many luminous bodies

sighted in the skies some are stars, yet some are Grahas. Those, that have no movements, are the
Nakshatras (asterisms).

4-6. Those are called ‘Grahas’, that move through the Nakshatras (or stellar mansions) in the zodiac.
The said zodiac comprises of 27 Nakshatras commencing from Ashvini. The same area is divided in
12 parts equal to 12 ‘Rāśis’ commencing from Mesh. The names of the Grahas commence from
Sūrya. The Rāśi rising is known, as ‘Lagn’. Based on Lagn and the Grahas, joining and departing from
each other, the native’s good and bad effects are deducted.

Addition from Santhanam till Sloka 7. The names of the 27 Nakshatras are Ashvini, Bharani, Krittika,
Rohini, Mrigasira, Ardra, Punarvasu, Pushya, Aslesha, Magha, Purvaphalguni, Uttaraphalguni, Hasta,
Chitra, Swati, Vishaka, Anuradha, Jyeshtha, Mula, Purvashadh, Uttarashadh, Shravana, Dhanishtha,
Satabhisha, Purvabhadra, Uttarabhadra, Revati.

Lagn is a very important point in the horoscope. It is the Rāśi, that rises in the East, on the latitude of
birth. The apparent rising of a Rāśi is due to the rotation of the earth on its own axis at a rate of
motion, causing every degree of the zodiac seemingly ascend on the eastern horizon.

Approximately, two hours are required for a Rāśi to pass via the horizon, thereby every degree
taking four minutes to ascend. This duration, however, is actually dependent on the concerned
latitude.

Actually Sūrya has no motion. His motion is an apparent one, as viewed from the rotating earth.
Other Grahas, including the nodes, have varied rates of motion. The average daily motions of the
Grahas, which are not, however standard, are, as follows: Sūrya 1, Candr 13-15, Mangal 30-45’, Budh
65-100’, Śukr 62-82’, Guru 5-15’, Śani 2’, Rahu/Ketu 3’.

With such different motions, a Grah forms various Drishtis with others. These Drishtis through
longitudinal distances have a great deal of utility in Jyotish. This is what Maharishi Parashar suggests
to be considered.

7. Details (of astronomical nature) of stars have to be understood by general rules, while I narrate to
you about the effects of Grahas and Rāśis.

8-9. The positions of the Grahas for a given time be taken, as per D