8/26/2017 Diesel Engine Lucas CAV Fuel Pump | Diesel Engine Troubleshooting

Diesel Engine Troubleshooting

Diesel Engine Lucas CAV Fuel Pump
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Figure 5-7 illustrates a CAV system for medium trucks. The engine-driven feed pump moves fuel from the tank to the filter and regulating valve. Fuel
then passes to the transfer pump and, from there, to the inlet side of the distributor pump for pressurization and injection. As explained below, the
regulating valve throttles the injection pump during low-speed operation. Surplus fuel returns to the tank through low-pressure lines.

A pair of cam-driven plungers, mounted on the pump rotor and turning with it, generate injector pressure (Fig. 5-8). During the inlet stroke the
plungers move outward under pressure from fuel entering through the inlet (or metering) port. As the rotor continues to turn, the inlet port is blanked
off by the rotor body and one of the outlet ports is uncovered.

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As the outlet port is uncovered, the internal cam, acting through rollers, forces the plungers together. Fuel passes through the port for injection. Fuel
that slips by the plungers returns to the filter.

The amount of fuel delivered per plunger stroke is determined by the regulating valve (upper right in Fig. 5-7) that is controlled by the accelerator
pedal and the centrifugal governor. At low engine speeds, the regulating valve limits the pressure of fuel going to the transfer pump and into the
injection pump. Because the pump plungers are driven apart by incoming fuel, their outward displacement is determined by transfer-pump pressure.
As engine speed and/or load increase, the regulating valve increases fuel pressure to force the pump plungers further apart. Unlike Bosch inline
pumps, which throttle by varying the effective stroke, the Lucas/CAV unit varies the actual stroke.

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Written by Ed

February 11th, 2011 at 12:57 am

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Posted in Fuel Systems

Tagged with Fuel Pump, Lucas CAV

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