ORPILLA, LESTER E.

Detailed Lesson Plan in Chemistry

I. Objectives: At the end of the lesson, the students will be able to:

1. define the meaning of concentration of solution in their own understanding

correctly;
2. identify the importance of concentration of solution in our daily life and;
3. solve percentage by mass and volume related problems.

II. Subject Matter:

A. Topic: Concentration of Solutions: Percentage by Mass and Volume

B. Reference: Principles of General Chemistry by Patricia Amateis p. 214-130
C. Materials: alcohol bottle, GSM bottle, iodine bottle, cartolina
D. Skills: Problem solving
E. Values: Patience, Honesty
F. Concept: The concentration of solutions may be expressed in terms of
percentage or parts solute in 100 parts solution.

III.Procedure:

Teacher’s Activity Learner’s Activity

A. Preliminary Activities

Greetings
Prayers
Checking of Attendance
Classroom Management

B. Review

Before we proceed to our lesson, let’s Sir, last meeting we have discussed about
have a recap from what we have solubility.
discussed last meeting.

Very good, what else? Sir, we have also discussed about factors
that affect solubility.

Okay, So what is solubility? Sir, solubility refers to the extent to which a

solute dissolves in a given solvent.

Very well said. And what are the Sir, the factors that affect solubility are: the
factors that affect solubility? nature of solute and solvent, temperature
and pressure.
 You’re right! How does the nature of Sir, solubility of a solute in a solvent purely
solute and solvent affects solubility? depends on the nature of both solute and
solvent. A polar solute dissolved in polar
solvent. Solubility of a non-polar solute in a
solvent is large. A polar solute has low
solubility or insoluble in a non-polar solvent.

Very good. How about temperature?
Sir, for an endothermic solution, increasing
the temperature increases the solubility of
solid and liquid solvent. However for gases,
an increase in temperature decreases
solubility.

Precisely! So, how about pressure? Sir, increasing the pressure increases the
solubility of gases in liquid as it allows more
gas molecules to be intact with the solvent.

Very good!

C. Motivation

Class, I have here an ethyl alcohol, a Sir, they have volumetric measurement.
betadine and a ginebra san miguel
containers. What can you observed
about their labels?

Yes. Aside from that, what else? Sir, they are examples of solution.

Good, but I am asking for what have Sir, there are percentage of solutions and
you observed about their labels. Okay, proofs indicated.
what else?

Definitely! What do these percentages Sir, it means that the solution is

implies? concentrated.

You’ve got it!

D. Developmental Activities

So, what is concentration of solution? Sir, concentration of solution refers to the

amount of solute in a given amount of
solvent or solute.

What do you think is the importance of

concentration of solutions in our daily
life?
 Sir, it is important in the field of medicine
because it indicate the solute needed for
making medicines in the appropriate
amount needed by body of a patient

Very good! What else? Sir, it is important because it indicates the

intensity of the solution needed. For
example in muriatic acid, the concentration
there is indicated to know where to use it.
Because the higher concentration,the very
corrosive it is?

The amount of concentration of solute Sir, dilute and concentrated.

in a given amount of solvent can be
expressed qualitatively. And what are
they?

Exactly! What is dilute? Sir, dilute is a solution that contains a small

proportion of solute relative to solvent.

Very good! And what is a concentrated Sir, concentrated is a solution that contains
solution ? a large proportion of solute relative to
solvent.

You’re right!
A more accurate way of expressing
the amount of solute in a given
amount of solvent is in terms of
percentage, morality, molality,
normality, parts per million, and parts
per billion. But for today will be dealing
with percentage by mass and volume.

What is the formula in solving for the wt/wt % = [(mass of solute)/(mass of

percentage by mass/ weight? solution)] x 100%

That’s it! Where weight of solution is

equal to weight of solution plus weight
of solvent.

For example, a solution that is labeled

5% NaCl means that there are 5g of
NaCl for every 95g of solvent or 100g
of solution.

Take note that 1g is equivalent or

equal to 1 mL.

Okay, let’s have a problem solving.

What is the percentage by mass of a Given: wt. of solute = 11g
salt solution prepared by dissolving wt. of solution= 80g
11g of salt in 80g of solution?
Formula:
wt/wt % = [(mass of solute)/(mass of
solution)] x 100%

Solution: % by wt = 11g x 100

80g

= 0.1375 x 100

= 13.75%

Substitute the given values in the

formula, 11g over 80g times 100,
cancel the units of measure, 11
divided by 80 is 0.1375 multiplied to
100 is 13.75%.

Check. Very good!

Let’s have another example.

Express the concentration of a solution Given: wt. of solute= 40g

prepared by dissolving 40g of salt in wt. of solution= 40g + 160g= 200g
160g of water.
Formula:
wt/wt % = [(mass of solute)/(mass of
solution)] x 100%

Solution: % by wt. = 40g x 100

200g

= 0.20 x 100

= 20%

Kindly explain your work. Notice that there was no weight of

solution given. So, what we are going to do
is to add the weight of the solute and the
solvent, 40g + 160g is 200g. Substitute the
given values in the formula, 40g over 160g
times 100, cancel the units of measure, 40
divided by 200 is 0.2 multiplied to 100 is
20%.

Check. Very good!

Can you follow class? Yes sir.

Let’s move on to percent by volume.
This is generally used when the solute
is a liquid or gas.

What is the formula in solving the v/v % = [(volume of solute)/(volume of

percentage by volume? solution)] x 100%

Very good! This is widely used in

determining the alcohol content of
alcoholic drinks.

The amount of alcohol in alcoholic Sir, proof number.

beverages is expressed as…..what?

That’s right! And what is the formula Sir, 2(%by volume)

used for solving the proof number?

Let’s solve.

A solution is prepared by mixing 50 ml Given: vol. of solute= 50 mL

of C2H5OH in 300 mL of distilled vol. of solvent= 300mL
water. What is the percent by volume
concentration and the proof number of
the solution?
Formula:
v/v % = [(volume of solute)/(volume of
solution)] x 100%

Solution: %by vol.= 50 mL x 100

50 mL + 300mL

= 50 mL x 100
350mL

= 0.1428 x 100

= 14.28%

Proof No.= 2(14.28)

= 28.56

Kindly explain your work. The volume of the solute is 50 mL

and notice that only the volume of the
solvent is given not the volume of the
solution. So, what we are going to do is to
add the volume of the solute and the
volume of the solvent to come up with the
volume of the solution, 50 mL plus 300 mL
is equal to 350 mL. Substitute the given
and computed values in the formula, 50 mL
over 350 mL times 100, cancel the units of
 measure, 50 divided by 350 is 0.1429
multiplied to 100 is 14.28 %. To get the
proof number of the solution, we have to
multiply it by 2, so the answer is 28.58
proofs.

That’s Correct!

Okay class, can you follow? Yes sir.

Let’s have another example.

What volume of alcohol is required to Given: vol. of solution= 250 mL

prepare 250 mL of a 10% by volume vol. of solute= 10
solution? % by volume= (unknown)
Formula:
v/v % = vol of solute x 100%
vol of solution

vol. of solute = % by vol. x vol. of solution

100

= 10 x 250 mL
100

= 2500 mL
100

= 25 mL

Kindly explain how you get your
answer.
The volume of the solution is 250
mL, the volume of the solute is unknown,
and the percent by volume is 10. Since the
volume of the solute is unknown, what we
are going to do is to derive the formula we
come up with the formula; volume of solute
is equal to percent by volume multiplied to
the volume of solution divided by 100.
Substitute the given values, 10 multiplied to
250 is 2500 divided by 100 is 25 mL.

Very good. That’s the right thing to

solve when one of the values is
unknown.

E. Application

Direction: Solve the following problem

in your notebook.

1. What is the percentage by mass of

 a sugar solution prepared by
dissolving 40g of sugar in 120g of
water?

2. A man drinks 500 mL of an 86

proof wine per week. What is his
total alcohol intake per week?

3. What weight of solute will be

required to produce 400g of a 10%
solution? How many mL be neede?

Solve on the board.

1. Given: wt. solute= 40g

wt. of solvent= 120g
Solution:

%by wt= wt. of solute . x 100

wt. of solute + wt. of solvent

= 40g x 100
40g + 120g

= 40g x 100
160g

= 0.25 x 100

= 25%

2. Given: proof= 86
wt. of volume= 500mL
vol. of solute= (unknown)
% by volume= (unknown)

Solution:

Proof= 2 (%by volume)

86= 2 (%by volume)

2 2

%by volume= 86
2

= 3

v/v % = vol. of solute x 100%

vol. of solution
 43 = vol. of solute x 100%
500

vol. of solute = 43 (500 mL)

100

= 21500 mL
100

= 215 mL

3. Given: wt. of solution= 400g

% by wt.= 10
wt. of solute= (unknown)

Solution:

%by wt= wt. of solute . x 100

wt. of solute + wt. of solvent

10= wt of solute x 100

400g

wt. of solute= 10 (400g)

100

= 4000g
100

= 40g

Very good! All your answers are

correct.

F. Generalization

Okay class, who can summarize the Sir, we discussed about concentration of
gist of our discussion this day? solutions and computation of percentage by
mass and volume.

How to solve percentage by mass and Sir, in solving for the percentage by mass,
volume in a given solution? we have to use the formula

%by wt= wt. of solute . x 100

wt. of solute + wt. of solvent.

And to solve for the percentage by volume,

we have to use the formula
 v/v % = [(volume of solute)/(volume of
solution)] x 100%.

Very good! How about for the proof Sir, in solving the proof number of alcoholic
number for alcoholic beverages? beverages, we have to multiply the
percentage by volume by 2.
Precisely!

IV. Evaluation

Direction: In a 1 whole sheet of paper, answer the following.

Teacher’s Activity Learner’s Activity

1. How many grams of NaCl are present in a

250g salt solution containing 9% NaCl?

2. How many mL of pure alcohol can be

obtained from 300mL of an 80 proof solution?
1.Given: wt. of solution= 250g
% solute in solution= 9
wt. of solute=(unknown)
Solution:

%by weight= wt. of solute x 100

wt. of solution

9= wt. of solute x 100

250g

wt. of solute= 9 x 250g

100

= 2250g
100

= 22.5g

2. Given: proof= 80
vol. of solution= 300 mL
vol. of solute= (unknown)

P= 2(% by volume)

80 = 2 (% by volume)
2 2
 % by volume= 40

% by volume = vol. of solute x 100

vol. of solution

40= vol. of solute x 100

300mL

vol. of solute = 40 (300mL)

100

= 12000mL
100

= 120 mL

V. Assignment

Search on the definition of molarity, molality, and normality. Write it in 1 whole sheet of
paper.

Prepared by:

LESTER E. ORPILLA
BSE III- BIOSCI

Presented to:

DR. VIRGINIA O. RUDIO

Course Professor