Simple Present Tense

Simple present tense adalah bentuk tense yang paling umum digunakan. Bentuk ini biasanya
digunakan untuk menunjukan fakta, kebiasaan, dan kejadian yang terjadi pada saat ini.

Kalimat
Rumus Kata Sinyal Kalimat Positif Kalimat Tanya
Negatif
Does he work
Subject + always, every, He does not
He always very hard in the
Verb 1 never, normally, work very hard
works very hard company?
(present often, sometimes, in the
in the company Yes, he does. /
form) usually, seldom company.
No, he does not.

Present Continuous Tense

Present continuous tense biasanya digunakan untuk membicarakan aksi yang sedang
berlangsung saat pembicaraan sedang berlangsung atau bisa juga digunakan untuk
rencana di masa depan.

Pattern Signal Words Affirmative Negative Question

Is he playing
Subject +
at the moment, He is not computer games
am/is/are + Look! He is
just now, now, playing at the moment?
Verb -ing talking with his
right now, Listen!, computer Yes, he is.
(continuous classmates.
Look! games now. / No, he is
form)
not.

Present Perfect Tense

Present perfect tense menekankan pada hasil. Tense ini menunjukkan aksi yang masih
sedang berlangsung atau baru saja selesai.

Pattern Signal Words Affirmative Negative Question

Has he
Subject +
already, ever, just, He has not completed the
has/have+ He has already
never, not yet, so been to arrangement for
Verb III (past finished his
far, till now, up to Australia so the coming
participle homework.
now far. event up to
form)
now?
 Yes, he has. /
No, he has not.

Present Perfect Continuous Tense

Present perfect continuous tense digunakan untuk mengungkapkan aksi yang telah selesai
pada suatu titik dimasa lampau atau aksi telah dimulai di masa lalu dan terus berlanjut
sampai sekarang. Biasanya aksi tersebut ada durasi waktu tertentu dan ada relevansinya
dengan kondisi sekarang.

Pattern Signal Words Affirmative Negative Question

Has he been
Subject +
playing the
HAS/HAVE for the past 5 He has not
He has been computer game
+ BEEN + years, how long been speaking
working here all day?
Verb -ing …?, the whole for the last 3
since 1996. Yes, he has.
(continuous week, since xxxx hours.
/ No, he has
form)
not.

Simple Past Tense

Simple past tense digunakan untuk mengungkapkan suatu kejadian yang terjadi di masa
lampau.

Pattern Signal Words Affirmative Negative Question

yesterday, 2 Did he pay the
Subject + minutes ago, in Last year, he He did not go bill yesterday?
Verb II (past 1996, last always worked to school this Yes, he did.
form) Thursday, this into night. morning. / No, he did
morning not.

Past Continuous Tense

Past continuous tense digunakan untuk mengungkapkan bahwa suatu aksi sedang terjadi
pada waktu tertentu di masa lampau. Biasanya ada dua kejadian di masa lampau dan satu
kejadian menginterupsi kejadian yang lain. Kejadian yang sedang diinterupsi tersebut
yang menggunakan past continuous tense.

Pattern Signal Words Affirmative Negative Question

 Was he writing
Subject + He was not the letter to his
He was
WAS/WERE when, while, as doing his parents when I
speaking when I
+ Verb -ing long as, at this homework at was out last
entered in
(continuous time yesterday this time Tuesday?
room.
form) yesterday. Yes, he was. /
No, he was not.

Past Perfect Tense

Past perfect tense digunakan untuk menunjukkan sebuah kejadian yang terjadi sebelum
waktu tertentu di masa lampau dan lebih menekankan pada fakta daripada durasi.

Pattern Signal Words Affirmative Negative Question

Had he entered
the company
Subject + He had finished before he
before yesterday, He had not
HAD + Verb his designs achieved his
till three days ago, been a high
III (past before he went master degree in
already, until that school student
participle to work 1990?
day until last year.
form) yesterday. Yes, he had.
/ No, he had
not.

Past Perfect Continuous Tense

Past perfect continuous tense hampir serupa dengan past perfect tense. Digunakan untuk
mengungkapkan suatu aksi yang terjadi di masa lalu dan telah selesai pada suatu titik
waktu tertentu di masa lalu, tapi tense ini menekankan pada durasi kejadiannya.

Pattern Signal Words Affirmative Negative Question

Had he been
Subject + He was told
speaking for the
HAD + He said that he that his teacher
whole class
BEEN + for, since, the had been had been
before I
Verb -ing whole day, all day working here waiting for
entered?
(continuous for ten years. him since 2
Yes, he had. /
form) p.m yesterday.
No, he had not.

Simple Future Tense

Simple Future tense mengindikasikan suatu aksi di masa yang akan datang dan tidak dapat
dipengaruhi. Dapat juga digunakan untuk pembuatan keputusan di masa depan yang spontan
atau asumsi yang berhubungan dengan masa yang akan datang. “Will” dan “be going to”
merupakan 2 indikator umum pada tenses ini.

Pattern Signal Words Affirmative Negative Question

He will not
Subject + play computer Will he go to
He is going to
“WILL/ BE in a year, next …, games the cinema
be journalist
GOING TO” tomorrow, next anymore tomorrow with
after he
+ Verb week, five days because he us?
graduate next
(present later understand Yes, he will. /
year.
form) how harmful No, he will not.
they are.

Future Continuous Tense

Future continuous tense menunjukkan aksi yang terjadi pada waktu tertentu di masa yang
akan datang dan aksi yang pasti akan terjadi dalam waktu dekat.

Pattern Signal Words Affirmative Negative Question

Subject + He will be He will not
Will he be playing
“WILL/BE delivering the be doing the
football next morning
GOING TO” tomorrow speech to task in the
in the
+ “BE” + morning, in undergraduates office this
playground? Yes,
Verb one year at 3 p.m afternoon
he will./ No, he will
(continuous tomorrow because he is
not.
form) afternoon. sick.

Future Perfect Tense

Future perfect tense menekankan pada aksi yang akan berakhir pada waktu tertentu di
masa yang akan datang.

Pattern Signal Words Affirmative Negative Question

Subject + Will he have
He will not
“WILL He will have finished the task
have finished
HAVE” + by next Monday, finished the in a
the given task
Verb II (past in a week task by next week? Yes,
by tomorrow
participle Monday. he will./ No,
evening.
form) he will not.
 Future Perfect Continuous Tense

Hampir sama dengan semua jenis perfect continuous tense, future perfect continuous
tense merupakan serangkaian aksi yang terjadi sebelum waktu tertentu di masa yang
akan datang.

Pattern Signal Words Affirmative Negative Question

Subject +
“WILL He will not Will he have been
He will have
HAVE have been doing the research
for the last been taking
BEEN” + doing the task all day
couple of hours, charge of the
Verb III for the last long? Yes,
all day long team for the
(past couple of he will./ No, he
next hour.
participle hours. will not.
form)

Past Future Tense

Past future tense pada dasarnya digunakan dalam kalimat yang tidak langsung, dimana
terdapat perubahan bentuk untuk menyesuaikan dengan rangkaian peristiwa yang ada.

Signal
Pattern Affirmative Negative Question
Words
He did not
Did you tell him
He said that promise
Subject + when I would
he would that he
“SHOULD/WOULD” arrive? Yes,
leave in three would buy
+ Verb (present form) I did. / No, I did
days. you a new
not.
computer.

Past Future Continuous Tense

Past future continuous tense menekankan pada serangkaian atau durasi sebuah aksi
terjadi. Sebagai tambahan, ini juga biasanya digunakan pada kalimat tidak langsung.

Signal
Pattern Affirmative Negative Question
Words
 I did not tell
Did you say
I made a anyone that I
that you would
promise that I would be
Subject + be working
would be giving a speech
“SHOULD/WOULD hard in the
doing my to
BE” + Verb next
homework all undergraduates
(continuous form) week? Yes, I
day long for the next
did / No, I
tomorrow. whole
did not.
morning.

Past Future Perfect Tense

Terdapat 3 waktu dalam past future perfect yang terjadi di masa lalu. Menunjuk pada waktu
yang akan datang, waktu tertentu di masa lalu, tetapi aksi yang terjadi harus sudah
selesai sebelum waktu yang akan datang. Dan biasanya digunakan pada kalimat tidak
langsung.

Pattern Signal Words Affirmative Negative Question

Did you say
He said that
He told the that you
Subject + he would not
students that would have
“SHOULD/WOULD have made
they should been a doctor
HAVE BEEN” + such a
have finished in three years?
Verb III (past mistake if he
the homework Yes, I did
participle form) had taken my
this morning. / No, I
advice.
did not.

Past Future Perfect Continuous Tense

Past future perfect continuous tense merupakan bentuk tense yang cukup sulit. Namun, kamu
dapat mempelajarinya dari past future perfect tense. Bedanya, past future perfect tense
menekankan pada durasi waktu yang sudah berlalu dan hasil.

Pattern Signal Words Affirmative Negative Question

Would he have
I did not
been
I heard that know that he
Subject + explaining to
you should would have
“SHOULD/WOULD the workers if
have been been
HAVE BEEN” + he had made
teaching here working for
Verb (continuous the
for ten years the past three
form) information
by this July. hours by that
clear?
time.
Yes, he would
/ No, he would
not.