Comparison of Adjectives

Which?
Lesson 15
Correlative conjunctions
either... or, neither... nor,
Fifteenth Lesson
both... and
Coordinating conjunctions

A Birthday Party
and, but, or

GRAMMAR-PRACTICE-DIALOG

d.
ite
ib
oh
pr
n
io
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st .
ut
di ed
rib
or rv
n se
tio re

Today there’s a party at the Stevenses’ house. Most of their friends are going to come. It’s Mrs.
uc ts

Stevens’ birthday.
od igh

Mrs. Stevens is at the beauty salon; she’s getting a haircut and a manicure; she’s getting ready
for the party.
pr l r

Everybody is “as busy as a bee”. Mr. Stevens, Grandpa, and Bob are working in the yard. Their
Al

yard is the most beautiful in the neighborhood, and they want it to look wonderful for this
special occasion. Mr. Stevens is hanging lights in the trees. The lights are red, blue, and green.
The red ones are the brightest. Grandpa is mowing the lawn, and Bob is trimming the bushes,
re

but Grandpa works faster than Bob.

Grandma and Joan are making a cake in the kitchen. Grandma’s cakes are always the best.
ed

They are all going to finish everything quickly because they are helping each other. The whole
riz

family is conscious of the proverb: “many hands make light work.”

ho
ut
na
U

lights
the whole family

english course Book One - Lesson Fifteen 191

 Lear r
n n
i i
n n
g g
L e a party
Where’s the party?
.........................................................................................

d.
Who’s going to come to the party?

ite
.........................................................................................

ib
Do you like parties?

oh
.........................................................................................

pr
Whose birthday is it?
.........................................................................................

n
io
When is your birthday?
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beauty salon

ut
di ed
.........................................................................................

rib
or rv
Where’s Mrs. Stevens?
n se

.........................................................................................
tio re

What’s she doing there?

.........................................................................................
uc ts

Is she getting ready to go to a friend’s house?

od igh

.........................................................................................
pr l r

hairdresser When are you going to get a haircut?

Al

.........................................................................................
Is a manicure expensive?
.........................................................................................
re

Is everybody busy?
ed

haircut .........................................................................................
riz
ho
ut

birthday
na
U

manicure

192 Book One - Lesson Fifteen english course

 LeaLeranrning
to look wonderful special occasion
ing
23

d.
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ib
oh
pr
Do the Stevenses want their yard to look wonderful?

n
io
..................................................................................................
to mow
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st .
Why?

ut
di ed
the lawn ..................................................................................................

rib
Do you have a yard?
or rv
..................................................................................................
n se

Do you work in it every week?

tio re

..................................................................................................
What’s Mr. Stevens doing?
uc ts

..................................................................................................
od igh

What color are the lights?

..................................................................................................
pr l r

What are Grandpa and Bob doing?

Al

..................................................................................................
Who’s making the cake?
..................................................................................................
Do you like to make cakes?
re

..................................................................................................
to hang Are the Stevenses going to finish everything quickly?
ed

the lights ..................................................................................................

riz

Why?
..................................................................................................
ho
ut

to trim the to help

each other
na

bushes
U

to make a cake

english course Book One - Lesson Fifteen 193

 comparison of adjectives

n g
which..?

Lear
e an
ri
nnig
L bright brighter the brightest

d.
ite
ib
the fastest

oh
faster

pr
fast
Which lights are the brightest?

n
..................................................................................................

io
Is Bob working faster than Grandpa?
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st .
ut
di ed
..................................................................................................

rib
Is Bob younger than Grandpa?
or rv
..................................................................................................
n se

Are you older than your mother?

..................................................................................................
tio re

neighborhood Is your book thinner than your notebook?

uc ts

..................................................................................................
od igh

Is your leg longer than your arm?

..................................................................................................
pr l r

What is the largest animal in the world?

Al

..................................................................................................
Is this lesson shorter than lesson fourteen?
..................................................................................................
Are you hungrier than me?
re

neighbor
..................................................................................................
ed

Is your house the smallest in your neighborhood?

..................................................................................................
riz

Is it hotter in the summer than in the winter?

ho

..................................................................................................
Whose yard is the most beautiful in your neighborhood?
ut

..................................................................................................
na

Is farm life more exciting than city life?

world
.................................................................................................
U

the most
beautiful more beautiful
beautiful

194 Book One - Lesson Fifteen english course

 irregular comparison

LeaLeranrning
What is the most comfortable room in your house?
ing
.............................................................................................................................................
Is it more expensive to eat at home than to eat in a restaurant?

d.
.............................................................................................................................................

ite
Do you remember the most wonderful day in your life?

ib
.............................................................................................................................................

oh
pr
n
io
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st .
ut
di ed
rib
or rv
This cake is good. This cake is better This cake is the best.
n se

than that one.

tio re
uc ts
od igh
pr l r
Al

These cookies are bad. These cookies are worse These cookies are
than those. the worst.
re

Is the cake on the left bad?

ed

.............................................................................................................................................
riz

Is the cake in the middle better than the one on the left?
ho

.............................................................................................................................................
Which cake is the best?
ut

.............................................................................................................................................
na

Are the cookies on the left good?

U

.............................................................................................................................................
Are the cookies in the middle worse than the ones on the left?
.............................................................................................................................................
Which are the worst?
.............................................................................................................................................

english course Book One - Lesson Fifteen 195

 either .... or

g
neither ... nor

ign
both ... and

L Lear
e an
ri
nn At the Party

d.
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Copyright © CEO sac

st .
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di ed
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or rv
There are many people in the Stevenses’ yard. Mrs. Stevens is offering some drinks to her
n se

guests. She looks charming in her silk dress, which is “as red as a rose.” Grandma is an efficient
tio re

dressmaker; she sews beautifully. Mrs. Stevens’ new dress is Grandma’s birthday gift.
The guests are having fun. They can either dance or socialize. Bob can neither dance nor
uc ts

mingle with the guests. He’s practicing because he’s going to play his guitar. He plays it well. Mrs.
od igh

Stevens feels delighted when she listens to him.

Joan’s laughing at a friend’s joke. She’s both happy and amused.
pr l r

guests
Al

offering
re
ed
riz
ho

Are there people in the Stevenses’ yard?

ut

................................................................................................................................................
na

What’s Mrs. Stevens doing?

................................................................................................................................................
U

Is she offering some sandwiches to her guests?

................................................................................................................................................
How does she look in her silk dress?
................................................................................................................................................

196 Book One - Lesson Fifteen english course

 LeaLeranrning
either or
dance
ing

d.
ite
ib
oh
neither nor

pr
socialize - mingle

n
Are the guests bored?

io
Copyright © CEO sac

.......................................................................................................

st .
ut
di ed
What can they do?

rib
.......................................................................................................
or rv
Is Bob dancing?
n se

.......................................................................................................
tio re

Why not?
.......................................................................................................
uc ts

Are you dancing?

od igh

......................................................................................................
pr l r

Why not?
having fun ......................................................................................................
Al

How does Mrs. Stevens feel when her son plays the guitar?
......................................................................................................
Does Bob play it well?
re

.......................................................................................................
ed

What’s Joan doing?

delighted .......................................................................................................
riz

How does she feel?

ho

.......................................................................................................
joke
ut

playing
na

practicing
U

amused guitar

english course Book One - Lesson Fifteen 197

 Lear r
n n
i i
n n
g g
L e a
What color is Mrs. Stevens’ dress?
........................................................................................................................

d.
Are you a dressmaker?

ite
........................................................................................................................

ib
Do you like to sew?

oh
........................................................................................................................

pr
Does your mother sew beautifully?

n
........................................................................................................................

io
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Who sews your clothes?

st .
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di ed
........................................................................................................................

rib
or rv
Whose birthday gift is the silk dress?
n se

........................................................................................................................
tio re

Do you have a silk dress?

uc ts

........................................................................................................................
od igh

Is Grandma an efficient dressmaker?

........................................................................................................................
pr l r

Are you offering drinks to your classmates?

Al

.........................................................................................................................
Is there a party at your house tonight?
re

.........................................................................................................................
Can Bob either dance or mingle?
ed

.........................................................................................................................
riz

Do you give birthday gifts to your friends?

ho

.........................................................................................................................
ut

Are the guests laughing?

na

.........................................................................................................................
U

198 Book One - Lesson Fifteen english course

 GraGm
comparison of adjectives

ramm
Comparison of adjectives
maarr
1.- These are the degrees of comparison:
Positive Form Comparative Superlative Equality

d.
ite
bright brighter than the brightest as bright as
beautiful more beautiful than the most beautiful as beautiful as

ib
good better than the best as good as

oh
2.- To form the comparative and superlative of one-syllable

pr
adjectives, add er and est to the positive form:

n
large larger the largest

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ut
3.- To form the comparative and superlative of adjectives of three or more
di ed
syllables, put more and most before the positive form:

rib
or rv
wonderful more wonderful the most wonderful
n se

4.- Two-syllable adjectives ending in “-er, -le, -ow, -y” make comparatives and superlatives
tio re

as in the first rule.

uc ts

clever cleverer cleverest

od igh

simple simpler simplest

happy happier happiest
pr l r

narrow narrower narrowest

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The rest of two-syllable adjectives make comparatives and superlatives as in the second
rule.
re

common more common the most common

frequent more frequent the most frequent
ed

5.- There are also adjectives and some adverbs with irregular forms:
riz

Positive Form Comparative Superlative Equality

ho

good better the best as good as

well better the best as well as
ut

bad worse the worst as bad as

badly worse the worst as badly as
na

much more the most as much as

many more the most as many as
U

little less the least as little as

far farther the farthest as far as

You use the comparative between two people or two things.

You use the superlative among three or more people or things.

english course Book One - Lesson Fifteen 199

 what..? / which..?

a r a r
G r a G ram m
mm
Adjectives
amused fun

d.
bright light

ite
ASK WITH: busy special
What - for an unlimited conscious whole

ib
choice of possibilities
delighted

oh
Which - for a limited
choice of possibilities

pr
Verbs

n
dance practice

io
hang sew
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st .
ut
listen play (music)
di ed mingle socialize

rib
or rv
mow trim
n se

offer
tio re

FUN:
Conjunction
uc ts

I’m having fun

when
od igh

noun

I’m having a fun day

pr l r

adjective Expressions Adverbs

Al

as busy as a bee beautifully

as red as a rose quickly
have fun today
re

many hands make light work

ed
riz
ho

Vocabulary
ut

beauty salon gift neighbor

birthday guitar neighborhood
na

bushes haircut occasion

U

cake hairdresser party

cookie joke proverb
dressmaker lawn world
fun light bulb
guest manicure

200 Book One - Lesson Fifteen english course

 GraGm
comparison
of adjectives

ramm
conjunctions

Comparison of adjectives maarr

superlative - I am the youngest in my family.
comparative - I am younger than my sister. one
equality / inequality - She isn’t as young as me. syllable

d.
ite
superlative - Jim is the most careful driver in his family.
comparative -
He is more careful than his wife. two

ib
equality / inequality - syllables
I am as careful as he is.

oh
superlative - Sue is the most efficient secretary here.

pr
comparative - She is more efficient than her friend Mary. three or more
equality / inequality - syllables

n
Mary isn’t as efficient as Sue.

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st .
ut
positive - Sam is a good student.
comparative -
di ed
Joe is a better student than Sam. irregular

rib
superlative - Joe is the best student in his class. forms
or rv
equality / inequality - Sam is as good a student as Peter.
n se
tio re

Conjunctions :
Conjunctions are words or phrases that connect words, phrases, or clauses, which must be of
uc ts

equal rank.
od igh

Coordinating conjunctions: the most common are and, but, or.

pr l r

and joins two similar ideas: She is nice, and her sister is nice too.
Al

but joins two contrasting ideas: I like tea, but I don’t like coffee.
or joins two alternative ideas: I can cook dinner, or you can order a pizza.
re

Correlative conjunctions: they work in pairs. The most frequent are either…or,
neither… or, both…and.
ed

either…or, to give two choices of option.

You can have either ice cream or apple pie. (objects)
riz

We are going either to the movies or to the circus. (places)

ho

Either go for a walk or read a book, but do something. (actions)

neither…nor, to deny two choices of option.
ut

They neither clean nor help. (actions)

na

Helen works neither on Sundays nor on holidays. (time)

Bill likes neither fish nor chicken. (objects)
U

both…and, to add two similar options.

Traveling is both educational and fun. (adjectives)
She works both quickly and efficiently. (adverbs)
My sister both works part time and goes to college. (actions)

english course Book One - Lesson Fifteen 201

 No t e s
N o t e s

.............................................................................................................................................

d.
.............................................................................................................................................

ite
.............................................................................................................................................

ib
oh
.............................................................................................................................................

pr
.............................................................................................................................................

n
.............................................................................................................................................

io
Copyright © CEO sac

st .
ut
.............................................................................................................................................
di ed
rib
.............................................................................................................................................
or rv
n se

.............................................................................................................................................
tio re

.............................................................................................................................................
uc ts

.............................................................................................................................................
od igh

.............................................................................................................................................
pr l r

.............................................................................................................................................
Al

.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................
re

.............................................................................................................................................
ed

.............................................................................................................................................
riz
ho

.............................................................................................................................................
ut

.............................................................................................................................................
na

.............................................................................................................................................
U

.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................

202 Book One - Lesson Fifteen english course

 PractPractice
ice nºnº 15
15
I. Answer:

d.
ite
1. What is the nicest place to visit in town?

ib
.........................................................................

oh
2. What is the most dangerous sport?

pr
.........................................................................

n
3. What’s the best memory you have?

io
Copyright © CEO sac

st .
.........................................................................

ut
di ed
rib
4. How often do you have a haircut?
or rv
n se

.........................................................................
tio re

5. Does your mother sew your clothes?

.........................................................................
uc ts
od igh

6. Are you always as busy as a bee at work?

.........................................................................
pr l r
Al

II. Complete the sentences using comparisons.

1. The plane is............................................................... means of transportation. ( fast )

re
ed

2. Fast food isn’t ............ healthy ................. home food.

riz

3. The Sahara desert is .................................... the Mojave desert. (big)

ho
ut

4. Big cities are ..................................... small towns. (noisy)

na
U

5. Machu Picchu is ............................. tourist attraction in Peru. (important)

6. Spring isn’t ............................ hot ............... summer.

english course Book One - Lesson Fifteen 203

 º 1 5
n º 1 5
a c t
r i
a c
c t ice n
e
P r P
III. Make sentences with:
Both .... and ..... ,Neither ...... nor ....., Either ....... or ......... .

d.
Example: - Tom is late. Ann is late too.

ite
- Both Tom and Ann are late.

ib
oh
1. It is a very boring movie. It is very long too. 5. We need new clothes;
The movie is ................................................

pr
We also need new shoes.
2. Is that the English book? Or is it the French We ...............................................

n
book? 6. I can’t dance, and I can’t sing.

io
Copyright © CEO sac

st .
ut
I’m not sure. It’s ........................................... I can .......................................................
di ed
rib
3. Do you want your office on the first or on the 7. You can come with us. Or you can
or rv
second floor? stay here.
n se

It can be ....................................................... You ..................................................

tio re

4. My boss doesn’t smoke, and he doesn’t drink 8. She likes chicken and also meat.
alcohol. She....................................................
uc ts
od igh

My boss .......................................................
pr l r
Al

IV. Complete the paragraph. Use one of the verbs given.

1. Have 5.
Ask 9. Change 13. Decide
re

2. Cost 6. Fit 10. Look like 14. Pay

3. Leave 7. Try ... on 11. Like 15. Wear
ed

4. Think 8.
Thank 12. Leave ... on 16. Give
riz

Mary has a party today. She has many dresses, but she can’t ................................. which one
ho

to ........................................ She is .............................. about buying another dress for this

ut

special occasion. Now she is inside the store. She is ....................... the saleswoman for
na

the blue one because she ........................ it very much. The saleswoman is......................
it to her. Mary is going to ........... it ............ The dress ..................... her nicely. She
U

........................ a queen in it. She doesn’t ................................. enough time to ..............

........................... again, so she is going to ............. it ............... . Now, she is asking how
much the dress .............................. . She is going to ........................ for it in cash. She is
.............................. the saleswoman and ......................... the store.

204 Book One - Lesson Fifteen english course

 DialoDialog l
g lessesson 15
on 15
Dialog 15

d.
Getting ready for the Party

ite
ib
John : Can I help you with the drinks, dear?

oh
Alice : Thank you, honey. I have everything under control.
John : Wow! Look at your dress! You look as beautiful as a movie star!

pr
Alice : And you are the best husband in the whole world. (KISS)
John :

n
Is Bob going to play the guitar for us?

io
Alice : Yes, he is. He’s practicing right now. He’s getting better and better every
Copyright © CEO sac

st .
ut
day.
di ed
rib
(DING DONG) The doorbell rings
or rv
John :
n se

Mmm!!! What’s this? Wow! I love both brownies and shortcakes!

tio re

(DING DONG) The doorbell rings again

Alice : Either you open that door or you put that brownie down. Go!... It’s
uc ts

probably the waiter or the DJ.

od igh

(DOOR OPENING) John opens the door

pr l r

John : Hi, are you the waiter… or… the DJ?

Al

Vendor : Neither the waiter nor the DJ, sir. I am here to offer you the latest, most
interesting, and least expensive encyclopedia on the market.
re
ed

.............................................................................................................................................
riz

.............................................................................................................................................
ho

.............................................................................................................................................
ut

.............................................................................................................................................
na

.............................................................................................................................................
U

.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................

english course Book One - Lesson Fifteen 205