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CHAPTER

30 TEST PREP PRETEST

Mollusks and Annelids


In the space provided, write the letter of the term or phrase that
best completes each statement or best answers each question.
1. The fertilized eggs of both mollusks and annelids develop into a distinct
larval form called a
a. polyp. c. trochophore.
b. veliger. d. nudibranch.

2. Most mollusks have a


a. three-chambered heart and a closed circulatory system.
b. three-chambered heart and an open circulatory system.
c. four-chambered heart and an open circulatory system.
d. four-chambered heart and a closed circulatory system.

3. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of mollusks?


a. acoelomate body structure
b. bilateral symmetry
c. organ systems
d. three-part body plan

4. Annelids were the first organisms to exhibit


a. a true coelom. c. bilateral symmetry.
b. organ systems. d. segmentation.

5. All annelids have a(n)


a. closed circulatory system and a three-chambered heart.
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b. closed circulatory system and a four-chambered heart.


c. closed circulatory system and a series of hearts.
d. open circulatory system and a series of hearts.

6. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of annelids?


a. gills or lungs
b. complex organ systems
c. a highly specialized gut
d. segmented bodies

7. When soil in the digestive tract of an earthworm leaves the crop,


it passes to the
a. pharynx. c. esophagus.
b. gizzard. d. anus.

8. The movement of earthworms requires


a. muscles lining the interior body wall.
b. muscle contractions.
c. traction provided by setae.
d. All of the above

Biology: Principles and Explorations Test Prep Pretest Chapter 30 117


Circle T if the statement is true or F if it is false.
T F 9. Mollusks and annelids are NOT related.
T F 10. Most mollusks breathe with ciliated gills located in their mantle cavity.
T F 11. Octopuses and squids have a closed circulatory system.
T F 12. Bivalves reproduce asexually.
T F 13. During evolution, slugs and nudibranchs lost their shells.
T F 14. The species of the class Cephalopoda are sessile filter feeders.
T F 15. Cephalopods are the most intelligent of all invertebrates.
T F 16. Some annelids have fleshy appendages called parapodia.
T F 17. The muscular regions that provide movement for a mollusk are called
parapodia.
T F 18. Polychaetes are terrestrial worms that tunnel through the soil.
T F 19. Earthworms are hermaphrodites.

Complete each statement by writing the correct term or phrase


in the space provided.
20. Mollusks and annelids were probably the first major groups to develop a true
.
21. Mollusks filter useful materials from their coelomic fluid by tiny tubular

structures called .

22. When the muscles of a bivalve contract, they cause the


valves to close forcefully.

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Questions 23–25 refer to the figure below, which shows the
structure of an earthworm.
A B

23. The structure labeled A, called the , grinds up soil that


the earthworm ingests.

24. The , labeled B, coordinates the


muscular activity of each body segment.
25. The earthworm anchors several of its segments by sinking its

, labeled C, into the ground.

118 Biology: Principles and Explorations Test Prep Pretest Chapter 30


26. Bivalves feed by sucking sea water through hollow tubes called

.
27. All mollusks EXCEPT bivalves have a rasping tonguelike organ called a(n)

28. have a primitive brain called a cerebral ganglion


located in one anterior segment.

29. Leeches differ from other annelids in that they lack both

and .

Read each question, and write your answer in the space provided.
30. What is a trochophore?

A free swimming larval stage.

31. Why are terrestrial snails more active when the air around them is moist?

Terrestrial snails have a mantle cavity that acts as a modified lung that exchanges oxygen
and carbon dioxide with the air. The thin membrane lining the mantle cavity must be kept
moist to allow gasses to diffuse through it. When the air is moist, snails have more oxygen
which results in more energy. In dry periods, snails become inactive and seal the opening of
their shells with a mucous plug.
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32. Describe the function of septa in annelids.


Separates the coelom of the worm. Septa is a thin layer of tissues.

33. How are cephalopods adapted as predators?

They have strong

Biology: Principles and Explorations Test Prep Pretest Chapter 30 119


34. In what basic way do the annelid and mollusk body plans differ?

35. How are annelids classified?

36. Why do earthworms require a moist environment?

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120 Biology: Principles and Explorations Test Prep Pretest Chapter 30


CHAPTER 29 40. Most hydrozoans reproduce asexually by
budding, although some are capable of sex-
Simple Invertebrates ual reproduction. Scyphozoan medusas repro-
duce sexually. However, most scyphozoans
MULTIPLE CHOICE have a polyp stage that reproduces asexually.
1. c 41. Obelia polyps remain attached to one
2. a stem, forming a colony. Planulae are free-
3. c swimming larvae that eventually settle on
4. d the ocean floor and develop into polyps,
5. c establishing a new colony.
6. d 42. Planarians are hermaphrodites that repro-
7. a duce sexually when two individuals transfer
8. a sperm to each other. They also reproduce
9. a asexually by splitting in two to form two
10. d individuals.
11. a
43. They absorb food from the host’s intestine
12. c
directly through their skin.
MATCHING 44. Hookworm infestation can be prevented by
wearing shoes when walking in areas that
13. e
are likely to be infested with larvae.
14. b
15. h
i
16.
17. g
CHAPTER 30
18. d Mollusks and Annelids
19. l
20. k MULTIPLE CHOICE
21. n
22. m 1. c
23. j 2. b
24. a 3. a
25. f 4. d
26. c 5. c
6. a
COMPLETION 7. b
8. d
27. hermaphrodite
28. spongin, spicules TRUE/FALSE
29. same individual or same sponge
30. Hydrozoa 9. F
31. asexually 10. T
11. T
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32. tentacles
33. pharynx 12. F
34. (sufficiently) cooked 13. T
35. snail 14. F
36. trichinosis 15. T
16. T
ESSAY 17. F
18. F
37. By beating their flagella, collar cells draw 19. T
water through a sponge’s many pores and
into the internal cavity of the sponge. The COMPLETION
collar cells trap and digest food particles
found in the water. The collar cells then 20. coelom
release nutrients into the mesoglea, where 21. nephridia
the nutrients are picked up by other special- 22. adductor
ized cells called amoebocytes. The amoebo- 23. gizzard
cytes carry nutrients to the rest of the 24. cerebral ganglion
sponge’s cells. 25. setae
26. siphons
38. Sperm are shed into the water and enter 27. radula
another sponge through its pores. Collar 28. Annelids
cells trap the sperm, which then pass into 29. parapodia, setae
the mesoglea, where the eggs reside. After
fertilization, flagellated larvae develop. ESSAY
These larvae swim out of the sponge, attach
to an object, and grow into adult sponges. 30. A trochophore is the distinct larval form
shared by both mollusks and annelids.
39. Some polyps are specialized for floatation,
some for feeding, and others for reproduction.

Biology: Principles and Explorations Test Prep Pretest Answer Key 195
31. The thin membrane that lines a terrestrial COMPLETION
snail’s mantle cavity must be moist for respi- 31. trilobites
ration to occur. During dry conditions, the 32. Insects
snail closes itself up in its shell. 33. exoskeleton
32. Septa are internal body walls that separate 34. brain
the segments of most annelids. 35. nymph
33. Cephalopods have strong, beaklike jaws and 36. caste
tentacles with either suction cups or hooks 37. lips, jaws, graspers
for seizing prey. They are highly intelligent 38. movement
and capable of complex behaviors, as demon- 39. Lyme disease
strated by their agility when catching prey. 40. larval
Also, they have excellent vision and can 41. complete metamorphosis
swim very rapidly. 42. adult, egg
43. pupa, chrysalis
34. The annelid body is segmented; the mollusk 44. Crustacea
body is not segmented. 45. four
35. Annelids are divided into three classes based 46. Crustaceans
on the number of setae they have and the 47. carnivores, herbivores
presence or absence of parapodia.
36. Earthworms respire by the diffusion of oxy- ESSAY
gen and carbon dioxide through their skin. 48. Both annelids and arthropods have a coelom
For this exchange of gases to occur, the skin and a segmented body.
must be kept moist. 49. Possible answers include jointed appendages,
segmentation, a distinct head, an exoskele-
ton, compound eyes, spiracles, Malpighian
CHAPTER 31 tubules, and wings.
Arthropods 50. Possible answers include appendages
branched at the ends, a distinctive larval
MULTIPLE CHOICE form, two pairs of antennae, three pairs of
1. d chewing appendages, and legs attached to
2. a their abdomen as well as their thorax.
3. c 51. Millipedes have two pairs of legs attached
4. b to each body segment and are herbivores.
5. c Centipedes have one pair of legs attached
6. d to each body segment and are carnivores.
7. c 52. Grasshoppers have two pairs of wings.
8. b A pair of leathery forewings protects the
9. c more-delicate flying wings.
10. c
53. During development, the larva exploits dif-

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11. d
ferent habitats and food sources than the
12. a
adult does. Competition between the larva
13. b
and the adult is eliminated, thus increasing
14. d
the chance for survival in each stage of the
insect life cycle.
MATCHING
54. Mouthparts might be adapted for biting and
15. c
chewing, for piercing and sucking, or for
16. h
sponging and lapping.
17. k
18. b
19. f
20. n
CHAPTER 32
21. p Echinoderms and Invertebrate
22. e
23. o Chordates
24. m
25. i MULTIPLE CHOICE
26. l 1. b
27. j 2. d
28. a 3. b
29. d 4. c
30. g 5. d
6. d
7. a
8. b
9. a
10. c
11. b

196 Biology: Principles and Explorations Test Prep Pretest Answer Key

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