Introduction to the state of Madhya

Pradesh, its demographics and

recommendations to implement e-
government initiatives and benefits
associated from its implementation

E-GOVERNANCE: Submitted by:

Aanchal Shetty – 98
Aishwarya Kotwal – 45

MADHYA PRADESH Malvika Jhaveri - 31

Jayesh Manuja - 52

SEM II - MMM
Table of Content

 Introduction & Analysis of State

 Introduction E-governance , stage & types of e-governance
 Main Initiative of Government on digitisation
 Proposed e-governance initiative by state government
 What is mobile & Internet penetration
 Role of Internet in success of e-Governance initiatives

Madhya Pradesh State Profile

Madhya Pradesh is the second largest Indian state by area and the fifth largest state by population with
over 75 million residents. It borders the states of Uttar Pradesh to the northeast, Chhattisgarh to the
southeast, Maharashtra to the south, Gujarat to the west, and Rajasthan to the northwest. Its total area
is 308,252 km.

Population

The population of Madhya Pradesh is over 7 crore. More than 75% of the population resides in villages
whose main occupation is agriculture, while the rest of the population lives in towns. The majority
population is Hindu with Muslims making up the largest minority community. The tribes of Madhya
Pradesh constitute over 20% of the state's population and are mainly concentrated in southern
southwestern and eastern parts of the state. These include Baigas, Gond, Bhil and lesser known tribes
like Dhanuk, Panika and Saur. The social customs prevalent among different tribes and castes vary more
due to variation in their habitat and surrounding geographical conditions. For earnings they depend
upon agriculture, forest produce and local craft. According to the 2011 census, the adivasi population in
Madhya Pradesh was 73.34 million, constituting 21.1% of the total population. There were 46
recognised Scheduled Tribes and three of them have been identified as "Special Primitive Tribal Groups"
in the State. Due to the different linguistic, cultural and geographical environment, and its peculiar
complications, the diverse tribal world of Madhya Pradesh has been largely cut off from the mainstream
of development.

Languages

Hindi, the official language of Madhya Pradesh, is the most widely spoken and easily understood even in
remote corners of the state. For a large number of people in the major towns and cities and for the
business class English is the second language. It is widely spoken by those engaged in the hospitality and
service industry. One would see words of English and Hindi both used on signages, milestones, shops
and offices signboards. Malwi, Bundeli, Bagheli, Nimari are the commonly spoken regional dialects.
There are several dialects which are spoken.

Background

India is a nation of villages. The rural mass in the nation comprises the core of Indian society and also
represents the real India. According to the Census Data 2001, there are 638,387 villages in India that
represent more than 72 per cent of the total population.

So development of these rural mass is one of the key areas of consideration in the government policy
formulation. Rural Development which is concerned with economic growth and social justice,
improvement in the living standard of the rural people by providing adequate and quality social services
and minimum basic needs becomes essential. The present strategy of rural development mainly focuses
on poverty alleviation, better livelihood opportunities, provision of basic amenities and infrastructure
facilities through innovative programmes of wage and self-employment etc.

The government of India has started many programmes aimed at improving the standard of living in
villages or rural areas. To build rural infrastructure, the government launched a time-bound business
plan for action called Bharat Nirman in 2005. Under Bharat Nirman, action is proposed in the areas of
Water Supply, Housing, Telecommunication and Information Technology, Roads, Electrification and
Irrigation.

In view of the sheer size and diversity of our country, delivery of governance to the remote corners in a
meaningful and locally relevant manner is a huge challenge. The administrative setup has evolved by
incorporating our age old institutions with the modern democratic organs to meet this challenge.

Analysis of Rural Madhya Pradesh

Madhya Pradesh is primarily an agrarian economy with a high dependency on the agriculture related
activities in rural areas. Majority of the state (around 72 percent) population still lives in rural areas.
However, there has been a steady growth in urbanization, with the emergence of industrial clusters in
the districts of Indore, Bhopal, and Gwalior as destinations for intra state migration.

Description Rural Urban

Population (%) 72.37% 27.63%
Total Population 52,557,404 20,069,405
Male Population 27,149,388 10,462,918
Female Population 25,408,016 9,606,487
Population Growth 18.42 % 25.69 %
Sex Ratio 936 918
Literates 28,281,986 14,569,183
Average Literacy 63.94 % 82.85 %
Male Literacy 74.74 % 88.67 %
Female Literacy 48.49 % 69.46 %

Introduction of Electronic Governance:

Introduction

The objective of E-Governance is to bring about ‘Simple, Moral, Accountable, Responsive and
Transparent’ (SMART) governance. The rationale of E-governance is in its need in reducing red tape;
promotion of knowledge sharing to facilitate improvements in quality of governance; fulfilling
expectations of the people from government; welfare of citizens, transparency and accountability;
increase reach of service delivery by government; speeding up government processes and decision
taking ability; equitable access to public service; internal efficiency; reducing costs and improving
revenues; improving quality of services etc.

History of E-Governance in India

Digital India is the biggest and most recent e-governance initiative in India. But the history of e-
governance in India can be traced back to 1970 when the Government of India established the
Department of Electronics, followed by the National Informatics Centre (NIC) in 1977. Throughout the
late-1980s a significant number of government officials used computers, but their applications were
restricted to word processing. Only in 1987, with the launch of the National Satellite Based Computer
Network (NICNET), the e-governance agenda in India gained momentum. With the launch of District
Information Systems of the National Informatics Centre (DISNIC), state governments offered free
hardware and software to computerize all district offices. Liberalization, improved technology and
increasing connectivity in recent years saw a wave of e-governance initiatives at the state and union
level. The first department to make wide use of e-governance was the tax department at state and
union levels in order to make their internal working more efficient.
Stages of e-Governance
With respect to India, e-Governance proceeded through the following phases
 Computerization
 Networking
 On-line presence
 On-line interactivity

Types of Interactions in e-Governance

 G2G (Government to Government)
 G2C (Government to Citizens)
 G2B (Government to Business)
 G2E (Government to Employees)

Key Initiatives
 Government to citizen (G2C) initiatives
o Passport e-seva kendras
o IRCTC online booking
o Online filing of taxes
o Computerization of Land Records (Department of Land Resources, Government of India)
o Bhoomi Project in Karnataka (Online Delivery of Land Records)
o Gyandoot initiative of Madhya Pradesh (Intranet-based Government to Citizen (G2C)
service delivery initiative)
o Lokvani Project in Uttar Pradesh (public-private partnership project at Sitapur District in
Uttar Pradesh to provide a single window, self-sustainable e-Governance solution for
handling grievances, land record maintenance etc.)
o Project FRIENDS in Kerala (Fast, Reliable, Instant, Efficient Network for the
Disbursement of Services is a Single Window Facility to pay taxes and other financial
dues to the State Government)
o e-Mitra Project in Rajasthan (The two major components of this programme are ‘back
office processing’ and ‘service counters’)
o eSeva project of Andhra Pradesh (provides ‘Government to Citizen’ and ‘e-Business to
Citizen’ services)
o Revenue Administration through Computerized Energy (RACE) Billing Project, Bihar
o Common Entrance Test (CET) for admission to professional colleges

 Government to Business (G2B) Initiatives

o e-Procurement Project in Andhra Pradesh to reduce the time and cost of doing business
for both vendors and government.
o e-Procurement project in Gujarat to establish transparency in procurement process,
shortening of procurement cycle, availing of competitive price among others.
 o MCA 21 (Mission Mode Project under the NeGP launched in September 2006. It aims to
provide easy and secure online access to all registry related services provided by the
Union Ministry of Corporate Affairs to corporates and other stakeholders)

 Government to Government (G2G) Initiatives

o Khajane Project in Karnataka (comprehensive online treasury computerization project of
the Government of Karnataka)
o SmartGov project of Andhra Pradesh to streamline operations, enhance efficiency
through workflow automation and knowledge management in the Andhra Pradesh
Secretariat.

Stages of e-Governance

Computerization: This first phase was characterized using computers in a large number of Government
offices.

Networking: In this phase, few government organizations got connected through a hub which facilitated
sharing of information and flow of data between different government entities.

On-line presence: In this phase, the government entities began to maintain websites containing
information about the organizational structure, contact details, reports and publications, objectives and
vision statements.

On-line interactivity: Online interactivity began between government entities and the citizens, civil
society organizations etc. It also minimized the scope of personal interface with government entities by
providing downloadable Forms, Instructions, Acts, and Rules etc.

Key Initiatives: Some of the significant e-governance initiatives launched by the Central and State
governments are listed below

The ultimate goal of the e-government is to be able to offer an increased portfolio of public services to
citizens in an efficient and cost-effective manner. It allows for government transparency because it
allows the public to be informed about what the government is working on as well as the policies they
are trying to implement.
The main e-Governance initiatives of Madhya Pradesh state are as following:

A. State Wide Area Network (SWAN)

Madhya Pradesh Government established the state wide area network (SWAN) for data, voice and video
communications throughout the state. It enables access to the applications of entire state government
and its departments through interconnectivity. It also provides the reliable and secure connectivity
within the state administration to make the Government more productive at reduced communication
cost. The salient features of this project are as follows:

Madhya Pradesh situated in the central India having an area of around 308000 Sq. Km. The state's
administration operates through 48 districts, 272 tehsils and 313 Blocks. In order to avail financial and
social benefits of Information Technology, the establishment of State Wide Area Network (SWAN) has
been envisaged. The SWAN will provide primary backbone for communication of voice, data and video
though out the state and will be an effective tool for implementation of e-Governance
Projects.

B. Common Service Centers (CSC)

An Initiative of Government of India & Government of Madhya Pradesh .Being established in the State
for delivery of citizen centric services, an assisted project by the Department of Information Technology,
Government of India.

A Common Services Center, or CSC in short, is envisaged as a medium to improve the living standard of
common man in the rural parts of India, by enabling electronic delivery of information, knowledge, skills
and services which they need the most. It is an initiative of Department of Information Technology,
Govt. of India. CSC is expected to reduce the time and cost involved in obtaining some of rural services
such
as agri/farm inputs & prices, weather forecast, public grievance redressal, government to citizen
information & services etc. when fully functional, there will be 100,000 CSCs spread over rural India. This
means that one in every six villages of India, will be part of a large national network of digital services.
Out of these, about 9230 CSCs are envisaged to be set up in Madhya Pradesh. The CSC is designed as a
one-stop-centre for government related services along with a bouquet of several business related
services. A beneficiary of the CSC will be able to enjoy a wide variety of services at a nominal cost, in his
village. Common Services Centers can offer a large basket of services through e-medium. Along with
this, the CSC proposes to offer useful information for all possible segments of the society be it, students,
farmers, senior citizens, unemployed youth, businessmen, women, self-help groups etc. For example, a
farmer can make use of CSC to learn more about agricultural farm inputs, prices, weather conditions,
crop insurance etc. He may also use the CSC platform to buy an insurance policy, if wishes so.
Government of Madhya Pradesh is working on several enablers for effective implementation of CSC
Scheme such as State Wide Area Work, Computerization of Mission Mode Projects, State Data Center,
MP Online Portal etc. Initially, CSCs are expected to provide the following services

C. Web based counseling for department of Technical Education Government of MP

It is a Web-based online off-campus counseling for the admission in the entire engineering, pharmacy
and medical courses. This provides the convenience to students as they are not required to visit at
counseling venue. It saves the time and cost.

D. Online admissions in Government and private colleges of the state

From the academic session 2011-12 higher education department started online choice filling and
admission process in all the colleges of the state. It saves the time and cost.

E. Integrated Treasuries Information system of Madhya Pradesh

It is an online system for automation of District treasuries in the state of Madhya Pradesh. The purpose
of this project is to being more transparency and time bound functioning of treasuries. It includes the
verification of DDo through photograph and signature, online payment receipt module and pension
module. This project is implemented at District treasuries and Sub Division Treasuries for improvement
in operations and management of state funds.

F. E-registration of vehicles and e-driving license

There are two application software used for computerization of transport department. Vehicle
registration system software is used for registration of commercial and private vehicles. It includes
addition and removal of hypothecation, transfer of ownership, NOC and renewal of registration
certificate. The other software is used for issuing driving license. It includes the renewal and issuance of
duplicate license.

G. E-Land records

It is an online system for automation of Land records in the state of Madhya Pradesh. The purpose of
this project is to being more transparency and time bound functioning of revenue department.It
includes the online khasra and khatoni. This project is implemented at collectorate for improvement in
operations and management of land records.

H. E-unemployment registration

The employment exchange started online registration system for unemployed youths of the state. It
saves time and money of the unemployed youths of interior parts of the state.
I. E-Scholarship programme

From the academic session 2013-14 state government started centralized online application system for
all type scholarship programmes of the state government. School education department appointed
nodal agency for this project. It saves the time of the students of the state.

J. Samadhan online

It is used to facilitate citizens by capturing the inputs at a single point, defining a specified data
according to the type of service then accept the cash at the counter itself and deliver the required
service on the same counter. It is a single window system to provide effective interface between the
Government and Public. It also provides the facility for the citizens to check the status of their
applications through the project website.

K. Property Registration Information System Module (PRISM)

This project automats all major activities of Sub-registrar office through single window system. It
includes deeds of sale, Mortgage, valuation of property, on the spot registration, WILL, lease etc. and
capturing and printing of photographs on stamp paper. It will be soon implemented in Sub-Registrar
offices in the state of Madhya Pradesh.

Government support for e-governance initiatives

Madhya Pradesh’s Department of Infomation Technology has conferred IT awards to various

departments who have done exemplary work through the use of IT. Some of these projects include:

 Improvement in Citizen Service Delivery/Governance through use of IT’

 Computer based examination of PEB and Office of the Principal Revenue Commissioner, Bhopal
for Revenue Case Management System
 Software Development Life Cycle in Government, Department of Animal Husbandry for
Medicine Procurement & Management System
 m-GIS Mapping & Data Capturing in MP Forests
 ‘Improvement in Citizen Service Delivery through Government Process Reengineering (GPR)
Directorate of Public Instructions, Bhopal bagged the first position for Mission One Click – DBT
of Benefits of 30 Schemes to 82 lakh students
Proposed e-governance initiative in Madhya Pradesh

According to Census 2011, literacy rate in the state stood at 70.63 percent as against 74.02 percent at
national level. Over the past two decades, the government has made significant effort towards
increasing literacy levels in the state by implementing schemes such as Total Literacy Campaign, Padna
Badhna Andolan, Lok Samark Abhiyan and more recently through Sarva Siksha Abhiyan (SSA).

While the mass education initiatives like SSA have significantly increased the literacy rates in urban
districts of Bhoapl, Indore, Jabalpur, the reach of these programs is still limited in tribal districts
including Jhabua, Alirajpur, Barwani, Sheopur. Literacy levels in these regions is alarmingly low, at less
than 60 percent. Strengthening of primary education infrastructure, and monitoring of mass education
schemes, must be laid emphasis on in these pockets.

While the State has progressed towards providing universal access to all regions and ensuring high
enrolment, further efforts are required to increase retention of students across higher levels of
education. Significant drop out rates are witnessed after school education, resulting in low enrollments
in higher education - predominantly due to limited access, and inadequate quality higher educational
institutions in the state.

Successful implementation of universal education programs at the school level has to now be followed
by expansion in higher education facilities. The last decade, which has seen remarkable growth in
primary education facilities, has not witnessed proportional capacity expansion in higher educational
institutions.
Internet & Mobile Penetration

Vikas Samvad, a non-profit organization has conducted a study in 2015 of internet awareness, access
and uses of technology in urban slums and village communities of five districts in Madhya Pradesh. A
total of 4,270 households were covered in the survey that delved into the reasons poor people are still
not accessing the Internet in large numbers. The study reveals that 69% urban and 39% rural households
access internet on their mobile phones; internet cafes come second in both areas. Usage in both areas,
centred around entertainment, social media and education/employment. A high percentage of users
were male in urban (87%) and rural (88%) households respectively. A glaring 64% of rural households
reported being unaware about the internet, while 44% urban households lacked the necessary skills.

The subscriber base of internet users in rural area in Madhya Pradesh was 6.55 million as on 31.01.2016
(5.81% share in All India).

Mobile phone was found to be the most common digital source of information and communication for
the households for information exchange.
Internet access was not a very smooth process for the households surveyed in the research areas.
Majority of the internet users shared the problems they had faced while accessing internet.
Role of Internet in success of e-Governance initiatives
Internet is the basic requirement for the better implementation of e-Governance. So it is necessary to
know how much people are aware of the use of internet. Most of the citizens know the website address
of e-Governance services but only few uses the internet for e-Governance services and to know the
different documents required for particular services. It may be due to unawareness about e-governance
websites and more interest in social websites. Madhya Pradesh Government provides various e-
Governance facilities to urban as well as rural area bit due to some reasons it is not effectively
implemented in rural areas. The main aim of e-Governance is to bring transparency and effective
delivery of government services as this can help in eradicating corruption. Madhya Pradesh government
provides various schemes to villages bit these are not effectively implemented so there is lot of scope of
e-Governance in villages, In villages, panchayats control the whole administration so by creating e-
panchayats funds for various schemes in villages can be easily managed and state government can also
easily get updated information regarding the use of these funds, facilities available in villages and other
needed facilities to upgrade the standard of living of the people in villages.
During the year 2009-10, Internet facility was provided to 800 schools where the facility was available
under USOF scheme. System has been implemented to improve effectiveness of various schemes.

Monitoring & ICT Enabled Initiatives with (www.educationportal.mp.gov.in)

 Periodic data collection, review and management at district and state level.
 Regular periodic reviews through meetings and Video Conferencing.
 Concurrent & Internal Audit.
 Improvement in quality of District Information of School Education (DISE) data for optimization
and rationalization of available resources.
 Tele Samadhan.
 Online Monitoring System - All Inspecting officers can enter the details of the inspections carried
out by them. The problems related to absent teachers, short attendance, textbook related
problems reported by the inspector are made available to the concerned authority for necessary
follow-up action. State-level/district-level/block-level and school-level analysis and monitoring
of various types of issues/problems and follow-up action taken by the concerned authority.
 Online child-wise tracking system for out of school children.
 Registration of out of school children with their profile.
 Continuous tracking of follow-up efforts made by the concerned authorities for their enrollment
and mainstreaming.
 Common public can also report an out of school child for mainstreaming.
 More than 1.5 lac children have already been registered and are being actively followed up for
main streaming.
 Analysis of reasons for OOS (Out Of School).
Challenges in rolling out of E-governance initiatives

 Poor investments in setting up the digital

infrastructure across the habitations of the
communities, particularly the marginalized ones is
cited as a critical factor in securing a digitally
informed and knowledgeable society
 Marginalized communities in the state still
don't have access to digital technology like mobiles
and internet.
 Technology is still an urban phenomenon
with huge rural-urban divide prevailing
 Infrastructure for digital education needs to
be strengthen at school level particularly in rural
areas and urban marginalized groups. Even though
state government has rolled out a lot of mobile
governance apps but there is a gap in individual's
capacity to use it.
 There is a need for promotion various
helpline numbers at last mile to strengthen
grievances redressal system.
 Frequent power cuts and poor internet connectivity in rural areas
 Many teachers are not tech-savvy, and the teacher-training courses never really prepare them
to handle digital aids in classrooms
 Most of the tabs do not function
Proposed e-Governance initiative in MP

‘m-Shiksha Mitra Mobile App platform for School Education Sector’

A simplified way to get the latest updates, circulars, notices, payslip, register grievances, mark
attendance, apply for leaves.

This is what the site promotes:

However, in reality, neither does the website open nor can the app be downloaded from Playstore:
  Since Literacy and Education is a priority for the State Government, it is imperative that the m-
shiksha mitra app / website should be functional as it is the one-stop-shop platform for teachers
and staff
 The FAQs page on the website needs to be updated
 The links leading to Playstore and Website should be made functional
 The App should be downloadable on Playstore
 For non-English teachers, the site should have an option of Hindi as well

Conclusion

Due to the rapid rise of the internet and digitisation, State Governments across India are initiating steps
to involve IT into all governmental processes. This is to ensure that the Govt. administration becomes a
swifter and more transparent process whilst ensuring cost saving. Use of e-governance helps make all
functions of the business transparent. All Governmental information can be uploaded onto the internet.
The citizens access specifically access whichever information they want, whenever they want it, at the
click of a mouse, or the touch of a finger. For this to work the Government has to ensure that all data as
to be made public and uploaded to the Government information forums on the internet. However, with
the large number of people being illiterate, they may not know how to operate computers and
smartphones thus making e-governance very difficult for them to access and understand.
References:

https://archive.india.gov.in/citizen/graminbharat/graminbharat.php?id=7

https://www.gktoday.in/gk/e-governance-applications-models-successes-limitations-and-potential/

https://www.livemint.com/Politics/jeBf2sJN8Rax3ozwsXYO7I/Internet-in-the-hinterland.html

https://www.census2011.co.in/census/state/madhya+pradesh.html

http://vikaspedia.in/e-governance/states/madhya-pradesh

https://www.ripublication.com/ijepa17/ijepav7n1_04.pdf

https://nsdcindia.org/sites/default/files/files/madhya-pradesh-sg.pdf

http://www.mp.gov.in/web/guest/school-education2

https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/bhopal/Digital-MP-faces-huge-rural-urban-
divide/articleshow/47949372.cms

http://educationportal.mp.gov.in/MShikshaMitra/Default.aspx/
http://www.mp.gov.in/web/guest/school-education2