Hormone

Works specifically on certain organs, body parts or activities.The body produces

very small amounts but has a great influence on certain activities in the body working slowly,
the influence of hormones is not spontaneous as in the regulation by the nerve as a chemical
compound, hormones are not produced every time. Hormones are produced only when
needed
The functions of hormone :

1. Producing hormons with blood blooded through by networks in a certain body

2. Control body study activity
3. Support body activity activity
4. Networking network growth
5. Setting metabolism, oxidation, improving glucose absorption on fine usus
6. Influence fatty metabolism, protein, crystal hydraulic, vitamin, mineral and water

The pituitary gland is called the master gland because it secretes hormones which
will then control the secretion of hormones by other endocrine glands.
Divided into 3 lobes: anterior, posterior, intermediate lobes.
Anterior lobe the hormone produced from the anterior lobe is
 GH or somatotropic function stimulates the growth of body tissue and bone,
stimulating protein synthesis.
 Prolactin that serves to stimulate the growth of breast tissue and lactation.
 TSH that serves to stimulate the thyroid gland, increase fat metabolism.
 Gonadotropic hormone (LH and FSH) that affect growth, maturity function of
secondary and primary sex organs.
 ACTH that serves to stimulate the formation of steroids by the adrenal cortex.
Posterior lobe is consists of neural networks so called neurohipofise.
hormone produced:
 ADH or vasopressin which serves to increase the reabsorption of water by distal
tubules and renal tubule koleduktus thus decreasing urine production.
 oxytocin that serves to stimulate the release of breast milk, uterine contractions,
involved in sperm transport in the female reproductive tract.

Lobe intermediates this located between the posterior and anterior lobes.
Produce melanotropin which serves to stimulate melanogenesis: gives dark color to
skin. It also produces Endorphin: Controlling pain receptors

GLAND HORMONE CHEMICAL HORMONE ACTION

CLASS
Adrenal glands Ephinephrine Amine Fight – or – flight
Medulla cortex Glucocorticoids Steroid Raise blood glucose
Mineralocorticoids Steroid Absorb water and sodium
in kidneys
Gonads Estrogens Steroid Female secondary sex
Ovaries progesterons Steroid characteristics
Testes Androgens Steroid Pregnancy
Male secobdary sex
characteristics
Kidney Erythropoietin Peptide Red blood cell production
Renin Peptide Blood pressure and volume
Heart Atrial natriuretic Peptide Increases urine production ,
factor (ANF) lowers blood volume
Digestyve system Gastrin Peptide Secretion of gastic juices
Secretin Peptide Pancreas releases HCO3-
CCK Peptide Gallbladder releases
bile,satiety (feeling full)
Hypothalamus Releasing and Control anterior pituitary
inhibiting factors
Pituitary anterior Growth hormone Protein Growth of bone and muscle
Prolactin Protein Milk production
FSH / LH Protein Gametes and hormone
production
Thyroid stimulating Protein Stimulates thyroid
hormone (TSH)
ACTH Peptide Stimulates adrenal cortex
Posterior Oxytocin Peptide Stimulates uterine
contractions
ADH Peptide Reduces urine output
Pineal gland Melatonin Amine Biological rhythms
Thyroid gland T3 san T4 Amine Stimulate metabolic rate
Calcitonin Peptide Lowers blood calcium
Parathyroid glands Parathyroid hormone Peptide Raises blood calcium
Pancreas Insulin Protein Lowers blood glucose
Glucagon Protein Raises blood glucose
(Lynette Rushtom,Denton A.,M.D.Cooley, 2009)

Daftar pustaka :

Bibliography
 Lynette Rushtom,Denton A.,M.D.Cooley. (2009). the endocrine system. Chelsea House
Publications.

 Materi IBD semester 1