PRACTICAL WORK

HOMOPHOBIA

Name: Alejandro Mariscal, Nicolas Trigo

Course: 4 ATT

Teacher: Rodrigo Salinas

Date of delivery: 26/9

Instituto 13 de Julio
What is homophobia?

It is known as homophobia to irrational aversion, prejudice and

discrimination towards homosexuals, lesbians, transgender and
bisexual people or LGBT community.
Homophobia is characterized by the rejection, fear, hatred, or disgust
that a group of people feel about homosexuality in general. Initially, the
term homophobia was used in the year 1966 by the psychotherapist,
writer, and American activist George Weinberg.
Homosexuals suffer from discrimination at work, in the social
environment, suffering from verbal, psychological, physical aggression
and even crimes. Since 1991, Amnesty International recognizes
discrimination against homosexuals as a violation of human rights.
Homophobia is studied by psychologists and psychiatrists. Some
studies reveal the relationship between hatred and homosexuality with
repressed transsexual sentiments, that is, there are individuals who do
not yet define their sexual identity, generating doubts and acts against
those who already defined their preference Sexual. Other experts
relate homophobia to certain mental structures of personality,
especially the authoritarian or dominant personality.
International Day Against Homophobia, transphobia and Biphobia
(IDAHTB) is celebrated on May 17 to commemorate the elimination of
homosexuality from the list of mental illnesses by the General
Assembly of the World Health Organization (WHO), which took place
on May 17, 1990. Its main objective is to coordinate all kinds of actions
that serve to denounce discrimination against homosexuals, bisexual
and transgender people and to advance their rights around the world.
Homophobia in religions

There are several religious entities and cultures that present a moral
rejection of homosexuality, this is because their beliefs do not allow
such behaviors. For many of them homosexuality is regarded as a
mortal sin.
For the Catholic religion, homosexuality means attacking something
that is sacred, the family, and that is why it is a sin. It is not considered
a natural behavior, because only a man and a woman can procreate
naturally, instead homosexual people are not capable of that.
In the case of Islamism, homosexuality is regarded as an impure act.
With the passage of time they have managed to get laws to penalize
people who have this sexual orientation.
In other religions, homosexuality is not tolerated under any
circumstances, so people who are are often victims of discrimination
and mistreatment as they cannot be integrated. Many of these religions
are considered homophobic.

Nazi Germany and homophobia

The Nazi ideology did not tolerate homosexuality, because gay people
were considered as degenerate who could not serve in any way to their
homeland. During the passage of the homosexual people through the
concentration camps, these were the ones that suffered the most
discrimination within them since they were considered inferior to the
others. Many of them were tortured, being used as elements for
research. Scientists sought to discover the origin of homosexuality and
thus seek a cure.
Gay marriage

In recent years laws have been increasing in several countries that

allow marriage between two people of the same sex. Great were the
polemics that were presented to these decisions, so many people took
protest measures against these laws, demonstrating their full
opposition to this type of marriage. Many of these people belong to
different kinds of religions and cultures.

Homophobia today

It is more than fifty the number of countries that still consider

homosexuality as a crime. Despite the fact that over the years they
have been declining, the figure is relatively high if all the social
movements and acceptance that has been obtained by the people are
taken into account.
Thanks to the various media, homosexuality was able to take a certain
level of popularity by showing itself freely on television in movies,
programs on the air and so on, so it has been easier for several
generations to grow in A society that shows different that several
centuries ago, since seeing a homosexual person and sharing certain
things does not generate the controversy that perhaps could occur in
other times.
Although the years have passed and society gained a great deal of
advances, both technological and accepting of ideas, there is still
homophobia and discrimination against homosexuals. Not only is it not
accepted, but it is also punished even with death sentences. This
happens more often in countries like Saudi Arabia, Iran, Mauritania,
among others.
Despite the great change of ideas that has emerged in society, still
governs a large percentage of people who do not agree with
homosexuality and therefore allow homophobia, it is presented in many
ways, the most common is discrimination.
Homosexual people are exposed to any kind of abuse, not only by their
religions or beliefs, but also from their everyday environment, as is the
work environment. It is very common for a heterosexual person to be
more likely to get a job faster than a homosexual person, this is
because the whole society is not yet ready to accept the differences.

Global level

Legal homosexual behavior

Gay marriage
Civil unions
Without civil unions
Recognition of homosexual marriages made in other countries
Illegal/restricted homosexual behavior
Restrictions on freedom of expression and association
Penalidad de jure, mas no aplicada de facto.
Prison sentence
life sentence
death penalty

Types of homophobia

Affective homophobia
It could be considered that these types of homophobia are all feelings
of rejection of homosexual people, that is, the feelings that arise when
relating to a homosexual person.

Behavioral Homophobia
This type of homophobia relates to the behaviors that people have
toward homosexuals. They can go from mockery or joke, which would
be considered the slightest on the scale to physical aggression.

Cognitive homophobia
They are the ideas and concepts that are towards homosexuality.
Homosexuality has always been understood as something negative,
unnatural or amoral based on stereotypes and thus sometimes
erroneous.
Sexual orientation

Sexual orientation is the ability of each person to feel an emotional,

affective and sexual attraction for people of a different gender, or of the
same gender, or more than one gender, as well as the ability to
maintain intimate and sexual relations with that person. The orientation
can be described with the following categories:

Heterosexuality: Erotic attraction and/or affective by persons of sex

and/or gender other than identified as their own.

Homosexuality: Erotic attraction and/or affective towards people of

the same sex and/or gender.

Bisexuality: Erotic attraction and/or affective to other people,

regardless of sex and/or gender.

Gays: It is used as a synonym for the identity of homosexual men,

although some lesbian women also use it; It is a identity construction
and is also a way of self-determination.

Lesbians: Women who relate erotic-affective-loving-vitally with

women. It is a identity construction and is also a way of self-
determination.
How can homophobia be combated?

From families, school and community, a multitude of actions can be

carried out to help shovel homophobia in society:
*One of them could be to promote dialogue and debate on this subject,
always pointing out the importance of human rights.

*Since homosexuality is a reality, one should talk with the family on this
subject with the intention of raising awareness.
*You could also talk about this topic at school because each person
has the right to be different.

*Finally, we should talk to the teachers at the centres, as children can

also mimic homophobic sentiment. It is therefore very important for
teachers to have an ' acceptance of differences '.

Finally, for homosexuals who are receiving homophobic treatment,

they should:

*Support him to accept his identity, as well as in the event that he was
harassed by school for reasons of his sexual orientation.

*It would also be advisable to encourage him to talk about his feelings.

*Help you to contextualize the situation because it often tends to

exaggerate.

*In the event that your discomfort is extreme and the family and
educational support is not necessary, it would be advisable to seek
help from professionals.
Cases of homophobia

1. Attack Bar Pulse (United States)

On the morning of June 12th this year, a man, identified as Omar

Saddiqui Mateen, entered a gay bar in Florida and killed more than 50
people. Although the Islamic State was awarded the attack, my
Seddique, father of the aggressor, noted that it was not a religious
attack, but homophobe. He explained that months ago, in Miami, his
son had seen two men kissing, which angered him too much and led
him to perform one of the worst attacks in the history of that country.

2. Daniel Zamudio (Chile)

This young man, just 24 years old, died in 2012. He agonized for 25
days, after 4 neo-Nazis beat him for being homosexual. He was kicked
and beaten to fatigue, even his assailants burned his body with lit
cigars.
The authorities of the country managed to capture the culprits, but
Zamudio did not survive. The young man became a symbol of
homophobic violence in Chile and his parents and friends created a
foundation to defend the rights of homosexual people.
Bibliography

https://www.lifeder.com/homofobia/

https://www.gob.mx/gobmx/articulos/que-es-la-homofobia-que-es-
la-orientacion-sexual-sinhomofobia

https://concepto.de/homofobia/

https://www.tripofobia.info/homofobia.html

https://definicion.de/homofobia/