ANIMALS: Understand/Recognize comprehensive taxonomy of animal kingdom. Differentiate invertebrates and vertebrates.

Categorize animal
kingdom by phylum.
Name Characteristics Examples
 Simplest of all animals
 Grow in ocean
 “pore-bearing”
1. PORIFERA  No tissues organs just specialized cells  sponges
 Spend most of their lives attached to a rock or coral reef.
 Get oxygen and nutrients needed by pulling water in through the pores
 asymmetrical
 about 10,000 different species
 all have radial symmetry
 Jellyfish (medusa)
2. CNIDARIA  two body forms—polyp (points up)
 Sea anemone (polyp)
--medusa (tentacles pointing down)
 all carnivores
 (flatworms)
 Flat, ribbon-like bodies made of 3 layer
3.  Bi-lateral symmetry  Planaria
PLATYHELMINTHES  Some free-living/some parasitic  Tapeworm
 Simple Nerv Sys—no circulatory—no respiratory
 Some regenerate/some cannot
 (roundworms)
 Parasitic worms such as
 Bodies slender and pointed at each end
pin worms,
4. NEMATODA  Live in wide variety of places
hookworms,
 Complete digestive system—2 openings (1 food/1 waste)
heartworms
 Simple NS, body-length muscles
 (segmented worms)
 Bilateral symmetry
 Body divided into ring-like segments  Earthworms
5. ANNELIDA  Organ systems more developed than other worms  Leeches
 Closed circulatory system (in vessels)  Feather dusters
 Have well-developed nerv and excretory systems
 Can be filter-feeders or detrivores
 Soft body / muscular foot  Snails
 Gastropods: stomach-footed, move on slimy trails they secrete, get food by scraping plants with  Clams
their tongue
6. MOLLUSCA  Octopus
 Bivalves: two shells, foot used to move or dig in sand, filter-feeders
 Slugs
 Cephalopods: “head-footed” head and foot, well-developed brain, no body, may have internal shell or
none, some change shape or color to mimick surroundings to hide, can squirt ink  squid
 have internal skeleton made of spiny calcium plate
 “spiny skin”  Star fish
 Radial symmetry  Sea urchin
7. ECHINODERMATA  Water vascular system  Brittle stars
 No well-developed Nerv sys  Sand dollars
 Reproduce by external sexual reproduction  Sea cucumbers
 Some can regenerate as long as a piece of central body is attached
 Segmented bodies
 Exoskeletons
 Jointed appendages  Lobsters Crab Shrimp
 Crustaceans: two pairs antennae, set of chewing mouthparts (mandible), body with 2 or 3 segments
Crayfish Barnacles
8. ARTHROPODA  Arachnids: most poisonous, have eight legs  Spiders ticks scorpions
 Centipedes and millipedes: worm-like, cent-fast, one pair of legs on each segment Miliipededes-  Millipedes centipedes
have 2 pairs legs per segments  All insects
 Insects: have 3 body parts and 3 pairs of legs, all show many adaptations, all go through
metamorphosis
 Vertebrates-have strong supporting backbone/spinal column which contain spinal cord
 Fish: carp, sharks
 Can be ectotherms or endotherms
 Amph: frog, salamander, caecilian
 Fish: Jawless, sharks and rays, bony fish
 Reptiles: snake, turtles alligators,
 Amphibians: means double-life eggs-tadpoles-(meto) legs lungs, live part in water and part out crocodiles
9. CHORDATA  Reptiles: are ectothemrs, scaly skin, well-deveolped lungs, eggs have leathery tough shell  Birds: Doves, swans, eagles, penguin,
 Birds: endothermic, most have hollow bones, digest-resp-circ are well-developed and efficient, very emu
adaptive  Mammals: kangaroo, moles, bats,
 Mammals: all are endothermic, 14 orders, have hair or fur, four chambered heart, lungs for
sloth, rabbits, gophers, whale,
raccoon, zebra, goats, elephants,
respiration, nurse young with milk from the mother manatees, humans
Monotremes: lay eggs Marsupials: have pouches, kangaroos, possums Placental mammals