Savannah Crowley

Annotated Bibliography

Snapp, S. D., Watson, R. J., Russell, S. T., Diaz, R. M., & Ryan, C. (2015). Social support networks for LGBT
young adults: Low cost strategies for positive adjustment. Family Relations, 64(3), 420-430.
doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/fare.12124

It has been proven that family, friend, and community acceptance play a huge role in the life of
an LGBT youth. The acceptance of family, friends, and the community give positive outcomes such
as self-esteem. Because acceptance is so important to an LGBT youth, rejection affects the mind
heavily. Family acceptance is the strongest influence overall. LGBT youth can experience positive
or negative outcomes when the youth decides to “come out”. “LGBT young adults who reported
high levels of parental rejection during adolescence were 8.4 times more likely to attempt suicide,
5.9 times more likely to report high levels of depression, and 3.4 times more likely to use illegal
drugs and to engage in risky sexual behavior compared with peers from families who reported no
or low levels of family rejection (Ryan et al., 2009)” is stated in the article. Depression and
substance use can be outcomes of negative experiences from coming out. Although the effects of
rejection from family, the acceptance of family and friends can provide a new outlook on life for
LGBT youth. Social rejection can play a big role in the life of an adolescent apart of the LGBT
community as much as family rejection can. In the article it states, “In a sample of lesbian and
bisexual girls, youth reported better mental health if they had both parental support and did not
lose friends as a result of disclosing their sexual orientation (D'Augelli, 2003)”. The LGBT
community defines acceptance through health and well-being. Acceptance can be affirmed or
rejected by the community, friends, and family.

Ryan, Caitlin,PhD., A.C.S.W., Russell, S. T., PhD., Huebner, David,PhD., M.P.H., Diaz, Rafael,PhD., M.S.W.,
& Sanchez, J., B.A. (2010). Family acceptance in adolescence and the health of LGBT young adults.
Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Nursing, 23(4), 205-13. Retrieved from
https://login.proxy039.nclive.org/login?url=https://search.proquest.com/docview/816337319?a
ccountid=10163

Family acceptance gives of more self-esteem and general health status. Acceptance protects
against depression, as well as substance use and suicidal behaviors. It’s associated with positive
mental health towards LGBT youth. Around the time an LGBT youth comes out to their parents,
the relationship is challenged. Social acceptance plays a big part as well. In the article it
states, “Researchers in one study (Rosario, Schrimshaw, & Hunter, 2009) examined
substance use among LGB youth and asked youth whether they perceived reactions to
their LGB identity from a range of people (including family members, coaches, teachers,
therapists, neighbors, and friends) to be accepting, neutral, or rejecting. The number of
perceived rejecting reactions were reported to predict substance use; although accepting
reactions did not directly reduce substance use, such reactions buffered the link between
rejections and substance use.” Social and parental rejections can cause substance abuse,
suicide, sexual health risks, and depression.