Conceptual design

4.1 Design Description

Maize shelling and decorticating machine has its features and characteristics. This machine
works properly when the design considers both men’s and women’s average height by
feeding maize head from the harvested field to decorticate and shell it. In order to design this
machine different terms used to express different explanation.

The first step in decomposing a problem functionally is to represent it as a single box

operating on materials, energy and signal flows. As shown below, figure 4.1

Power
and Decorticating
Shelling unit
energy unit

Harvested
maize
head

Maize Maize
stack grain

Figure 4. 1 Decomposing problem

The next step in functional decomposition is to divide the single black box in to sub-function
to create a more specific description of what the elements the product might do in order to
implement the overall function of the product.

4.2 Product design

Design of product is the structure of the arrangement of the physical elements of a product to
carry out its required function. It begins to emerge in the conceptual design phase from such
thing as diagram of functions, rough sketches of the concept and perhaps a proof of concept.
Create schematic diagram of the product

A schematic is a diagram representing the understanding of the constituent element of the

product.

Mechanical Pulley

energy from and Belt

engine

Electrical Electrical
engineering engineering

Figure 4. 2 schematic diagram of multi-purpose animal food processing machine

Figure 4. 3 Assembly of multi-propose animal food processing machine

4.3 Working mechanism of project

Working mechanism of this machine are first supply power source to electric motor in order
to change electrical energy to mechanical energy. Motor has been mount on the frame with
help of bolt and nut. Electric motor power transmitted to cutter blade shaft by means of belt.
Hopper can be mounted on the cutter assembly and Then move on to cutter assembly here to
prepared the cutter container after that inset the shaft then cutter are mounted on shaft with
key to feeding of waste food, grass etc., properly.

We feed the grass, waste food, wheat stalk, barley stalk, bean stalk etc. in to the hopper then
the feed roller feed this material to cutter blade by crushing force. The cutter blade cuts this
material in to smaller size (powder). These powder remove from the cutter house by means of
centrifugal blade. Finally all the assembly work is done machine is ready work.
4.4 Requirements and design of machine

Shaft

A Shaft is a rotating element, usually circular in cross section; line shaft is used to transmit
power from one shaft to another, or from the machine which produces power, to the machine
which absorbs power. The various members such as pulleys, gears etc. are mounted on it.

Electric Motor

Electric motor is an electrical machine that is used to convert electrical energy into
mechanical energy.

Cutter

This is the main section of the cutting machine. The fine and uniform chopping of the waste
food is done in this section. This cutter consist of following parts - Hopper, cutter (main blade
and centrifugal bade), Housing, Frame stand.

Main frame

Firstly, the frame of the cutter to be constructed. The mild steel angle section is used to build
the frame. The frame is light and strong enough to sustain weight of the machine. After frame
is developed we need to mount.

Belt

The belts or ropes are used to transmit power from one shaft to another by means of pulleys
which rotate at the same speed or at different speeds.