PIR SENSOR MODULE

PIR SENSOR

The PIR (Passive Infra-Red) Sensor (#555-28027) is a pyro electric device that detects
motion by measuring changes in the infrared levels emitted by surrounding objects. This motion
can be detected by checking for a high signal on a single I/O pin. Output is a standard 5V active
low output signal. Module provides an optimized circuit that will detect motion up to 6 meters
away and can be used in burglar alarms and access control systems. Inexpensive and easy to use,
it's ideal for alarm systems, motion-activated lighting, holiday props, and robotics applications.
The Output can be connected to microcontroller pin directly to monitor signal or a connected to
transistor to drive DC loads like a bell, buzzer, siren, relay, opto-coupler, etc.

FEATURES
 Complete with PIR, Motion Detection IC and Fresnel lens
 Simple 3 connections
 Dual Element Sensor with Low Noise and High Sensitivity
 Supply Voltage: 5V DC
 Standard Active Low Output pin for connecting to microcontroller directly
 Detecting range up to 6 meters
 LED indication
 Module Dimensions: 25mm Length, 32mmWidth, 25mm Height

PIN DIAGRAM

Fig.1. Pin diagram of PIR sensor

PIN DEFINITIONS
PIN NAME DESCRIPTION
+ Vdd Power Supply Positive,
Connect to +5V DC regulated
power supply
OUT P0 Connect to I/O pin set to
INPUT mode of
microcontroller (or
transistor/MOSFET).
Output is HIGH when idle (no
motion detected). LED is OFF
Output remains LOW when
sensor is triggered. LED is ON
- Vss Power Supply Ground: 0V
Table.1.Pin definitions of PIR sensor

BLOCK DIAGRAM

Fig.2. Block diagram of PIR sensor

THEORY OF OPERATION
Pyroelectric devices, such as the PIR sensor, have elements made of a crystalline material
that generates an electric charge when exposed to infrared radiation. The changes in the amount
of infrared striking the element change the voltages generated, which are measured by an on-
board amplifier. The device contains a special filter called a Fresnel lens, which focuses the
infrared signals onto the element. As the ambient infrared signals change rapidly, the on-board
amplifier trips the output to indicate motion.
The PIR (Passive Infra-Red) Sensor is a Pyroelectric device that detects motion by
measuring changes in the infrared (heat) levels emitted by surrounding objects. This motion can
be detected by checking for a sudden change in the surrounding IR patterns. When motion is
detected the PIR sensor outputs a high signal on its output pin. This logic signal can be read by a
microcontroller or used to drive a transistor to switch a higher current load.

WARM UP TIME
The PIR Sensor requires a ‘warm-up’ time in order to function properly. This is due to
the settling time involved in ‘learning’ its environment. This could be anywhere from 1-2
Minutes. After this warm up time, sensor will be ready to use.

RANGE OF OPERATION
The PIR Sensor has a range of approximately 20 feet (6 meters). This can vary with
environmental conditions. The sensor is designed to adjust to slowly changing conditions that
would happen normally as the day progresses and the environmental conditions change, but
responds by making its output high when sudden changes occur, such as when there is motion.
This device is designed for indoor use. Operation outside or in extreme temperatures may affect
stability negatively. Due to the high sensitivity of PIR sensor device, it is not recommended to
use the module in the following or similar condition.
 In rapid environmental changes & strong shock or vibration
 In a place where there are obstructing materials (eg. glass) through which IR cannot pass
within detection area.
 Exposed to direct sun light or direct wind from a heater or air condition
 Fig.3. Range of operation of Sensor

APPLICATIONS
 Motion-activated nightlight
 Alarm systems
 Robotics & Holiday animated props