1.

Preliminary sizing of a slab

1.1 Stiffnesscriteria
1.1.1. Slab

𝑑0
ℎ𝑠𝑙 ≥
35

d0=11,50/4 -0,15=2,725m

2725
ℎ𝑠𝑙 ≥
35

ℎ𝑠𝑙 ≥ 77,86𝑚𝑚

hsl=80mm

ℎ𝑠𝑙 ≥ 80 𝑚𝑚

1.1.2. Secondarybeams

1 1 1
ℎ𝑠𝑏 = [ ÷ ] ∗ 𝑡 => ℎ𝑠𝑏 = ∗ 550 = 42,3𝑐𝑚 ≈ 45𝑐𝑚
14 12 13
1 1 1
𝑏𝑠𝑏 = [ ÷ ] ∗ ℎ𝑠𝑏 => 𝑏𝑠𝑏 = ∗ 45 = 15 𝑐𝑚
3 2 3

1.1.3. Primarybeams

1 1 1
ℎ𝑃𝐵 = [ ÷ ] ∗ 𝐿 => ℎ𝑃𝐵 = ∗ 1150 = 115 𝑐𝑚
12 10 10
1 1 1
𝑏𝑃𝐵 = [ ÷ ] ∗ ℎ𝑃𝐵 => 𝑏𝑃𝐵 = ∗ 115 = 38,33 𝑐𝑚 ≈ 40 𝑐𝑚
3 2 3

1.2. Preliminary sizing for strenght (resistance criteria)

𝑙𝑒𝑓𝑓 = 𝑙𝑛 + 𝑎1 + 𝑎2

1 1 1 1
𝑎1 = min { 𝑡1 ; ℎ} = min { ∗ 50; ∗ 115} = min{25; 57,5} = 25cm
2 2 2 2
1 1 1 1
𝑎2 = min { 𝑡2 ; ℎ} = min { ∗ 60; ∗ 115} = min{30; 57,5} = 25cm
2 2 2 2
1 1
𝑙𝑛 = 𝐿 − ∗ 𝑡1 − ∗ 𝑡2 = 1150 − 30 − 25 = 1095
2 2

𝑙𝑒𝑓𝑓 = 1095 + 30 + 25 = 1150𝑐𝑚

2. Loadassessment
2.1. Permanent loads
Slab selfweight𝛾𝑅𝐶 ∗ ℎ𝑆𝐿 ∗ 1,35=25*0,08*1,35=2,7kN/m2
Slab/floor finishes (screed 6cm) 𝛾𝐶 ∗ ℎ𝑆𝑐𝑟𝑒𝑒𝑑 ∗ 1,35=22*0,06*1,35=1,782 kN/m2
G=2,7+1,782=4,482kN/m2
 2.2. Variuable (live) loads
Live load=10kN/m2Q=10kN/m2*1,50=15kN/m2

3. Strenghtciteria
3.1. Slab
q=Q+G=(4,482+15)*1m=19,482 kN/m
𝑞𝑙 2 19,482 ∗ 2,7252
𝑀𝐸𝑑 = = = 16,07𝑘𝑁𝑚
9 9
η=1
λ=0,8
𝜌 = 0,008
𝑀𝐸𝑑
𝑑2 = 𝜉
𝑏 ∗ 𝜂 ∗ 𝑓𝑐𝑑 ∗ 𝜉 ∗ (1 − 2)
𝜌 ∗ 𝑓𝑦𝑑
𝜉=
𝜂 ∗ 𝑓𝑐𝑑
30 𝑘𝑁
𝑓𝑐𝑘 = 30𝑀𝑃𝑎 𝑓𝑐𝑑 = = 20𝑀𝑃𝑎 = 20000 2
1,5 𝑚
500 𝑘𝑁
𝑓𝑦𝑘 = 500 𝑓𝑦𝑑 = = 435𝑀𝑃𝑎 = 435000 2
1,15 𝑚
0,008 ∗ 435000
𝜉= = 0,174
1 ∗ 20000

16,07
𝑑=√ 0,174
= 0,07𝑚
1 ∗ 1 ∗ 20000 ∗ 0,174 ∗ (1 − )
2
𝛷 2
ℎ𝑠𝑙 = 𝑑 + 𝑎 = 𝑑 + 𝑐 + = 7 + 1,5 + = 9,5𝑐𝑚 ≈ 10𝑐𝑚
2 2
𝑐 = 𝑐𝑛𝑜𝑚 + ∆𝑐𝑑𝑒𝑣 = 10 + 5 = 15𝑚𝑚
3.2. Secondary beams
3.2.1. Slab load
𝑘𝑁
𝑓 = 𝑑0 ∗ (𝐺 + 𝑄) = 2,725 ∗ (4,482 + 15) = 53,088
𝑚
3.2.2. Selfweight
𝑘𝑁
𝑓 = 𝛾𝑔 ∗ 𝑏𝑠𝑏 ∗ ℎ𝑠𝑏 ∗ 𝛾𝑅𝑐 = 1,35 ∗ 0,15 ∗ 0,45 ∗ 25 = 2,278
𝑚
3.2.3. Load on secondary beam
𝑘𝑁
𝑓 = (19,482 − 1,35 ∗ 0,1 ∗ 25) ∗ 0,15 = 2,416
𝑚
𝑈𝐿𝑆
𝑘𝑁
𝑞𝑠𝑏 = 53,088 + 2,278 + 2,416 = 58,574
𝑚
𝑞𝑙 2 58,574 ∗ 5,502
𝑀𝐸𝑑 = = = 177,19𝑘𝑁𝑚
10 10
η=1
λ=0,8
𝜌 = 0,012
𝑀𝐸𝑑
𝑑2 = 𝜉
𝑏 ∗ 𝜂 ∗ 𝑓𝑐𝑑 ∗ 𝜉 ∗ (1 − 2)
 𝜌 ∗ 𝑓𝑦𝑑
𝜉=
𝜂 ∗ 𝑓𝑐𝑑
30 𝑘𝑁
𝑓𝑐𝑘 = 30𝑀𝑃𝑎 𝑓𝑐𝑑 = = 20𝑀𝑃𝑎 = 20000 2
1,5 𝑚
500 𝑘𝑁
𝑓𝑦𝑘 = 500 𝑓𝑦𝑑 = = 435𝑀𝑃𝑎 = 435000 2
1,15 𝑚
0,012 ∗ 435000
𝜉= = 0,261
1 ∗ 20000

177,19
𝑑=√ 0,261
= 0,199𝑚
1 ∗ 1 ∗ 20000 ∗ 0,261 ∗ (1 − 2 )
𝛷 2
ℎ𝑠𝑏 = 𝑑 + 𝑎 = 𝑑 + 𝑐 + = 19,8 + 1,5 + = 22,3𝑐𝑚 ≈ 25𝑐𝑚
2 2
𝑐 = 𝑐𝑛𝑜𝑚 + ∆𝑐𝑑𝑒𝑣 = 10 + 5 = 15𝑚𝑚

3.3. Primary beams

3.3.1. Slab load
𝑡 𝑘𝑁
𝑓= ∗ 2 ∗ (𝐺 + 𝑄) = 5,5 ∗ (4,482 + 15) = 107,151
2 𝑚
3.3.2. Secondary beam selfweight
𝑛𝑠𝑏 3
𝑓 = 𝛾𝑔 ∗ 𝑏𝑠𝑏 ∗ (ℎ𝑠𝑏 − ℎ𝑠𝑙 ) ∗ 𝑡 ∗ ∗ 𝛾𝑅𝑐 = 1,35 ∗ 0,15 ∗ (0,25 − 0,1) ∗ 5,5 ∗ ∗ 25
𝐿 11,50
𝑘𝑁
= 1,09
𝑚
3.3.3. Load on primary beam
𝑓 = 1,35 ∗ 𝑏𝑝𝑏 ∗ (ℎ𝑝𝑏 − ℎ𝑠𝑙 ) ∗ 𝛾𝑅𝑐 = 1,35 ∗ 0,4 ∗ (1,15 − 0,1) ∗ 25
𝑘𝑁
= 14,175
𝑚
𝑈𝐿𝑆
𝑘𝑁
𝑞𝑠𝑏 = 107,151 + 1,09 + 14,175 = 122,416
𝑚
𝑞𝑙 2 122,416 ∗ 11,502
𝑀𝐸𝑑 = = = 1618,95𝑘𝑁𝑚
10 10
η=1
λ=0,8
𝜌 = 0,014
𝑀𝐸𝑑
𝑑2 = 𝜉
𝑏 ∗ 𝜂 ∗ 𝑓𝑐𝑑 ∗ 𝜉 ∗ (1 − )
2
𝜌 ∗ 𝑓𝑦𝑑
𝜉=
𝜂 ∗ 𝑓𝑐𝑑
30 𝑘𝑁
𝑓𝑐𝑘 = 30𝑀𝑃𝑎 𝑓𝑐𝑑 = = 20𝑀𝑃𝑎 = 20000 2
1,5 𝑚
500 𝑘𝑁
𝑓𝑦𝑘 = 500 𝑓𝑦𝑑 = = 435𝑀𝑃𝑎 = 435000 2
1,15 𝑚
0,014 ∗ 435000
𝜉= 𝑦 = 0,305
1 ∗ 20000
 1618,95
𝑑=√ 0,305
= 0,55𝑚
1 ∗ 1 ∗ 20000 ∗ 0,305 ∗ (1 − )
2
𝛷 2
ℎ𝑠𝑏 = 𝑑 + 𝑎 = 𝑑 + 𝑐 + = 55 + 1,5 + = 57,5𝑐𝑚 ≈ 60𝑐
2 2
𝑐 = 𝑐𝑛𝑜𝑚 + ∆𝑐𝑑𝑒𝑣 = 10 + 5 = 15𝑚𝑚
4. Preliminary column design

GROUND FLOOR

ULS
No Load Type ULS Load value
value

1 Slab self weight PERM 1,35 γRc*hsl

Floor finishes and

2 PERM 1,35 γscreed*hscreed
ceiling
Secondary beam
3 PERM 1,35 nSB*bSB*(hSB-hSL)*t0* γRc
self weight
Primary beam self
4 PERM 1,35 nPB*bPB*(hPB-hSL)*L0* γRc
weight
Column self
5 PERM 1,35 γRc*hCol*bcol*HGF
weight

6 Cladding load PERM 1,35 γM*0,3*HCL*0,6*LTR

7 Live loads VARIABLE 1,5 q*ATR

FIRST FLOOR

Precast primary
8 PERM 1,35 QSW
beam self weight
Precast roof
9 PERM 1,35 qroofelements
elements
Thermal
insulation;
10 PERM 1,35 0,6kN/m2
waterproofing
equipment

11 Snow loads VARIABLE 1,5 1,35kN/m2

4.1. Load assesments

4.1.1. Internal columns
𝐴 𝑇𝑅 = 𝑡 ∗ 𝐿 = 5,5 ∗ 11,5 = 63,25 𝑚2
 nSB=4
nPB=1
LTR=0
t0=t-bPB=5,5-0,4=5,1m
L0=L-bcol=11,50-0,6=10,90m

GROUND FLOOR

ULS
No Load Type ULS Load value
value

1 Slab self weight PERM 1,35 25*0,1=2,5 3,375

Floor finishes and

2 PERM 1,35 22*0,06=1,32 1,782
ceiling
Secondary beam 4*0,15*(0,25-
3 PERM 1,35 15,49
self weight 0,1)*5,1*25= 11,475
Primary beam self 1*0,4*(0,6-
4 PERM 1,35 73,58
weight 0,1)*10,90*25=54,5
Column self
5 PERM 1,35 25*0,6*0,6*4,2= 37,8 51,03
weight

6 Cladding load PERM 1,35 14*0,3*4,2*0,6*0= 0 0

7 Live loads VARIABLE 1,5 10*63,25=632,5 948,75

FIRST FLOOR

Precast primary
8 PERM 1,35 0,194*11,50*25=55,775 75,296
beam self weight
Precast roof
9 PERM 1,35 qroofelements
elements
Thermal
insulation;
f10 PERM 1,35 0,6kN/m2 0,81
waterproofing
equipment

11 Snow loads VARIABLE 1,5 1,35kN/m2 2,025

4.1.2. Edge columns 1 [EC1]

𝑡 5,5
𝐴 𝑇𝑅 = ∗𝐿 = ∗ 11,5 = 31,625 𝑚2
2 2
nSB=2

nPB=1

LTR=11,50m

t0=t-bPB=5,5-0,4=5,1m

L0=L-bcol=11,50-0,6=10,90m

GROUND FLOOR

ULS
No Load Type ULS Load value
value

1 Slab self weight PERM 1,35 25*0,1=2,5 3,375

Floor finishes and

2 PERM 1,35 22*0,06=1,32 1,782
ceiling
Secondary beam 2*0,15*(0,25-
3 PERM 1,35 7,749
self weight 0,1)*5,1*25= 5,74
Primary beam self 1*0,4*(0,6-
4 PERM 1,35 73,58
weight 0,1)*10,90*25=54,5
Column self
5 PERM 1,35 25*0,6*0,6*4,2= 37,8 51,03
weight
14*0,3-
6 Cladding load PERM 1,35 164,32
*4,2*0,6*11,50= 121,716

7 Live loads VARIABLE 1,5 10*31,625=316,25 474,375

FIRST FLOOR

Precast primary
8 PERM 1,35 0,194*11,50*25=55,775 75,296
beam self weight
Precast roof
9 PERM 1,35 qroofelements
elements
Thermal
insulation;
10 PERM 1,35 0,6kN/m2 0,81
waterproofing
equipment

11 Snow loads VARIABLE 1,5 1,35kN/m2 2,025

4.1.3. Edge columns 2 [EC2]

𝐿 11,5
𝐴 𝑇𝑅 = ∗𝑡 = ∗ 5,5 = 31,625 𝑚2
2 2
nSB=2,5

nPB=0,5

LTR=5,50m

t0=t-bPB=5,5-0,4=5,1m

L0=L-bcol=11,50-0,6=10,90m

GROUND FLOOR

ULS
No Load Type ULS Load value
value

1 Slab self weight PERM 1,35 25*0,1=2,5 3,375

Floor finishes and

2 PERM 1,35 22*0,06=1,32 1,782
ceiling
Secondary beam 2*0,15*(0,25-
3 PERM 1,35 7,749
self weight 0,1)*5,1*25= 5,74
Primary beam self 0,5*0,4*(0,6-
4 PERM 1,35 36,79
weight 0,1)*10,90*25=27,25
Column self
5 PERM 1,35 25*0,6*0,6*4,2= 37,8 51,03
weight
14*0,3-
6 Cladding load PERM 1,35 78,59
*4,2*0,6*5,50= 58,212

7 Live loads VARIABLE 1,5 10*31,625=316,25 474,375

FIRST FLOOR

Precast primary
8 PERM 1,35 0,194*11,50*25=55,775 75,296
beam self weight
Precast roof
9 PERM 1,35 qroofelements
elements
Thermal
insulation;
10 PERM 1,35 0,6kN/m2 0,81
waterproofing
equipment

11 Snow loads VARIABLE 1,5 1,35kN/m2 2,025

4.1.4. Corner columns

 𝐿 𝑡 11,5 5,5
𝐴 𝑇𝑅 = ∗ = ∗ = 15,81𝑚2
2 2 2 2

nSB=1,4

nPB=0,5

LTR=(11,50+5,50)/2=8,5m

t0=t-bPB=5,5-0,4=5,1m

L0=L-bcol=11,50-0,6=10,90m

GROUND FLOOR

ULS
No Load Type ULS Load value
value

1 Slab self weight PERM 1,35 25*0,1=2,5 3,375

Floor finishes and

2 PERM 1,35 22*0,06=1,32 1,782
ceiling
Secondary beam 1,5*0,15*(0,25-
3 PERM 1,35 12,42
self weight 0,1)*5,1*25=9,197
Primary beam self 0,5*0,4*(0,6-
4 PERM 1,35 36,79
weight 0,1)*10,90*25=27,25
Column self
5 PERM 1,35 25*0,6*0,6*4,2= 37,8 51,03
weight

6 Cladding load PERM 1,35 14*0,3*4,2*0,6*8,50= 89,96 121,45

7 Live loads VARIABLE 1,5 10*15,81=158,1 237,15

FIRST FLOOR

Precast primary
8 PERM 1,35 0,194*11,50*25=55,775 75,296
beam self weight
Precast roof
9 PERM 1,35 qroofelements
elements
Thermal
insulation;
10 PERM 1,35 0,6kN/m2 0,81
waterproofing
equipment

11 Snow loads VARIABLE 1,5 1,35kN/m2 2,025