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Section 1 总论
General Description
Shape:
位置分布: 1 长骨 Long Bones
中轴骨 axial bones
2 短骨 Short Bones
头颅骨 bones of skull
躯干骨 bones of trunk 3 扁骨 Flat Bones
长骨 Long Bones
体 shaft or body
两端 ends or extremities
骺 Epiphyses
关节面 articular surface
干骺端 metaphyses
骺软骨epiphyseal cartilage
骺线 epiphyseal line
1
3 扁骨 Flat Bones Surface marks:
Structure:
骨端:头 (head) 骨质 bony substance
小头 (capitulum)
髁 (condyle) 密质 compact bone
上髁 (epicandyle)
松质 spongy bone
颈 (neck)
滑车 (trochlear) 骨小梁 trabeculae
2
骨膜 periosteum
骨髓 bone marrow
昨日,台盟广东省委和省台联的领导来到南方医院看望接
受骨髓移植的黄振腾。17岁的黄振腾于2003年12月患上
急性淋巴白血病,海峡两岸同胞为他捐助手术费22.56万
Specimen making 元,从台湾找来的匹配骨髓送到了他所在的医院。6月25
日,黄振腾在广州市南方医院成功接受了骨髓移植手术。
(新华社记者周文杰摄)
Hardness
无机质 organic component :
Toughness
Specimen making
3
骨的可塑性 plasticity 功能 The Functions of Bones
Endocrine factors内分泌因素
Nutritional factors营养因素
4
1. The General Characteristics
椎骨一般特征
突起 processes
椎体vertebral body
椎孔 vertebral foramen articular processes
关节突
椎弓vertebral arch transverse
椎弓根 pedicles processes 横突
椎弓板 laminae
spinous process 棘突
2. 各部椎骨主要特征
椎间孔 The Main Characteristics
intervertebral
foramen
寰椎(C1 )
atlas.
2. 各部椎骨主要特征
The Main Characteristics
(1) 颈椎 The cervical Vertebra 枢椎(C2)
a. 横突孔 transverse foramen axis
b. 棘突分叉bifid spines (exception C1 & C7)
隆椎(C7)
vertebra
prominens
5
Atlas Greek mythological character.
In Greek legend Atlas was a Titan (2) 胸椎 The thoracic vertebrae
who took part in the revolt against
the gods. As a punishment he was
condemned to hold the heavens aloft
forever.
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(5) The coccyx 尾骨 II. 胸骨 The sternum
尾骨角 coccyeal cornu (horn)
胸骨柄 Manubrium
胸骨体 body
剑突 xiphoid process
肋弓 costal arch
5
1 anterior scalene
tubercle 前斜角肌结节
2 sulcus of subclavian
vein 锁骨下静脉沟
Helan Mountain