Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
Documenti di Cultura
A Thesis
Presented to
The Faculty of
Buenaventura Alandy National High School
Brgy.Ibabang Bukal Tayabas City
______________________________
In Partial Fulfillment
Of the Requirements in
Practical Research II
______________________________
By:
DE CHAVEZ,VINCE ROI G.
BARLOS,KIM ERROLH G.
ORTIZ,JOHN ALBERT
Ms.AILEEN AVERILLA
Practical Research II
August 2018
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
Philippines but also in other countries. But what is the use of being in demand if
the welder doesn’t know how to prevent possible harm or trouble in their work or
make sure that we are safe not just only for ourselves but also for our love ones.
It is very impotant that we know the precautionary measures to make sure that we
are taken to protect the welders from potential hazard and when proper operating
practices are followed .Laws (2017) There are several hazards central to welding
that must be accounted for in welders training,equipment ,and set up for a job. This
include electric shock ,welding fumes , fire and injuries that can be caused by
wearing PPE that is not sufficient to protect against the level of hazard encounter
during the task.Most welding equipment has a voltage that present a risk of electric
shock .”the most common type of electric shock is secondary voltage shock from
an arc welding circuit , which ranges from 20 to 100 volts. Bear in mind that even
on the condition”,an article OHS OH and S published three years ago pointed out.
BACKGROUND
appear to be the final word. For instance, what types of precautionary measures
prevent one environmental hazard itself entails another environmental risk? And
once taken, how long should precautionary measures be left in force? (Tickner et
al., 2000).
consederation for any welding project. Arc welding is a safe occupation when
proper precautions are taken .But if safety are ignored ,welders face an array of
hazard which can be potentially dangerous. Arc welding is also safe occupation
when sufficient measures are taken to protect the welder from potential hazard.
When these measures are overlooked or ignored, however, welder can encounter
such danger as electric shock, overexposure to fumes and gases, arc radiation,
fire and explosion, which may result in serious, or even fatal injuries.
the precautionary measure that is very important to our safety. In this study
therefore ,the researcher want to know the precautionary measures use by the
welding shops in Brgy Mateuna Tayabas City, Quezon and to propose possible
1.What are the precautionary measures used by the welding shops in Brgy
WELDERS – This will give the welders enough information about using
COSTOMER – This will serve as a guide and will help them to became aware to
FUTURE RESEARCHER – The result of this research may help the new
researcher to develop their findings ang can be the source of information that will
Welding shops and its welders in Brgy Mateuna Tayabas City ,Quezon
are use as a sample in conducting the survey. Focuses on the current year 2018
welding shop in Brgy Mateuna Tayabas City, Quezon and to propose possible
precautionary measures.
CHAPTER II
This chapter present the review of related literature and related studies
that will act as a supporting idea to the study. It also includes the conseptual
RELATED STUDY
that must be accounted for in welders' training, equipment, and set-up for a job.
These include electric shock, welding fumes, fire, and injuries that can be caused
by wearing PPE that is not sufficient to protect against the level of hazard
encountered during the task. Most welding equipment has a voltage that presents
a risk of electric shock. "The most common type of electric shock is secondary
voltage shock from an arc welding circuit, which ranges from 20 to 100 volts. Bear
in mind that even a shock of 50 volts or less can be enough to injure or kill an
must be acquainted with safety data sheets for the welding consumable products
they are using, as well as the use of ventilation to ensure exposures are minimized.
Permissible exposure limits come into play here, limits established by OSHA and
PPE selection and worker training. Once trained, workers should understand when
PPE is needed and what types of PPE are needed; how to put on and take off their
PPE properly; the limitations of their PPE; and the proper care and maintenance
proper precautions are taken, safe working environment can be provided. Arc
welding includes various hazards like dust, gas and smoke, compressed gas
cylinders, harmful rays, high temperature and electric shock. These hazards can
cause accidents which may occur before, during or after welding. Especially
breathing dust, gas and smoke or exposure to the harmful rays may lead to
occupational diseases in long term. In this paper, physical and chemical risks that
may arise during the TIG welding process are searched and safety measures that
set by international and national standards are presented. Storage and use of
compressed gas cylinders, safety instructions for TIG welding machine, workplace
preventive actions are developed and organized to avoid or minimize risks posed
priorities established and directed by public policies . In the specific case presented
parties, and include messages concerning events that pose risks to workers and
how to identify, analyze and manage such risks. For risk communication to be
risks. Thus, risk communication, along with public participation and conflict
face of events that pose risks to health. The use of risk communication as a primary
Health Promotion (LAMSA) research group has developed research in this context
disorders was used to classify events that pose risks to health and that can be
detrimental to the health of welders. One of the main risk factors to which welders
are exposed is welding fumes and gases. The main disorders caused by such
conducted in the United States and Denmark. There are, however, few studies
cardiovascular disorders.
RELATED LITERATURE
Equipment (PPE) must protect against hazards such as burns, sparks, spatter,
electric shock, and radiation. The use of PPE is a good safe practice and may be
required by regulatory agencies. For example, OSHA requires the use of PPE
when engineering and administrative controls are not feasible or effective. Welding
and cutting can produce hazards such as sparks, spatter, radiation (infrared,
ultraviolet, and blue light), slag, heat, hot metal, fumes and gases, and even
electric shock. Since these hazards may cause burns, injury, or death, it is
workers performing this task. Very little information exists regarding health hazards
and how they are controlled among welders in developing countries. For instance,
among small scale welders in Lusaka, Zambia. Acute health effects experienced
by the welders were also explored as well as the welders’ awareness regarding
occupational hazards and use of PPE. This was a cross sectional study of 430
guide and checklist was used to collect data on demographic characteristics, work
experience and occupational hazards, awareness of PPE and hazards, use of PPE
and acute health effects experienced. Descriptive statistics were used in the
analyses of data,Chi square and ANOVA tests were used for comparing study
variables and a generalised linear model with a log link function was used to derive
relative risks. It was found that welders were exposed to welding hazards such as
intense bright light, heat, noise, fumes and gases. Other hazards arose from poor
housekeeping, unsafe work structures and tools such as grinders. Although the
majority (98%) of welders were aware of at least one type of welding hazard or
PPE, about 2% were not aware of any hazards or any personal protective
measures. None of the welders used all the recommended PPE at any time during
their work. A high prevalence of self-reported eye (88%) nasal (78%), metal fume
fever (68%) andrespiratory (64%) related symptoms was found in addition to burns
(87%) and cuts (79%) on hands/arms. Education was associated with awareness
Welders in this study worked under poor and dangerous conditions that
exposed them to several safety and health hazards. Although most welders were
aware of occupational hazards and related PPE for their work, this awareness did
not translate into use of PPE. Their use of protective measures did not offer the
effects was found among the welders in the study. This calls for concern and need
for more preventive measures within this occupational group to avoid injuries and
diseases.
CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
Based from the related readings, the researchers felt that the
industry.
RESEARCH PARADIGM
precautionary
measure in
welding industry
DEFINITIONS OF TERMS
hazards during or
immediately after work, or within a period of two weeks after exposure to hazards
at work.
the
potential to cause harm or adverse health effects on people performing this task.
welding
helmets/shield, safety boots, fire resistant aprons, work suit/coverall and insulated
gloves)
exposed to a hazard.
Small Scale Enterprise: A business entity whose total number of workers is less
than 10.
These may or may not be registered with the company registrar of Zambia.
Welding: The process of joining metal pieces by means of molten metal that is
produced at
METHODOLOGY
This chapter includes the locale of the study, research method population
RESEARCH METHOD
surveying the welding shop in Brgy Mateuna Tayabas City, Quezon which
The respondent will be the welding shop owner and its welder in Brgy
convenience sampling technique where the intended respondent are the owner
and welder of the welding shop ,because the welder and owner of the welding
shop is the only capable to determine the necessary data that the study aims to
find.
RESEARCH INSTRUMENT
intent during the conduct of the study. A letter of intent was also served to the
respondents.
QUESTIONS 4 3 2 1
welding?)
welding?)
Gambo (2015)
http://helseforskning.etikkom.no/
(OSH, 2018)
https://ohsonline.com/Articles/2017/04/01/Welding-Safety-Best-
Practices.aspx?m=1&Page=3
(IJIRSET, 2018)
http://www.rroij.com/open-access/safety-considerations-in-a-
weldingprocess-a-review.php?aid=44846
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/314281038_RISKS_AND_SAFETY_ME
ASURES_IN_TIG_WELDING_PROCESS