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By:
Name : Angelin Marhavyna Cristy
Student ID : B1B015030
Entourage : IV
Group :1
Assistant : Lukman Adi Nugroho
B. Objective
The purpose of this lab is to determine the stages of the process of post-
harvest seaweed, as well as the steps of drying and bleaching of seaweed
B. Method
Seaweed are dried under the sun for 1-2 days until it turn to white
Seaweed are dried under the sun for 1-2 days until it turn to yellowish
Seaweed are dried under the sun for 1-2 days until it turn to white
Seaweed are dried under the sun for 1-2 days until it turn to
yellowish
Storage in a save
place
A. Result
Figure 3.1 Washing process Figure 3.2 Seaweed after washing
B. Discussion
Methods that carried out in the process of drying seaweed in this practicum
include drying with fresh water washing, drying with soaked lime and drying with
direct sun heat. Our group do the drying process with direct heating. Based on the
results that our group obtained, seaweed that has been dried for 1-3 days in order to
clean the seaweed using clean water aims to remove dirt attached to seaweed, so that
seaweed becomes more clear than before. Then seaweed is dried directly under direct
sunlight. This method of drying will cause the seaweed to dry so that it does not
contain water, in accordance with Desrosier (1988) statement that drying is a method
to remove or partially remove water from a material by evaporating water to the
material by using heat energy.
The changes that occur in G. gigas which conducted by our group, resulting
at the time before washing G. gigas has a blackish color but after washing with clean
water and has been through the drying process then G. gigas change color to be
lighter before but not yellowish white. This is still in agreement with the statement
from Anggadiredja et al., (2006), that there is a change in post-harvest seaweed that
is in the form of changes in color, texture or level of softness and structure or content
of agar or alginate and in adequate sunlight exposure, seaweed will dry within 2-3
days. Water content in seaweed to be achieved in drying of Gracilaria sp. is ranging
from 14-18%. Quality of seaweed can be influenced by three things, namely
cultivation technique; harvest age; and post-harvest handling. According to Alamsjah
(2012), the quality of seaweed is determined by the content of agar. Other parameters
that are also important are fiber, protein and fat.
The seaweed used in this laboratory activites is Gracilaria gigas. Seaweed G.
gigas produces agarofit which is naturally found in the sea and commonly cultivated
in ponds. G. gigas is a low level plants which does not have tree roots, stems and
leaves of true, but in the form of thallus branching, and live in the sea with a depth
that can still be reached by sunlight. G. gigas is one of seaweed species the from red
algae type (Rhodophyceae) producsy agarofit, G. gigas have the high fiber and good
for health (Diana et al, 2015).
According to Kadi (1990), post-harvest handling of seaweed can be done with
several methods of drying namely:
1. Direct drying
Seaweed harvest dried under the sunlight about 1-3 days if the exposure of sun is
good. Direct drying method is considered successful if on drying Eucheuma
seaweed occurs within 2-3 days with levels of water 30-35% and for Gracilaria 1-
2 days with levels of water about 20-25%. The results of the direct drying is less
good quality.
2. Direct drying with para-para
Seaweed harvested is cleaned, dried on the top by using a base or para-para for 1-
3 days if the weather is sunny. This method of drying is considered successful if
on Eucheuma drying occurs within 2-3 days with levels of 30-35% and
Gracilaria 1-2 days with levels of 20-25%, the result is better than direct drying.
3. Direct with fermented
Seaweed is cleaned, dried in plastic wrap and soaked in a tub of seawater or fresh
water for 2-3 days. This method of drying is considered successful when the
seaweed that has become transparent white / type and then dried for 2-3 days with
water content is usually 20-25%.
4. Drying with hanging system
Seaweed is cleaned, then tied on the tool and dried in 1-3 days. This method of
drying is considered successful if on Eucheuma drying occurs for 2-3 days with
levels of 30-35% and Gracilaria 1-2 days with levels of 20-25%, after the dry it is
stored in the safe place.
5. Drying with freshwater washing
Seaweed is cleaned, washed with fresh water to dissolve the salt thats attached.
Seaweed dried for 1-2 days until white, if not white washes again using fresh
water. Dry up 1-2 days to white or yellowish. This method of drying is considered
successful when the water content is 15-20%.
6. Drying with calcium oxide
Seaweed is cleaned, soaked with calcium oxide for 1-2 hours, seaweed washed
again. This method of drying is considered successful when the seaweed has been
clean and become yellowish to whittish dried for 2-3 days.
The most appropriate drying method to produce maximum chemical content
of seaweed according to Masduqi, (2014) is through direct heating under the
sunlight, because the drying method is quite simple and easy to do. But in his
research there is other ways to use an oven to get bioactive compounds especially
phenol because it requires drying that does not use heat energy. Phenol compounds
has properties that are sensitive to heat treatment, so the process of drying with
sunlight can decrease the content of phenol compounds. Another research stated that
The open sun drying method is discouraged for large production due to the larger
area is required and it is labour intensive. But product losses or contamination is
increased particularly during raining seasons due to humidity reabsorption or
remoistening (Phang et al., 2015).
Factors that affecting post-harvesting seaweed include in the selection of
proper cultivation location, the use of good quality, and appropriate techniques or
methods of cultivation. One very important factor is the apropriate the depth of
planting when the seaweed is planted. The depth of cultivation of seaweed needs to
be considered because the depth will affect the growth of seaweed. If planting of
seaweed is too deep will cause difficulties in maintenance, while if too shallow will
cause the seaweed exposed to direct sunlight. The depth of planting is related to the
magnitude of the penetration of sunlight that is very have a role in the process of
photosynthesis (Serdiati & Widiastuti, 2012).
B. Suggestion
Suggestion for this laboratory activity is it should be better all of the process of
post-harvest seaweed can be done in laboratory, so all the practician participates to
do it and all the practican can understand the steps that must be done.
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