) of respondents earn monthly income of Rs 20,001 – Rs 30,000 and rest of 4(13%) respondents earn monthly
income above Rs 50,000 and up to Rs 20,000.

It is found that most of the respondent earns a monthly income averaging from Rs30, 001 to Rs 40,000 and the second
majority group is earning a monthly income averaging from Rs 40,001 to Rs 50,000.
2.5 Awareness level of the Respondents regarding various investment avenues

Table No. 2.5 showing the awareness level of respondents regarding various investment avenues

Sl. No. Awareness level No. of respondents Percentage

1. Yes 30 100%
2. No 0 0%
Total 30 100%
Source: Field Survey

Fig 2.5 showing the awareness level of respondents regarding various investment avenues

Awareness level OF Respondents

0%

yes
no

100%

Source: Table No. 2.5

Interpretation: Table 2.5 and figure 2.5 shows that, out of 30 respondents, 100% of respondent knows or have
knowledge about various investments avenues.

It is found that all the respondent have a good knowledge about the different investment avenues.
 2.6 Investment avenues respondent familiar with the most

Table no. 2.6 showing investment avenues respondents familiar with the most

Sl. No. Investment avenues No. of respondents Percentage

1. Bank deposit 9 30%
2. Insurance 9 30%
3. Post office 7 23%
4. Pension and provident fund 5 17%
5. Other 0 0%
Total 30 100%
Source: Filed Survey

Fig 2.6 showing investment avenues respondents familiar with the most

10
9
8
7
Respondents

6
5
4
3
2
1
0
bank deposit insurance post office pension and others
provident fund
Investment avenues

Source: Table No. 2.6

Interpretation: Table 2.6 and figure 2.6 shows that out of 30 respondent, 9(30%) of respondent considers
Bank deposit and insurance as most familiar investment avenue followed by 7(23%) respondent who says post office as
most familiar investment avenue, 5(17%) says pension and provident fund as their most familiar investment avenue.

It is found that among other avenues the bank deposits and insurance remains the most popular investment avenue
followed by post office.
2.7 Percentage (%) of income Respondents Invest

Table no. 2.7 showing the percentage of income respondents invest

Sl. No. % of income No. of respondents Percentage

1. 1 to 10% 12 40%
2. 11 to 20% 12 40%
3. 21 to 30% 4 13%
4. Above 30% 2 7%
Total 30 100%
Source: Field survey

Fig 2.7 showing the percentage of income respondents invest

14

12

10
Respondents

0
1% to 10% 11% to 20% 21% to 30% above 30%
Income %

Source: Table No. 2.7

Interpretation: Table 2.7 and Figure 2.7 shows that out of 30 respondents, 12(40%) respondent invest 1 to 10% and
11 to 20% of their monthly incomes followed by 4 (13%) respondent invest 21 to 30% of their income and the rest
2(7%) respondent invest above 30% their income.

It was found that majority of respondents invest 1 to 10% and 11 to 20% of their income in different investment
avenues
 2.8 Sources of information for investment

Table no. 2.8 showing the sources of information for investment of respondents

Sl. No. Source of information No. of respondents Percentage

1. T.V. and Radio 2 7%
2. Journal and Magazine 7 23%
3. Broker and advisor 10 34%
4. Organization report 1 3%
5. Family and colleagues 10 33%
Total 30 100%
Source: Field Survey

Fig 2.8 showing the sources of information for investment of respondents

Source of investment

7%

33% T.V. and Radio

23%
Journal and Magazine
Broker and advisor

3% Organization report
Family and colleagues

34%

Source: Table No. 2.8

Interpretation: Table 2.8 and figure 2.8 shows that out of 30 respondent, 34% of respondent gets information about
investment avenues from their broker and advisor closely followed by 33% of respondent who gets the information
from family and colleagues, 23% gets the information from journal and magazine, 7% gets the information from T.V.
and Radio whereas the rest 3% gets information from organization report.

It is found that broker and advisor of the people are the main source from where they gets information about different
investment avenues closely followed by family and colleagues.
2.9 Initiative recommended by respondents to create awareness among working women

Table no. 2.9 showing the initiative recommended by respondents to create awareness among working women

Sl.no. Particulars No. of respondents Percentage

1. Advertisement 7 23%
2. Work shop and seminar 9 30%
3. Investor meet 8 27%
4. Social welfare programme 6 20%
5. Other 0 0%
Total 30 100%
Sources: Survey Field

Fig 2.9 showing the initiative recommended by respondents to create awareness among working women

Initiative recommended
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
advertisment workshop and seminar investors meet social welfare
programme

Source: Table No. 2.9

Interpretation: Table 2.9 and Figure 2.9 showing that out of 30 respondents, 9(30%)respondent recommend
workshop and seminar followed by 8(27%) respondent recommend investors meet, 7(23%)respondent recommend
advertisement and rest of the 6(20%)respondent recommend social welfare programme to create awareness among
working women.

This shows that majority of the respondents recommend workshop and seminar to create awareness among working
women closely followed by investors meet.
2.10 Investment Avenues opted by Respondents

Table no. 2.10 showing the investment avenues opted by the respondents

Sl. No. Avenues No. of respondents Percentage

1. Insurance 11 37%
2. Gold 4 13%
3. Government Securities 0 0%
4. Post office 6 20%
5. Bank 9 30%
6. Other 0 0%
30 100%
Source: Field Survey

Fig 2.10 showing the investment avenues opted by the respondents

Investment Avenues opted by respondents

0%

30% insurance
37% gold
government securities
post office
bank
other
20%
13%

0%

Source: Table No. 2.10

Interpretation: Table 2.10 and Figure 2.10 showing that out of 30 respondents, 37% respondents opted insurance as
their investment avenues followed by 30% respondent opted bank, 20% respondent opted post office, 13% respondent
opted gold and and no respondent opted the government securities as their investment avenues.

This shows that majority of respondent opted insurance as their investment avenues followed by bank.
2.11 Respondents awareness regarding investment scheme which are meant for woman

Table no. 2.11 showing the awareness of respondent regarding the investment schemes which are specially meant
for woman.

Sl.no. Investment schemes No. of respondents Percentage

1. yes 23 77%
2. No 7 23%
Total 30 100%
Source: Field survey

Fig 2.11 showing the awareness of respondent regarding the investment schemes which are specially meant for
woman

23%

Yes
No

77%

Source: Table 2.11

Interpretation: Table 2.11 and Figure 2.11 showing that out of out of 30 respondents,77%of respondents know or have
knowledge about investments scheme which are specially meant for women whereas the rest of 23% respondents were
not aware about investment scheme which are specially meant for women.

It is found that the majority of respondent have a good knowledge about the investment scheme which are specially
meant for women.
2.12 Investment made by respondents in the investment schemes which are specially meant for women’s.

Table no. 2.12 showing the investments schemes opted by responded which are specially meant for women.

Sl.no. Particulars No. of respondents Percentage

1. LIC’S new Janrakshan Plan 8 27%
2. Post Office RD Scheme 9 30%
3. LIC’s Jeevan Bharati 6 20%
4. SBI Bhagya Rekha Deposit Scheme 0 0
5. Other 0 0
Total 30 100%
Source: Field Survey

Fig 2.12 showing the investments schemes opted by responded which are specially meant for women.

10

0
LIC’S new Post Office RD LIC’s Jeevan SBI Bhagya Rekha Other
Janrakshan Plan Scheme Bharati Deposit Scheme

Source: Table no. 2.12

Interpretation: Table 2.12 and Figure 2.12 showing that out of 30 respondents, 9(30%) respondents opted
post office RD Scheme followed by 8(27%) respondents opted LIC’S new Janrakshan Plan, 6(20%) respondents opted
LIC’s Jeevan Bharati and norespondent had opted SBI Bhagya Rekha Deposit Scheme which are specially meant for
women.

This shows that majority of respondents opted post office RD Schemes which are specially meant for women closely
followed by LIC’S new Janrakshan Plan.
2.13 Investment plan prefer by respondents in Future.

Table no. 2.13 showing the investment plan preferred by respondent in future.

Sl.no Investment Plan No. of respondents Percentage

1. Pension Plan 10 33%
2. Medical Plan 9 30%
3. Regular Return Plan 7 23%
4. Multiple Option Plan 2 7%
5. Specific Purpose Plan 2 7%
Total 30 100%
Source: Field Survey

Fig 2.13 showing the investment plan preferred by respondent in future

7%

36% Pension Plan

25%
Medical Plan
Regular Return Plan
Multiple Option Plan
Specific Purpose Plan

32%

Source: Table No. 2.13

Interpretation: Table 2.13 and Figure 2.13 showing that out of 30 respondents, 36% of respondents prefer pension
plan for future followed by 32% of respondents prefer medical plan, 25% of respondents prefer regular return plan,
7% of respondents prefer multiple option plan.

This shows that majority of respondent preferred pension plan in future which indicates they are conscious about their
old age and give more importance to it.
2.14 Frequency of investment of the respondents

Table No. 2.14 showing the frequency of investment of the respondents

Sl.no Particulars No. of respondents Percentage

1. Monthly 12 40%
2. Quarterly 4 13%
3. Half yearly 11 37%
4. Yearly 3 10%
Total 30 100%
Source: Field Survey

Fig 2.14 showing the frequency of investment of the respondents

Frequency of respondents

10%

40% Monthly
Quarterly
Half Yearly
37%
yearly

13%

Source: Table No. 2.14

Interpretation: Table 2.14 and Figure 2.14 showing that out of 30 respondents, ,40% of the respondent invest their
savings on monthly basis followed by 37% of people who invest in Half-yearly basis, 13% people invest in Quarterly
basis and the rest 10% respondent invest in Yearly basis.

This shows that the majority of the respondent likes to invest their earnings in monthly basis.
2.15Duration of investment by respondents

Table No. 2.15 showing the duration of investment by respondents

Sl.no Particulars No. of respondents Percentage

1. Short term(up to 1 year) 4 13%
2. Medium term(1-5 years) 11 37%
3. Long term(above 5 years) 15 50%
Total 30 100%
Source: Field Survey

Fig 2.15 showing the duration of investment by respondents

Duration of investment by respondents

16

14

12

10

0
short term(up to 1 medium term(1 -5 year) long term(above 5 year)
year0

Source: Table No. 2.15

Interpretation: Table 2.15 and Figure 2.15 showing that out of 30 respondents, 15(50%) respondent prefer in investing
long term investment followed by 11(37%) respondent prefer in investing medium term investment and rest4(13%)
respondent prefer in investing short term investment.

This result implies that the majority of respondent prefer in long term investment.
2.16 Risk perception of respondents in different investment avenues

Table No. 2.16 showing the risk perception of respondents in different investment avenues

Source: Field survey

Sl.no. Investment No. of respondents Percentage

avenues
No risk Low Moderate High Very high
risk risk risk risk

1. Bank deposit 23 5 0 0 1
2. Insurance 5 19 5 0 1
3. Postal savings 24 5 1 0 0
4. Real-estate 1 1 20 6 2
5. Mutual fund 0 0 22 6 2
6. Gold 3 6 4 15 2
7. Bond/debentures 0 20 2 6 2
Total
Source: Field survey

Fig 2.16 showing the risk perception of respondents in different investment avenues

30

25

20
no risk
low risk
15
moderate risk

10 high risk
very high risk
5

0
Bank Insurance Postal Real-esates Mutual Gold
deposit savings funds

Source: Table No. 2.16

Interpretation: Table 2.16 and Figure 2.16 shows that out of 30 respondents,
2.17 Respondent basis of investment decision

Table no. 2.17 showing the basis of investment decision of respondent

Sl. No. Particulars No. of respondents Percentage

1. Own analysis 8 27%
2. Family and Friends 15 50%
3. Bank 6 20%
4. Broker 1 3%
5. Other 0 0%
Total 30 100%
Source: Field Survey

Fig 2.17 showing the basis of investment decision of respondent

advice taken by respondent before investment

0%
3%

20% 27% own analysis

family and friends1
bank
broker
other

50%

Source: Table No. 2.17

Interpretation: Table 2.17 and Figure 2.17 showing that out of 30 respondents, 50% of respondents also take decision
by taking the advice of family and friends followed by 27% of respondents take their own analysis, 20% respondents
go to the bank advisor and rest 3% of respondent take the broker advice.

This shows that majority of respondents take the advice of Family and Friends before investing.
2.18 How often respondents review their investment

Table No. 2.18 showing how often respondents review their investment

Sl.no. Particulars No. of respondents Percentage

1. Weekly 3 10%
2. Monthly 7 23%
3. Quarterly 11 37%
4. Half-yearly 6 20%
5. Yearly 0 0
6. Rarely 3 10%
Total 30 100%
Source: Field Survey

Fig 2.18 showing how often respondents review their investment

0%
10% 10%

weekly

20% monthly
23%
quarterly
half-yearly
yearly
rarely

37%

Source: Table No. 2.18

Interpretation: table 2.18 and Figure 2.18 showing that out of 30 respondents, 37% of respondent review their
investment quarterly followed by 23% of respondent review monthly,20% of respondent review half-yearly and rest
10% of respondent review their investment weekly as well as rarely.

This shows that majority of respondent review their investment quarterly.

2.19 Primary objective of respondent in investment

Table no. 2.19 showing the primary objective of respondent in investment

Sl.no. Particulars No. of respondents Percentage

1. Retirement benefit 13 44%
2. Funding to education 1 3%
3. Generate income out of saving to meet 10 33%
with current needs
4. Purchase of house 6 20%
Total 30 100%

Source: Field Survey

Fig 2.19 showing the primary objective of respondent in investment

Primary objective of investment

20%
Retirement benefit

44% Funding to education

Generate income out of saving

to meet with current needs
Purchase of house
33%

3%

Source: Field Survey

Interpretation: Table 2.19 and Figure 2.19 showing that out of 30 respondents, 44% of respondents primary objective
of investment is to get the retirement benefit followed by 33% of respondent invest with the objective of generating
income out of saving to meet the current needs, 20% of respondents invest with the objective of purchasing a house
and rest 3% of respondents invest with the objective of funding to education.

This shows that majority of respondent invest with the objective to get the retirement benefit at the old age.
2.20 saving objective of respondent

Table 2.20 showing the saving objective of respondents

SL.NO. Particulars No. Of Respondent Percentage

1 To be secured at old age 14 47%
2 Children education 3 10%
3 Healthcare 7 23%
4 To get tax benefited 6 20%
Total 30 100%
Source: Field Survey

Fig 2.20 showing

the saving
objective of
Saving objective of respondent respondents

5%

28% to be secured at old age

children education
healthcare
55%
to get tax benefit

12%

Source: Table no. 2.20

Interpretation: Table 2.20 and Figure 2.20 showing that out of 30 respondents, 47% of respondent
2.21 Investment features while investing

Table 2.21 showing the investment features seen by respondents while investing

Sl.no. Particulars No. Of respondents Percentage

1. Liquidity 3 10%
2. High return 11 37%
3. Safety of capital 12 40%
4. Tax benefit 4 13%
TOTAL 30 100%
Source: Field Survey

Fig 2.21 showing the investment features seen by respondents while investing

Investment features seen while investing

13% 10%

liqidity
high return
safety of capital
37%
tax benefit
40%

Source: Table No. 2.21

Interpretation: Table 2.21 and Figure 2.21 shows that out of 30 respondent,40% of respondent see the safety of capital
features while investing in avenues, 37% of respondent see the high return features while investing, 13% see the tax
benefit while investing and rest 10% of respondent see the liquidity features while investing.

This indicates that the most of the respondent see the safety of their capital while investing which shows that they
want their money to be in safe hands.
2.22 Problem faced by respondent while investing

Table no. 2.22 showing the problem faced by the respondent while investing their surplus income in different avenues

Sl.no. Particulars No. of Respondent Percentage

1 Yes 2 7%%
2 No 28 93%%
Total 30 100%
Source: Field Survey

Fig 2.22 showing the problem faced by the respondent while investing their surplus income in different avenues

Problem faced by respondent

7%

yes
no

93%

Source: Table No. 2.22

Interpretation: Table 2.22 and figure 2.22 shows that out of 30 respondents, only 2 respondent find difficulty while
investing their surplus income.

This indicates that as most of the respondents invest in bank and postal saving they don’t find any problem while
investing their money and respondent are comfortable with the current prevailing process of saving and investment.
2.23 Measure adapt to tackle the problem

Table no. 2.23 showing the measure adapted by respondent to tackle the problem

Sl.no Particulars No. of respondent Percentage

1. Consult with agent 1 4%
2. Help from government 1 3%
Total 2 7%
Source: Field Survey

Fig 2.23 showing the measure adapted by respondent to tackle the problem

Measure adapted to tackel the probelm by

respondent

consult with agent

50% 50%
help from government

Source: Table No. 2.23

Interpretation: table 2.23 and Figure 2.23 shows that out of 2 respondents, one respondent consult with agents to tackle
the problem and one respondent take the help from government to tackle the problem faced by them while inviting
their surplus income.
 Chapter3: Finding, Suggestion and Conclusion

FINDINGS:

1. It is found that most of the respondents are aged between 31-40 years Therefore it is seen
that most of the respondent are of middle age.

2. It is found that the majority of the respondents were Graduate.

3. It is found that most of the respondents are Government employees.

4. It is found that most of the respondent earns a monthly income averaging from Rs 30,001
to Rs 40,000 and the second majority group is earning a monthly income averaging Rs
40,001 to Rs 50,000.

5. It is found that all the respondent have a good knowledge about the various investment
avenues.

6. It is found that among other avenues the bank deposits and insurance is the most popular
investment avenue followed by post office.

7. It is found that majority of the respondent invest 1 to 10% and 11 to 20% of their income
in investment avenues.

8. It is found that broker and advisor of the respondent are the main source from where they
get information about different investment avenues closely followed by Family and
Colleagues.

9. It is found that majority of the respondents recommend workshop and seminar to create
awareness among working women closely followed by investors meet.

10.It is found that majority of respondent opted insurance as their investment avenues
followed by bank.

11. It is found that the majority of respondent have a good knowledge about the investment
scheme which are specially meant for women.

12. It is found that most of the respondents opted post office RD Schemes which are
specially meant for women closely followed by LIC’S new Janrakshan Plan.

13. It is found that majority of respondent preferred pension plan in future which indicates
they are conscious about their old age and give more importance to it.

14. It is found that the most of the respondent likes to invest their earnings in monthly basis.

15. It is found that the majority of respondent prefer in long term investment followed by
medium term investment.
16. It is found that the majority of respondents want to invest their money where their
investments have No risk and a fixed amount return.

17. It is found that majority of respondents take the advice of Family and Friends before
investing.

18. It is found that majority of respondent review their investment quarterly.

19. It is found that majority of respondent invest with the objective to get the retirement
benefit at the old age.

20.

21. It is found that the most of the respondent see the safety of their capital while investing
which shows that they want their money to be in safe hands.

22. It is found that majority of the respondents invest in bank and postal saving they don’t
find any problem while investing their money and respondent are comfortable with the
current prevailing process of saving and investment.

23..
SUGGESTION
I. Women should be encouraged to invest in more avenues and participate in
the investment avenue which involves high risks and also high returns.

II. Investment in government sector should increase.

III. Investors who want to avoid risk should invest in Saving account, Fixed
deposit, Provident fund, Post office saving, Life insurance, etc.

IV. Investment avenues like share market, mutual fund need more awareness
among salaried individuals so that more individual can be attracted.

V. Financial advisor or financial institution should use T.V. As a marketing

media to attract more investors.
CONCLUSION

Since this study has been conducted on the salaried class women
investors and study on their saving and investment habit. Selection of
perfect investment avenue is a difficult task to any investor. This study
concentrate in identifying the investor’s preference towards various
investment avenues based on their income. Women are less likely to
take investment risks for whatever reason many women are less willing
than men to take risks. The present study has important implications for
investment manager as it has come out with certain interesting facts of
an individual investor. The women investor still prefers to invest in
financial products which give risk free returns. This confirms that Indian
investors even if they are of high income, well educated, salaried,
independent are conservative investors and prefer to play safe. So
government should provide more investor protection.
BIBLIOGRAPGHY
JOURNAL
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2. Vasagadekar Priya (2014) A research paper on investment awareness among Indian

working women with reference to Pune Region. International Journal of Scientific and
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3. Bahal Sarita (2012) Investment behaviour of working women of Punjab.

Arthpabhand: A Journal of Economic & Management. Volume 1 Issue 6th September 2012,
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4. Jain Rajeshwari (2014) An analysis of income and investment pattern of working

women in the City of Ahmadabad. IJRMT (International Journal of Research in
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5. Gaur Arti, Julee, Sukijha Sunita (2011) Difference in Gender Attitude in Investment
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6. Palanivelu, V.R. & Chandra Kumar, K. (2013) A study on preferred investment

avenues among salaried peoples with reference to Namakkal Taluk, Tamil Nadu.

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Web address

 Http://ww.businessdictionary.com/definations/savings.html
 Www, investments.com
 http://papewrs.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract id=876874
 Gosh, et.al. (2005), “what determines household savings in India?”
 http;//www.bizxchange.in/timessme/faces/jsp/hsbczone/savings and investments.jsp
 http:”//findarticles.com/p/articles/mi 6788/is 131/ai n28620577/?tag=content