SWAMI KESHWANAND

INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY MGT.

AND GRAMOTHAN, JAIPUR (RAJ.)

SUBMITTED TO :-
MR. AMIT KUMAR (ASS. PROFESSOR)
CIVIL DEPARTMENT
SUBMITTED BY:-
SOURABH KR. MEENA
ARIF MAJEED MALIK
 FOUNDATION
INTRODUCTION
OBJECTS OF FOUNDATIO
TYPES OF FOUNDATION:-
a) SHALLOW FOUNDATION
b) DEEP FOUNDATION
INTRODUCTION
The lowest artificially prepared parts of
the structures which are in direct contact
with the ground and which transmit the
loads of the structures to the ground are
known as the foundation or substructure.
OBJECTS OF FOUNDATION

 to distribute the total load coming on the structure on a

larger area.
 provide to support the structure.
 provide to the stability.
 Protection to the settlement of sub soil.
 TYPES OF FOUNDATION

The two main types of foundation are:-

Shallow foundation
Deep foundation
Types of shallow foundation: Types of deep
foundation:
Isolated spread footing 1. pile
foundation
Combined footing 2. pier
(caisson) foundation
Cantilever or strap footing
Raft or mat foundation
SHALLOW FOUNDATION

• Depth of foundation is less

then or equal to its width.
Isolated spread
footing:- in framed
structures where several
columns are to be constructed,
isolated footing can be
adopted.
COMBINED FOOTING

• this type of footing is

adopted when the space
between two columns is so
small that the foundation
for individual columns will
overlap.
CANTILEVER OR STRAP FOOTING
• These are similar to
combined footing, except
that the footing under
columns are built
independently, and are
joined by strap beam.
MAT OR RAFT FOUNDATION
• This is a larger continuous
footing supporting all the
columns of the structure.
This is used when soil
conditions are poor but
pile are not used.
DEEP FOUNDATION
• Depth of foundation is more
than or equal to its width.
1. Pile foundation:- pile is an
element of construction used
as foundation. It may be
driven in the ground vertically
or some inclination to
transfer the load safely.
PILE FOUNDATION IS USED WHEN
• The soil near the surface doesn’t have sufficient bearing
capacity.
• The estimated settlement of the soil exceeds tolerable limits.
• Differential settlement due to soil variability or non –
uniform structural loads in excessive.
• Water table is above.
2. PIER FOUNDATION
• It’s a vertical bridge
support.
• It’s a foundation for
carrying a heavy structural
load which is constructed.
THANK YOU