ISSN :2454-2415 Vol. 6, Issue 6, 2018June, 2018DOI 11.25835/IJIK-71www.doie.

org

Survey on Cyber Crime and Cyber Security

Roshni Bhandari1, Vandan Khamkar2 and Sneh Mehta3

1
Assistant Professor, Computer Engg. Dept., SSAIET, Navsari, Gujarat, India
er.roshni.201@gmail.com, 74052-96455
2, 3
U. G. Student, Computer Engg. Dept., SSAIET, Navsari, Gujarat, India
vandankhamkar1@gmail.com, 81287-70872
snehmehta933@gmail.com , 88668-79221

ABSTRACT and spreading viruses on other computers through

Cyber crime also called Computer crime is any crime
that involves a computer and a network. As individuals
and businesses increase their reliance on technology,
they are exposed to the growing cybercrime threats.
Using the computers for our day-to-day transactions is
quite common now days. For example, we pay our life
insurance premium, electricity bills, reserve flight or
train or bus tickets, order book or any other product
online using personal computer, smart phones, public
browsing centers etc. The number of users doing online
transactions are growing rapidly ever since, because of
the convenience it gives to the user to transact business
without being physically present in the area where the
transaction happens. Criminals committing cybercrime
are also growing day-by-day with the increased number
of users doing online transactions. Cybercrime covers a
wide range of different attacks such as Cyber extortion,
Cyber warfare, spreading Computer viruses or Malware,
Internet fraud, Spamming, Phishing, carding (fraud),
child pornography and intellectual property rights
violation etc. Because of increased cyber-attacks these
days, the online users must be aware of this kind of
attacks and need to caution while doing online
transactions. This article all show how to prevent those
attacks, laws created by government for cyber security
and it also provides cyber ethics that one should follow
along with a case.
Key words: Cyber crime, Cyber security, Cyber
ethics.
INTRODUCTION
Cybercrime can be defined as crimes committed on
the internet using computer as a tool and we
innocents are the target and intended to harm
someone’s reputation, physical harm, or mentally
harm. It involves and uses computer devices and
Internet that can be committed against an
individual or a group. It can also be committed
against government and private organizations.It
surrounds any criminal act done with the help of
computer or any electronic device with the help of
Internet is Cyber Crime. It includes anything from
downloading illegal music files, clicking on
random links on social sites or purchasing sites,
stealing millions of dollars from online bank
accounts (Yassir & Nayak 2012). Cybercrime also
includes non-monetary offenses, such as creating
emails, messages or sending some files so when u
click on it the virus start its work of damaging all
the files present in computer and stealing all your
data and also posting confidential business
information on the Internet. It also covers the
traditional crimes in which computers or networks
are used to enable the illicit activity.
Table 1: Cyber Crime History (Schjolberg 2017)
Year Crime History
John Draper, a phone phreak, found that
a whistle given as a prize in boxes of
Cap’n Crunch Cereal produced the same
tones as telephone switching computers
of the time. Phone “phreak is a term
1971 used to define computer programmers
obsessed with phone networks, the basis
of modern day computer networking.
The instances of wire fraud rose
significantly.
A teller at a local New York bank used a
1973 computer to steal over $2 million
dollars.
The movie War Games is released and
1983 brings hacking to the mainstream. The
movie reveals a teenage boy who hacks
into a government computer system
through a back door.
1986 Congress passes the Computer Fraud
and Abuse Act, making hacking and
theft illegal.
1989 The first large-scale case of ransom
ware is reported. The virus caused as a
quiz on the AIDS virus and, after
downloading, held computer data losses
for $500. Another group is arrested
stealing US government data and selling
it to the KGB.
1993 Kevin Poulson is caught and convicted
for hacking into the phone systems. He
took control of all phone lines going
into an LA radio station in order to
guarantee winning a call-in contest. At
one point he was featured on America’s
Most Wanted, when the phone lines for
that show went mysteriously silent.

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International Journal of Innovative Knowledge Concepts, 6(6) June, 2018
 ISSN :2454-2415 Vol. 6, Issue 6, 2018June, 2018DOI 11.25835/IJIK-71www.doie.org
When the FBI began their search he
went on the run but was eventually
caught. He was given to 5 years
penitentiary. He was the first to have a
ban on Internet use included in his
sentence.
The World Wide Web is launched,
1994 which allowed hackers to shift their
product info from the old bulletin board
systems to their own websites. A student
in the UK uses the information to hack
into Korea’s nuclear program & US
agencies using only a Commodore
Amiga personal computer.
CIA Director John Deutsch informed
1996 that crime rings were actively trying to
hack US government and corporate
networks. The US GAO announced files
had been attacked at least 6,50,000
times.
Cybercrime can be categorized into following:
E-mail bombing: A human sends a numbers of
emails to the inbox of the target system. Mail
bombs will fill the allotted space on an e-mail
server of the users e-mail & may result in crashing
the e-mail server.
Hacking: This is the most dangerous thread to the
e-commerce & internet. Hacking means breaking
of the computer system and steals valuable data
from the system without any permission. Hacking
is done by hackers. Hackers are in b/w client and
server & spoof the data.
Spreading computer virus: It is a set of
instruction which is able to perform some
malicious operations. Viruses stop the normal
function of the system programes & also to the
computer system. It may also crush your system
and make it unusable. Viruses can be spread
through - Emails, CDs, Pendrives (secondary
storage), Multimedia, Internet.
Phishing: Phishing simply refers to steal
information like passwords, credit card details,
usernames etc. over the internet. Phishing is
typically carried out by email spoofing and instant
messaging. In this hackers make a direct link which
directs to the fake website which looks and feel like
identical to the original one.
Identity theft: It means to cheat others by make
their wrong identity of others. It consider thieving
money or getting other benefits by pretending to
someone else.
Internet fraud: Internet fraud can occur in chat
rooms, email, message boards or on websites. In
internet fraud criminal can send fake information to
the person for cases like online purchasing, real
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estate, pay BAL, Work-at-home donation
processing etc.
Malicious Software: These are Internet-based
progammes or software used to disrupt a network.
It is utilized to gain access to a system to thieve
sensitive information or damaging to software
present in the system.
Cyber warfare: It is Internet-based conflict
involving politically motivated attacks on
information systems. Cyber warfare attacks may
disable official websites and networks, disrupt or
disable essential services, thief or change data, etc.
among many other possibilities.
Domain hijacking: It is the act of changing the
registration of a without permission of its original”
registrant.
SMS Spoofing: SMS Spoofing allows changing
the name or number text messages appear to come
from.
CYBER CRIMES IN INDIA
First Cybercrime: With the introduction of an
Internet service provider policy (ISP) in 1998, the
monopoly of VSNL on Internet came to an end.
Satyam Infoway (Sify) was the purpose ISP which
started functioning in India.
It will be of historical importance to mention that
the first incidence of Data being hacked by the
teenagers from the Bhabha atomic research Centre
(BARK) took place in 1998, which was perhaps the
first recorded Internet crime in India.
SIM Swap Fraud: In August 2018, two men from
Navi Mumbai were arrested for cybercrime, due to
illegal transfers money from bank accounts of
numerous individuals by getting their SIM card
information.
Cyberattack on Cosmos Bank: In August 2018,
CosmosBank’s of pune siphoned off nearly 94
Crores rupees. Hackers wiped out money and
transferred it to a Hong Kong situated bank by
hacking the server of Cosmos Bank.
ATM system hacked in Kolkata: In July 2018
fraudsters hacked into Canara bank ATM servers
and wiped off almost 20 lakh rupees from different
bank accounts. Cyber security is opposite of that. It
is the combination of practices, processes &
technologies designed to protect networks,
computers, data and information from attack,
damage or unauthorized access.
CYBER CASE
In late 1988, Robert Morris wrote a program
designed to propagate across networks, infiltrate
Unix terminals using a known bug, and then copy
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itself. The Morris worm told so that the early
internet slowed causing untold damage.
The worm had effects that lasted beyond an
internet slowdown. Robert Morris was the first
person successfully charged under the Computer
Fraud and Abuse Act. Due to this act “Computer
Emergency Response Team” was formed. This
functions as a non-profit research centre for issues
that could affect the internet as a whole.
The viruses started after Moris worm found to be
deadlier infecting more systems.
The Morris worm also brought with it one last
irony. The worm took advantage of the send-mail
function in Unix. This was related to the email
function originally formed by Ray Tomlinson.
It’s hard to forget the WannaCry, “the biggest
ransomware offensive in history.” Within 24 hours,
WannaCry had infected more than 230,000
computers in over 150 countries.
NEED OF CYBER SECURITY
Cyber security is needed because government,
corporate, financial, and medical organizations
stores abundant amounts of data on computers and
other devices. A remarkable portion of that data
may be crucial information, it might be intellectual
property, accounting data, personal information, or
other informatio for which unauthorized access
could have negative results as the volume and
sophistication of cyber-attacks grow, companies
and organizations that areas regarding information
related to national health, security required to take
steps to protect their business and personal
information.
STATUS OF CYBER SECURITY IN INDIA
Regulators are used for playing catch-up, and they
are doing too little, too late.
The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) and Insurance
Regulatory Development Authority of India
(IRDAI) had released guidelines on Information
and Cyber Security in the last few years. However,
as cyber-attacks become more sophisticated, these
norms having limitation to establish controls of
crisis more than five years ago. Hyper adoption is
putting consumers at risk before regulators can
react. Consumers are using sophisticated
technologies which are much too advanced for the
current controls in place.
Companies are extracting value from data but are
neglecting risks associated with doing so. Most of
the companies do not have an Information Security
Management System.
Employees working at companies are not aware
about information security awareness, and many
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think it is not necessary. It is no wonder; about
45% of attacks are due to employee carelessness.
Hyper adoption is putting consumers at risk before
regulators can react. Consumers are using
sophisticated technologies which are much too
advanced for the current controls in place.
Employees working at companies are not aware
about information security awareness, and many
think it is not necessary. It is no wonder, about
45% of attacks are due to employee carelessness.
STRATEGIES FOR PREVENTION
By updating the computers regularly, you block
attackers making to take advantage of software
flaws(vulnerabilities)that they could otherwise use
to break into your system. Selecting password that
cannot be easily guessed is first step toward
keeping your information secured.
Keep your password in safe place and try not to use
the same password for online services. The
password needs to change on regular basis, at least
every 90 days. Protect your computer with security
software. Protect your personal information by
keep an eye out for phony email messages, don't
respond to email message that ask you for personal
information (Kumbhar & Gavekar 2017). Pay
attention to privacy policies on web sites and in
software. Guard your email address. Review bank
and credit card statements regularly everyone is
talking about AI and machine learning, and it can
be hard to establish the practical applications
around the buzz.
However, machine learning & AI are the leading
technology in security. Endpoint security
technologies use machine learning to confirm that
applications are running securely. Vendors are also
merging artificial intelligence and machine learning
into security products to identify patterns of
performance that are general, as opposed to
threatening.
CYBER SECURITY TECHNIQUES
Access control and password security: The concept
of password & user name is the main way of
protecting our information. This may be one of the
first measures regarding cyber security.
Authentication of data: The documents that we
want should be checked before downloading and a
reliable source and that they are not altered.
Authenticating of these documents is normally
done by the antivirus software present in the
devices. Thus good antivirus software is also
essential to protect the devices from viruses.
Malware scanners: This is software that usually
scans all the files and documents present in the
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system for malicious code or harmful viruses.
Viruses, worms, and Trojan horses are malfunction
software, generally grouped together and referred
to as malware.
Firewalls: It is a software programe of hardware
helping screen out viruses, hackers, and worms that
try to access your computer over the Internet. All
messages entering or leaving the internet pass
through the firewall present, that check each
message and blocks those not meet security
criteria. Hence firewalls play an important role in
detecting the malware.
Anti-virus software: It is a computer programe
which detects, prevents, and takes action remove
malicious software programes. Most antivirus
includes an auto-update characteristic enabling the
programe to download profiles of new viruses.
Antivirus software is a must and basic necessity for
every system.
CYBER LAW
IT Act, 2000 came into existence on 17/10/2000.
The main aim of the Act is “to provide recognition
to electronic commerce and to authorize filing of
electronic records with the government”.
IT Act AMENDMENT-2008 provides additional
focus on information security added new (Singh
2017) sections on offences including Cyber
Terrorism and Data Protection.
CYBER ETHICS
Cyber ethics are nothing but the code of the
internet. When we practice these cyber ethic there
are good chances of us using the internet in a
proper and safer way. The below are a few of them:
1. Do use the Internet to communicate and interact
with other people. Instant messaging and E-
mail make it easy to remain in contact with
each other’s (Namayandeh & Taherdoost).
2. Don’t be a bully on the Internet.
3. Do not hurt person by lying, sending
embarrassing pictures.
4. Internet is considered as world’s largest library
with information on any topic in any subject
area, so its necessary to use information legally
and in correct manner.
5. Do not operate others accounts.
6. Do not send malware of other’s systems for
making corrupt.
7. Never share your information to anyone so you
would end up in a trouble.
8. When you’re online never pretend to the other
person, and don’t create false accounts on
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someone.
9. Always download games or videos only if they
are permissible.
The above are a few cyber ethics one must follow
while using the internet. We are always thought
proper rules from out very early stages the same
here we apply in cyber space.
OTHER INFORMATION
In India, at least one cyber-attack was reported
every 10 minutes in the first six months of 2017.
As per the “Indian Computer Emergency Response
Team”, a total of 27,482 cases of cybercrimes have
been reported throughout the world in 2017.. These
include phishing, site intrusion, virus, and ransom
ware. The cyber experts told Times of India that
with the programs such as Digital India in place,
more Indians are surfing the Internet and hence, it
is crucial to put critical infrastructure in place to
predict and prevent cybercrimes. A total of 1.71 lac
cybercrimes were reported in India in the past
three-and-a-half years.
In the last three years, Ransom ware attacks have
increased. The attacker threatens to publish the data
of peoples online till a certain amount is paid.
The attackers demand ransom in bit coins (a digital
currency), a secure way for accepting this type of
payment.
CONCLUSION
In present scenario there is a sudden rise in E-
business & E-marketing and other endeavors
relevant to electronic-commerce and E-governance.
Our daily life routine activities are also getting
more dependent on internet, beside that we also
getting more susceptible to get caught in any
mishap through cyber connectivity. Government
and private companies are still finding out the ways
to resolve both cybercrime in cyberspace and
accounting responsibility. The cyberspace stands
fourth in common space and it is important for all
of us to have co-ordination and cooperation among
all countries of the world for security of
cyberspace. As there is a big rise in need of
cyberspace, its exploitation is increasing on a very
rapid pace. Now-a-days, cyber security is
becoming very important and crucial area for lager
number of terrorist attack on important and critical
information centre. Present laws are not efficient
enough for preventing the cyber threats and there is
a great urge for rectification of these laws and
needs to be check timely and modify according to
the betterment of Indian Society. International
cooperation is the need of hour to crack down an
efficient law to handle cybercrime which is not
 ISSN :2454-2415 Vol. 6, Issue 6, 2018June, 2018DOI 11.25835/IJIK-71www.doie.org

confined to boundaries of states and thus an

universal collaboration of states is required to plan
together in order to reduce the rapidly increasing
cybercrime & cyber risk to the least level.

REFERENCES
Yassir, A., & Nayak, S. (2012). Cybercrime: A Threat To Network Security. International Journal of Computer
Science And Network Security Review, 12.
Schjolberg, S. (2017). The History of Cybercrime. Cybercrime Research Institute Review, 12.
Kumbhar, M., & Gavekar, V. (2017). A Study of Cybercrime Awareness For Prevention and Its Impact.
International Journal of Recent Trends in Engineering & Research Review, 03. 241-242.
Singh, A. (2017). Studies Report on Cyber Law in India & Cybercrime Security. International Journal of
Innovative Research in Computer and Communication Engineering Review, 05.
Namayandeh, M., & Taherdoost, H. Review Paper on Computer Ethics and Related Research Models.

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