Fase 1 – Reconocimiento

Evaluación del Impacto Ambiental

Presentado por:
Juan Sebastián Díaz Hernández
Código: 1.102.377.610

Presentado a:
Julian Eduardo Mejia

Curso:
358032_7

Universidad Nacional Abierta Y A Distancia – UNAD

Escuela de Ciencias Agrícolas, Pecuarias y del Medio Ambiente
Abril del 2019
 1. From the article “Sustainable construction—The role of environmental assessment
tolos”, elaborate an analytical summary where you mention your personal opinion
about the limitations and functions of environmental assessment methods in
construction according to the document. The article is available in the contents of
the knowledge environment course, Unit 1, complementary bibliographical
references.

Analytical Summary

Title of the text Evaluating the environmental impact of

products and production processes: a
comparison of six methods
Author's names and surnames Edgar G.Hertwich, William S.Pease
Catherine P.Koshland
Year of publication 1997
Summary of the text:
The ambition of manufacturers and consumers concerned with selecting products and
processes that are less harmful to the environment has led to the development of life cycle
assessment and design for the environment. Both areas focused on developing inventories
of emissions and consumption of raw materials for products and processes. It was possible
to propose processes for the comparison and evaluation of pollutant loads and the demand
for inventory resources, but not yet a satisfactory process is recorded. This article
compares six methods. The health risk scoring system (HHS) uses processes of analytical
hierarchy (AHP) to assess toxic effects in workplaces and the risks of accidents. Material
entry per unit of service (MIPS) adds the mass of material inputs required to produce a
product or service. The ecological point method (SEP) punctuates pollutant loads in terms
of contributing a source to an acceptable pollutant load and an environmental scarcity
factor. The sustainable process index (SPI) determines the area required to apply a
sustainable process, based on the generation of renewable resources and toxic degradation.
The life cycle impact assessment method (SETAC LCA) adds pollutants with similar
impacts to the equivalence potentials (measured in kg of CO2 equivalent, kg of benzene
equivalent, etc.) and uses the analysis to assign weights to adverse effects. The
environmental priority system (EPS) characterizes the environmental damage caused by
the equivalence potentials and expresses it monetarily. In spite of the use for the same
intention, the methods differ in purposes, in effects, the depth of the analysis, the way of
influencing values in the final score and the use of ordinal or cardinal impact measures.
Identifying two problems: (1) in various degrees, the methods have the potential to
recommend an alternative that has a greater impact than another; (2) some of the methods
require very extensive data and such imperfect tolerance, that the application for
sophisticated processes becomes too complex.
Keywords Design for environment; Environmental
impact evaluation; Industrial ecology; Life-
cycle assessment
Problem addressed by the text:
To varying degrees, evaluation methods have the potential to recommend an alternative
that has greater impact than another; Likewise, some methods require data that is too long
with such an imperfect tolerance, that the application for sophisticated processes or
services becomes too complicated.
Objectives of the text:
Demonstrate with comparative arguments, that there is no satisfactory evaluation method
that meets all the needs.
Main theme of the author:
Comparison of six environmental impact assessment method
Conclusions of the text:
It is concluded that among the methods of evaluation compared, there is none that satisfies
the requirements in its entirety
Bibliography cited by the author:
Energy and Resources Group, University of California at Berkeley, 310 Barrows Hall,
Berkeley, CA 94720-3050, USA
Environmental Health Science, University of California at Berkeley, 140 Earl Warren,
Berkeley, CA 94720-7360, USA
Name and surname of the person who Juan Sebastián Díaz Hernández
prepared this Analytical Summary
Date on which this Analytical Summary 02/04/2019
was prepared
 Bibliografía

Vázquez, C. R. (2017). Ecología y medio ambiente. Recuperado de

https://bibliotecavirtual.unad.edu.co:2538/lib/unadsp/reader.action?ppg=1&docID=52
13550&tm=1540224810269

Sánchez, L. E. (2010). Evaluación del impacto ambiental: conceptos y métodos.

Recuperado de
https://bibliotecavirtual.unad.edu.co:2538/lib/unadsp/reader.action?ppg=1&docID=31
97516&tm=1540224728784

Ding, G. (2008). Sustainable construction—The role of environmental assessment tolos.

Revista ELSEVIER, pág. 451. Recuperado de
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048969796053442