Adobe Photoshop

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"Photoshop" redirects here. For other uses, see Photoshop (disambiguation).
"Adobe Ps" redirects here. For the vector graphics language, see Adobe PostScript.

Adobe Photoshop

Adobe Photoshop CC 2018 (19.0) running on Windows

Thomas Knoll
Original author(s)
John Knoll

Developer(s) Adobe Inc.

Initial release February 19, 1990; 29 years ago

CC 2019 (20.0.4.26077) (March 6, 2019; 18

Stable release
days ago) [±][1]
 Windows 10 version 1709 Fall Creators
Operating system and above and macOS 10.12 Sierra and
later[2]

Platform X64

Available in 26 languages[3]

List of languages

English (United States), English (United Kingdom), Arabic,

Chinese Simplified, Chinese Traditional, Czech, Danish, Dutch,
Finnish, French, German, Hebrew, Hungarian, Italian, Japanese,
Korean, Norwegian, Polish, Portuguese, Russian, Spanish,
Swedish, Romanian, Turkish and Ukrainian

Type Raster graphics editor

License Trialware, SaaS

Website www.adobe.com/products/photoshop.html

Adobe Photoshop is a raster graphics editor developed and published by Adobe Inc. for macOS
and Windows. It was originally created in 1988 by Thomas and John Knoll. Since then, this
software has become the de facto industry standard not only in raster graphics editing, but to
digital art as a whole; it even went to the point that the software's name itself has become a
generic trademark, leading to its usage as a verb (e.g. "to photoshop an image", "photoshopping",
and "photoshop contest") although Adobe discourages such use.[4] Photoshop can edit and
compose raster images in multiple layers and supports masks, alpha compositing, and several
color models including RGB, CMYK, CIELAB, spot color, and duotone. Photoshop uses its own
PSD and PSB file formats to support these features. In addition to raster graphics, this software
has limited abilities to edit or render text and vector graphics (especially through clipping path
for the latter), as well as 3D graphics and video. Its feature set can be expanded by plug-ins;
programs developed and distributed independently of Photoshop that run inside it and offer new
or enhanced features.

Photoshop's naming scheme was initially based on version numbers. However, in October 2002
(following the introduction of Creative Suite branding), each new version of Photoshop was
designated with "CS" plus a number; e.g., the eighth major version of Photoshop was Photoshop
CS and the ninth was Photoshop CS2. Photoshop CS3 through CS6 were also distributed in two
different editions: Standard and Extended. With the introduction of the Creative Cloud branding
in June 2013 (and in turn, the change of the "CS" suffix to "CC"), Photoshop's licensing scheme
was changed to that of software as a service rental model. Historically, Photoshop was bundled
with additional software such as Adobe ImageReady, Adobe Fireworks, Adobe Bridge, Adobe
Device Central and Adobe Camera RAW.

Alongside Photoshop, Adobe also develops and publishes Photoshop Elements, Photoshop
Lightroom, Photoshop Express, Photoshop Fix, Photoshop Sketch and Photoshop Mix. Adobe
also plans to launch a full-version of Photoshop for the iPad in 2019.[5] Collectively, they are
branded as "The Adobe Photoshop Family".

Contents
 1 Early history
 2 File format
 3 Plugins
 4 Photoshop tools
o 4.1 Pen tool
o 4.2 Clone Stamp Tool
o 4.3 Shape tools
o 4.4 Measuring and navigation
o 4.5 Selection tools
 4.5.1 Cropping
 4.5.2 Slicing
 4.5.3 Moving
 4.5.4 Marquee
 4.5.5 Lasso
 4.5.6 Magic wand
 4.5.7 Eraser
o 4.6 Video editing
o 4.7 3D extrusion
o 4.8 Mobile integration
o 4.9 Camera Raw
o 4.10 3D printing tools
o 4.11 Color replacement tool
 5 Cultural impact
 6 Version history
o 6.1 Older versions
o 6.2 CS
o 6.3 CS2
o 6.4 CS3
o 6.5 CS4
o 6.6 CS5
o 6.7 CS6
 o 6.8 CC
o 6.9 CC 2014
o 6.10 CC 2015
o 6.11 CC 2017
o 6.12 CC 2018
o 6.13 CC 2019
o 6.14 Photoshop Mix
 7 See also
 8 References
 9 Further reading
 10 External links

Early history[edit]
Photoshop was developed in 1987 by brothers Thomas and John Knoll, who sold the distribution
license to Adobe Systems Incorporated in 1988. Thomas Knoll, a Ph.D. student at the University
of Michigan, began writing a program on his Macintosh Plus to display grayscale images on a
monochrome display. This program (at that time called Display) caught the attention of his
brother John, an Industrial Light & Magic employee, who recommended that Thomas turn it into
a full-fledged image editing program. Thomas took a six-month break from his studies in 1988 to
collaborate with his brother on the program. Thomas renamed the program ImagePro, but the
name was already taken.[6] Later that year, Thomas renamed his program Photoshop and worked
out a short-term deal with scanner manufacturer Barneyscan to distribute copies of the program
with a slide scanner; a "total of about 200 copies of Photoshop were shipped" this way.[7][8]

During this time, John traveled to Silicon Valley and gave a demonstration of the program to
engineers at Apple and Russell Brown, art director at Adobe. Both showings were successful,
and Adobe decided to purchase the license to distribute in September 1988.[6] While John worked
on plug-ins in California, Thomas remained in Ann Arbor writing code. Photoshop 1.0 was
released on February 19, 1990 for Macintosh exclusively.[9][10] The Barneyscan version included
advanced color editing features that were stripped from the first Adobe shipped version. The
handling of color slowly improved with each release from Adobe and Photoshop quickly became
the industry standard in digital color editing. At the time Photoshop 1.0 was released, digital
retouching on dedicated high-end systems (such as the Scitex) cost around $300 an hour for
basic photo retouching.

File format[edit]

Photoshop document

Filename .psd
extension
 Internet image/vnd.adobe.photoshop
media type

Type code 8BPS

Open no
format?

Website www.adobe.com/devnet-
apps/photoshop/fileformatashtml/

Photoshop files have default file extension as .PSD, which stands for "Photoshop Document." A
PSD file stores an image with support for most imaging options available in Photoshop. These
include layers with masks, transparency, text, alpha channels and spot colors, clipping paths, and
duotone settings. This is in contrast to many other file formats (e.g., .JPG or .GIF) that restrict
content to provide streamlined, predictable functionality. A PSD file has a maximum height and
width of 30,000 pixels, and a length limit of two gigabytes.

Photoshop files sometimes have the file extension .PSB, which stands for "Photoshop Big" (also
known as "large document format"). A PSB file extends the PSD file format, increasing the
maximum height and width to 300,000 pixels and the length limit to around 4 Exabytes. The
dimension limit was apparently chosen arbitrarily by Adobe, not based on computer arithmetic
constraints (it is not close to a power of two, as is 30,000) but for ease of software testing. PSD
and PSB formats are documented.[11]

Because of Photoshop's popularity, PSD files are widely used and supported to some extent by
most competing software. The .PSD file format can be exported to and from Adobe's other apps
like Adobe Illustrator, Adobe Premiere Pro, and After Effects.

Plugins[edit]
Main article: Photoshop plugin

Photoshop functionality can be extended by add-on programs called Photoshop plugins (or plug-
ins). Adobe creates some plugins, such as Adobe Camera Raw, but third-party companies
develop most plugins, according to Adobe's specifications. Some are free and some are
commercial software. Most plugins work with only Photoshop or Photoshop-compatible hosts,
but a few can also be run as standalone applications.

There are various types of plugins, such as filter, export, import, selection, color correction, and
automation. The most popular plugins are the filter plugins (also known as a 8bf plugins),
available under the Filter menu in Photoshop. Filter plugins can either modify the current image
or create content. Below are some popular types of plugins, and some well-known companies
associated with them:

 Color correction plugins (Alien Skin Software,[12] Nik Software,[13] OnOne Software,[14]
Topaz Labs Software,[15] The Plugin Site,[16] etc.)
 Special effects plugins (Alien Skin Software, Auto FX Software,[17] AV Bros.,[18] Flaming
Pear Software,[19] etc.)
 3D effects plugins (Andromeda Software,[20] Strata,[21] etc.)

Adobe Camera Raw (also known as ACR and Camera Raw) is a special plugin, supplied free by
Adobe, used primarily to read and process raw image files so that the resultant images can be
processed by Photoshop.[22] It can also be used from within Adobe Bridge.

Photoshop tools[edit]
This section may need to be rewritten entirely to comply with Wikipedia's quality
standards. You can help. The discussion page may contain suggestions. (July 2012)

Upon loading Photoshop, a sidebar with a variety of tools with multiple image-editing functions
appears to the left of the screen. These tools typically fall under the categories of drawing;
painting; measuring and navigation; selection; typing; and retouching.[23] Some tools contain
a small triangle in the bottom right of the toolbox icon. These can be expanded to reveal similar
tools.[24] While newer versions of Photoshop are updated to include new tools and features,
several recurring tools that exist in most versions are discussed below.

Pen tool[edit]

Photoshop includes a few versions of the pen tool. The pen tool creates precise paths that can be
manipulated using anchor points. The free form pen tool allows the user to draw paths freehand,
and with the magnetic pen tool, the drawn path attaches closely to outlines of objects in an
image, which is useful for isolating them from a background.

Clone Stamp Tool[edit]

The Clone Stamp tool duplicates one part of an image to another part of the same image by way
of a brush. The duplication is either in full or in part depending on the mode. The user can also
clone part of one layer to another layer. The Clone Stamp tool is useful for duplicating objects or
removing a defect in an image.[25]

Shape tools[edit]

Photoshop provides an array of shape tools including rectangles, rounded rectangles, ellipses,
polygons and lines. These shapes can be manipulated by the pen tool, direct selection tool etc. to
make vector graphics. In addition, Photoshop provides its own shapes like animals, signs and
plants.
Measuring and navigation[edit]

The eyedropper tool selects a color from an area of the image that is clicked, and samples it for
future use.[23] The hand tool navigates an image by moving it in any direction, and the zoom tool
enlarges the part of an image that is clicked on, allowing for a closer view.[23]

Selection tools[edit]

Selection tools are used to select all or any part of a picture to perform cut, copy, edit, or
retouching operations.

Cropping[edit]

The crop tool can be used to select a particular area of an image and discard the portions outside
the chosen section. This tool assists in creating a focus point on an image and unnecessary or
excess space.[26] Cropping allows enhancement of a photo's composition while decreasing the file
size. The "crop" tool is in the tools palette, which is located on the right side of the document. By
placing the cursor over the image, the user can drag the cursor to the desired area. Once the Enter
key is pressed, the area outside the rectangle will be cropped. The area outside the rectangle is
the discarded data, which allows for the file size to be decreased.[27] The "crop" tool can
alternatively be used to extend the canvas size by clicking and dragging outside the existing
image borders.

Slicing[edit]

The "slice" and slice select tools, like the crop tool, are used in isolating parts of images. The
slice tool can be used to divide an image into different sections, and these separate parts can be
used as pieces of a web page design once HTML and CSS are applied.[28] The slice select tool
allows sliced sections of an image to be adjusted and shifted.

Moving[edit]

The move tool can be used to drag the entirety of a single layer or more if they are selected.
Alternatively, once an area of an image is highlighted, the move tool can be used to manually
relocate the selected piece to anywhere on the canvas.[23]

Marquee[edit]

The marquee is a tool that can make selections that are single row, single column, rectangular
and elliptical.[23] An area that has been selected can be edited without affecting the rest of the
image. This tool can also crop an image; it allows for better control. In contrast to the crop tool,
the "marquee" tool allows for more adjustments to the selected area before cropping. The only
marquee tool that does not allow cropping is the elliptical. Although the single row and column
marquee tools allow for cropping, they are not ideal, because they only crop a line. The
rectangular marquee tool is the preferred option. Once the tool has been selected, dragging the
tool across the desired area will select it. The selected area will be outlined by dotted lines,
referred to as "marching ants". To set a specific size or ratio, the tool option bar provides these
settings. Before selecting an area, the desired size or ratio must be set by adjusting the width and
height. Any changes such as color, filters, location, etc. should be made before cropping. To crop
the selection, the user must go to image tab and select crop.[29]

Lasso[edit]

The lasso tool is similar to the "marquee" tool, however, the user can make a custom selection by
drawing it freehand.[23] There are three options for the "lasso" tool – regular, polygonal, and
magnetic. The regular "lasso" tool allows the user to have drawing capabilities. Photoshop will
complete the selection once the mouse button is released. The user may also complete the
selection by connecting the end point to the starting point. The "marching ants" will indicate if a
selection has been made. The "polygonal lasso" tool will draw only straight lines, which makes it
an ideal choice for images with many straight lines. Unlike the regular "lasso" tool, the user must
continually click around the image to outline the shape. To complete the selection, the user must
connect the end point to the starting point just like the regular lasso tool. "Magnetic lasso" tool is
considered the smart tool. It can do the same as the other two, but it can also detect the edges of
an image once the user selects a starting point. It detects by examining the color pixels as the
cursor move over the desired area. Closing the selection is the same as the other two, which
should also should display the "marching ants" once the selection has been closed.[30]

The quick selection tool selects areas based on edges, similarly to the magnetic lasso tool. The
difference between this tool and the lasso tool is that there is no starting and ending point. For
this reason, the selected area can be added onto as much as possible without starting over. By
dragging the cursor over the desired area, the quick selection tool detects the edges of the image.
The "marching ants" allow the user to know what is currently being selected. Once the user is
done, the selected area can be edited without affecting the rest of the image. One of the features
that makes this tool especially user friendly is that the SHIFT key is not needed to add more to
the selection; by default, extra mouse clicks will be added to the selection rather than creating a
new selection.[31]

Magic wand[edit]

The magic wand tool selects areas based on pixels of similar values. One click will select all
neighboring pixels of similar value within a tolerance level set by the user. If the eyedropper tool
is selected in the options bar, then the magic wand can determine the value needed to evaluate
the pixels; this is based on the sample size setting in the eyedropper tool. This tool is inferior to
the quick selection tool which works much the same but with much better results and more
intuitive controls. The user must decide what settings to use or if the image is right for this
tool.[32]

Eraser[edit]

The Eraser tool erases content based on the active layer. If the user is on the text layer, then any
text across which the tool is dragged will be erased. The eraser will convert the pixels to
transparent, unless the background layer is selected. The size and style of the eraser can be
selected in the options bar. This tool is unique in that it can take the form of the paintbrush and
pencil tools. In addition to the straight eraser tool, there are two more available options –
background eraser and magic eraser. The background eraser deletes any part of the image that is
on the edge of an object. This tool is often used to extract objects from the background. The
magic eraser tool deletes based on similar colored pixels. It is very similar to the magic wand
tool. This tool is ideal for deleting areas with the same color or tone that contrasts with the rest of
the image.[33]

Video editing[edit]

In Adobe CS5 Extended edition, video editing is comprehensive and efficient with a broad
compatibility of video file formats such as MOV, AVI and MPEG-4 formats and easy workflow.
Using simple combinations of keys video layers can easily be modified, with other features such
as adding text and creating animations using single images.[34]

3D extrusion[edit]

With the Extended version of Photoshop CS5, 2D elements of an artwork can easily become
three-dimensional with the click of a button. Extrusions of texts, an available library of materials
for three-dimensional, and even wrapping two-dimensional images around 3D geometry.[34]

Mobile integration[edit]

Third-party plugins have also been added to the most recent version of Photoshop where
technologies such as the iPad have integrated the software with different types of applications.
Applications like the Adobe Eazel painting app allows the user to easily create paintings with
their fingertips and use an array of different paint from dry to wet in order to create rich color
blending.[35] In October 2018, it was announced that the full Photoshop engine will be released
for iPad next year. The program will feature cloud syncing with other devices and a simpler
interface than the desktop version.[36]

Camera Raw[edit]

With the Camera Raw plug-in, raw images can be processed without the use of Adobe Photoshop
Lightroom, along with other image file formats such as JPEG, TIFF, or PNG. The plug-in allows
users to remove noise without the side-effect of over-sharpening, add grain, and even perform
post-crop vignetting.[34]

3D printing tools[edit]

From version 14.1, users can create and edit designs for 3D printing. Artists can add color, adjust
the shape or rotate the angles of imported models, or design original 3D models from scratch.[37]

Color replacement tool[edit]

The Color Replacement Tool allows the user to change the color, while maintaining the
highlights and shadows of the original image, of pieces of the image. By selecting Brushs and
right clicking, the Color Replacement Tool is the third option down. What is important to note
with this tool is the foreground color. The foreground color is what will be applied when painting
along the chosen part of the image with the Color Replacement tool.

Cultural impact[edit]
Further information: Photo manipulation § Photoshopped

Photoshop and derivatives such as Photoshopped (or just Shopped) have become verbs that are
sometimes used to refer to images edited by Photoshop,[38] or any image manipulating program.
Such derivatives are discouraged by Adobe[4] because, in order to maintain validity and protect
the trademark from becoming generic, trademarks must be used as proper nouns.

A landscape photo composited and manipulated in Photoshop

A self-portrait photo merge, created using Photoshop

Version history[edit]
Main article: Adobe Photoshop version history

Older versions[edit]

This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (February 2013)

Photoshop's naming scheme was initially based on version numbers. Adobe published thirteen
versions (major and minor changes) before the October 2003 introduction of Creative Suite
branding. In February 2013 Adobe donated the source code of the 1990 1.0.1 version of
Photoshop to the Computer History Museum.[39][40]
CS[edit]

The first Photoshop CS was commercially released in October 2003 as the eighth major version
of Photoshop. Photoshop CS increased user control with a reworked file browser augmenting
search versatility, sorting and sharing capabilities and the Histogram Palette which monitors
changes in the image as they are made to the document. Match Color was also introduced in CS,
which reads color data to achieve a uniform expression throughout a series of pictures.[41]

CS2[edit]

Photoshop CS2, released in May 2005, expanded on its predecessor with a new set of tools and
features. It included an upgraded Spot Healing Brush, which is mainly used for handling
common photographic problems such as blemishes, red-eye, noise, blurring and lens distortion.
One of the most significant inclusions in CS2 was the implementation of Smart Objects, which
allows users to scale and transform images and vector illustrations without losing image quality,
as well as create linked duplicates of embedded graphics so that a single edit updates across
multiple iterations.[42]

Adobe responded to feedback from the professional media industry by implementing non-
destructive editing as well as the producing and modifying of 32-Bit High Dynamic Range
(HDR) images, which are optimal for 3D rendering and advanced compositing. FireWire
Previews could also be viewed on a monitor via a direct export feature.[42]

Photoshop CS2 brought the Vanishing Point and Image Warping tools.[42] Vanishing Point makes
tedious graphic and photo retouching endeavors much simpler by letting users clone, paint and
transform image objects while maintaining visual perspective. Image Warping makes it easy to
digitally distort an image into a shape by choosing on-demand presets or by dragging control
points.[42]

The File Browser was upgraded to Adobe Bridge, which functioned as a hub for productivity,
imagery and creativity, providing multi-view file browsing and smooth cross-product integration
across Adobe Creative Suite 2 software.[42] Adobe Bridge also provided access to Adobe Stock
Photos, a new stock photography service that offered users one-stop shopping across five elite
stock image providers to deliver high-quality, royalty-free images for layout and design.

Camera Raw version 3.0 was a new addition in CS2, and it allowed settings for multiple raw
files to be modified simultaneously. In addition, processing multiple raw files to other formats
including JPEG, TIFF, DNG or PSD, could be done in the background without executing
Photoshop itself.[42]

Photoshop CS2 brought a streamlined interface, making it easier to access features for specific
instances. In CS2 users were also given the ability to create their own custom presets, which was
meant to save time and increase productivity.[42]
CS2 activation servers' shutdown: In January 2013, Adobe Photoshop CS2 (9.0), with some
other CS2 products, was released with an official serial number, due to the technical glitch in
Adobe's CS2 activation servers (see Creative Suite 1 and 2).

CS3[edit]

Smart Objects display filters without altering the original image (here on Mac OS X)

CS3 improves on features from previous versions of Photoshop and introduces new tools. One of
the most significant is the streamlined interface which allows increased performance, speed, and
efficiency. There is also improved support for Camera RAW files which allow users to process
images with higher speed and conversion quality. CS3 supports over 150 RAW formats as well
as JPEG, TIFF and PDF.[43] Enhancements were made to the Black and White Conversion,
Brightness and Contrast Adjustment and Vanishing Point Module tools. The Black and White
adjustment option improves control over manual grayscale conversions with a dialog box similar
to that of Channel Mixer. There is more control over print options and better management with
Adobe Bridge. The Clone Source palette is introduced, adding more options to the clone stamp
tool. Other features include the nondestructive Smart Filters, optimizing graphics for mobile
devices,[44] Fill Light and Dust Busting tools.[43] Compositing is assisted with Photoshop's new
Quick Selection and Refine Edge tools and improved image stitching technology.[45]

CS3 Extended includes everything in CS3 and additional features. There are tools for 3D graphic
file formats, video enhancement and animation, and comprehensive image measurement and
analysis tools with DICOM file support.[46] The 3D graphic formats allow 3D content to be
incorporated into 2D compositions. As for video editing, CS3 supports layers and video
formatting so users can edit video files per frame.[43]

CS3 and CS3 Extended were released in April 2007 to the United States and Canada. They were
also made available through Adobe's online store and Adobe Authorized Resellers. Both CS3
and CS3 Extended are offered as either a stand-alone application or feature of Adobe Creative
Suite. The price for CS3 is US$649 and the extended version is US$999. Both products are
compatible with Intel-based Macs and PowerPCs, supporting Windows XP and Windows
Vista.[43] CS3 is the first release of Photoshop that will run natively on Macs with Intel
processors: previous versions can only run through the translation layer Rosetta, and will not run
at all on Macs running Mac OS X 10.7 or later.
CS4[edit]

CS4 features smoother panning and zooming, allowing faster image editing at a high
magnification. The interface is more simplified with its tab-based interface[47] making it cleaner to
work with. Photoshop CS4 features a new 3D engine allowing the conversion of gradient maps
to 3D objects, adding depth to layers and text, and getting print-quality output with the new ray-
tracing rendering engine. It supports common 3D formats; the new Adjustment and Mask Panels;
Content-aware scaling (seam carving[48]); Fluid Canvas Rotation and File display options.[49] The
Content-aware scaling allows users to intelligently size and scale images, and the Canvas
Rotation tool makes it easier to rotate and edit images from any angle.[47]

Adobe released Photoshop CS4 Extended, which has the features of Adobe Photoshop CS4, plus
capabilities for scientific imaging, 3D, motion graphics, accurate image analysis and high-end
film and video users. The faster 3D engine allows users to paint directly on 3D models, wrap 2D
images around 3D shapes and animate 3D objects.[47] As the successor to Photoshop CS3,
Photoshop CS4 is the first x64 edition of Photoshop on consumer computers for Windows.[50] The
color correction tool has also been improved significantly.[47]

CS4 and CS4 Extended were released on October 15, 2008. They were also made available
through Adobe's online store and Adobe Authorized Resellers. Both CS4 and CS4 Extended are
offered as either a stand-alone application or feature of Adobe Creative Suite. The price for CS4
is US$699 and the extended version is US$999. Both products are compatible with Intel-based
Mac OS X and PowerPCs, supporting Windows XP and Windows Vista.[47]

CS5[edit]

A 2D landscape designed in Adobe Photoshop CS5 Extended

Photoshop CS5 was launched on April 12, 2010.[51] In a video posted on its official Facebook
page, the development team revealed the new technologies under development, including three-
dimensional brushes and warping tools.[52]

In May 2011, Adobe Creative Suite 5.5 (CS5.5) was released, with new versions of some of the
applications. Its version of Photoshop, 12.1, is identical to the concurrently released update for
Photoshop CS5, version 12.0.4, except for support for the new subscription pricing that was
introduced with CS5.5.[53]
CS5 introduces new tools such as the Content-Aware Fill, Refine Edge, Mixer Brush, Bristle
Tips and Puppet Warp. The community also had a hand in the additions made to CS5 as 30 new
features and improvements were included by request. These include automatic image
straightening, the Rule-of-Thirds cropping tool, color pickup, and saving a 16-bit image as a
JPEG. Another feature includes the Adobe Mini Bridge, which allows for efficient file browsing
and management.[54]

CS5 Extended includes everything in CS5 plus features in 3D and video editing. A new materials
library was added, providing more options such as Chrome, Glass, and Cork. The new Shadow
Catcher tool can be used to further enhance 3D objects. For motion graphics, the tools can be
applied to over more than one frame in a video sequence.[54]

CS5 and CS5 Extended were made available through Adobe's online store, Adobe Authorized
Resellers and Adobe direct sales. Both CS5 and CS5 Extended are offered as either a stand-alone
application or a feature of Adobe Creative Suite 5. The price for CS5 is US$699 and the
extended version is US$999.[54] Both products are compatible with Intel-based Mac OS X and
Windows XP, Windows Vista, and Windows 7.[55]

CS6[edit]

Photoshop CS6, released in May 2012, added new creative design tools and provided a
redesigned interface[56] with a focus on enhanced performance. New features have been added to
the Content-Aware tool such as the Content-Aware Patch and Content-Aware Move.[57]

Adobe Photoshop CS6 brought a suite of tools for video editing. Color and exposure
adjustments, as well as layers, are among a few things that are featured in this new editor. Upon
completion of editing, the user is presented with a handful of options of exporting into a few
popular formats.[58]

CS6 brings the "straighten" tool to Photoshop, where a user simply draws a line anywhere on an
image, and the canvas will reorient itself so that the line drawn becomes horizontal, and adjusts
the media accordingly. This was created with the intention that users will draw a line parallel to a
plane in the image, and reorient the image to that plane to more easily achieve certain
perspectives.[58]

CS6 allows background saving, which means that while another document is compiling and
archiving itself, it is possible to simultaneously edit an image. CS6 also features a customizable
auto-save feature, preventing any work from being lost.[58]

The price for CS6 is US$699 and the extended version is US$999. Students, however, even those
who are homeschooled, can receive a significant discount on Photoshop.[59]

With version 13.1.3, Adobe dropped support for Windows XP (including Windows XP
Professional x64 Edition); thus, the last version that works on Windows XP is 13.0.1. Adobe also
announced that CS6 will be the last suite sold with perpetual licenses in favor of the new
Creative Cloud subscriptions, though they will continue to provide OS compatibility support as
well as bug fixes and security updates as necessary.[60]

Starting January 09, 2017, CS6 is no longer available for purchase, making a Creative Cloud
license the only purchase option going forward.[61]

CC[edit]

Photoshop CC (14.0) was launched on June 18, 2013. As the next major version after CS6, it is
only available as part of a Creative Cloud subscription, the full version of which costs $49 every
month. Major features in this version include All-new Smart Sharpen, Intelligent Upsampling,
and Camera Shake Reduction for reducing blur caused by camera shake. Editable Rounded
Rectangles and an update to Adobe Camera Raw (8.0) were also included.[62]

Since the initial launch, Adobe has released two additional feature-bearing updates. The first,
version 14.1, was launched on September 9, 2013. The major features in this version were Adobe
Generator, a Node.js-based platform for creating plug-ins for Photoshop. Photoshop 14.1 shipped
with two plug-ins, one to automatically generate image assets based on an extension in the layer
name, and another to automatically generate assets for Adobe Edge Reflow.[63]

Version 14.2 was released on January 15, 2014. Major features include Perspective Warp,
Linked Smart Objects, and 3D Printing support.[64]

CC 2014[edit]

Photoshop CC 2014 (15.0) was released on June 18, 2014. CC 2014 features improvements to
content-aware tools, two new blur tools (spin blur and path blur) and a new focus mask feature
that enables the user to select parts of an image based on whether they are in focus or not. Other
minor improvements have been made, including speed increases for certain tasks.[65][66]

CC 2015[edit]

Photoshop CC 2015 was released on June 15, 2015. Adobe added various creative features
including Adobe Stock, which is a library of custom stock images. It also includes and have the
ability to have more than one layer style.[67] For example, in the older versions of Photoshop, only
one shadow could be used for a layer but in CC 2015, up to ten are available. Other minor
features like Export As, which is a form of the Save For Web in CC 2014 were also added. The
updated UI as of November 30, 2015 delivers a cleaner and more consistent look throughout
Photoshop, and the user can quickly perform common tasks using a new set of gestures on touch-
enabled devices like Microsoft Surface Pro.[68] CC 2015 also marks the 25th anniversary of
Photoshop.[69]

CC 2017[edit]

Photoshop CC 2017 was released on November 2, 2016. It introduced a new template selector
when creating new documents, the ability to search for tools, panels and help articles for
Photoshop, support for SVG OpenType fonts and other small improvements. In December 2016,
a minor update was released to include support for the MacBook Pro Touch Bar.

CC 2018[edit]

Photoshop CC 2018 was released on October 18, 2017. It featured an overhaul to the brush
organization system, allowing for more properties (such as color and opacity) to be saved per-
brush and for brushes to be categorized in folders and sub-folders. It also added brush stroke
smoothing, and over 1000 brushes created by Kyle T. Webster (following Adobe's acquisition of
his website, KyleBrush.com[70]). A Curvature Pen tool, similar to the one in Illustrator, was
added, allowing for faster creation of Bézier paths. Other additions were Lightroom Photo
access, Variable font support, select subject, copy-paste layers, enhanced tooltips, 360 panorama
and HEIF support, PNG compression, increased maximum zoom level, algorithm improvements
to Face-aware and selection tools, color and luminance range masking, improved image resizing,
and performance improvements to file opening, filters, and brush strokes.[71]

CC 2019[edit]

Beginning with Photoshop CC 2019 (version 20.0), the 32-bit version of Windows is no longer
supported. For support with 32-bit drivers and plug-ins, use earlier versions of Photoshop.

Photoshop Mix[edit]

This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (June 2012)

Photoshop Mix is an application designed as a replacement for Photoshop Touch specifically for
tablets and touchscreen devices. It includes many of the features of the personal computer
version, including layers, selection tools, adjustments, and filters. Edited files could be synced
with Adobe Creative Cloud. Photoshop Mix is available on iOS and Android. It has 2 siblings,
Photoshop Fix (a Photo Correction app), and Photoshop Sketch (a light drawing tool). All require
iOS 9.0 or later. Android versions could be installed on any Android handset (4.0 and up) and
tablets (3.1 and up).[72]

See also[edit]
 Creative Cloud controversy
 Comparison of raster graphics editors
 Image editing

References[edit]
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www.adobe.com. Adobe. Retrieved 19 January 2019.
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Further reading[edit]
 Lev Manovich (2011). "Inside Photoshop". Computational Culture (1). ISSN 2047-2390.
(asks: "How does media authoring software shape the media being created, making some
design choices seem natural and easy to execute, while hiding other design
possibilities?")
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