English Grammar Guide with Exercises

İÇİNDEKİLER
 TENSES………………………………………….…………………..2
 TENSES (CÜMLE TAMAMLAMA)………………………………. 41
 MODALS………….………………………………………………… 51
 MODALS (CÜMLE TAMAMLAMA)……………………………… 71
 PASSIVE STRUCTURES…………………….…………………… 74
 PASSIVE STRUCTURES (CÜMLE TAMAMLAMA)....………... 94
 IF CLAUSES………………........................................................ 97
 IF CLAUSES (CÜMLE TAMAMLAMA)..................................... 116
 NOUN CLAUSES…………..……………………………………….122
 NOUN CLAUSES (CÜMLE TAMAMLAMA)……….……….…... 143
 RELATIVE CLAUSES………………………………….…………..153
 REDUCTION IN RELATIVE CLAUSES…………..…..………… 174
 RELATIVE CLAUSES (CÜMLE TAMAMLAMA)……...……….. 190
 ADJECTIVE-ADVERB STRUCTURES………...…………..…… 196
 ADJECTIVE-ADVERB STRUCTURES (C.T.)…………............ 215
 VERBALS…………………………………………….................... 220
 VERBALS (CÜMLE TAMAMLAMA)……………………............. 240
 QUANTIFIERS/PRONOUNS etc. ………………........................ 243
 QUANTIFIERS/PRONOUNS etc. (CÜMLE TAMAMLAMA)..... 263
 CONJUNCTIONS/TRANSITIONS……………............................266
 REDUCTION IN ADVERBIAL CLAUSES…………................... 306
 CONJUNCTIONS/TRANSITIONS (CÜMLE TAMAMLAMA)..... 313
Eskişehir Dilsem Dil Kursu 0 222 221 41 02
TENSES
1- Last Saturday my father ---- that his dinner 8- The conditions in our office ---- more and
suit was too small, so now he ---- a strict diet. more unbearable, and so quite often recently
I ---- quitting it and looking for a new job.
A) has discovered/followed
B) discovers/was following A) have got/was considering
C) discovered/is following B) was getting/am considering
D) was discovering/has followed C) are getting/have considered
E) has been discovering/follows D) have been getting/consider
E) get/considered
2- Helen ---- her driving test five times so far
without success, but she ---- yet. 9- Because I ---- a long way from my work, I ----
lots of time going to and from work.
A) takes/isn't giving up
B) has taken/hasn't given up A) live/waste
C) was taking/didn't give up B) lived/have wasted
D) is taking/doesn't give up C) have been living/wasted
E) took/wasn't giving up D) am living/have been wasting
E) was living/am wasting
3- Most of the time, John and his friends ----
football matches at their local cafe, but this 10- In the USA, the twenty largest newspaper
Saturday they ---- to the stadium, and so chains ---- for almost half of the circulation,
they're all very excited. reflecting a trend that ---- in the 1970s.
A) watch/are going A) account/started

B) have been watching/go B) were accounting/start
C) are watching/have gone C) has accounted/was starting
D) were watching/went D) accounted/is starting
E) have watched/were going E) accounts/has started
4- Kate ---- a vegetarian for eleven years now, 11- Clean snow ---- as much as 87 percent of the
and she ---- meat at all during all this time. sunlight that ---- on it.
A) is/isn't eating A) is reflecting/shone

B) has been/wasn't eating B) has reflected/was shining
C) is/doesn't eat C) reflected/is shining
D) has been/hasn't eaten D) was reflecting/has shone
E) was/didn't eat E) reflects/shines
5- Last year Richard ---- his bicycle to work every 12- More than two hundred people ---- the tower
day, but he ---- the bus since the accident. when the bomb ---- in one of the dustbins.
A) rides/takes A) have visited/was exploding

B) has ridden/is taking B) were visiting/exploded
C) rode/has been taking C) visited/has exploded
D) was riding/took D) are visiting/is exploding
E) is riding/has taken E) visit/has exploded
6- I ---- glasses when I was younger, but now I 13- Because you ---- half of the ingredients as I
---- contact lenses. ---- dinner, you probably aren't hungry at all
now.
A) was wearing/have had
B) have worn/am having A) were eating/have prepared
C) have been wearing/had B) have eaten/prepared
D) wear/was having C) have been eating/prepare
E) wore/have D) ate/was preparing
E) eat/have been preparing
7- About a month ago, I ---- a brochure about
your hotel, but I ---- it yet. 14- She ---- strictly since Christmas and so far
she ---- eight kilos.
A) request/didn't receive
B) have requested/am not receiving A) was dieting/was losing
C) was requesting/wasn't receiving B) dieted/loses
D) requested/haven't received C) diets/is losing
E) have been requesting/don't receive D) is dieting/lost
E) has been dieting/has lost
-2-
www.dilsem.com www.seyfihoca.com
15- Cindy's family ---- chains in this area for over 22- Problems with the hotel, coupled with this
three centuries and now her father ---- this awful weather, ---- our holiday miserable, so
traditional craft at the county museum twice we ---- before the scheduled time.
a day as well.
A) have made/have left
A) are making/is demonstrating B) were making/leave
B) have made/has demonstrated C) make/left
C) made/was demonstrating D) are making/are leaving
D) were making/demonstrated E) made/were leaving
E) have been making/demonstrates
23- The fact that more people ---- ozone-friendly
16- He ---- to unlock the door to his flat because products nowadays ---- that the media can
the telephone ----. positively increase public awareness.
A) was hurrying/rang A) have used/was showing

B) hurries/has been ringing B) used/has shown
C) hurried/was ringing C) use/has been showing
D) is hurrying/rings D) were using/showed
E) has hurried/has rung E) are using/shows
17- There ---- economies since the dawn of 24- My sister ---- from severe back aches lately
civilization, but as a field of study, and I think it's because, last month, she ----
economics ---- only recently. to work in a shop where she has to pick up
heavy things.
A) were/was developing
B) have been/has developed A) is suffering/has started
C) are/has been developing B) suffers/was starting
D) were/is developing C) has been suffering/started
E) have been/develops D) suffered/is starting
E) was suffering/starts
18- John Deere ---- his farm machinery business,
which ---- tractors today, in the 19th century. 25- Though she ---- dancing, Sonia ---- to the
disco with her friends the previous night just
A) founds/still produced in order to be with them in a different
B) has founded/is still producing atmosphere.
C) was founding/was still producing
D) founded/still produces A) hasn't liked/has gone
E) is founding/has still produced B) doesn't like/went
C) didn't like/is going
19- I ---- my French lately; consequently, I ---- D) doesn't like/goes
more and more of it. E) didn't like/has been going
A) am not practicing/forget 26- Somebody ---- three times this morning

B) haven't been practicing/am forgetting asking for Pete, but nobody called Pete ----
C) don't practice/have forgotten here.
D) wasn't practicing/forgot
E) didn't practice/was forgetting A) has phoned/has ever lived
B) is phoning/was ever living
20- The old lady's health ---- day by day until she C) phones/ever lived
---- smoking. D) phoned/is ever living
E) has been phoning/ever lived
A) was deteriorating/gave up
B) is deteriorating/gives up 27- Joey ---- just ---- stubborn when he refused
C) deteriorated/has given up to go to the cinema today and he only did so
D) deteriorates/is giving up because we ---- to go bowling yesterday.
E) has deteriorated/was giving up
A) is…being/haven't wanted
21- The managing director ---- Sid to sales B) has…been/didn't want
manager and ever since, he ---- everybody C) is/don't want
around. D) was/haven't been wanting
E) was…being/didn't want
A) promoted/has been bossing
B) promotes/bosses
C) has promoted/is bossing
D) is promoting/was bossing
E) was promoting/has bossed
3
28- My mother ---- her optician tomorrow 35- I ---- a brace on my teeth as a child, but I
because her eyesight ---- worse since she didn't like it.
got this computing job.
A) was wearing
A) has visited/is becoming B) am wearing
B) visited/was becoming C) have worn
C) visits/becomes D) wore
D) is visiting/has become E) have been wearing
E) was visiting/became
36- I ---- an extra part-time job last week as we
29- As the President ---- the hall, all the guests ---- the money.
---- to their feet to welcome him.
A) am starting/are needing
A) was entering/have risen B) was starting/have needed
B) entered/rose C) start/needed
C) is entering/rise D) have started/were needing
D) enters/have been rising E) started/need
E) has entered/were rising
37- In 1951, the people of the Gold Coast ---- for
30- She ---- interested in health ever since she their own government and shortly
was a young girl and now that the medical afterwards, they ---- their country as Ghana.
college ---- her as a student, it seems that
she will be able to work in the medical field. A) vote/are renaming
B) voted/renamed
A) was/accepted C) have voted/were renaming
B) has been/has accepted D) were voting/have renamed
C) is/is accepting E) are voting/rename
D) is being/accepts
E) was/was accepting 38- As my son ---- down by the river, I ---- his
room thoroughly.
31- I ---- Malcolm in his car, but he ---- the traffic
and didn't see me. A) fishes/have cleaned
B) is fishing/cleaned
A) was seeing/watches C) has fished/clean
B) see/has watched D) fished/have been cleaning
C) have seen/is watching E) was fishing/cleaned
D) saw/was watching
E) am seeing/watched 39- We ---- in Cornwall for two weeks last
summer. Since then, we ---- a holiday by the
32- Tim ---- a master's degree as soon as he ---- sea.
to Canada.
A) stayed/haven't had
A) has begun/is returning B) are staying/don't have
B) began/returned C) were staying/didn't have
C) is beginning/returned D) stay/aren't having
D) was beginning/returns E) have stayed/weren't having
E) begins/has returned
40- One of the straps on the baby's pram ----
33- Rachel ---- up smoking four years ago and quite thin, so we ---- to replace it.
she ---- a cigarette since.
A) wore/decide
A) was giving/doesn't smoke B) wears/have decided
B) has given/wasn't smoking C) was wearing/decided
C) gave/hasn’t smoked D) is wearing/were deciding
D) has given/didn't smoke E) has been wearing/decide
E) is giving/isn't smoking
41- This time last year, his business ---- a
34- Last year, Sonny ---- four miles each reasonable profit, but now, because of bad
morning before breakfast, but he ---- around management, he ---- to keep it going.
the block each morning instead since his
heart attack. A) has made/has struggled
B) made/was struggling
A) ran/has been walking C) make/has been struggling
B) has run/has walked D) has been making/struggles
C) runs/was walking E) was making/is struggling
D) has been running/walks
E) was running/walked
4
42- The last time we ---- dinner with them, they 49- Even though it ---- heavily at the time, they
---- for a new house. ---- home.
A) have had/looked A) has snowed/were driving

B) were having/have been looking B) snows/have been driving
C) have been having/look C) was snowing/drove
D) had/were looking D) has been snowing/drive
E) have/are looking E) snowed/are driving
43- The whole family was busy. While the 50- It's been one week since the floods ----, but
children ---- decorations, their father ---- up still aid workers ---- people.
the Christmas tree.
A) are striking/rescued
A) are making/is setting B) strike/were rescuing
B) made/has been setting C) were striking/have been rescuing
C) have been making/has set D) struck/are rescuing
D) were making/was setting E) have struck/rescue
E) have made/set
51- I ---- my book in the launderette while my
44- A: What's on TV tonight? washing ----.
B: Match of the day. Manchester United ----
South Melbourne. A) have read/dries
B) read/was drying
A) play C) was reading/has dried
B) were playing D) have read/is drying
C) are playing E) am reading/has dried
D) have played
E) played 52- Up to now, the predicted Millennium
computer bug ---- very few problems,
45- Isn't it strange that you ---- for Mark's although many scientists last year ---- a
surprise party all week, but you ---- him a catastrophe.
birthday present yet?
A) has been causing/have predicted
A) are preparing/didn't buy B) is causing/predict
B) have been preparing/haven't bought C) causes/were predicting
C) prepared/don't buy D) caused/have been predicting
D) have prepared/aren't buying E) has caused/predicted
E) prepare/weren't buying
53- I only ---- the company on Monday for a copy
46- While my parents ---- in the shopping centre, of their magazine and I ---- it already.
a thief ---- into their car for the radio.
A) was asking/am receiving
A) shopped/has broken B) have been asking/was receiving
B) were shopping/broke C) ask/receive
C) have shopped/breaks D) asked/have received
D) are shopping/was breaking E) have asked/have been receiving
E) shop/is breaking
54- More and more of my colleagues ---- these
47- When we ---- her, she ---- in the wardrobe. days because the new owners of the
company have changed a lot of procedures.
A) were finding/hides These changes won't affect me though,
B) find/has hidden because I ---- my job here only recently.
C) are finding/is hiding
D) found/was hiding A) have left/was starting
E) have found/hid B) leave/am starting
C) were leaving/started
48- I never ---- my temper on purpose, of course, D) left/start
but sometimes I just ----, though I always E) are leaving/have started
regret it afterwards.
55- She ---- onto the train because the station
A) lose/explode guard ---- his whistle.
B) lost/am exploding
C) have been losing/exploded A) has hurried/blows
D) was losing/have exploded B) hurries/has been blowing
E) have lost/was exploding C) hurried/was blowing
D) was hurrying/has blown
E) is hurrying/blows
5
56- Peggy's family ---- pedigree dogs for three 63- We ---- with the sales staff tomorrow
generations and they regularly ---- their dogs because our sales ---- recently.
in shows.
A) were meeting/declined
A) have been breeding/enter B) are meeting/have declined
B) are breeding/are entering C) meet/decline
C) were breeding/are entering D) met/were declining
D) breed/have entered E) have met/are declining
E) bred/were entering
64- Sally's husband ---- for a new job because
57- Mrs. White ---- her daughter's wedding dress his present one ---- no opportunities for
herself since November and ---- it, except for advancement.
the trimmings.
A) was looking/has offered
A) made/finished B) looks/was offering
B) was making/was finishing C) looked/is offering
C) has been making/has finished D) is looking/offers
D) is making/finished E) has looked/has been offering
E) makes/is finishing
65- I ---- you several times last week, but no one
58- Because we have a young baby, we ---- the ---- in.
opportunity to go to the cinema any more,
but now and again, we ---- a video to play at A) was phoning/has been
home. B) phoned/was
C) have phoned/has been
A) didn't have/are buying D) phone/is being
B) aren't having/were buying E) am phoning/is
C) don't have/buy
D) weren't having/bought 66- My father ---- English at all although he ---- it
E) haven't had/have been buying for three years when he was in high school.
59- This perfume ---- like cheap soap and A) isn't speaking/has studied
definitely isn't worth this price. B) hasn't been speaking/studies
C) doesn't speak/studied
A) is smelling D) didn't speak/has been studying
B) smells E) wasn't speaking/is studying
C) has been smelling
D) was smelling 67- I ---- on this report for more than three weeks
E) smelt now, but I ---- only half of it yet.
60- While I ---- some money from a cash A) worked/have been completing
machine, a man ---- it all out of my hand. B) am working/complete
C) work/am completing
A) was withdrawing/snatched D) was working/completed
B) withdrew/snatches E) have been working/have completed
C) am withdrawing/has snatched
D) have withdrawn/was snatching 68- The archaeological evidence ---- clearly that
E) withdrew/has been snatching people in ancient Crete ---- flush toilets 4000
years ago.
61- They ---- to buy a boat for years, and finally
they ---- enough money. A) has shown/use
B) is showing/have used
A) have been hoping/have saved C) showed/have been using
B) hope/saved D) shows/were using
C) were hoping/are saving E) was showing/are using
D) hoped/have been saving
E) are hoping/save 69- Mary says she ---- George because he ---- her
life miserable.
62- As he ---- the party, a strange man ---- him.
A) has been leaving/makes
A) left/has been approaching B) has left/is making
B) is leaving/has approached C) leaves/was making
C) leaves/was approaching D) is leaving/has made
D) has left/approaches E) was leaving/has made
E) was leaving/approached
6
70- My brother ---- a new BMW and ever since he 77- The negotiators ---- to bring the two sides
---- about it. together for months, but so far they ----.
A) was buying/bragged A) try/are failing

B) is buying/is bragging B) are trying/failed
C) has bought/brags C) tried/fail
D) buys/has bragged D) have tried/were failing
E) bought/has been bragging E) have been trying/have failed
71- He ---- great poverty until he ---- up writing 78- The electricity ---- off last night just as the
and got a proper job. film on TV ---- interesting.
A) has suffered/gives A) has gone/got

B) suffered/gave B) was going/has got
C) is suffering/has given C) is going/has been getting
D) has suffered/was giving D) goes/is getting
E) suffers/is giving E) went/was getting
72- I ---- a lot of weight since I ---- drinking beer 79- More than a million people ---- the new
every night. superstore since it ---- last month.
A) have lost/stopped A) are visiting/has been opening

B) lost/am stopping B) have visited/opened
C) lose/have been stopping C) were visiting/opens
D) was losing/have stopped D) have been visiting/is opening
E) am losing/stop E) visited/has opened
73- My son ---- very well at university this term 80- Water ---- from liquid to gas when it ---- a
because he ---- out late at night any more. temperature of 100°C.
A) does/hasn't stayed A) has changed/reached

B) did/isn't staying B) changed/was reaching
C) has done/wasn't staying C) changes/reaches
D) was doing/hasn't been staying D) has been changing/is reaching
E) is doing/doesn't stay E) is changing/reached
74- Last year, he almost ---- because he ---- his 81- The phrase "post modernism" ---- about fifty
social life a little too much. years ago, but most people still ---- what it
means.
A) fails/has enjoyed
B) was failing/has been enjoying A) was appearing/haven't known
C) failed/was enjoying B) has appeared/don't know
D) has been failing/enjoyed C) appeared/don't know
E) has failed/enjoys D) appears/didn't know
E) has been appearing/haven't known
75- Our company’s sales ---- since the new
management ---- over. 82- People who ---- items like bottles and cans
---- the world's resources.
A) have been improving/took
B) improve/has taken A) aren't recycling/wasted
C) improved/has been taking B) didn't recycle/waste
D) are improving/was taking C) haven't been recycling/were wasting
E) were improving/is taking D) don't recycle/are wasting
E) haven't recycled/wasted
76- The guards ---- when the enemy ----.
83- The President ---- too hard lately, and as a
A) are sleeping/has been attacking result, he ---- terrible.
B) have slept/was attacking
C) slept/has attacked A) has been working/looks
D) were sleeping/attacked B) has worked/looked
E) sleep/is attacking C) worked/is looking
D) works/has looked
E) is working/was looking
7
84- I ---- to play the lottery about two years ago, 91- The cosmetics company ---- for 25 years to
but I ---- anything yet. this date, but last month, the original
directors, Anita Roddick and her husband
A) was starting/didn't win ---- from the board.
B) started/haven't won
C) start/haven't been winning A) traded/have resigned
D) have started/don't win B) was trading/resign
E) am starting/wasn't winning C) has been trading/resigned
D) trades/were resigning
85- I ---- in Istanbul for so long that I ---- the time E) has traded/are resigning
before the Bosporus Bridges.
92- While my husband ---- our car in the garage, I
A) am living/remembered ---- the plants in the garden.
B) lived/am remembering
C) was living/have remembered A) repaired/have watered
D) live/was remembering B) was repairing/was watering
E) have lived/remember C) has repaired/am watering
D) repaired/have been watering
86- Two years ago, she ---- English at all, but she E) repairs/watered
---- hard since then.
93- The Japanese ---- the Gilbert Islands in the
A) hasn't spoken/is studying west Pacific in 1941, but the Americans ----
B) wasn't speaking/studies them in 1943.
C) isn't speaking/studied
D) didn't speak/has been studying A) have been occupying/were evicting
E) doesn't speak/was studying B) occupy/have evicted
C) have occupied/evict
87- My brother ---- three years in jail when he D) were occupying/are evicting
was younger, but now he ---- to give up his E) occupied/evicted
life of crime.
94- We ---- out our spare room to a student
A) spent/has decided because we ---- the money.
B) spends/is deciding
C) has spent/has been deciding A) were renting/have been needing
D) was spending/decides B) are renting/have needed
E) has been spending/decided C) rent/were needing
D) have been renting/are needing
88- I ---- my boss privately tomorrow and I ---- E) have rented/need
quite nervous about it.
95- I ---- glasses as a student, but now I ---- more
A) have seen/am feeling comfortable with contact lenses.
B) see/was feeling
C) am seeing/feel A) wore/feel
D) saw/felt B) was wearing/have felt
E) was seeing/have felt C) have worn/am feeling
D) am wearing/was feeling
89- The first time I ---- horse riding, I was very E) have been wearing/felt
nervous and ---- the reins very tightly.
96- This time last year, the Taliban ----
A) was going/am holding Afghanistan, but since January, a new
B) have gone/hold government ---- the country.
C) am going/have held
D) go/was holding A) has been ruling/has run
E) went/held B) was ruling/has been running
C) ruled/is running
90- Life ---- immensely since Thomas Edison ---- D) rules/was running
the first light bulb in 1879. E) has ruled/ran
A) is changing/was inventing 97- Geoff ---- on my toe while we ----.

B) has changed/invented
C) has been changing/has invented A) was treading/danced
D) changed/has been inventing B) trod/were dancing
E) was changing/invents C) has trodden/are dancing
D) treads/have danced
E) is treading/dance
8
98- The Parkinsons ---- two puppies two years 105- Our grandmother ---- in a nursing home
ago and, because they can't take the puppies while we ---- a two-week holiday.
with them, they ---- a holiday abroad since.
A) has been staying/were taking
A) have bought/aren't taking B) was staying/take
B) bought/weren't taking C) is staying/have taken
C) bought/haven't taken D) stayed/took
D) were buying/don't take E) stays/have been taking
E) have bought/didn't take
106- A: It's unusually quiet here. Where are the
99- A lot of youths ---- the army as soon as the children?
Parliament ---- war on the enemy. B: Tony ---- football with two friends in the
park and Julie ---- her grandmother.
A) are joining/was declaring
B) joined/declared A) has played/was helping
C) have joined/is declaring B) was playing/has helped
D) join/has declared C) played/helped
E) have been joining/declares D) plays/helps
E) is playing/is helping
100- The grocery shopkeeper ---- the boy in his
shop because a gang of angry young men 107- The last time we ---- along the seafront at
---- for the boy. Sidmouth, folk dancers ---- on a warm
summer night.
A) has hidden/looked
B) hides/look A) walk/performed
C) was hiding/have looked B) have been walking/are performing
D) hid/were looking C) walked/were performing
E) is hiding/look D) were walking/perform
E) have walked/have performed
101- They ---- a religious service in the grand
cathedral at the time we were there, so we ---- 108- This time yesterday, he ---- for the final, but
inside. today, because of an injury, he ---- in front of
the television.
A) were holding/didn't go
B) have held/don't go A) is practising/sits
C) are holding/weren't going B) has practised/sat
D) have been holding/haven't gone C) was practising/is sitting
E) hold/haven't been going D) has been practising/has sat
E) practised/was sitting
102- Considering you ---- for your wedding all
year, it's surprising that you ---- a wedding 109- This plant ---- in its previous place, so I ---- it
dress yet. to a sunnier position on the balcony.
A) have been preparing/haven't chosen A) has withered/was moving

B) were preparing/aren't choosing B) was withering/moved
C) prepared/didn't choose C) is withering/have moved
D) have prepared/don't choose D) withers/move
E) are preparing/haven't been choosing E) withered/have been moving
103- A: Do you have any plans for this afternoon? 110- She ---- into the city centre last autumn, and
B: Yes, we ---- the children on a boat trip. since then, she ---- her car much at all.
A) take A) has moved/didn't use

B) took B) is moving/hasn't been using
C) have been taking C) has been moving/didn't use
D) have taken D) was moving/doesn't use
E) are taking E) moved/hasn't used
104- Orchid roots ---- salep its unique flavour and 111- My husband ---- our patio himself, and he ----
cinnamon ---- extra flavour. it, apart from the border.
A) give/adds A) paved/is completing

B) has given/was adding B) has been paving/has completed
C) have been giving/has added C) was paving/is completing
D) were giving/has been adding D) paves/completes
E) are giving/is adding E) has paved/was completing
9
112- It's more than half an hour since I ---- to 118- It ---- one week since the terrorist attacks,
assemble this mobile phone, and I still ---- in but still workers ---- away the rubble.
getting past the second step of the
instructions. A) was/have cleared
B) has been/cleared
A) have started/don't succeed C) was/have been clearing
B) have been starting/didn't succeed D) is/clear
C) was starting/wasn't succeeding E) has been/are clearing
D) started/haven't succeeded
E) am starting/don't succeed 119- Even though we ---- an important issue at the
time, he ---- us.
113- We ---- suddenly after the bend in Nursery
Lane because a farmer ---- his cows across A) have been discussing/interrupts
the road. This delayed us by ten minutes. B) discuss/has been interrupting
C) have discussed/was interrupting
A) were stopping/has herded D) were discussing/interrupted
B) are stopping/is herding E) discussed/has interrupted
C) stop/has been herding
D) stopped/was herding 120- When I visited the Blue Mosque, it was
E) have stopped/herded prayer time and some worshippers ---- in
prayer while tourists ---- the impressive
114- An increasing number of teenagers ---- drugs building.
in the UK these days, so the government ----
a new campaign called “Tackling Drugs for a A) have knelt/are touring
Better Britain”. B) knelt/have been touring
C) were kneeling/were touring
A) are taking/has introduced D) kneel/toured
B) were taking/introduces E) are kneeling/are touring
C) took/has been introducing
D) have taken/introduces 121- I ---- to the optician’s later this afternoon
E) have been taking/was introducing because I ---- difficulty reading small print
recently.
115- I only ---- my treatment last Thursday and my
condition ---- already. A) have gone/am having
B) am going/have had
A) was beginning/is improving C) went/have
B) have been beginning/was improving D) have been going/was having
C) began/has improved E) go/had
D) am beginning/improved
E) have begun/has been improving 122- As he ---- a photograph of his family in the
park, a stranger ---- in front of the camera.
116- In their experiments up to now, scientists ----
a sheep and a cat, but genetic engineering A) was taking/walked
techniques ---- all the time. B) has been taking/has walked
C) has taken/was walking
A) have been cloning/have developed D) takes/is walking
B) have cloned/are developing E) took/has been walking
C) are cloning/develop
D) clone/were developing 123- Joe ---- for the role of Romeo for two months
E) cloned/have been developing and is now confident that he ---- his lines by
heart.
117- In order to get Marie to hospital, they ---- the
crossing from the island to the mainland A) is rehearsing/has known
even though a violent storm ---- at the time. B) rehearsed/knew
C) is rehearsing/knows
A) risked/was raging D) was rehearsing/has known
B) are risking/has raged E) has been rehearsing/knows
C) have risked/is raging
D) were risking/has been raging 124- While she ---- breakfast, her husband ---- her
E) have been risking/rages with a bouquet of flowers for Valentine's Day.
A) prepares/has presented
B) has prepared/presents
C) was preparing/presented
D) is preparing/has been presenting
E) prepared/was presenting
10
125- I'm not sure, but it ---- like pure silk and it ---- 132- I ---- my belongings for four hours now, and I
fabulous on you. Why don't you buy it? still ---- the living room and the kitchen yet.
A) has been feeling/looked A) pack/don't touch

B) has felt/is looking B) was packing/didn't touch
C) was feeling/was looking C) have been packing/haven't touched
D) feels/looks D) packed/haven't been touching
E) is feeling/has looked E) have packed/am not touching
126- I am sorry. We ---- Coalport china any more, 133- My best friend ---- wonderful original clothes
but we ---- Minton and Worcester porcelain in although she ---- any formal dressmaking
stock, which are very similar. classes.
A) don't stock/have A) makes/hasn't attended

B) haven't stocked/are having B) made/isn't attending
C) aren't stocking/have had C) was making/doesn't attend
D) weren't stocking/had D) has been making/wasn't attending
E) didn't stock/have had E) was making/isn't attending
127- Our family ---- this same plot of land for 134- I ---- him about his opinion several times
centuries and my brother ---- this tradition to yesterday, but I ---- a straight answer.
continue.
A) have asked/haven't got
A) farm/has wanted B) ask/don't get
B) have been farming/wants C) was asking/haven't been getting
C) were farming/has been wanting D) asked/didn't get
D) farmed/has wanted E) have been asking/wasn't getting
E) are farming/wanted
135- Our Information Technology department ---- a
128- My grandmother ---- on her own until she ---- new accountancy software package for our
too weak and thus dependent on other computer system at the moment because our
people. current one ---- us with enough information.
A) has been living/becomes A) tests/hasn't been providing

B) has lived/has become B) has tested/didn't provide
C) lives/is becoming C) was testing/hasn't provided
D) lived/became D) is testing/doesn't provide
E) was living/was becoming E) tested/wasn't providing
129- My daughter ---- about her new course from 136- He ---- to take getting fired calmly, but I am
the moment she ---- it last Friday. sure he ---- his true feelings.
A) complained/has started A) appeared/was hiding

B) has complained/starts B) was appearing/hides
C) was complaining/was starting C) has appeared/hid
D) has been complaining/started D) appears/was hiding
E) complains/has been starting E) is appearing/has hidden
130- I ---- my job soon because the stress ---- 137- The coach driver ---- into the restaurant just
unbearable. as I ---- hungry.
A) have quit/became A) has pulled/have been getting

B) was quitting/becomes B) has been pulling/got
C) quit/becomes C) pulls/was getting
D) have quit/is becoming D) is pulling/have got
E) am quitting/has become E) pulled/was getting
131- These research findings ---- that people ---- 138- Marcus ---- Michelle all evening about her
baby wet wipes for all sorts of purposes new boyfriend, but so far, she ---- him upset
nowadays. her.
A) have been indicating/were using A) is teasing/wasn't letting

B) have indicated/have used B) has been teasing/hasn't let
C) were indicating/used C) teases/hasn't been letting
D) indicate/are using D) was teasing/doesn't let
E) are indicating/have been using E) teased/isn't letting
11
139- I ---- the toast while I ---- the morning paper. 146- At the moment, the British team ---- well, but
they ---- a gold medal yet.
A) burnt/was reading
B) was burning/read A) play/don't secure
C) have burnt/am reading B) were playing/weren't securing
D) burn/have read C) are playing/haven't secured
E) am burning/was reading D) have been playing/don't secure
E) played/aren't securing
140- Unemployment figures ---- since the
government ---- the new employment 147- Yesterday afternoon, the manager ---- to
strategy. Malcolm about his rude behaviour, and since
then, he ---- to his colleagues more politely.
A) fall/has introduced
B) have fallen/introduces A) has spoken/spoke
C) have been falling/introduced B) spoke/has been speaking
D) are falling/was introducing C) was speaking/is speaking
E) were falling/is introducing D) spoke/speaks
E) has been speaking/was speaking
141- Even though I ---- New York before, I ---- a lot
about it from seeing it in films. 148- After almost 500 years of Portuguese rule,
Angola ---- an independent nation in 1975.
A) didn't see/have known
B) wasn't seeing/knew A) became
C) am not seeing/knew B) has become
D) don't see/have known C) is becoming
E) haven't seen/know D) becomes
E) has been becoming
142- She ---- weight because she ---- to work
anymore. 149- During the 1970s, police departments ----
experimenting with hypnosis as a means of
A) was gaining/hasn't walked interviewing witnesses, and so far, it ----
B) is gaining/doesn't walk effective in getting witnesses to give
C) has gained/didn't walk accurate descriptions of criminals in a
D) gains/hasn't been walking number of cases.
E) gained/hasn't walked
A) are beginning/proved
143- Since the management training conference B) were beginning/proves
she ---- a few months ago, Sarah ---- a lot of C) began/has proved
confidence. D) have begun/was proving
E) begin/is proving
A) has been attending/was gaining
B) is attending/gains 150- Generally, parents who ---- their children
C) attends/gained with schoolwork ---- them the best
D) was attending/is gaining opportunity to succeed in life.
E) attended/has gained
A) don't encourage/aren't giving
144- Over 1,000 people on both sides ---- since B) haven't encouraged/don't give
peace talks ---- down. C) weren't encouraging/haven't been giving
D) didn't encourage/aren't giving
A) are dying/are breaking E) haven't been encouraging/didn't give
B) have died/broke
C) have been dying/are breaking 151- My aunt ---- the family business on her own
D) die/have been breaking since she ---- her husband in a car crash two
E) died/have broken years ago.
145- I ---- the unusual sport of curling on the A) was running/has lost
sports channel for the last half hour, but I ---- B) has run/was losing
out the rules of the game fully yet. C) has been running/lost
D) ran/has been losing
A) watched/am not working E) is running/loses
B) watch/didn't work
C) was watching/didn't work
D) am watching/wasn't working
E) have been watching/haven't worked
12
152- As soon as father ---- mowing the grass, we 158- I think your daughter ---- in the sun
---- the garden furniture outside for the 5 for far too long. Look how bright red her face
o'clock tea. ----.
A) finishes/have taken A) was lying/has been

B) has finished/took B) lies/is being
C) was finishing/have taken C) is lying/was
D) is finishing/take D) has been lying/is
E) finished/took E) has lain/was being
153- For the last week, the government ---- 159- Although he is well over 60, our next-door
lowering the tax rates, but they ---- any neighbour ---- for an hour every day even
decisions yet. when it ----.
A) discuss/weren't taking A) walks/is raining

B) discussed/don't take B) is walking/rains
C) were discussing/aren't taking C) walked/has been raining
D) have been discussing/haven't taken D) has walked/rained
E) are discussing/didn't take E) was walking/has rained
154- As we ---- at the hospital for the results of my 160- Whenever I hear this song playing on TV, I
mother's blood tests, we ---- more and more ---- the holiday we ---- in Paris years ago.
nervous.
A) am remembering/are spending
A) are waiting/were growing B) remembered/have spent
B) were waiting/have grown C) have remembered/were spending
C) have waited/grow D) was remembering/spend
D) waited/grew E) remember/spent
E) wait/have been growing
161- I ---- no doubt that she's the best person for
155- Up to now, the authorities ---- any the job as she ---- with disabled children for
satisfactory explanations about the accident over ten years now.
at the power plant.
A) am having/worked
A) haven't made B) have/has been working
B) don't make C) had/is working
C) aren't making D) was having/works
D) didn't make E) have had/was working
E) weren't making
162- My brother ---- these photos with his
156- Marcus ---- the meeting several minutes expensive camera, but they ---- any better
before the others, because he ---- the last than mine.
bus home.
A) takes/aren't looking
A) was leaving/has been catching B) has taken/weren't looking
B) left/had to catch C) was taking/haven't looked
C) has left/was catching D) took/don't look
D) is leaving/caught E) is taking/didn't look
E) leaves/has caught
163- When the only factory in the region ----
157- He ---- the back of his trousers while he ---- down, its employees ---- for work elsewhere.
down to do up his shoelaces.
A) closed/had to look
A) splits/has been bending B) has closed/looked
B) was splitting/has bent C) was closing/have looked
C) split/was bending D) is closing/were looking
D) is splitting/bends E) closes/have been looking
E) has split/bent
13
164- Even though Liz ---- a lot more money than 171- Since ancient times, humans ---- sponges for
all of us, she ---- a more modest life than a variety of purposes.
most of us.
A) have been using
A) was having/led B) are using
B) is having/has led C) were using
C) has/leads D) use
D) has had/was leading E) used
E) had/is leading
172- The last time I ---- to Linda, she ---- about
165- She ---- up and down in the office all day. Do whether to take the position in her father's
you know what ---- her? company or not.
A) has been walking/is troubling A) speak/has been thinking

B) walked/troubles B) spoke/was thinking
C) is walking/troubled C) was speaking/has thought
D) walks/has been troubling D) have spoken/thought
E) was walking/has troubled E) am speaking/is thinking
166- It ---- more than two months since we ---- for 173- The tension in both countries ----
a new telephone line. considerably after the negotiations ---- to an
end abruptly.
A) is being/apply
B) is/are applying A) was rising/were coming
C) was/have applied B) rises/have come
D) has been/applied C) is rising/came
E) was/were applying D) has risen/are coming
E) rose/came
167- On the whole, the weather ---- quite nice so
far this summer, unlike last year, when it ---- 174- Just a few decades ago, inflation ---- a big
unbearably hot and humid at times. problem in the country, but during the past
ten years, there ---- almost no change in
A) was being/has got prices.
B) was/was getting
C) is/is getting A) is/is being
D) is being/gets B) has been/is
E) has been/got C) was/has been
D) was being/was
168- Tim and Larry ---- to each other since they ---- E) is being/has been
that horrible quarrel at Lisa's party last month.
175- At last, the police ---- the hooligans who ----
A) don't speak/are having the seats of the stadium last week.
B) aren't speaking/have had
C) didn't speak/have been having A) caught/have been damaging
D) weren't speaking/were having B) are catching/have damaged
E) haven't spoken/had C) have caught/damaged
D) were catching/damage
169- The child ---- home for school at around 8.30 E) catch/are damaging
this morning and nobody ---- from him since
then. 176- Look how slim Miranda is! Apparently, she
---- her physique to the walks she ----
A) is leaving/is hearing regularly every morning.
B) has left/hears
C) left/has heard A) has owed/took
D) was leaving/heard B) owed/was taking
E) leaves/was hearing C) has owed/is taking
D) owed/has been taking
170- On average, over one thousand people ---- E) owes/takes
this museum daily, and each person ---- at
least a few hours to see its rare artefacts.
A) were visiting/is spending

B) visit/spends
C) have visited/spent
D) visited/has spent
E) are visiting/was spending
14
177- I'm sure she ---- a mistake when she ---- us 184- Do you know if Eren ---- to Ankara next week
the directions, and now we seem to be in the by bus or by train?
middle of nowhere.
A) travelled
A) made/was giving B) travels
B) was making/has given C) has travelled
C) has made/gave D) was travelling
D) makes/has been giving E) is travelling
E) is making/is giving
185- Look, the flowers we ---- just yesterday ----
178- Richard ---- about his achievements all the already. Obviously, the florist has cheated
time, and it ---- to get on my nerves really. us.
A) is boasting/began A) bought/wilt
B) boasts/is beginning B) have bought/wilted
C) boasted/begins C) were buying/have wilted
D) has been boasting/was beginning D) bought/are wilting
E) was boasting/has begun E) have bought/were wilting
179- Recent reports clearly show that the cost of 186- Nowadays, farmers ---- a lot of artificial
living ---- considerably since last year. fertilizers to enhance the fertility of the soil,
but more and more people ---- to buy
A) is falling produce grown organically.
B) has fallen
C) fell A) use/have preferred
D) falls B) have used/preferred
E) was falling C) are using/prefer
D) used/were preferring
180- And Mr. Simpson, what ---- at exactly 4 p.m. E) were using/are preferring
last Tuesday, the time of the crime?
187- We ---- so many times recently that some
A) were you doing pieces of our furniture ---- to come apart
B) have you been doing because of the harsh handling of the
C) do you do removals men.
D) have you done
E) are you doing A) are moving/have begun
B) have moved/are beginning
181- Miriam ---- happy in her new job at first, but C) moved/were beginning
she ---- to enjoy it now. D) have been moving/begin
E) were moving/began
A) isn't being/has begun
B) wasn't being/begins 188- During the trip, the tour company ---- most of
C) hasn't been/began the basic items, so we ---- only a few things
D) isn't/was beginning ourselves.
E) wasn't/is beginning
A) supplied/had to buy
182- When he ---- consciousness after the B) was supplying/have bought
accident, it ---- him several minutes to realize C) has supplied/could buy
where he was. D) is supplying/were buying
E) supplies/buy
A) regained/took
B) has regained/takes 189- The voice of the man who ---- this
C) is regaining/has taken documentary ---- very familiar to me, but I
D) was regaining/was taking can't remember his name.
E) regains/is taking
A) narrated/is sounding
183- My grandmother ---- such a large house that B) narrates/sounded
she ---- several of her rooms at all for years. C) was narrating/has sounded
D) is narrating/sounds
A) had/wasn't using E) has narrated/was sounding
B) has/hasn't used
C) is having/doesn't use
D) has had/wasn't using
E) was having/didn't use
15
190- This is the third time that you ---- me that 196- Merve ---- English for two years now, and
question in the last half an hour. Why don't she ---- to spend next year in Britain as an
you listen to my answer? au-pair to improve her English.
A) were asking A) has been learning/is planning

B) have been asking B) learnt/has been planning
C) ask C) was learning/planned
D) have asked D) is learning/has planned
E) asked E) has learnt/was planning
191- Oh my little! I can see that you ---- hard all 197- Though I ---- in this apartment building for
day. The house, which was in a terrible mess over two years, I ---- many of the residents.
as I ---- this morning, is now spotlessly
clean. A) am living/don't know
B) lived/haven't known
A) were working/was leaving C) was living/didn't know
B) worked/have left D) have been living/don't know
C) have been working/left E) have lived/didn't know
D) work/am leaving
E) are working/have been leaving 198- My mother ---- never ---- fish in her life,
because she finds the smell of seafood
192- As I ---- past the square, thousands of disgusting.
demonstrators ---- there to protest about the
recent changes in the Labour Law. A) was/eating
B) is/eating
A) drive/have been gathering C) has/eaten
B) have driven/are gathering D) did/eat
C) was driving/have gathered E) does/eat
D) have been driving/gather
E) drove/were gathering 199- The lights ---- just as we ---- ready to have
dinner.
193- These days, the residents around here ---- to
use water sparingly,because there ---- a A) are going out/have got
severe water shortage in the region recently. B) have gone out/got
C) were going out/have got
A) were trying/has been D) go out/have been getting
B) tried/was being E) went out/were getting
C) have tried/was
D) are trying/has been 200- They ---- the meeting this afternoon, so you
E) try/is ---- just a few hours in which to finish this
report.
194- The car ---- down without warning while I ----
to the office hurriedly this morning. A) are holding/have
B) hold/are having
A) breaks/have driven C) have been holding/had
B) broke/was driving D) were holding/have had
C) has broken/am driving E) held/were having
D) is breaking/have been driving
E) was breaking/drove 201- While you ---- yourself in Spain, I ---- to finish
this project here.
195- I ---- a big party for my husband on his
birthday next Sunday, but he ---- anything A) enjoyed/have been struggling
about it yet. B) were enjoying/was struggling
C) have enjoyed/struggled
A) have been organizing/didn't know D) have been enjoying/struggle
B) am organizing/doesn't know E) enjoy/have struggled
C) organized/didn't know
D) have organized/didn't know 202- Do you mind if I ---- the curtains slightly?
E) was organizing/hasn't known The sun ---- directly in my eyes.
A) drew/was shining
B) draw/is shining
C) have drawn/shone
D) am drawing/shines
E) was drawing/has shone
16
203- I can always tell when my son ---- because 210- He ---- quite a long way from the shore when
he ---- to speak with a stammer. he ---- cramp in his leg.
A) lied/was beginning A) has been swimming/develops

B) lies/has begun B) has swum/is developing
C) is lying/begins C) is swimming/has developed
D) has lied/is beginning D) swam/was developing
E) was lying/began E) was swimming/developed
204- Will it be too late if I ---- you my opinion 211- I ---- quite shy in high school, but since then
tomorrow? I ---- an opportunity to study your I ---- much more comfortable around people.
proposal in detail yet.
A) am being/am becoming
A) give/haven't had B) was being/became
B) am giving/didn't have C) have been/become
C) gave/wasn't having D) was/have become
D) have given/don't have E) am/was becoming
E) was giving/am not having
212- While Elif ---- in the hammock in the garden,
205- It ---- to me that the player who ---- the first her husband ---- the plants.
goal was in the offside position at the time.
A) was sleeping/was watering
A) seems/was scoring B) slept/has been watering
B) seemed/has been scoring C) has slept/is watering
C) has seemed/has scored D) sleeps/has watered
D) seems/scored E) has been sleeping/watered
E) seemed/is scoring
213- Almost all urban street gangs in the United
206- My mother is so worried because she ---- on States ---- distinctively coloured clothing and
six kilos since she ---- up smoking. ---- special hand signals to show their gang
connections.
A) put/has given
B) puts/is giving A) are wearing/used
C) was putting/was giving B) wore/have been using
D) has put/gave C) wear/use
E) has been putting/gives D) wore/have used
E) were wearing/are using
207- This tradition, which the people of the region
---- for centuries, is now falling into 214- The doctor ---- this medicine only last
disfavour. Thursday, and already it ---- to show some
positive results.
A) were following
B) followed A) has prescribed/is beginning
C) are following B) prescribed/has begun
D) follow C) was prescribing/begins
E) have been following D) prescribes/begins
E) was prescribing/began
208- Eventually, the teacher asked Peter to leave
the class, because he ---- the students sitting 215- Monica still ---- smoking, although she ---- to
close to him. do so for almost five years.
A) has teased A) wasn't quitting/tried

B) has been teasing B) isn't quitting/tries
C) was teasing C) doesn't quit/was trying
D) is teasing D) hasn't been quitting/is trying
E) teases E) hasn't quit/has been trying
209- The minute the car ---- into the barrier, oil ---- 216- Buddhism ---- on the Indian subcontinent in
to pour out of its tank. the 6th century BC, but the number of its
followers ---- steadily there ever since.
A) crashes/is beginning
B) crashed/began A) was originating/decreased
C) is crashing/begins B) has originated/has decreased
D) has crashed/was beginning C) originates/is decreasing
E) was crashing/has begun D) originated/has been decreasing
E) is originating/decreases
17
217- David ---- some wine on my new dress while 223- Over the past few weeks, my brother ---- a
we ---- dinner at the restaurant last night. course in Aikido, but he ---- very hard at it.
A) was spilling/have A) took/hasn't been working

B) spilt/were having B) is taking/isn't working
C) was spilling/had C) takes/doesn't work
D) has spilt/were having D) has been taking/doesn't work
E) has been spilling/have had E) is taking/didn't work
218- As I ---- my hometown in nearly 20 years, I'm 224- Because of my job, I ---- for a long time, but I
sure that many things ---- there in the ---- forward to travelling again after
meantime. retirement.
A) don't visit/are changing A) didn't travel/look

B) didn't visit/changed B) haven't been travelling/looked
C) haven't visited/have changed C) haven't travelled/am looking
D) am not visiting/change D) don't travel/am looking
E) wasn't visiting/have been changing E) am not travelling/was looking
219- The environment ---- with each day, but 225- They ---- up their house for the past few
people's attitudes towards the environment days, but it still ---- quite messy.
---- worse.
A) have been tidying/looks
A) deteriorated/have got B) tidy/is looking
B) deteriorates/were getting C) have tidied/looks
C) has deteriorated/get D) have been tidying/looked
D) has been deteriorating/got E) tidy/looked
E) is deteriorating/are getting
226- Haiti ---- the second country in the Western
220- Unfortunately, while I ---- on the telephone, Hemisphere to gain independence, in 1804,
the mushrooms ---- in the oven. and it ---- independent ever since.
A) have been chatting/burn A) was/has remained

B) was chatting/burnt B) is/remains
C) have been chatting/were burning C) has been/is remaining
D) chatted/are burning D) was/remained
E) have chatted/have burnt E) is/has been remaining
221- The Cajun culture of Louisiana ---- when the 227- Many people ---- that Scotch whisky is the
British government ---- French Canadians best; but personally I ---- Irish whiskey is
from the colony of Acadia in the 18th much better.
century.
A) are believing/think
A) began/expelled B) believe/am thinking
B) is beginning/expels C) believed/thought
C) has begun/was expelling D) believe/think
D) was beginning/has expelled E) have believed/was thinking
E) begins/expelled
228- When the teacher ---- at the students angrily,
222- At the time, the Acadians ---- the French they all ---- down.
language, and many of the Louisiana Cajuns
---- French for daily communication even A) shouts/are quieting
today. B) shouted/quieted
C) was shouting/were quieting
A) were speaking/have used D) has shouted/quieted
B) have spoken/use E) is shouting/have quieted
C) spoke/have been using
D) have been speaking/are using 229- So far this spring, there ---- much rain, but
E) spoke/use last spring it ---- almost every day.
A) isn't/was raining
B) wasn't/rained
C) isn't/has been raining
D) hasn't been/rained
E) wasn't/has rained
18
230- The great American novelist Thomas 236- Since Laika's death, scientists ---- many
Pynchon ---- a picture of himself since the other animals into space because studying
1950s, so today very few of his fans or the animals while in orbit ---- them to carry
critics ---- him by sight. out many useful experiments.
A) hasn't released/have known A) send/was allowing

B) isn't releasing/know B) have sent/allows
C) doesn't release/knew C) are sending/is allowing
D) hasn't released/know D) have been sending/allowed
E) didn't release/knew E) sent/has been allowing
231- At about this time yesterday, I ---- my driving 237- Although the teacher ---- late to class
test; today's so much better, because now I sometimes, none of the students ---- to
---- at home in front of the TV. report her tardiness to the school's
principal.
A) took/relax
B) have taken/have been relaxing A) is arriving/plans
C) was taking/am relaxing B) has arrived/planned
D) have been taking/have relaxed C) arrived/has planned
E) take/relaxed D) has arrived/was planning
E) arrives/is planning
232- It's more than an hour that I ----; here, and
she still ---- . I wonder if there's a problem of 238- As a teenager, my brother always ---- the
some kind. same tune when he ---- a shower.
A) am waiting/isn't arriving A) was whistling/has taken

B) have waited/didn't arrive B) whistles/takes
C) have been waiting/hasn't arrived C) whistled/has been taking
D) waited/wasn't arriving D) have whistled/was taking
E) wait/doesn't arrive E) whistled/was taking
233- The train ---- Chicago at six in the morning 239- I ---- James Joyce's difficult novel Finnegans
and ---- in Wichita about twelve hours later. Wake for several months, but I ---- only a few
chapters so far.
A) leaves/arrives
B) left/has arrived A) have read/am finishing
C) leaves/is arriving B) read/finish
D) is leaving/arrives C) am reading/was finishing
E) has left/arrived D) have been reading/have finished
E) read/finished
234- On November 3, 1957, the Soviet Union ----
Laika, a female dog, into space in an artificial 240- Even though he ---- newspapers very often,
satellite; she ---- for nearly a week, until the he ---- the evening news on television almost
depletion of her air supply. every day for the past ten years.
A) has launched/was surviving A) hasn't read/watched

B) launched/survived B) doesn't read/has been watching
C) launches/is surviving C) wasn't reading/was watching
D) has been launching/has survived D) didn't read/watched
E) was launching/has been surviving E) isn't reading/watches
235- While Laika ---- the Earth in the spacecraft, 241- With the inflation level so high, most people
Soviet scientists on the ground ---- her ---- a difficult time making ends meet these
breathing, heartbeat and blood pressure to days, and even the rich ---- about their
determine the possible effects of space financial status.
travel on humans.
A) have/have worried
A) has orbited/monitored B) have had/worried
B) orbited/have monitored C) are having/are worrying
C) was orbiting/were monitoring D) had/were worrying
D) orbits/are monitoring E) were having/worry
E) has been orbiting/monitor
19
242- Last weekend, we ---- a picnic on Büyükada. 248- Anne ---- increasingly dissatisfied with her
We enjoyed ourselves so much there that, life, and I seriously believe that she ---- to do
next weekend, we ---- there again. something to change it.
A) had/are going A) has been growing/needed

B) were having/go B) grew/has needed
C) had/go C) is growing/needed
D) have had/are going D) has grown/has needed
E) were having/have gone E) is growing/needs
243- While Brandon ---- into the house late last 249- You ---- very silly, Henry. I ---- few people of
night, his parents ---- very soundly in bed. your age behaving like that.
A) sneaked/have been sleeping A) are being/have seen

B) was sneaking/have slept B) were/am seeing
C) sneaked/have slept C) have been/was seeing
D) has sneaked/slept D) were being/have been seeing
E) was sneaking/were sleeping E) have been being/see
244- I ---- this movie three or four times, but until 250- Modern advertising and fashion too often ----
now I ---- the director's name. the ideal woman as extremely slim, but this
image ---- a dangerous contribution to the
A) have seen/didn't know growing number of anorexic and bulimic
B) saw/haven't known girls in recent years.
C) see/don't know
D) have seen/don't know A) present/made
E) saw/didn't know B) presented/was making
C) are presenting/is making
245- Few people ---- the name Heinrich D) present/has made
Schliemann today, but in his time he ---- E) have presented/makes
worldwide fame for discovering the ruins of
the ancient city of Troy.
A) were remembering/gained
B) have remembered/was gaining
C) remember/gained
D) remembered/gained
E) remember/has gained
246- Steve ---- in İstanbul since the year 2001,

when he ---- here from Hull, an industrial city
in north eastern England.
A) has been living/was moving

B) has lived/moved
C) is living/moved
D) lived/was moving
E) has lived/moves
247- The French poet Arthur Rimbaud ---- to write

poetry in his early teens and ---- at the age of
nineteen.
A) was beginning/stopped
B) began/stopped
C) began/was stopping
D) has begun/stops
E) was beginning/has stopped
20
251- Bob ---- with us tonight as he ---- an 257- Up until the tap water ---- back on yesterday
appointment with the dentist. evening, we ---- water back and forth for
three days.
A) won't have trained/is making
B) hasn't trained/was making A) came/had been carrying
C) hadn't trained/made B) has come/have been carrying
D) doesn't train/makes C) had come/were carrying
E) isn't going to train/has made D) was coming/will have been carrying
E) is coming/will have carried
252- We ---- football for two hours and ---- to a
restaurant for a meal, afterwards. 258- The neighbours ---- so loudly last night that
they ---- us all awake until after midnight.
A) are playing/go
B) play/are going A) are shouting/are keeping
C) played/went B) have been shouting/were keeping
D) have played/were going C) shouted/have been keeping
E) have been playing/had gone D) have shouted/had kept
E) were shouting/kept
253- Environmental pollution ---- ever since
people ---- to congregate in towns and cities. 259- Man's use of pictures to tell stories and to
record experiences ---- in prehistoric times,
A) will have existed/are beginning when he ---- on the walls of caves.
B) exists/have begun
C) had existed/were beginning A) was beginning/has drawn
D) has existed/began B) began/drew
E) will exist/begin C) begins/will have drawn
D) has begun/was drawing
254- I have heard that you ---- about the boys all E) had begun/draw
day, so I just rang to tell you that Matthew
---- from a payphone a couple of hours ago 260- My team ---- a match for a month, so
and they are both fine. The weather is fine currently the manager ---- resigning if they
and they'll be home on Sunday evening. lose one more match.
A) had been worrying/will phone A) doesn't win/considers

B) have been worrying/phoned B) isn't winning/was considering
C) will be worrying/had phoned C) hasn't won/is considering
D) are worrying/is going to phone D) hadn't won/will have considered
E) were worrying/phones E) wasn't winning/will consider
255- Although he ---- the first round in record 261- My brother ---- past the post office every
time, he ---- in the second, and so finished morning and I ---- him all week to post a
tenth overall. letter for me, but he keeps forgetting, so I'm
going to post it myself tomorrow.
A) finishes/is slipping
B) had been finishing/was slipping A) will be going/ask
C) will have finished/slips B) will go/am asking
D) had finished/slipped C) goes/have been asking
E) was finishing/has slipped D) is going/will ask
E) has been going/had asked
256- The petrol warning light ---- for half an hour
before we ---- a petrol station. 262- The football team that ---- last year's
championship ---- little chance of winning it
A) had been flashing/reached again this year.
B) is going to flash/will reach
C) flashed/have reached A) was winning/stood
D) flashes/will be reaching B) was going to win/stand
E) was flashing/were reaching C) has won/has stood
D) had won/was standing
E) won/stands
21
263- Freedom of the press ---- an issue between 269- On my friend's farm they ---- an alarm clock
people and their governments since the time because the cockerel---- at five o'clock every
individuals ---- newspapers independent of morning without fail.
government control for the first time.
A) don't need/crows
A) is/are publishing B) haven't needed/was crowing
B) will have been/publish C) won't have needed/has crowed
C) had been/were publishing D) won't need/is crowing
D) has been/published E) didn't need/will crow
E) was/have published
270- The Continental Congress ---- the US Postal
264- The hikers ---- so tired by the time they ---- Service in 1775 and the first federal
the top of the hill that I'm sure they'll first government ---- the service in the
want to sit down for a rest. Constitution.
A) will have got/reach A) was founding/has included

B) are getting/will have reached B) had founded/includes
C) had got/reached C) has founded/is including
D) have got/are reaching D) was going to found/will include
E) were getting/had reached E) founded/included
265- When the young scouts ---- the top of the 271- Look, the conservation volunteers ----
hill, they ---- for more than an hour. cheerfully in the sunshine all morning, unlike
yesterday, when they ---- to work in the rain.
A) reached/have been walking
B) reach/will have been walking A) worked/are refusing
C) will have reached/are walking B) are working/refused
D) had reached/were walking C) will be working/have refused
E) have reached/will be walking D) have been working/were refusing
E) will have worked/had refused
266- Modern exploration of the undersea world
had its beginnings in June 1943, when 272- A: Is that your pure wool pullover in the
Jacques Cousteau ---- his first dive with a washing machine? It ----, you know!
revolutionary breathing device which he ---- B: No, I ---- it several times in the machine
with Emile Gagnan, a French engineer. already. I use the wool cycle and it's fine.
A) was making/has developed A) was shrinking/wash

B) had made/will have developed B) has shrunk/had washed
C) has made/was developing C) will shrink/washed
D) will have made/develops D) is going to shrink/have washed
E) made/had developed E) is shrinking/have been washing
267- She says that she ---- the eight o'clock train 273- The weather conditions ---- throughout the
tomorrow, but I'm sure she ---- it, as usual. day and now the ground officials are
confident that the championship game ----
A) is catching/is missing ahead.
B) has caught/misses
C) will have caught/has missed A) have been improving/will go
D) is going to catch/will miss B) will be improving/is going
E) was catching/missed C) have improved/was going
D) are improving/has gone
268- The fishermen ---- more fish in one night E) improved/went
than ever before, so when they anchored in
the harbour, they ---- with joy at the thought 274- Some of us will be needed tomorrow to
of their reward. finish the fence because, at this rate, two
sections ---- unfinished when we ---- work
A) had been catching/will sing tonight.
B) will have caught/sang
C) had caught/were singing A) have remained/stopped
D) caught/have been singing B) will have remained/were stopping
E) have caught/will be singing C) are going to remain/will stop
D) are remaining/are stopping
E) will remain/stop
22
275- Decoupage, an art form that ---- in France 281- Suddenly it ---- very foggy, so we ----
during the 17th century, ---- cutting out compass bearings to find the right route
designs arid patterned materials and down the mountain.
fastening them permanently to a surface.
A) will become/use
A) has originated/will involve B) had become/used
B) originated/involves C) became/are using
C) was originating/is involving D) becomes/will use
D) will have originated/involved E) has become/had used
E) is originating/was involving
282- We're looking after our neighbour's dog as
276- They ---- so many hotels in the region in well as our own and it ---- two kilos of meat a
recent years that gradually they ---- the day, so I ---- dog meat in bulk these days.
natural beauty of the area.
A) is eating/bought
A) were building/destroy B) ate/have bought
B) will build/have been destroying C) was eating/have been buying
C) have built/are destroying D) eats/am buying
D) are building/have destroyed E) will have eaten/had bought
E) have been building/destroyed
283- By the end of this court session, the jury ----
277- After she ---- to me for the fifth time, I ---- all the witnesses and they ---- the courtroom
another word she said, and put an end to our to decide on a verdict.
friendship.
A) have been hearing/have left
A) has lied/don't believe B) had heard/are leaving
B) has been lying/won't believe C) are hearing/leave
C) was lying/haven't believed D) hear/left
D) is lying/hadn't believed E) will have heard/will leave
E) had lied/didn't believe
284- I feel certain that her new travel agency ----
278- Since they ---- part in their first conservation because she ---- a thorough market survey.
volunteer week, they ---- on several projects
with great pleasure. A) is succeeding/will do
B) has succeeded/will have done
A) are taking/worked C) will succeed/has done
B) take/will have worked D) was succeeding/is doing
C) are going to take/are working E) succeeded/has been doing
D) took/have worked
E) have been taking/work 285- When Chilean separatist forces ---- an
independent Chile in 1818, the vice-royalty of
279- Asia ---- the world's largest land mass and Peru ---- over Chile for almost three
---- just over half of the world's people. centuries.
A) has had/held A) declared/had been ruling

B) is having/is holding B) has declared/was ruling
C) has/holds C) was declaring/has been ruling
D) was having/was holding D) is declaring/ruled
E) has been having/will hold E) had declared/will have ruled
280- I ---- to the bank during my lunch-break 286- I ---- some chicken curry earlier and ----
today, but an old colleague ---- to visit us, so, Richard and Kate to stay for dinner, but just
naturally, I wanted to hear all the news. then I remembered that they were both
vegetarian.
A) was going to go/came
B) went/is coming A) was going to cook/have asked
C) have gone/was coming B) had been cooking/will ask
D) had gone/has come C) cooked/will have asked
E) am going to go/comes D) had cooked/was going to ask
E) have cooked/had asked
23
287- I expect you ---- from school by this time 293- Some of the workers ---- the peaches while
next year and ---- for a job. the others ---- them in wooden boxes.
A) have graduated/will have looked A) are picking/will place

B) are graduating/have been looking B) were picking/were placing
C) will have graduated/will be looking C) have been picking/placed
D) graduate/will have been looking D) picked/have been placing
E) were graduating/are going to look E) had been picking/have placed
288- Our Spanish teacher ---- very slowly and 294- Although manufacturers ---- electric cars as
clearly to us at the moment because we ---- prototypes for a number of years now, it'll be
very far in the language yet. a long time before they ---- common.
A) talks/aren't progressing A) produced/are becoming

B) is talking/haven't progressed B) have been producing/become
C) was talking/didn't progress C) produce/will become
D) has been talking/weren't progressing D) are producing/became
E) will be talking/don't progress E) were producing/will have become
289- Before the potato blight ---- Ireland in the 295- Between 1607 and 1733, Englishmen----
1840s, most Irish people ---- on a thirteen colonies along the east coast of
subsistence diet of potatoes. North America and by 1750 nearly two
million men, women and children ---- in these
A) was striking/relied colonies.
B) has struck/relies
C) had struck/has relied A) were establishing/will be living
D) strikes/will rely B) have been establishing/lived
E) struck/had relied C) established/were living
D) had established/will have lived
290- Between the years 1846 and 1851, one E) have established/had lived
million Irish men and women ---- to death
and 1.6 million ---- to the USA. 296- I ---- some wood for the fire while you ---- the
salad.
A) had been starving/have emigrated
B) have been starving/emigrate A) will fetch/prepare
C) were starving/were emigrating B) fetch/are preparing
D) starved/emigrated C) am fetching/will prepare
E) had starved/will have emigrated D) have fetched/prepared
E) was fetching/have prepared
291- Bangladesh ---- independence from Pakistan
in 1971 and ever since the assassination of 297- By the 16th century, Austria ---- so large that
its first prime minister in 1974, the military its emperor ---- all of modern Austria,
---- the country's government. Belgium, the Netherlands, Czechoslovakia,
Hungary and Spain as well as parts of Italy
A) has gained/were dominating and Yugoslavia.
B) had gained/are dominating
C) gained/have dominated A) has become/ruled
D) was gaining/dominate B) was becoming/has ruled
E) gains/have been dominating C) was going to become/rule
D) had become/was ruling
292- Over recent years, alcoholism ---- a leading E) becomes/has been ruling
cause of death in the young adult population
in the USA. This statistic ---- deaths from 298- The earthworm, which ---- neither lungs nor
drunken driving and fires started by gills, ---- through its skin.
carelessly dropped cigarettes.
A) is having/has breathed
A) became/was including B) has had/is breathing
B) becomes/included C) was having/breathed
C) was becoming/will include D) will have/was breathing
D) is becoming/is including E) has/breathes
E) has become/includes
24
299- The athletes ---- for exactly three months by 305- I ---- the potatoes while you ---- the leeks for
the time the races ---- due to start. the soup.
A) have been training/will be A) peeled/will be chopping

B) will have been training/are B) will have peeled/have chopped
C) are going to train/will have been C) was peeling/had chopped
D) are training/were D) peel/will have chopped
E) had trained/have been E) will peel/chop
300- Adolescence, the process of changing from 306- For the past 24 hours, a tropical storm ----
a child into an adult, usually ---- sometime the houses of villages in Mozambique, but it
between the ages of 11 and 14, and ---- for is hard to know as yet how much damage it
approximately six to ten years. ---- by the time it has stopped.
A) occurs/continues A) was going to batter/causes

B) occurred/has been continuing B) battered/will have been causing
C) will occur/continued C) has been battering/will have caused
D) occurs/was continuing D) had been battering/has caused
E) occurred/will have continued E) is battering/has been causing
301- Normally, people ---- quickly from the flu, but 307- By 1840, the US Army ---- most Eastern
so far this year many people ---- as a result Indian tribes west of the Mississippi.
of it.
A) will have pushed
A) are recovering/had died B) have pushed
B) had recovered/are going to die C) had pushed
C) have been recovering/die D) pushed
D) recover/have died E) are pushing
E) were recovering/will die
308- For most of the time throughout the picnic, the
302- You ---- for three months by the time you boys ---- football while the girls ---- flowers.
leave for your holiday, so you ---- quite a lot
of weight. A) will play/have been picking
B) are playing/will be picking
A) have been dieting/will be losing C) have played/are picking
B) will have been dieting/will have lost D) were playing/were picking
C) had dieted/lost E) had been playing/have picked
D) were dieting/had lost
E) are going to diet/have lost 309- Over recent years, glue sniffing, which ----
negative effects on both the body and the
303- Carreta turtles ---- their eggs on the beach at mind, ---- a major problem among teenagers.
night and ---- the reflection from the sea to
find their way back to the water. A) has had/is becoming
B) has/has become
A) lay/use C) is going to have/had become
B) were laying/have used D) will have/will have become
C) are going to lay/used E) is having/was becoming
D) laid/are using
E) will lay/had used 310- Chinese merchants ---- trade in Tibet since
1950, when China ---- the country.
304- By the mid 1970s, 'Marks and Spencer' ----
one of the top department stores and they A) dominate/was invading
---- more underwear than any other British B) were dominating/has invaded
company at the time. C) will have dominated/had invaded
D) had dominated/will be invading
A) had become/were selling E) have dominated/invaded
B) is going to become/had sold
C) has become/are selling 311- In 1619, the first African slaves ---- in
D) became/will be selling Virginia, USA, and by 1790, their numbers ----
E) was becoming/will have sold nearly 700,000.
A) were arriving/have been reaching

B) arrived/had reached
C) have arrived/were reaching
D) were going to arrive/reach
E) had arrived/will have reached
25
312- We ---- a lovely view of the Bosphorus and 318- When I ---- the alterations to the company
the bridges over it while the plane ---- over accounts, I was left in no doubt that the
Istanbul. accountant ---- money from the firm.
A) are getting/flies A) saw/had been stealing

B) had got/is flying B) am seeing/has stolen
C) got/was flying C) was seeing/was stealing
D) get/has flown D) have seen/will have stolen
E) are getting/had been flying E) see/steals
313- When they ---- in Sydney Harbor, they ---- 319- According to the doctor, this time next week,
non-stop for three months. I ---- around as normal and the cut on my
foot ---- completely.
A) anchor/will have been sailing
B) were anchoring/sailed A) am walking/healed
C) have anchored/were sailing B) will be walking/will have healed
D) are anchoring/have been sailing C) walked/was healing
E) are going to anchor/have sailed D) have been walking/heals
E) walk/is going to heal
314- According to the new schedule the whole
team have accepted, we ---- every Monday 320- Shadow puppets ---- in China and ---- as far
and Wednesday next term, but I'm sure we as Turkey and Greece today.
---- back to our normal routine of once a
week before long. A) will originate/have been spreading
B) are originating/will be spreading
A) had trained/revert C) originate/had spread
B) train/have reverted D) originated/have spread
C) are training/reverted E) will have originated/were spreading
D) are going to train/will revert
E) have been training/are reverting 321- Over recent years, many skilled craftsmen
and women ---- their jobs in the pottery trade
315- The prospector ran into town in excitement in the UK, but gradually English porcelain ----
because, at last, he ---- some gold at the site its reputation.
which he ---- for months.
A) will have lost/will regain
A) was finding/was panning B) had been losing/has regained
B) will find/is going to pan C) lost/regains
C) will have found/has panned D) are losing/regained
D) had found/had been panning E) have lost/is regaining
E) found/will have panned
322- After she ---- to turn up for our appointment
316- I expect you ---- bored with working at the for the third time, I ---- to meet her again.
Post Office by this time next year and ---- for
a more interesting job. A) is failing/am refusing
B) has failed/had refused
A) have become/will have looked C) was failing/will refuse
B) were becoming/are going to look D) had been failing/have refused
C) become/will look E) had failed/refused
D) will become/are looking
E) will have become/will be looking 323- Since I took part in my first debating match, I
---- a member of the debating club, which I
317- Listen! The coach ---- the strengths of our ---- most weekends.
opponents because our team ---- against
them before. A) will have been/have attended
B) have been/attend
A) has explained/weren't playing C) will be/was attending
B) explains/won't play D) am/had been attending
C) is explaining/haven't played E) was/am attending
D) was explaining/don't play
E) will explain/hadn't been playing
26
324- By the first half of the 19th century, the 330- As the police ---- the road, we ---- a time-
potato ---- the staple food in Ireland. In 1854, consuming detour around the mountain.
a disease ---- which resulted in widespread
starvation. A) are closing/were making
B) will close/had made
A) was becoming/has struck C) had closed/made
B) will become/was going to strike D) will have closed/had been making
C) had become/struck E) close/have made
D) was going to become/strikes
E) has become/has struck 331- I ---- some shopping during my lunch break,
but I couldn't as I ---- awful because of my
325- In 1868, the US government ---- 7,000 Navajo cold.
Indians to return to their homeland and,
since then, they ---- the largest and richest A) was going to do/felt
Indian tribe. B) have done/have felt
C) will do/am feeling
A) allowed/have become D) did/was feeling
B) has allowed/are becoming E) do/will have felt
C) was going to allow/will become
D) had allowed/were becoming 332- By the time the work on their house is
E) was allowing/become finished, they ---- the painters, decorators
and carpenters a total of £8,000. They ---- a
326- In 1960, only 2,000 American Indians ---- at beautiful new kitchen, though.
university, while in 1970, only a decade later,
this number ---- to 12,000. A) are paying/have had
B) paid/are having
A) are studying/is increasing C) had paid/were having
B) were studying/had increased D) will have paid/will have
C) will be studying/will have increased E) have paid/have
D) studied/will increase
E) had studied/was increasing 333- I feel certain that Greg ---- in his new
business because he ---- so hard all the time.
327- Today, we ---- a lot of tangerines at one
pound per kilo, unlike yesterday, when we A) is succeeding/will work
---- very few customers. B) will succeed/works
C) was succeeding/is going to work
A) were selling/have had D) had succeeded/will be working
B) are selling/had E) has succeeded/had worked
C) had been selling/had had
D) sold/will have had 334- Before Petar Preradovic ---- poems in his native
E) are going to sell/will be having Croatian, he ---- all his poems in German.
328- A: Isn't that your daughter playing outside A) has published/is writing
without a coat on? She ---- a chill. B) is publishing/was writing
B: She has a thermal vest on under her C) published/had written
pullover, but you have a point. I ---- her coat. D) had published/will have written
E) has been publishing/has written
A) was catching/am fetching
B) is catching/fetch 335- I ---- some notes earlier and ---- to them
C) will be catching/have fetched during my presentation. In the event,
D) will catch/will fetch however, I didn't use them once.
E) catches/am going to fetch
A) will have written/will refer
329- The number of orders per week ---- all year B) am going to write/refer
and the sales manager is confident that we C) had written/was going to refer
---- our target. D) wrote/have referred
E) write/will have referred
A) has increased/had been reaching
B) will increase/have been reaching 336- Because of Istanbul's geographical location,
C) increases/reached it ---- a place of trade since civilization ---- .
D) increased/reach
E) has been increasing/will reach A) is/was beginning
B) was/has begun
C) will be/had begun
D) had been/is beginning
E) has been/began
27
337- When Boris Yeltsin ---- on 31st December 343- In 1865, the northern states of the United
1993, he ---- President of Russia for eight States ---- the southern states, which ---- to
years. break away and form a separate nation.
A) had resigned/was A) were defeating/have attempted

B) has resigned/is B) defeated/had attempted
C) will have resigned/will be C) defeat/were attempting
D) resigned/had been D) have defeated/attempted
E) resigns/is being E) had defeated/have been attempting
338- The circumference of a circle ---- 3.14159265 344- Although a number of nuclear power plants
times its diameter no matter how small or ---- safely for years, public concern about the
large it is. potential dangers of nuclear power ---- it
from becoming a major electricity producer.
A) measures
B) measured A) have been operating/has prevented
C) will be measuring B) are operating/prevented
D) had measured C) had operated/will prevent
E) was measuring D) operated/had been preventing
E) were operating/was preventing
339- At present, British farmers ---- to the
government because since the EC lifted the 345- No one ---- in climbing the world's highest
ban on British beef, the French ---- to buy mountain, Everest, before Edmund Hillary
any. and Tenzing Norgay ---- it in 1953.
A) were protesting/refused A) was succeeding/have been doing

B) are protesting/have refused B) succeeded/were doing
C) had protested/were refusing C) has succeeded/have done
D) will protest/refuse D) had succeeded/did
E) protest/will be refusing E) had been succeeding/had done
340- The doctor ---- my dad that his back ---- 346- As late as the 1960s, only a few specialists
better, but there does not seem to have been ---- how to use computers, but now
any improvement to date. computer programming ---- one of the most
popular professions in the world.
A) is telling/got
B) told/gets A) were going to know/becomes
C) toId/would get B) had known/became
D) is telling/used to get C) knew/has become
E) used to tell/is getting D) will have known/will become
E) have known/is becoming
341- Winter, the most unpredictable of all
seasons in İstanbul, sometimes ---- as early 347- Searchers ---- to be confident that they ----
as October and ---- until April. the missing climbers before nightfall.
A) began/has lasted A) are appearing/find

B) will begin/is lasting B) appear/will have found
C) began/will have lasted C) were appearing/are finding
D) begins/was lasting D) will appear/had found
E) begins/lasts E) had appeared/have found
342- People ---- down all the world's rain forests 348- Some people think that robots, which ---- an
before the authorities ---- any action. important role in automobile manufacture
already, ---- most of our physical work for us
A) have cut/took soon.
B) will have cut/take
C) will be cutting/will take A) had played/are doing
D) are cutting/have taken B) played/have done
E) had cut/are taking C) are playing/will be doing
D) were playing/will have done
E) had been playing/do
28
349- Even after colonialism ---- early in the 356- Even Thomas Edison, the inventor of the
second half of the 20th century, many former gramophone, ---- what people ---- it for.
colonies ---- to use the language of their
former rulers. A) didn't know/were going to use
B) hadn't known/are using
A) ended/continued C) wouldn't know/use
B) has ended/were continuing D) hadn't known/used
C) had ended/have been continuing E) doesn't know/had been using
D) was ending/had continued
E) has ended/have continued 357- The United States ---- the world's only super-
power since the Soviet Union ---- in the late
350- I hope the pond ---- over by Christmas, so we 1980s.
can go skating when our cousins ---- to visit.
A) is/has collapsed
A) will be freezing/have come B) was/was collapsing
B) is freezing/are coming C) has been/collapsed
C) had frozen/were coming D) will have been/would collapse
D) has frozen/came E) had been/collapses
E) will have frozen/come
358- Archaeologists ---- under the Dome of the
351- We ---- a new car, but we couldn't because Rock in Jerusalem, but political protests
we ---- how expensive they were. ---- the excavations.
A) were buying/won't realize A) have excavated/will block

B) have bought/don't realize B) were excavating/had been blocking
C) had bought/haven't realized C) excavate/are blocking
D) were going to buy/hadn't realized D) had excavated/will have blocked
E) bought/won't have realized E) were going to excavate/blocked
352- When Cyprus ---- an independent republic in 359- The defendant ---- that he ---- the pub before
1960, it ---- a British colony since 1892. the crime was committed.
A) became/had been A) was swearing/leaves

B) was becoming/has been B) swore/had left
C) has become/was C) swears/will have left
D) had become/was being D) was going to swear/is leaving
E) becomes/will have been E) will be swearing/has left
353- I'm sure you ---- badly in your exams 360- It is final exam time, and the students ---- so
because you ---- hard enough lately. hard that they ---- forward to the vacation.
A) are doing/hadn't studied A) have been working/are looking

B) have done/won't study B) will work/looked
C) will do/haven't been studying C) are working/had been looking
D) do/won't have been studying D) work/have looked
E) did/don't study E) have worked/were looking
354- When the judge ---- to all of the arguments, 361- Prices ---- steadily all year, so I hope that we
he ---- to postpone the hearing until another ---- a pay rise soon.
time.
A) rose/have got
A) was listening/decides B) are rising/got
B) listens/has decided C) have been rising/will get
C) has listened/was deciding D) had risen/get
D) had listened/decided E) were rising/had got
E) will listen/is deciding
362- The first heavier-than-air flight ---- place in
355- We ---- at the traffic lights when the bus ---- 1903, and aeronautics ---- ever since.
into us from behind.
A) was taking/developed
A) were waiting/crashed B) took/has been developing
B) had waited/has crashed C) has taken/will develop
C) waited/was crashing D) had taken/develops
D) have waited/had been crashing E) takes/is developing
E) are waiting/will crash
29
363- Since he ---- the Microsoft Corporation, Bill 369- Ever since slavery ---- in 1863, African
Gates ---- one of the richest men in the Americans ---- for their civil rights.
world.
A) has been ending/were fighting
A) was founding/is becoming B) had ended/are fighting
B) has founded/became C) ended/have been fighting
C) had founded/will become D) was ending/fought
D) founded/has become E) has ended/will have fought
E) is founding/becomes
370- Though Susan ---- some of the best marks in
364- When the reinforcements ----, it was too late; her class last year, it appears that she ----
the enemy ---- their comrades already. most of her courses this year.
A) were arriving/ annihilated A) has got/is failing

B) have arrived/was annihilating B) had been getting/fails
C) arrive/has annihilated C) was getting/had failed
D) had arrived/annihilate D) got/will fail
E) arrived/had annihilated E) has been getting/has failed
365- Because of the recent floods, a large number 371- George ---- to get Sally to marry him for
of people ---- their homes and it seems that years when, finally, she ---- him by saying,
they ---- the winter in tents. "Yes".
A) are losing/have had to spend A) had been trying/surprised

B) lost/were spending B) tried/was surprising
C) lose/have to spend C) has tried/surprises
D) were losing/had spent D) was trying/will be surprising
E) have lost/will have to spend E) will be trying/has surprised
366- It was not until the early 20th century that 372- My friend ---- for an ice hockey team that ----
Henry Ford ---- the automobile through mass only one match this season. It's no wonder
production, though a Frenchman named that he is not very happy there with them.
Nicolas Joseph Cugnot ---- the world's first
self-propelled vehicle as early as 1769. A) was playing/is winning
B) has played/had won
A) was popularising/has invented C) has been playing/wins
B) popularised/had invented D) played/will be winning
C) has popularised/was inventing E) plays/has won
D) had popularised/was inventing
E) popularises/has invented 373- Ferdinand Magellan ---- out to sail around the
world in 1519. Before then, no one ---- to do
367- The steel mill in Youngstown ---- steel since that.
1804 when it ---- down in the 1980s.
A) was setting/has attempted
A) had been making/closed B) has set/was attempting
B) has been making/was closing C) will have set/attempted
C) made/had closed D) had set/will have attempted
D) was going to make/closes E) set/had attempted
E) was making/has closed
374- Though Magellan himself ---- along the way,
368- On the assumption that the Chinese one of his five ships ---- the voyage in 1522.
economy ---- to grow as at present, China ----
the United States as the world's greatest A) had died/has completed
economic superpower by the mid-21st B) died/completed
century. C) was dying/completes
D) dies/is completing
A) continued/has overtaken E) has died/was completing
B) continues/was going to overtake
C) will continue/will have overtaken 375- In the year 2022, it ---- 500 years since that
D) is continuing/overtakes memorable voyage ----.
E) has continued/is overtaking
A) is/has ended
B) has been/was ending
C) will have been/ended
D) had been/ends
E) will be/is ending
30
376- George claims that he ---- a novel for five 383- For the past two days, lava ---- from Mount Etna,
years, but I don't think that he ---- it ever. and some scientists are sure that the volcano ----
more violently soon and are recommending the
A) wrote/is finishing evacuation of local residents.
B) has written/had finished
C) writes/was finishing A) had poured/will have erupted
D) has been writing/will finish B) is going to pour/was erupting
E) will have written/finishes C) has been pouring/will erupt
D) is pouring/has erupted
377- Trains ---- since early in the 19th century and E) will pour/had been erupting
they still ---- one of the best ways of
transportation. 384- By 1959, Mercedes-Benz ---- over 100,000
vehicles and ---- several luxury models.
A) existed/will provide
B) are existing/will be providing A) has sold/has produced
C) were existing/have provided B) had sold/were producing
D) exist/are providing C) was selling/will have produced
E) have existed/provide D) had been selling/produced
E) will have sold/had produced
378- My father ---- forward to retiring for years,
but once he was a retired person, he ---- 385- I ---- the brochures in the envelopes while
bored quickly. Jennifer ---- the labels on, so we can finish
this task before lunchtime.
A) looks/has become
B) was looking/becomes A) will put/puts
C) has been looking/is becoming B) have put/is putting
D) had looked/became C) was putting/has put
E) is looking/will become D) had put/was putting
E) am putting/will put
379- Fred ---- with us anymore because they ----
him to head of the London branch. 386- You ---- all morning. I hope you ---- a cold.
A) won't be working/have appointed A) have sneezed/didn't catch

B) hasn't worked/appointed B) have been sneezing/haven't caught
C) didn't work/are appointing C) are sneezing/won't catch
D) won't have worked/appoint D) will sneeze/aren't catching
E) doesn't work/were appointing E) will have sneezed/don't catch
380- For the last two weeks, Sandra ---- about her 387- It's hard to believe that, after all the
exams so much that her hair ---- out because negotiations, they still ---- a peaceful
of stress. settlement in Northern Ireland.
A) worries/has fallen A) don't achieve

B) has been worrying/is falling B) hadn't been achieving
C) was worrying/had fallen C) weren't achieving
D) is worrying/had been falling D) aren't achieving
E) worried/will have fallen E) haven't achieved
381- For the last hour, I ---- with the different type 388- Since the cloning of a sheep in 1997,
faces, but none is the perfect one for our scientists ---- the risks and advantages of
club poster. cloning endlessly.
A) had experimented A) will be discussing

B) have been experimenting B) were discussing
C) was experimenting C) are discussing
D) will experiment D) discussed
E) am going to experiment E) have discussed
382- While the new recruits ---- the assault 389- He ---- an ambulance on his mobile phone
course, the officers ---- encouragement. already when a local resident ---- to help.
A) are tackling/had shouted A) will be calling/offered

B) were tackling/were shouting B) has called/will offer
C) had been tackling/have shouted C) had called/offered
D) will be tackling/shouted D) has been calling/offers
E) tackle/had been shouting E) called/was offering
31
390- Foreign investment in Chile ---- since 1998 to 396- Probably by this time next year, you ---- tired
£6 billion and economists are predicting that of travelling around and ---- for a stable job
the country ---- rapidly in the future. in your hometown.
A) had doubled/grows A) were/have been looking

B) will double/has grown B) are/will have looked
C) is doubling/has been growing C) will have been/look
D) has doubled/will grow D) have been/are looking
E) has been doubling/is growing E) will be/will be looking
391- Dr Howard Hay ---- the technique of food 397- It seems to me that the woman over there ----
combining in 1911, and since then, it ---- the difficulty in the water. I ---- in to check that
health and weight problems of many. there's no problem.
A) introduced/has cured A) has had/will be diving

B) was introducing/was curing B) had/will have dived
C) has introduced/will cure C) will have/have dived
D) would introduce/cures D) is having/will dive
E) had introduced/will have cured E) was having/am diving
392- By the time they ---- the food I ----, I did not 398- Because my brother ---- the equipment in the
feel very hungry any more. restaurant, he lost everything when the shop
---- down.
A) delivered/had ordered
B) were delivering/have ordered A) wouldn't insure/has burnt
C) deliver/will order B) hasn't been insuring/is burning
D) will have delivered/ordered C) hadn't insured/burnt
E) had delivered/am ordering D) wasn't insuring/was burning
E) didn't insure/will have burnt
393- It was obvious that the receptionist ---- the
Internet because the computer had the 399- My son ---- quite well at school at the
addresses of the web sites he ---- to. moment, but in general, he ---- satisfactorily.
A) is using/will connect A) does/hasn't been performing

B) was using/will have connected B) is doing/doesn't perform
C) has been using/connects C) has done/wasn't performing
D) had been using/had connected D) did/isn't performing
E) will be using/is connecting E) was doing/won't perform
394- According to the new schedule, I ---- on duty 400- The form of diet known as food combining
three weekends next month, so I ---- much of ---- on the principle that our bodies ----
a social life. protein and carbohydrates better separately.
A) was/hadn't had A) works/digest

B) am going to be/won't have B) has worked/are digesting
C) am/haven't had C) was working/will digest
D) will be/hadn't been having D) has been working/will have digested
E) had been/am not having E) had worked/digested
395- Simon jumped for joy when he spotted the 401- Ever since he ---- up smoking, he has been
badger out of its den because, at last, he ---- irritable, so next week, he ---- a thermal
a photograph of this shy nocturnal animal, spring health clinic.
for which he ---- patiently since midnight.
A) is giving/was visiting
A) was taking/had been waiting B) will give/will have visited
B) is taking/was waiting C) gave/is visiting
C) is going to take/has been waiting D) had given/had visited
D) takes/will wait E) has been giving/has visited
E) has taken/is waiting
32
402- Before the invention of the washing 408- Chris and Barbara ---- their own business for
machine, people ---- their clothes by hand. 25 years precisely when they ---- last month.
A) have been washing A) ran/have retired

B) have had to wash B) have run/were retiring
C) had to wash C) have been running/retire
D) will have washed D) had been running/retired
E) have washed E) will be running/will have retired
403- Last month, she ---- laser treatment on her 409- A: Isn't the saucepan handle dangerous
eyes and since then, she ---- wear glasses at sticking out like that? Someone ---- the pan
all. over.
B: You're right. I ---- it onto the back gas
A) would undergo/isn't having to ring.
B) underwent/hasn't had to
C) had undergone/hadn't had to A) has knocked/have moved
D) has undergone/won't have to B) has been knocking/am moving
E) was undergoing/doesn't have to C) will have knocked/move
D) will knock/moved
404- In 1955, Germany ---- NATO; Greece and E) is going to knock/will move
Turkey ---- three years earlier.
410- These new shoes ---- my heel all morning
A) was joining/have joined and by home time, I'm sure I ---- a nasty
B) joined/had joined blister.
C) joins/were going to join
D) has been joining/were joining A) was rubbing/had
E) has joined/joined B) is rubbing/am having
C) had rubbed/was having
405- The use of music in the British Artillery ---- D) have been rubbing/will have
from as far back as the 16th century, but the E) rub/will have had
Orchestra, which ---- nowadays, is based on
the band formed in 1762. 411- Because my sister ---- the flowers in water
soon enough, they ---- the next day.
A) is dating/was playing
B) was dating/is playing A) hadn't put/died
C) dates/plays B) hasn't put/had died
D) will date/will play C) isn't putting/are dying
E) dated/played D) won't be putting/have died
E) won't have put/die
406- 150 years ago, women and children as
young as five ---- in total darkness in coal 412- I ---- chicken for dinner, but it was still
mines in Yorkshire. Of course standards ---- frozen, so we ---- out for pizza instead.
immensely since then, but a coal miner's job
is still a demanding one. A) had cooked/will send
B) will be cooking/have sent
A) were working/improved C) cook/will be sending
B) worked/have improved D) was going to cook/sent
C) had been working/are improving E) have cooked/am sending
D) have worked/improve
E) had worked/will improve 413- I hope, by the beginning of next month, the
director ---- a new administration assistant
407- On several occasions recently, suicide and I also hope he or she ---- more efficient
bombers ---- themselves up in crowded than the last one.
shopping areas. This ---- widespread panic in
the area. A) will be recruiting/has been
B) will have recruited/will be
A) are blowing/causes C) recruits/will have been
B) have blown/has caused D) is recruiting/was
C) blew/is going to cause E) had been recruiting/is
D) had blown/will have caused
E) are going to blow/caused
33
414- I'm sure he ---- you because he is the sort of 420- I ---- a message on Sandra's mobile phone,
person who ---- hard all the time. but I ---- her in the supermarket that
afternoon anyway.
A) doesn't disappoint/will have tried
B) won't have disappointed/had tried A) leave/will encounter
C) isn't disappointing/was trying B) have left/will have encountered
D) won't disappoint/tries C) am leaving/encounter
E) didn't disappoint/is trying D) had left/encountered
E) will be leaving/have encountered
415- He ---- a VW before he ---- it in for a
Mercedes. 421- Purple heather blossom ---- the hills of
Scotland every year from the middle of
A) owns/will trade August until the middle of September, so the
B) is owning/was trading area ---- lots of visitors at this time of year.
C) had owned/traded
D) will own/had traded A) will cover/will receive
E) owned/has traded B) covered/had received
C) had covered/received
416- In 1996, the Indian government ---- foreign D) covers/receives
hotel chains to manage hotels for the first E) is covering/will have received
time, and since then, international chains ----
a threat to the market leaders Oberoi and Taj 422- The leaves ---- off the trees by the time I ----
Hotels. this painting of the view from my garden in
the summer.
A) has allowed/will pose
B) was allowing/had posed A) have fallen/was finishing
C) allowed/have posed B) will have fallen/finish
D) would allow/will have posed C) fall/will be finishing
E) was going to allow/posed D) have fallen/will finish
E) have been falling/finished
417- About this time next month, Sue ---- in the
Figure Skating Championships in 423- Like most of the other girls in town, my
Stockholm, and according to her coach, she mother ---- Riverway Girls' School before it
---- the triple jump by then. ---- down in 1965.
A) will be competing/will have mastered A) has attended/would close

B) was competing/mastered B) attended/will have closed
C) had been competing/has mastered C) was attending/has closed
D) has been competing/had mastered D) had attended/closed
E) will compete/masters E) was attending/was closing
418- Right now, the hospitals ---- for everyone to 424- Although the number of people sleeping on
give blood because, since the terrorist the streets in the UK ---- for years, there are
attack, thousands of injured civilians ---- still many people who ---- in temporary
hospital treatment. hostels because they lack permanent
homes.
A) have called/will be needing
B) are calling/have needed A) has been falling/are sleeping
C) called/will need B) was falling/have slept
D) call/have been needing C) falls/will be sleeping
E) will call/need D) is going to fall/sleep
E) has fallen/were sleeping
419- When we leave for India in two months' time,
we ---- for six months and we hope we ---- 425- No one ---- a heart successfully until
enough money to build a small school in the Christiaan Barnard ---- it in 1967.
village.
A) has transplanted/has achieved
A) have fundraised/raised B) was going to transplant/achieves
B) had been fundraising/will have been raising C) had transplanted/achieved
C) will have been fundraising/will have raised D) transplants/was achieving
D) will fundraise/have been raising E) was transplanting/will have achieved
E) are fundraising/are going to raise
34
426- Although the first heart recipient ---- for only 432- Before the Irish people ---- Christianity in the
18 days, Christiaan Barnard is still 6th century, they ---- human sacrifices to
remembered as the physician who ---- the Celtic gods.
first successful heart transplant on a human.
A) adopted/had practised
A) has survived/will be performing B) adopt/were practising
B) survives/had performed C) have adopted/would be practising
C) was surviving/would perform D) had adopted/have practised
D) had been surviving/has performed E) have been adopting/practise
E) survived/performed
433- I'm sure they ---- you for the team because
427- I'm sure Mum ---- down by the time our your performance ---- continually lately.
guests ---- .
A) select/has improved
A) will have calmed/arrive B) will select/has been improving
B) has calmed/are arriving C) are going to select/will improve
C) is going to calm/were arriving D) have selected/improves
D) was calming/have arrived E) had selected/is improving
E) calms/will have arrived
434- When the police ---- all the evidence, they
428- Right now, cattle and sheep farmers in UK ---- to arrest the main suspect.
---- from all the consequences of measures
against the mad-cow disease, but the A) examine/are deciding
Minister of Agriculture is confident that they B) will examine/have decided
---- as normal during the winter months. C) will have examined/decide
D) had examined/decided
A) have suffered/were farming E) had been examining/will decide
B) had been suffering/have farmed
C) are suffering/will be farming 435- She ---- out of her driveway without looking
D) are going to suffer/will farm behind her when she ---- into her husband,
E) suffer/are going to farm badly injuring his leg.
429- Even when the Second World War ----, A) has been reversing/drives
rationing of certain food items and clothing B) will have reversed/was driving
---- until production reached its pre-war level. C) was reversing/drove
D) has reversed/has been driving
A) would end/will continue E) reverses/will have driven
B) ended/was continuing
C) was ending/had continued 436- Do you think the inventor of dynamite ----
D) had ended/continued how many destructive uses people ---- for it?
E) has ended/has continued
A) was imagining/found
430- I hope that this glue ---- by the time the B) has imagined/will find
performance ----. We don't want the giants’ C) imagined/were going to find
castle to fall down when the stage curtains D) imagines/had been finding
go up. E) will imagine/find
A) is setting/has started 437- Commuters ---- nervous since two high

B) will have set/starts speed trains ---- last week.
C) sets/will be starting
D) is going to set/started A) have been/collided
E) has set/was starting B) are/have collided
C) were/will have collided
431- We ---- a surprise party for Grandfather on D) had been/are colliding
his 80th birthday, but he ---- a holiday for E) are going to be/had collided
that week.
438- I ---- a diet yesterday, but Sheila ---- a section
A) have held/is going to book of her wedding cake to work. What could I
B) hold/is booking do?
C) were going to hold/had booked
D) will hold/books A) was going to start/brought
E) had been holding/will have booked B) have started/has brought
C) was starting/had been bringing
D) will have started/brings
E) had started/is going to bring
35
439- According to his defence lawyer, he ---- his 446- In the 20th century, the Russian government
shares two days before he ---- the financial ---- the name of the town of Denisovka to
report. Lomonosov, in recognition of Mikail
Lomonosov, who ---- the first ever history of
A) sells/will receive Russia two centuries earlier.
B) had sold/received
C) is selling/has received A) had changed/was writing
D) was selling/receives B) will be changing/wrote
E) will sell/had received C) had been changing/writes
D) changed/had written
440- As they ---- for twenty days now, they ---- E) is changing/has written
forward to the end of Ramadan.
447- Lisa ---- cakes as a hobby before she ---- up
A) had fasted/are going to look her business “Celebration Cakes”.
B) will fast/have been looking
C) are fasting/have looked A) makes/will set
D) have been fasting/are looking B) had been making/set
E) fast/had looked C) is going to make/had set
D) had made/has set
441- Tensions ---- steadily throughout the year, so E) will be making/was setting
I think the peace process ---- down
completely soon. 448- Because he can speak Turkish already, his
teacher ---- he ---- Uzbek by next April, when
A) have been increasing/will break he will travel to Uzbekistan with the Anglo-
B) will increase/has broken Turkish Society at university.
C) had been increasing/breaks
D) are increasing/was breaking A) thought/has mastered
E) are going to increase/broke B) thinks/will have mastered
C) has been thinking/had mastered
442- Developers ---- to build new flats on the ground D) is thinking/had been mastering
which ---- flooding twice in the last three years. E) will think/masters
A) had been planning/is suffering 449- Ever since Hz. Muhammad ---- out the
B) will plan/suffers principles of Islam in 630, people ---- this
C) are going to plan/was suffering religion.
D) are planning/has suffered
E) plan/has been suffering A) was setting/had followed
B) has set/will follow
443- It's been four years since the 'Real IRA’ ---- a C) set/have been following
bomb in the town of Omaha, and to this day, D) would set/were following
the town ---- from the incident. E) was going to set/followed
A) has detonated/doesn't recover 450- Even though she ---- after the normal
B) will detonate/didn't recover deadline, it appears that the college ---- her.
C) was detonating/won't recover
D) had detonated/isn't recovering A) is going to apply/accepted
E) detonated/hasn't recovered B) applied/will accept
C) had applied/will have accepted
444- The police are asking for witnesses because D) has been applying/accepts
the driver of the car ---- off after she ---- down E) will apply/has accepted
the cyclist.
451- Once the lights ---- out at Heathrow Airport
A) drove/had knocked because rats ---- through the electricity
B) has driven/was knocking cables.
C) will have driven/knocked
D) is driving/has knocked A) have gone/will be gnawing
E) has been driving/would knock B) will have gone/gnawed
C) were going/have gnawed
445- All the hotels in this area seem to be full. It D) go/are gnawing
appears that we ---- to the next town. E) went/had gnawed
A) have been driving

B) will have to drive
C) will have driven
D) were driving
E) have driven
36
452- Delia ---- with a choir which, so far, ---- three 458- The member of parliament ---- that he ----
times at Westminster Cathedral. £158,000 earnings from public speaking.
A) sings/have sung A) apologised/hadn't declared

B) has sung/sing B) was apologising/hasn't declared
C) is singing/had been singing C) will apologise/won't declare
D) will have sung/sang D) has apologised/won't have declared
E) had sung/has been singing E) will have apologised/isn't declaring
453- The inhabitants of St Pierre and Miquelon, 459- Frazer ---- medicine in the future because the
eight islands off the southern coast of British Medical Council ---- away his licence.
Canada ---- descendants of French
immigrants, and they ---- their French culture A) isn't practising/will have taken
until today. B) won't have practised/are taking
C) won't be practising/have taken
A) are/have retained D) doesn't practise/were taking
B) were/were retaining E) hasn't practised/take
C) had been/will have retained
D) have been/will be regaining 460- When I was young, we ---- only three
E) were going to be/retained television channels to choose from, but
since then, many new channels ---- available.
454- Some years ago, the police ---- Harry
Stanley, a Scotsman, as he ---- home from A) were having/became
his brother's house. B) have had/become
C) had had/were becoming
A) were shooting/has walked D) had/have become
B) have shot/had been walking E) have/are becoming
C) shot/was walking
D) would shoot/has been walking 461- With the mechanization of the factory, the
E) had shot/walked board ---- that production ---- six fold by the
end of this year.
455- At the time, Harry ---- a table leg in a plastic
bag, which the police ---- was a shotgun. A) estimated/is increasing
B) estimates/will have increased
A) has been carrying/had believed C) had estimated/increased
B) has carried/believe D) has estimated/had increased
C) was carrying/believed E) will estimate/increases
D) carried/have believed
E) had carried/will believe 462- By June 6 of next year, I ---- in Istanbul for
exactly four years.
456- A customer in a bar ---- the police to report
an Irishman carrying a shotgun in a bag. The A) will live
police still haven't apologised to Harry's B) am living
wife, who ---- his dinner when he was shot. C) live
D) will have been living
A) called/has been cooking E) am going to live
B) has called/had cooked
C) was calling/cooked 463- The Anasazi culture of the South western
D) had called/was cooking United States ---- long before the first
E) calls/will be cooking Spanish explorers ---- in the area in 1540.
457- Usually, I clean the house on Saturday A) had disappeared/arrived

morning, but we ---- away this weekend, B) have disappeared/were arriving
which is why I ---- right now. C) disappeared/have arrived
D) will have disappeared/arrived
A) had gone/was dusting E) disappeared/had arrived
B) are going/am dusting
C) will go/have been dusting 464- When Gill ---- to the dentist's to have her
D) have been going/dust tooth pulled out, it ---- him a lot of pain for
E) were going/will be dusting the previous fortnight.
A) went/had been causing

B) has gone/will be causing
C) had gone/was causing
D) has gone/had caused
E) was going/has been causing
37
465- Have you decided what you ---- after you ---- 471- Two of the teachers in our school ---- at the
from university? end of this month, and l hope the school ----
new ones by then.
A) will be doing/are graduating
B) will have done/will graduate A) will leave/recruited
C) are going to do/have graduated B) are going to leave/recruit
D) do/will be graduating C) will be leaving/have recruited
E) are doing/will have graduated D) have left/will recruit
E) are leaving/will have recruited
466- Organized crime ---- in the United States
during the 1920s, largely because the sale 472- In another two months, I ---- enough money
and consumption of alcohol ---- illegal in for the down payment of a car, and then I ----
1919. commuting by train.
A) was flourishing/has become A) have saved/will have stopped

B) had flourished/was becoming B) will be saving/stop
C) flourished/was becoming C) am saving/have stopped
D) has flourished/became D) saved/had stopped
E) flourished/had become E) will have saved/will stop
467- The sale and consumption of alcohol ---- 473- As soon as the weather ---- off a bit, we ----
legal again in 1933, but ever since then, outside for a walk by the seaside.
organized crime ---- to grow.
A) had cooled/were going
A) had become/is continuing B) cools/go
B) became/had continued C) cooled/went
C) became/has continued D) has cooled/have gone
D) was becoming/continues E) was cooling/went
E) has become/has been continuing
474- ---- you ever ---- any films by this director
468- At this time tomorrow afternoon, it is likely before the one you ---- to the other night?
that I ---- on the sofa with a book in my
hands, because it's my day off. A) Do…see/go
B) Had…seen/went
A) lay C) Will…see/are going
B) will be lying D) Have…seen/have gone
C) will have lain E) Did…see/had gone
D) lie
E) am lying 475- I ---- anything by that author until you ---- me
this book.
469- The movie ---- until half past nine, but we ----
a couple hours earlier so that we can walk A) wasn't reading/have lent
around Beyoglu a bit first. B) don't read/will lend
C) haven't read/will be lending
A) doesn't start/are going to arrive D) hadn't read/lent
B) hasn't started/arrived E) didn't read/were lending
C) hadn't started/had arrived
D) didn't start/were arriving 476- American satirist Ambrose Bierce ---- more
E) won't start/arrive and more dissatisfied with American society
when he ---- the United States for Mexico in
470- When Sultan Mehmet II finally ---- 1913.
Constantinople on 29 May 1453, the
Byzantines ---- from the city for exactly 1,123 A) grew/left
years and eighteen days. B) was growing/would leave
C) grew/had left
A) had conquered/have been ruling D) had been growing/left
B) conquered/were ruling E) had grown/has left
C) was conquering/ruled
D) has conquered/ruled 477- Once I ---- writing this letter, I ---- out to the
E) conquered/had been ruling garden to help you.
A) am finishing/am going to come

B) have finished/will come
C) will finish/will be coming
D) finish/come
E) will have finished/am coming
38
478- Although many people still mistakenly ---- 484- Because the streets in Istanbul are so
that Stonehenge was built by Celtic peoples, complicated, a lot of tourists ---- difficulty
in actual fact the Celts ---- in Britain until a finding their way around when they first ----
thousand or so years after its construction. in the city.
A) believe/didn't arrive A) are having/arrived

B) believed/weren't arriving B) have had/have arrived
C) have believed/haven't arrived C) will have/will have arrived
D) believe/won't have arrived D) are having/are arriving
E) believed/haven't arrived E) have/arrive
479- Since the police ---- him three years ago on 485- Although the woman ---- an overdose of
suspicion of the killing of two police officers, sleeping pills, so far no one ---- her death to
he ---- in prison. be suicide.
A) had arrested/is A) will have taken/is proving

B) arrested/has been B) has taken/proved
C) were arresting/had been C) took/has proved
D) has arrested/was D) is taking/proves
E) had arrested/will be E) takes/will have proved
480- Although so far the police ---- unable to 486- Many different political parties ---- in United
produce concrete evidence connecting him States history, but the political system ----,
with the killings, they ---- him in prison almost always, as a two-party system.
anyway.
A) existed/functions
A) were/are keeping B) exist/is functioning
B) are/have kept C) have existed/has functioned
C) have been/have kept D) existed/has been functioning
D) had been/were keeping E) had existed/will function
E) will have been/kept
487- Fiona ---- for some time now of learning to
481- I ---- my eye doctor this afternoon because I play the flute, but, as she is so busy these
---- from frequent headaches recently. days, she doesn't know if she ---- find the
time.
A) visit/am suffering
B) am visiting/have been suffering A) is thinking/has been able to
C) will be visiting/suffered B) has been thinking/will be able to
D) visited/will have been suffering C) thinks/is able to
E) have visited/suffer D) is thinking/has been able to
E) has thought/was able to
482- Don't flip the light switch until I ---- the light
bulb all the way in. 488- Before I ---- the chance to explain my
reasons for saying such terrible things, she
A) have screwed ---- out.
B) will have screwed
C) am screwing A) found/had walked
D) will be screwing B) will find/walks
E) screwed C) had found/has walked
D) have found/walked
483- At the moment, my nephew ---- back in his E) was finding/was walking
hometown with his parents, but last year at
this time he ---- with me in my apartment in 489- In 1877, the last few samurai ---- the Satsuma
Chicago. Rebellion in an attempt to overthrow Japan's
newly modernized and westernized
A) lives/had been staying government.
B) is living/had stayed
C) lives/stays A) have been staging
D) is living/was staying B) had staged
E) is going to live/stayed C) have staged
D) staged
E) had been staging
39
490- Even though the samurai as a class ---- from 496- When I ---- home, they ---- for me at the
Japan by the early 20th century, samurai dinner table.
ideals ---- many aspects of Japanese society
even today. A) get/have waited
B) had got/are waiting
A) had disappeared/influence C) was getting/waited
B) were disappearing/influenced D) got/were waiting
C) disappeared/will influence E) will get/will be waiting
D) have disappeared/are influencing
E) would disappear/have influenced 497- Lots of people imagine that piracy on the
high seas ---- hundreds of years ago, but in
491- Judging from the progress I ---- now, it fact, it ---- to this day, especially on the
seems unlikely that I ---- this assignment by South China Sea.
next Monday.
A) vanished/has continued
A) have been making/have finished B) had vanished/is continuing
B) will be making/finish C) had been vanishing/continued
C) was making/finished D) vanished/continued
D) made/am going to finish E) has vanished/continues
E) am making/will have finished
498- The nature of piracy ---- somewhat, however,
492- No one knows for certain where the word as most pirates today ---- automatic weapons
"jazz" first ----, but the word ---- in English for and modern guerrilla tactics.
more than 100 years now.
A) changed/are using
A) has originated/exists B) had changed/used
B) originated/has existed C) has changed/use
C) was originating/existed D) was changing/have used
D) had originated/had existed E) is changing/will use
E) had been originating/exists
499- By the time the election ---- place, the
493- I don't think that Albert Einstein ---- that his candidate ---- around the country constantly
theories ---- to the invention of nuclear for more than six months.
weapons.
A) had taken/travelled
A) had known/led B) will take/will have travelled
B) has known/were leading C) takes/will have been travelling
C) knew/were going to lead D) has taken/will travel
D) knows/had led E) took/has been travelling
E) had known/have led
500- ---- you ---- with us to the pub after you ----
494- Some environmental experts ---- that the work?
north of England ---- nearly as cold as
Siberia by the year 2050. A) Will…be coming/have finished
B) Are…coming/are finishing
A) predict/becomes C) Will…come/are going to finish
B) have predicted/is becoming D) Are…going to come/finished
C) will predict/will become E) Do…come/have finished
D) are predicting/will have become
E) predicted/has become
495- The public speaker ---- satisfied with his

performance till he ---- the attention of
everyone in the audience.
A) isn't/is catching
B) hadn't been/has caught
C) isn't/caught
D) hasn't been/catches
E) wasn't/had caught
40
TENSES (CÜMLE TAMAMLAMA)
1- ----, so it is possible that one day people will 6- Emin is travelling to work by minibus ----.
live on it.
A) when he didn't want to walk
A) Voyager 1 is still travelling further into space B) so he enters the building on time
B) Astronomers have seen frozen water on C) while he was living in Ankara
Mars D) because the metro isn't working
C) Malta made the uninhabited island, Filfla, E) but he has been in his office for only 10
into a nature reserve minutes
D) A moon landing hasn't occurred since 1972
E) The Europeans thought of Australia as an 7- Ever since India became independent in
empty continent 1947, ----.
2- While Napoleon was retreating from Russia, A) its economy is growing at a rate of more
----. than 6% every year
B) it has played an important role in South
A) he should have realized that it was a Asian politics
mistake to attack Russia in winter C) Gandhi and Jinnah both died the next year
B) he has found it difficult to supply his soldiers D) the same year that Britain left Pakistan
C) the extreme cold made conditions worse for E) the pressure of Indian nationalists was
his army effective
D) his invasion of the country had not been
successful 8- ----, we will have been travelling for 20 hours.
E) Leo Tolstoy later wrote about it in War and
Peace A) By the time we reach Diyarbakır
B) As the bus journey had been very long
3- ----, the old bachelor has been living in a tent C) Since we have already visited Trabzon
in the garden. D) When we were travelling to Van
E) Although our trip to Agrı is a long one
A) Just as he was preparing for his trekking trip
to the mountains 9- Because the Battle of Sarıkamış took place
B) When the summer weather starts to get in 1914, ----.
very hot
C) Because he had always preferred the A) its hundredth anniversary will be in the next
outdoor life decade
D) During the vacation, his family will stay in B) many soldiers died because of the extreme
the hotel cold on the mountain
E) Since he accidentally burned the house C) it has caused the loss of most of the Third
down Army
D) an Ottoman Army had fought it against a
4- ---- that he will come home for a visit before Russian Army
the New Year. E) a large amount of snow falls there in winter
A) Gunter will take some time off work

B) Claude is earning some extra money 10- ---- after he had published Beyond Good and
C) Aleksandr doesn't want to finish the year Evil.
D) Marek doesn't feel very well
E) Stanislav has told his mother A) Nietzsche's essays have been popular
among scholars
5- ----, but this year she has gone to North B) One of Nietzsche's most famous books is
Cyprus for a change. Thus Spoke Zarathustra
C) Nietzsche's works have made a huge
A) Aylin has been learning about diving impact on philosophy
B) Hande will go there for the first time next D) The book On the Genealogy of Morals,
year which first appeared in 1887
C) Yıldız usually takes her vacation in Bodrum E) Nietzsche wrote The Twilight of the Idols
D) Banu was thinking about where to go on
holiday
E) Nilufer had been on holiday in Antalya
41
11- My mother has really hated going to the 16- She only passed her driving test two months
hairdresser's ----. ago, but since then, ----.
A) until they promised to style it the way she A) she had to pay a fine for speeding twice just
wanted last month
B) when my aunt offered to cut her hair for her B) she probably won't have had any major
C) by the time it becomes really necessary traffic accidents
D) because she believed that it was a waste of C) she drives to her office, which is in a busy
both money and time going there centre of the city
E) ever since one accidentally dyed her hair D) she has driven two thousand kilometres in
orange her car
E) she drove her friends everywhere they
12- ---- when the waiter brought the desserts. wanted to go
A) I've decided to order another drink 17- Before the trainees dive into the water, ----.
B) We had barely finished our main course
C) You can ask the waiter for our bill A) they practised putting on their wet suits and
D) You've been taking too long to drink your diving equipment without help
soup B) they were swimming in the ocean around
E) I don't think I'll have finished my some rocky cliffs
C) the sea had been quite calm all day, with
13- Until the teacher pointed out all my mistakes almost no waves
to me, ----. D) they always checked the water temperature
first
A) I don't really expect to get such a high score E) the instructor checks that their diving
B) I won't know whether I did well in the exam equipment is properly fixed
or not
C) I have always come top in every exam 18- ---- by the time you finish your game and
D) I really believed my translation exercise was come to table.
perfect
E) I expect she'll praise the effort I've made A) You've been at your computer all afternoon
B) We are eating our dinner
14- They'll let us know the exact price ----. C) I don't think I can wait
D) We've just started eating our dinner
A) after they had been calculating it for at least E) Your dinner will be cold
five minutes
B) when they took the measurements of all the 19- Suddenly, he came up with fresh ideas about
rooms the end of his novel ----.
C) as soon as they've calculated the total
amount of carpet we need A) ever since he started to take these walks
D) since the moment we went to the shop and along the seashore
asked them for it B) whenever he goes to the park and stares at
E) just as we were entering the carpet shop the ducks in the pond
C) while he was sitting on a park bench
15- It was only after she left the examination absent-mindedly
room that ----. D) when the electricity comes back on and he
is able to use the computer
A) she's promised herself to study harder next E) until it was ready to be handed in to his
time publisher
B) she remembered the past tense verb
endings 20- ----, I'll probably have left the office, but if
C) she is relieved that it is now all over you have any questions, you can call me on
D) she will have been preparing for it for over a my mobile.
week
E) she is starting to get worried about her A) While I'm trying to arrange the annual
exam results reception
B) As soon as you completed typing that report
C) During the argument you had with the
secretary just now
D) By the time you finish your meeting
E) Until we received the message from head
office
42
21- She hasn't washed anything delicate in the 27- It was only after she had visited her doctor
washing machine ----. that ----.
A) until she bought some special soap powder A) she has been worrying about the rash on
B) since she shrank her favorite Shetland wool her scalp
cardigan B) her rash began to disappear
C) even when her mother offered to wash it for C) she will have been suffering for two months
her D) she is feeling much better
D) until the garment becomes really faded E) she has decided to ask at the chemist
E) because she thought it was better to hand
wash it 28- ---- as soon as they find out the exact weight
of the shipment.
22- ----, we will probably have eaten, but I'll keep
your dinner warm in the oven. A) We suspected that they had overcharged us
again
A) Until we move the office to the city centre B) They had been asking us for some business
B) While you were travelling to Edinburgh for weeks
C) As soon as he had got the job as a chef C) Perhaps they have delivered our goods
D) While I am cooking lasagna D) They will let us know the precise cost of
E) By the time you get home from Carlisle transportation
E) The shipping company charges seven
23- ----, suddenly, he had a great idea how to dollars per kilogram
make the farm profitable.
29- Until the manager dropped the football star
A) Until he has obtained the loan from the from the team, ----.
bank
B) When he hires two new farm workers A) he has scored more goals than his team
C) While he was milking the cows mates this season
D) Whenever he considered selling the bottom B) he won't play for them in the future
field C) he expects to get an offer from a European
E) Ever since his son told him he wanted to be club
a lawyer D) he doesn't expect to get picked next season
E) he really believed that he was indispensable
24- ---- by the time you have unpacked.
30- ---- when thieves stole the radio cassette
A) We were all in the living room watching player.
television
B) We have just run out of hot water A) He has decided to pay in installments
C) You haven't had time to take a shower B) The police aren't doing enough to catch the
D) The water will be hot enough for a bath thieves
E) You are taking quite a long time C) You have been waiting so long for the
dealer to deliver your new stereo
25- Before the riders mount their horses, ----. D) I don't think the robbers will be sent to
prison
A) they usually went for a gallop around the E) He had only just taken delivery of his new
paddock car
B) the horses were mostly thoroughbreds
C) they were riding without wearing riding hats 31- ----, our client will have decided to use one of
D) the instructor checks the bridle and saddle our competitors, so let's hurry up and make
of the horses a decision.
E) they watched some experienced riders jump
over the fences A) Until the manager gave us the latest sales
figures
26- He qualified as a pilot just three months ago, B) During yesterday's meeting about our
but since then, ----. strategy for the coming year
C) While we were trying to figure out where to
A) he has flown across the Atlantic several hold the New Year's office party
times D) As soon as we had mapped out our strategy
B) he was fulfilling a lifetime ambition E) At this rate, by the time we have come up
C) he usually works as a co-pilot with a plan
D) he is terribly afraid of flying
E) he probably won't have any financial
problems
43
32- The union leaders achieved a breakthrough 37- ---- when their first child was born.
in the tricky negotiations with management
----. A) They don't think they will have moved into
their new house
A) until it appeared that the entire plan would B) They have been taking too long to decide
fail where to move
B) when they decide to drop their unreasonable C) They have worked and saved for this
wage demands moment
C) since the last pay rise the employers agreed D) They had just moved into their new house
to give to the workers E) They have decided that she should look
D) whenever they devise a plan that their after the baby herself
members will accept
E) just when it seemed that there was no hope 38- Alice has not trusted men ----.
33- My neighbour is having great difficulty with A) because she will probably never get married
her financial affairs, ----. B) ever since her husband ran off with the
money she inherited from her father
A) since her husband died last year C) by the time she is old enough to consider
B) until her son promised to sort them out marriage
C) so I've arranged to help her this evening D) when she rejected Fred's proposal several
D) when her business was struggling last times
month E) until the man of her dreams comes along
E) as soon as she sold two of her flats in the and sweeps her off of her feet
city centre
39- It's easy to see he's been crying for a long
34- Write your names on top of your paper ----. time ----.
A) when you had practised tenses and A) as he has just learned that he has failed his
conjunctions for weeks driving test
B) before you start answering the questions B) until his mother tried to soothe him by
C) by the time you are able to write good, clear cuddling him tightly
sentences C) as soon as he entered the living room with
D) while the teacher was checking the his broken toy car
attendancy sheet D) because his eyes are very red and he can't
E) until the bell rang and the teacher asked the stop sniffing
papers back E) by the time his parents realise that he is not
in his room
35- Mike graduated from university just two
years ago, but since then, ----. 40- By the time the farmers managed to
purchase the new insecticide, ----.
A) he has earned enough on the stock market
to be able to retire A) it proved more effective than anything they
B) he is living in a luxurious flat in one of the had used before
most expensive parts of town B) they will probably have lost over half of their
C) he worked for one of the most successful potential harvest to insects
stockbrokers in the city C) insects had severely damaged most of their
D) he will probably have quite a successful crops
career D) it has been in short supply because of the
E) he had travelled all around the world and great demand for it
learned three languages E) they have never seen such an increase in
their yield
36- She only remembered that she was on a diet
----. 41- He has been experimenting with different
types of meals ----.
A) so she is starting to worry about her
appearance A) before she booked a table at the Mongolian
B) when she eats too much and feels bad restaurant
about it afterwards B) since his mother bought him a microwave
C) after she had eaten two helpings of dessert C) while my husband serves the drinks
D) she won't eat as much for dinner as she did D) as soon as he has more leisure time at
for lunch home
E) ever since she became one of the top E) just as the guests arrived for dinner
models of the country
44
42- ----, we will have walked five miles in this 47- It was only after the delivery driver had left
shopping mall. the building that ----.
A) While backpacking across the Black A) it has been mistaken for the Prince Rupert
Mountains this summer Hotel before
B) Until you joined the hiking club B) she read the address on the package
C) By the time we have bought everything we C) he will have returned to the warehouse by
want five
D) As soon as I saw the perfect wedding dress D) she has been waiting for some new
for you brochures
E) Although we had parked a long way from E) she has just called them to report the
the shops mistake
43- ---- suddenly, three masked gunmen burst 48- ---- as soon as we receive the funding.
through the doors.
A) We couldn't keep the department running
A) By the time his father learnt about his without any money
joining the terrorist organisation B) We have spent most of this year's budget
B) When they catch whoever was responsible C) We will employ three specialist nurses
for the raid D) She had been claiming her personal petrol
C) Until the bank was robbed last Tuesday as expenses for months
D) While the family were eating their evening E) Charities don't have to pay any sales tax
meal
E) Wherever the robbers are hiding at the 49- ---- when another aircraft struck the second
moment tower.
44- ---- before we need to start filming. A) Hundreds of firemen had only just arrived at
the scene
A) She has always been camera shy B) I don't think both of the towers were fully
B) The cameraman has just arrived insured
C) The actors hadn't rehearsed their parts C) It's the largest terrorist act in the history of
properly the world
D) I think the battery will be fully charged D) Skyscrapers seem to be suitable targets for
E) The video camera isn't working terrorists
E) They have failed to catch the actual activists
45- When we were at the amusement park, ----.
50- ---- when he had to rush his mother to
A) we supervised the children on the hospital.
automated train ride
B) I usually allow my son a ride on the toy train A) The surgeons have just started operating on
after shopping her
C) some of the machines there seem really B) He has suffered back pain for some time
dangerous C) It was only two days since he'd passed his
D) the children have enjoyed particularly the driving test
bumper cars D) Doctors are not sure whether they will have
E) some parents aren’t even watching their to operate or not
children E) She has been waiting for an eye operation
for months
46- The sea is normally calmer ----.
51- They have postponed my operation, and, at
A) until he set sail for the Ascension Islands this rate, it will be after Christmas ----
B) when the moon is neither new nor full
C) before the tide had gone out that evening A) when I recovered without the need for
D) while she was sailing single-handedly surgery
around the world B) while the surgeon was inserting his knife
E) because the boat will sway gently from side C) as they will have suffered unnecessarily for
to side some time
D) although I had undergone a major operation
before
E) by the time they replace my hip with an
artificial one
45
52- Just when they thought it was safe to set 57- ---- when he stole the loaf of bread.
sail, ----.
A) He hadn't eaten anything for three days
A) another storm hit the bay B) I don't think he will do it again
B) they had had no problems along the way C) He has been using illegal drugs for three
C) the captain has dropped the anchor months
D) the crew have to wear their life jackets D) They have sentenced him to three years
anyway imprisonment
E) they would battle against the high winds E) He had corrected his antisocial behaviour
53- Experts believe that the Vikings dragged 58- Victoria has not eaten seafood ----.
their boats across the Shetland Islands ----
A) because she will probably be late tonight
A) after villagers have emerged to help sailors B) by the time the potatoes are cooked
move their boats thoroughly
B) which proved it wasn't possible with wooden C) when she eats at the Italian restaurant
boats and cod liver oil D) since she got food poisoning from a prawn
C) while they are digging for artefacts of Norse curry
fishermen E) until she visited Portugal last year
D) before they travelled across the Atlantic to
Canada 59- One can see that this tap has been leaking
E) so that they won't have to sail around the for some time ----.
south end
A) as he scolded himself quite badly when he
54- Leave your questionnaires in the box at the turned the hot water tap on
rear of the hall ----. B) so I called a plumber as soon as I noticed it
C) because the minerals in the water have
A) when you had taken part in the role-play worn away the coating on the sink
exercise D) by the time my father found the time to fix it
B) before you leave the conference this E) even though I have just taken a shower
evening
C) by the time you have listened to the 60- By the time the men from the council
Chairman's speech collected the rubbish, ----.
D) while the trainees were taking notes on the
lecture A) they are working particularly slowly this
E) until the Chairman finished his speech morning
B) it has been left in the wrong place
55- Two teenagers found the body of a woman in C) they have been on strike for three weeks
the woods last night and, since then, ----. now
D) it will probably overflow
A) she worked as a waitress at the local E) it had started to smell
Chinese restaurant
B) it was lying in some thick vegetation 61- While we were at the Andreo circus last
covered in leaves night, ----.
C) the police have been searching the area for
clues A) their clowns are famous around the world
D) apparently they were playing a game of B) we enjoyed the acrobats most of all
football in the woods C) they always enclose the large animals in
E) they are suspected of being connected to cages for safety reasons
the Chinese Mafia D) we have only ever seen a few large snakes
E) children generally enjoy the lions and tigers
56- He only considered that he was in a most
desperate situation ----.
62- The necessary texts won't have arrived by
A) so he is considering applying for another job the time of the first exam, ----.
B) after he had called his boss an idiot and lost
his job A) so the exam will deal only with the class
C) otherwise his boss will dismiss him from his discussions
job B) just as we decided not to read any of them
D) as he probably won't be out of work for very C) and many of the students were unhappy
long with their results
E) ever since he was appointed to head of the D) because the professor is quite famous for
sales department his eloquence
E) and some of the students were already
thinking of dropping out of the course
46
63- ---- until after all the water has boiled off. 68- As soon as the pop star came back on stage
to give a second encore, ----.
A) The tea wasn't ready for drinking
B) I think this coffee needs to have some more A) the audience burst into wild applause
milk B) I don't know when or where his next concert
C) He hadn't thought of adding spices is going to be
D) I don't think the pepper goes in C) his performance had been one of the best in
E) I'm afraid I haven't cooked the soup for long years
enough D) he will have been on tour for almost two
years without a break
64- By the time I completely finished writing my E) his guitarist hasn't been playing very well
master's thesis, ----. recently
A) I really hoped my professor would find it 69- ----, no one can be sure what will happen to
satisfactory the country in the near future.
B) the introduction has been giving me lots of
trouble A) Although Haiti possesses some of the most
C) my professor thinks the whole thing is a pile rugged terrain of the Caribbean islands
of rubbish B) When Haiti became the first nation to
D) I'm still trying to decide whether to stay at completely abolish slavery
university or not C) Ever since the rebellion began to spread
E) several of my former classmates had throughout the Haitian countryside
already found steady jobs outside the D) When Boniface Alexandre took over as
university temporary president of the Haitian Republic
E) Because Haiti's political situation has been
65- The Tokugawa shogunate of Japan had been so unstable in the last few years
isolated from the rest of the world for more
than 200 years ----. 70- ---- we've had so far this summer.
A) by the time the Japanese economy finally A) We had to continue to work

begins to improve a little B) We couldn't even find time to swim
B) when, in 1853, the United States demanded C) There is a lot of repair work at home
that it open its borders to trade D) This is by far the hottest weather
C) after many years of absolute power, the E) It has never been so hot and humid
Emperor of Japan had become only a
symbol 71- ----, the renowned opera singer was singing
D) as soon as Commodore Matthew Perry's the opera's most difficult aria.
black ships entered Tokyo Bay
E) under the Tokugawa shogunate, the whole A) Even though the orchestra performed
nation was united under one warlord absolutely flawlessly
B) By the time she completes her training to
66- My husband recently received a new credit perfect her voice
card and, since then, ----. C) Although paparazzi have been following her
around for weeks
A) he bought me a lovely black evening gown D) Since she generally wears lots of make-up
B) we have been getting deeper and deeper in during her performances
debt E) When someone in the audience sneezed
C) I was getting more and more angry with extremely loudly
each day
D) it is unlikely that he'll ever realize the danger 72- He has chosen to live so far away from his
of having a credit card job ----.
E) he had been spending lots of money on
unnecessary things A) and his curious colleagues have already
learnt most of his secrets
67- ----, please remind me to get Claire's e-mail B) when suddenly he got laid off due to the
address, if I forget to do it. economic recession
C) because the neighbourhood is very
A) As you are always forgetting things peaceful and has lots of trees
B) Since you've had too much alcohol tonight D) just as he was looking for a new and better-
C) Before we leave the party this evening paying one
D) Until it is time for us to go back home E) but his boss thinks that the project will
E) Once the party was finally over probably fall through
47
73- ----, the telephone rang and I had to run back 77- ----, I took my time when I was talking to
inside to answer it. Mum just now.
A) When the light on the answering machine is A) Ever since I left home and came here to
flashing attend university
B) At the exact moment that I was stepping out B) When I realized that she was talking to a
of the front door client on the phone
C) The voice on the phone sounded like your C) Whenever I leave the answering machine
brother's on
D) Until the manager of the job I applied for D) Because I didn't realize that you were
gives me a call expecting an important phone call
E) By the time I managed to get there and pick E) I dashed to answer the phone as it was
it up probably for me
74- ----, Elvis Presley had become an extremely 78- While my brother was living in Jamaica
overweight, reclusive drug addict who spent during the mid-1980s, ----.
most of his days staring at the television.
A) the pirate haven of Port Royal had been
A) He had made his first recording in 1954 almost completely destroyed in an
B) Until "Heartbreak Hotel" became a hit in earthquake
1956 B) the poorer sections of the capital, Kingston,
C) By the time he died in 1977 are known as Trenchtown
D) As his twin brother, Aaron Presley, had died C) he met several famous reggae stars, such
soon after their birth as Aston Barrett and Peter Tosh
E) When he was born in 1935, in Tupelo, D) followers of Rastafarianism living there have
Mississippi special rules of dress, diet and work
E) the island was originally inhabited by the
75- When my fiancée and I finally get married gentle Arawak people
sometime early this autumn, ----.
79- ---- ; assuming, of course, that everything
A) we will have been together for almost five goes as planned.
years
B) the wedding cake we have ordered is the A) You can borrow up to ten books from the
biggest I have ever seen library for four weeks at a time
C) we'd never been on vacation together B) Many university students are taking their
before that final examinations these days
D) our wedding was a small affair, with only C) Sunny weather is rather uncommon in this
close family and a few friends part of the country
E) we first met each other at the university D) The project has been completed and is
library ready for presentation
E) We'll be lying on a beach in Barbados
76- Celtic peoples had been living in what is now without a care in the world this time next
England for about a thousand years ----. week
A) and their folk music is one of the oldest 80- For thousands of years, people all over the
continuing musical traditions in the world world ----.
B) before the ancestors of the modern English
invaded the island in about 500 AD A) create many stereotypes about those from
C) because today, Celtic languages are still cultures different from their own
spoken in certain areas B) have to live without sufficient knowledge
D) just as the golden-haired Celtic queen about how diseases are spread
Boudicca was leading an uprising against C) aren't showing much interest in trying to
the occupying Romans preserve the environment
E) that many experts hypothesized that the D) have been looking up at the night sky and
legendary King Arthur was actually a Celtic wondering what could be out there
chieftain E) hunt and kill animals such as foxes and
deer for sport and recreation
48
81- ----, I started looking around town for a new 87- She had only been working in our company
and better apartment. for a few months ----.
A) Once the landlady has sold this apartment A) although she was only planning to work
B) As soon as I had officially received the job there for a few years
offer B) when the boss assigned her as head of a
C) While I'm cycling around the park with a few most important project
friends C) but she does not look confident of her
D) Ever since my parents agreed to send me abilities
some money every month D) because that was the first time she had had
E) Even before we begin packing up our things a regular job
E) until she has completed her master's
82- ----, please take out your homework and pass degree
it forward.
88- ---- until you've got all the details from me.
A) Until the teacher leaves the classroom
B) When you finished writing your, answers A) You seem to be very excited
C) As soon as you settled in your desks B) You have done nothing but gossip
D) After you ate your lunch in the cafeteria C) It was not a good idea to talk to him
E) Before we begin today's lesson D) Do not tell anyone about this
E) I don't think you have any idea
83- ---- the whole time that I was waiting for my
turn to pay my phone bill. 89- When he realized that he had left his bag on
the subway, ----.
A) I had to stand in line in a smoky and stuffy
lounge A) and this is not the first time that he has
B) I received an extremely large phone bill last done it
month B) the drafts for the project were in it, and he
C) I know how crowded official departments can could not do without them
get at times C) he has been running after it, but obviously,
D) I had taken the bus instead of driving my car it is no use
E) I have been looking through these old D) he is desperately trying to reach the officer
magazines in charge of lost property
E) the doors had closed and it was already
84- ----, a big truck sped through the red light and leaving the platform
nearly collided with me.
90- As a nation, we seem accustomed to
A) When I was waiting at the check-out counter inflation ----.
to pay for my shopping
B) As soon as I manage to start my car A) because we have lived with it for so many
C) By the time I realized my headlights were on years
D) Just as I was passing through the B) when governments promised to bring it
intersection down
E) Although I have just bought my own car C) so prices continued to increase on an
annual basis
85- My grandfather had never had any formal D) ever since our country began to suffer
training, ----. economic problems
E) by the time the country went into chaos with
A) so I really like to listen to him play his an economic crash
bağlama
B) while he was doing his military service 91- Mr. Nicholson had been waiting for the
C) yet he played the guitar like a professional doctor for twenty minutes ----.
D) and he is definitely better than most other
musicians A) when he suddenly remembered that his
E) he spent his childhood in a remote part of the appointment wasn't until tomorrow
country B) since normally he only experiences the
pains when it's raining outside
86- You should always double-check that you C) because he's never been able to
have your passport and ticket with you ----. understand her strange accent
D) so he realized that he didn't have enough
A) that there are so many pickpockets around money to pay her very high fees
town E) while he was travelling to the office on the
B) and the plane is just about to take off busiest highway in the country
C) as soon as you got on the plane
D) while you were driving to the airport
E) before you leave for the airport
49
92- Our airline didn't confirm our reservations 97- ----, and not long afterwards, she lost her job
----. as a result.
A) because we will have asked them twice A) One member of Congress openly insulted
B) just before the travel agent has accepted the president
payment B) Drusilla wants to apply for the position of
C) by the time we've packed our suitcases regional director
D) until the morning our vacation began C) A number of new taxes are now arising to
E) since the first day we called them deal with the crisis
D) No one will be able to believe Melissa's
93- Though Tara's grades have improved outrageous claims
considerably, ----. E) She certainly deserved the promotion that
she received
A) no one had been expecting her to do any
worse 98- ----, the teachers were completely unable to
B) she's still likely to fail at least one of her do anything about it.
classes
C) there will be several new teachers next A) Since the improvements at the school have
semester proved very successful
D) the rest of her class will have already B) Though the school's principal still hasn't
finished made her decision
E) her professors are very optimistic about C) As no one will be able to understand the
next year questions on the test
D) When every one of the students left
94- ----, we will probably be relaxing under the the exam room in protest
sun within three hours. E) Because a large number of students attend
the professor's lectures
A) Even though it's impossible to get there in
less than four hours 99- The manager has decided to explain the
B) We have finally started out on our journey problem to the entire staff ----.
C) As our car has been having quite a lot of
problems recently A) because none of them know that he is
D) When the beach gets crowded with planning to do so
hundreds of sunbathers B) during the meeting that he will hold next
E) Since the road to the resort seems Thursday
surprisingly free of traffic C) so that Fred had little chance of actually
keeping his job
95- ----, he remembered that it was a national D) as soon as the conference concerning profit
holiday. began
E) despite the fact that Mr. Lush had not been
A) While Luigi hasn't been able yet to learn present
what his new salary will be
B) Just as Arnold dashed out of the house to 100- We had expected it to be one of the best
catch the bus to work movies of the year, ----.
C) There are a number of national holidays
that Marcus doesn't understand A) since the director is planning to produce a
D) Because Ricardo slept late and got in a lot sequel as well
of trouble with his boss B) although the advertisements had praised it
E) Since three-day weekends always make very highly
Tom feel good about life C) because we have been planning to see it for
a long time
96- The moment Sir Paul McCartney stepped out D) as soon as the theatre's doors opened and
of the limousine, ----. we all rushed in
E) but unfortunately it proved to be quite a
A) his songwriting partner was John Lennon, disappointment
who was murdered in 1980
B) he has admitted to using a large number of
drugs in his past
C) the reporters are wondering about his
marriage to Heather Mills
D) he was once famous for his very bouncy
bass guitar playing
E) a wild crowd of fans jumped forward to
surround him
50
MODALS
1- The company had sent the advertisement to 6- A: Are you going to enroll on the second
the newspaper when they realised they'd course when we finish this one?
mistyped the salary they were offering for B: I don't know. It's tiring coming every day
the position. Luckily, they ---- the newspaper after work. I ---- a month before I start the
to correct their mistake before they printed second course.
it.
A) may wait
A) could have asked B) am supposed to wait
B) were able to ask C) have waited
C) must have asked D) have to wait
D) were supposed to ask E) could have waited
E) might have asked
7- James will book the hotel rooms for the
2- A: I wish I hadn't criticised Mark's drawings German representatives and you ---- them at
yesterday because he hasn't spoken to me the airport at eight o'clock. Is that clear?
today. Do you think he'll come to my party
on Friday? A) have met
B: Possibly, he ---- you by then. B) can meet
C) are to meet
A) has forgiven D) had met
B) was able to forgive E) would meet
C) might have forgiven
D) must have forgiven 8- ---- lending me 5 YTL so that I don't have to
E) used to forgive give the Dolmuş driver a 100 YTL note?
3- Since the day his manager transferred him to A) Would you like
the foundry section of the steel works, he ---- B) Would you rather
safety goggles. C) Would you mind
D) Had you better
A) will be wearing E) Do you mind if
B) has had to wear
C) ought to wear 9- A: Jack doesn't work for a computer
D) must have worn company, so why has he gone to the
E) is wearing computer exhibition?
B: I don't know. He ---- interested in buying a
4- A: This student has circled the mistakes in computer to use at home or perhaps he is
the text, but he hasn't corrected them, so thinking of starting his own company.
he'll only get half marks.
B: He ---- the instructions properly. A) must be
B) has to be
A) would rather not read C) will be
B) had better not read D) ought to be
C) needn't have read E) could be
D) shouldn't have read
E) must not have read 10- You ---- anything to me. If you want to spend
virtually your entire wages on lottery tickets,
5- As a single woman, Lucy ---- quite a lot of then that's up to you.
money on clothes, jewellery and cosmetics,
but now married with two children, she can't A) couldn't have explained
spare so much money on them. B) don't have to explain
C) weren't able to explain
A) might spend D) shouldn't have explained
B) had spent E) weren't supposed to explain
C) would rather spend
D) would spend 11- You ---- anything until after your operation.
E) should have spent The nurses will tell you when it is all right.
A) needn't eat
B) don't have to eat
C) couldn't eat
D) mustn't eat
E) might not eat
51
12- Oh dear, my fruit cake is a little too sweet. I 18- Amy Johnson, the first woman pilot ---- from
---- the amount of sugar I add to the mixture England to Australia, ---- several times
next time. during her flight to fill her plane with petrol.
A) have been reducing A) had flown/has stopped

B) should have reduced B) could fly/was stopping
C) will have to reduce C) used to fly/might stop
D) have had to reduce D) was flying/would rather stop
E) must be reducing E) flew/had to stop
13- Isn't it great that Tim and Sue have given up 19- ---- you take this screwdriver back to Mr
smoking? They both ---- too much. Smith next door and thank him for lending it
to us?
A) used to smoke
B) ought to be smoking A) Will
C) must be smoking B) Ought
D) would rather smoke C) Must
E) have been smoking D) Shall
E) May
14- A: What's happened to Mr Meyer?
B: He is ill in hospital. They ---- keep him in 20- They ---- their house yet. They only put it up
overnight, and if they do, he ---- travel back for sale yesterday.
to German tomorrow morning.
A) haven't been selling
A) may/won't be able to B) might not be selling
B) would/ought not to C) needn't have sold
C) shall/doesn't have to D) ought not to sell
D) can/couldn't E) can't have sold
E) ought to/didn't use to
21- We ---- get a visa before we ---- go to
15- A: ---- we paint the kitchen this weekend? Bulgaria.
B: We could, but I ---- wait until the weather
gets better because we'll have to open the A) could/would
windows. B) are to/must
C) have to/can
A) Ought/prefer D) may/have to
B) May/must E) will/shall
C) Can/would like
D) Shall/would sooner 22- I only had a brief chat with Mary at the bus
E) Would/had better stop, so I ---- to ask her how she ---- on in her
new job.
16- A: I couldn't persuade John to come to the
match with us. He said he couldn't afford it. A) might forget/could get
B: You ---- to lend him the money. B) forgot/was getting
A: I did, but he said he ---- borrow any money C) have forgotten/used to get
at the moment. D) would forget/gets
E) must have forgotten/should get
A) have offered/ought not to
B) could have offered/would rather not 23- A: Well, I've got lots of great ideas, but I
C) may have offered/used not to haven't written anything down yet.
D) must have offered/wouldn't like B: But you ---- us a written outline of your
E) can offer/had better not section of the project today.
A: Don't panic. I'll do it tomorrow.
17- ---- I ask you a favour? ---- you work on
Thursday night this week instead of Friday A) would rather have given
night? B) were able to give
C) must have given
A) Can/Did D) were supposed to give
B) Would/Will E) had to give
C) May/Could
D) Might/Shall
E) Must/Would
52
24- Our father ---- a small present for me and my 31- A: I missed this week's episode of “LOST”.
sister every month when he ---- his salary. What happened?
B: I don't know. I don't watch it any more.
A) was buying/had received A: Why not? I thought you were a fan of the
B) has had to buy/was receiving serial like me.
C) must have bought/could receive B: Yes, I ---- it three times a week, but now I
D) would buy/received go to English lessons every night.
E) bought/could have received
A) used to watch
25- I ---- listening to pop music at all, but B) had watched
recently I have realised that I quite like C) must have watched
certain pop songs. D) have watched
E) was able to watch
A) didn't use to enjoy
B) ought not to enjoy 32- I believe you ---- this computer programme in
C) must not have enjoyed your previous job, so you ---- it difficult at
D) can't have been enjoying times. Please don't hesitate to ask me for
E) wasn't enjoying help.
26- When their baby was born, Lucy ---- up work A) didn't use/might find
until they found someone to look after the B) haven't used/must find
baby. C) couldn't use/have found
D) may not use/will find
A) must give E) hadn't used/can find
B) had to give
C) ought to give 33- Apparently, the man across the road ---- his
D) used to give car after all because he took down the
E) has given for-sale sign a week ago and he is still
driving to work.
27- They had their baby daughter in June and,
since then, they ---- in restaurants very often. A) used to keep
B) had better keep
A) didn't use to eat C) was keeping
B) couldn't eat D) was able to keep
C) aren't supposed to eat E) is keeping
D) haven't been able to eat
E) weren't able to eat 34- A: Hopefully, Peter booked the tickets for us
yesterday.
28- Do you think he ---- to watch the match with B: He ---- them yesterday. The booking office
us? I know he enjoys football. is closed on Saturdays.
A: Oh well, I'm sure he'll order them
A) would sooner tomorrow then.
B) had better
C) would mind A) had better not book
D) preferred B) hasn't booked
E) would like C) couldn't have booked
D) needn't have booked
29- Would you mind if I ---- the secretary for half E) wasn't supposed to book
an hour, Mr Pitt? She has two thousand
leaflets to send out. 35- A: I didn't think Paul and Sam were coming
to the picnic.
A) helping B: They ---- their minds.
B) helped A: Well, it's nice to see them again.
C) help
D) have helped A) would rather change
E) to help B) used to change
C) must have changed
30- You ---- all your holiday money on the first D) should have changed
day. You will need some for the rest of the E) had better change
week.
A) didn't use to spend

B) mustn't spend
C) don't spend
D) might not spend
E) haven't spent
53
36- I'm glad that I ---- hard to persuade my 42- Cellulose is undigestible by humans, but
parents because they were already keen on herbivores, such as cows and horses, ---- it
the idea. because they retain it long enough for
digestion by microorganisms present in their
A) ought not to try digestive systems.
B) didn't need to try
C) needn't have tried A) can digest
D) mustn't try B) have to digest
E) wasn't able to try C) used to digest
D) have digested
37- When it was completed, the Eiffel Tower ---- E) ought to digest
the tallest building in the world, but now
there are many others which are taller than 43- Using lasers to produce extremely short and
the Eiffel Tower. repeatable pulses of light, today scientists
---- events happening in time intervals as
A) would be short as 1,000 trillionth of a second.
B) must be
C) used to be A) must have measured
D) was B) were measuring
E) has been C) used to measure
D) may have measured
38- Cats are very alert to any movement. For this E) are able to measure
reason, they will pounce when a victim ----,
but ---- prey that remains still. 44- Living cells exist in a variety of shapes; for
example, they ---- cube-shaped or flat.
A) can move/couldn't attack
B) is moving/shouldn't attack A) may be
C) has moved/aren't attacking B) were
D) moved/don't attack C) must be
E) moves/may not attack D) have been
E) ought to be
39- When I lived in England, I ---- Indian food
several times a month, but here in İstanbul 45- We ---- the football match on television
it's virtually impossible to find. yesterday, but we ----, because there was a
power cut.
A) shall eat
B) ought to eat A) should be watching/may not
C) would eat B) were supposed to watch/haven't
D) have eaten C) were going to watch/couldn't
E) had eaten D) had better watch/needn't
E) were watching/aren't
40- A: Mrs. Parkinson ---- three accidents in the
last month. 46- Oh no, look at the sign! We ---- here. These
B: She ---- a very careful driver, then. spaces are for doctors and emergency
A: Couldn't it have been just bad luck? patients only.
A) was having/can't be A) needn't have parked

B) has/shouldn't be B) won't be parking
C) has had/must not be C) haven't got to park
D) is having/wasn't D) aren't supposed to park
E) used to have/isn't E) couldn't have parked
41- The weather is awful again today. Let's look 47- You ---- your children some freedom;
in the newspaper. There ---- a good film otherwise, they will resent you.
showing at the cinema.
A) used to allow
A) can be B) must allow
B) had to be C) have allowed
C) would rather be D) allow
D) might be E) are able to allow
E) should have been
54
48- It's not easy learning Turkish at home. Do 54- I'd rather ---- the match on television than
you think I ---- an evening course? here in the pouring rain. I'm sure we'll all
catch a cold.
A) must have taken
B) have taken A) I watched
C) should take B) have watched
D) had to take C) to watch
E) used to take D) to have watched
E) be watching
49- I refused to give my son any money for the
‘Mega Death’ sweatshirt he wants to buy, but 55- You knew that we had to walk a long way
I'm sure he'll try to get some from his today, so you really ---- those high heeled
grandmother. I would really rather she ---- shoes. You only have yourself to blame for
him the money, because I don't want him to your aching feet.
wear such an awful thing.
A) don't have to wear
A) didn't lend B) must not have worn
B) won't lend C) shouldn't have worn
C) not to lend D) might not wear
D) not lending E) can't have worn
E) had better not lend
56- I think Victoria ---- to the party, although she
50- He ---- safety goggles, but he wasn't and, as really wants to, because she is flying to
a result, the hot steel badly damaged his Paris the next day and has to pack her
eyes. things.
A) could have been wearing A) may not come

B) must have been wearing B) couldn't come
C) had been wearing C) wouldn't come
D) should be wearing D) didn't come
E) ought to have been wearing E) must not come
51- I ---- my car last week if I had accepted 57- You ---- this report to the managing director
Jame’s offer. He offered me two thousand personally. Do you understand?
dollars for it, but I wanted more.
A) would sooner hand
A) used to sell B) would like to hand
B) could have sold C) may have handed
C) had sold D) are to hand
D) may have sold E) have handed
E) was able to sell
58- You ---- for the cocktail party after the
52- In parts of Africa, women still ---- water a conference if you are worried about arriving
long way to their villages. home late.
A) used to carry A) needn't have stayed

B) might carry B) don't have to stay
C) could have carried C) haven't stayed
D) have to carry D) weren't able to stay
E) must have carried E) didn't use to stay
53- Why did you bother so much trying to 59- He ---- handball quite often, but his new job
change your money? You ---- it, you know, requires him to travel a lot now, so he
as they accept US dollars in Mexico. doesn't have time any more.
A) couldn't have changed A) must have played

B) haven't changed B) has to play
C) didn't use to change C) should be playing
D) needn't have changed D) could have played
E) can't change E) used to play
55
60- Would you mind ---- your cigarette smoke in 67- He is so poor now it's hard to believe that
my face? It is getting on my nerves. when he was young, he ---- down the street
in his Rolls Royce or sometimes his Jaguar
A) not to blow car.
B) not blowing
C) didn't blow A) has been driving
D) haven't blown B) would drive
E) not blow C) should have driven
D) has driven
61- You ---- your jacket on a clothes hanger and E) may be driving
not leave it on the chair. You'll crease it.
68- Just as my daughter was about to leave the
A) must have hung house on her wedding day, my son spilt
B) would hang some tea on her dress. Fortunately, we ----
C) may hang the stain with some special soap before the
D) ought to hang wedding took place.
E) will have hung
A) were able to remove
62- It is a long journey and there may not be any B) must have removed
restaurants on the way. You ---- something C) might be removing
before you leave. D) could remove
E) used to remove
A) might have eaten
B) would eat 69- A: Is Julian not visiting Aunt May with us
C) had better eat today?
D) are able to eat B:Well, he's been called out to an
E) must have eaten emergency, but he ---- us there if he finishes
early.
63- I knew that Marcus didn't have much money,
but he has just bought a new car. He ---- the A) has joined
money from someone. B) could have joined
C) was joining
A) could borrow D) might join
B) must have borrowed E) would be joining
C) would rather have borrowed
D) is able to borrow 70- A: What were you doing at the bank yesterday?
E) is supposed to borrow B: I ---- my bank manager for a loan to repair
our house, and luckily, I managed to get it.
64- ---- I get some plates while you are cutting
the cake? A) must have asked
B) used to ask
A) Do C) had to ask
B) Shall D) should have asked
C) Let E) ought to ask
D) Did
E) Would 71- A: I can't believe Jane isn't here to collect
her award.
65- We ---- anything tonight. We ---- the leftovers B: She ---- the invitation. We definitely
from yesterday's dinner party. should have checked that she had got it.
A) didn't cook/used to eat A) would rather not receive

B) must not have cooked/will eat B) had better not receive
C) won't have cooked/should eat C) isn't supposed to receive
D) might not cook/would eat D) needn't have received
E) needn't cook/can eat E) must not have received
66- You ---- your own canoe in order to join the 72- A: Did you speak to Sam about the plans for
canoe club. They cost a lot of money. You the cake sale to raise money for charity?
---- mine whenever you want to go canoeing. B: Yes, I did and she ---- bake some biscuits
and cakes if she has time.
A) mustn't buy/had borrowed
B) won't have bought/should borrow A) might be able to
C) needn't buy/can borrow B) was able to
D) might not buy/would borrow C) used to
E) can't buy/used to borrow D) had better
E) has had to
56
73- Our plane ---- in Cairo hours ago, but we 79- I can't understand why Dad is now so careful
haven't even taken off from Heathrow yet. with his money. He ---- such a generous
person.
A) was supposed to land
B) must have landed A) would be
C) ought to be landing B) has been
D) will have landed C) used to be
E) might be landing D) will be
E) must be
74- This steak is a little undercooked for my
taste. ---- putting it back under the grill for 80- Trade is so poor these days! We just ---- two
another five minutes? cars since I started here a month ago.
A) Why don't you A) have been able to sell

B) Would you mind B) used to sell
C) Would you like C) had to sell
D) Do you prefer D) will have sold
E) Do you mind if I E) are supposed to sell
75- A: I wonder why Mary didn't want to come 81- A: ---- we drive to Sultan Ahmet in our new
shopping in Oxford Street with us. car?
B: I don't know. She ---- short of money B: Well, I ---- take the ferry to avoid the
these days because her new kitchen cost traffic.
her a lot of money.
A) May/must
A) will be B) Can/would like
B) has been C) Must/prefer
C) can be D) Shall/would sooner
D) would be E) Would/had better
E) could be
82- I was going to write my essay about the
76- I ---- to the office to send e-mail any longer. British nuclear tests in the Australian desert,
The company has bought me a lap top but I ---- the topic when I ---- much
computer and a mobile phone which can be information about them.
used for electronic mail and the Internet.
A) have changed/wasn't able to find
A) didn't use to return B) had to change/couldn't find
B) may not return C) must change/haven't found
C) needn't have returned D) might have changed/don't find
D) don't have to return E) used to change/might not find
E) must not have returned
83- ---- you do me a favour please? ---- you ask
77- You ---- so envious of your brother. He is so Mrs Green if the interview room is available?
successful because, unlike you, he works
extremely hard. A) Might/May
B) May/Could
A) haven't been C) Would/Do
B) won't be D) Shall/Might
C) weren't E) Could/Would
D) shouldn't be
E) may not be 84- I was falling asleep while I was typing my
speech last night. The only way I ---- awake
78- Oh dear, we seem to have run out of salt. was by drinking lots of strong coffee.
I ---- to the corner shop before dinner.
A) ought to stay
A) am able to go B) would rather stay
B) needed to go C) have stayed
C) could have gone D) may stay
D) must have gone E) could stay
E) will have to go
57
85- ---- you hold this shelf here while I go and 91- George ---- better in the tennis tournament
get my hammer? than I thought he ---- because he got through
to the finals.
A) May
B) Must A) must have played/could
C) Should B) will have played/ought to
D) Will C) should be playing/did
E) Shall D) ought to play/can
E) had better play/should
86- The tyres of my car ---- thin already. I only
replaced them in January. I'll have to buy 92- Ever since he took on this part-time job, he
better quality ones next time. ---- enough time on his studies.
A) shouldn't have worn A) can't spend

B) needn't have worn B) isn't able to spend
C) didn't wear C) hasn't been able to spend
D) aren't supposed to wear D) wasn't able to spend
E) haven't worn E) couldn't spend
87- According to their letter, we ---- them with a 93- Now that they have raised the prices at the
copy of our company's accounts before we gym, I ---- going there, or I'll have difficulty
can order any cars on contract hire. paying it.
A) have supplied A) must have stopped

B) have to supply B) used to stop
C) may have supplied C) had better stop
D) used to supply D) might have stopped
E) had supplied E) had stopped
88- I suppose I ---- to type his report for him, but, 94- My brother's eyesight is perfect, but I ----
at the time, I didn't know how important it glasses since I was seven years old.
was.
A) ought to wear
A) have had to offer B) must have worn
B) may have offered C) have to wear
C) could have offered D) had better wear
D) would rather offer E) have had to wear
E) was able to offer
95- Would you mind if I ---- these trade
89- A: Why is Mum still in hospital? She ---- magazines home to read? I never get time to
home today. read them in the office.
B: They wanted to do some more tests.
A) to take
A) must have come B) took
B) was supposed to come C) am taking
C) had better come D) taking
D) used to come E) have taken
E) may have come
96- I am really surprised that Robby hasn't
90- I'd like to have some people for dinner signed up yet for the skiing holiday this year.
tonight, but it is too late to ask anyone He ---- the first to book every year.
because they ---- their plans already.
A) will be
A) had better make B) may have been
B) used to make C) would be
C) are making D) could be
D) may have made E) used to be
E) can make
58
97- Your mother ---- a restaurant. She is such a 103- A: Peter in the accounts department retired
wonderful cook. If she opened a restaurant, yesterday.
I'm sure it would be full every night. B: He ---- permanently yesterday. I saw him
at his desk only this morning.
A) must have opened A: Oh, well, he had his retirement
B) used to open presentation yesterday, but perhaps that
C) should open was because the Chairman was here. Maybe
D) would open he is leaving on Friday.
E) was able to open
A) can't have left
98- We ---- offices soon. I saw the boss this B) ought not to leave
morning viewing the new office block next to C) hasn't left
the station. D) needn't have left
E) had better not leave
A) would rather be moving
B) had better move 104- I really miss Istanbul, where I lived when I
C) would have moved was younger. On summer evenings, we ----
D) may be moving along the coast by the Sea of Marmara when
E) have been moving the Sun was setting behind Kınalıada.
99- A: Did you have a busy day at the shop? If A) ought to walk
you did, you ---- rushed off your feet without B) have walked
me there. C) would walk
B: No, I wasn't. It was quite a quiet day. D) had walked
E) might walk
A) must have been
B) have been 105- A: Julester looks so slim.
C) used to be B: Has she been dieting?
D) would rather be A: Not that I'm aware of.
E) might be B: Well, she ---- very hard then. She goes
horse-riding, doesn't she?
100- I was just about to buy a new pair when the
police rang to say my handbag had been A) must have been exercising
found with my glasses still inside, so I ---- a B) was exercising
new pair after all. C) had better exercise
D) was able to exercise
A) needn't have bought E) will have been exercising
B) mustn't buy
C) wasn't supposed to buy 106- You ---- a tie on Friday. They don't let men
D) shouldn't have bought into the restaurant unless they are wearing a
E) didn't need to buy tie.
101- A: Why is she still perspiring? She ---- too A) would wear
hot. I've taken her jumper off. B) must wear
B: In that case, she ---- a fever. You'd better C) can wear
take her temperature. D) may wear
E) could wear
A) can't be/must have
B) isn't/would rather have 107- Jennifer ---- the promotion that she is
C) wouldn't be/is having expecting as she hasn't reached her sales
D) needn't be/ought to have target yet.
E) shouldn't be/had
A) shouldn't have got
102- Please Mum, ---- I watch the film tonight? I B) hadn't got
have finished all my homework. C) didn't use to get
D) wasn't getting
A) would E) may not get
B) may
C) do 108- Alfred ---- his ankle badly as we ---- in the
D) should mountains last Saturday.
E) must
A) used to sprain/hiked
B) has sprained/could be hiking
C) must have sprained/have hiked
D) sprained/were hiking
E) may sprain/have been hiking
59
109- Mum, according to what the doctor 115- I'm glad that you ---- your father to let you
instructed you to do, you ---- any salt on come on this trip with us. It wouldn't be so
your food, you know if you insist on eating enjoyable without you!
that much salt, you're bound to have another
heart attack. A) must have persuaded
B) could have persuaded
A) needn't have put C) might be persuading
B) didn't use to put D) were able to persuade
C) haven't put E) used to persuade
D) don't have to put
E) aren't supposed to put 116- You ---- the meeting this week if you are too
busy. There is going to be another one next
110- ---- I look after Katie for a couple of hours so week and you ---- to that one.
that you and Kevin can go to the cinema?
A) might not attend/would go
A) Would B) needn't attend/can go
B) Let C) can't attend/have gone
C) Do D) won't have attended/go
D) Did E) didn't attend/used to go
E) Shall
117- You look as if you are having trouble with
111- During the strike of the railway workers, your homework. ---- you like me to help you
many commuters ---- a taxi to and from work with it?
by coming three or four people together so
that they could afford it. A) Could
B) Did
A) have been hiring C) May
B) had to hire D) Would
C) ought to hire E) Shall
D) will be hiring
E) might hire 118- I thought that I had my keys with me, but I
can't find them in my coat. I ---- them in my
112- We ---- by the river, but unfortunately, the other coat.
riverside car park was full.
A) am supposed to leave
A) should be parking B) am able to leave
B) had parked C) would rather have left
C) had better park D) must have left
D) were going to park E) could leave
E) are supposed to park
119- I've heard that Mr. Demear is the toughest
113- You ---- some more appointments to get teacher for this course. You ---- to get
some more business. You're never going to another teacher, or you can't get a good
achieve your sales target at this rate. mark.
A) used to make A) had better try

B) were making B) must have tried
C) should make C) have tried
D) have made D) would try
E) would make E) might have tried
114- You haven't got time to do the gardening. I 120- You ---- to bed early the night before an
think you ---- a gardener, don't you think so? exam. A good night's sleep will do you more
good than studying all night and then falling
A) ought to employ asleep in the exam.
B) have employed
C) are employing A) will have gone
D) must have employed B) may go
E) employed C) ought to go
D) would go
E) would rather go
60
121- Would you mind ---- your music so loudly? 128- You ---- your plane ticket so far in advance
I'm trying to study. because flights to Birmingham are never full.
A) not play A) can't buy

B) not playing B) needn't have bought
C) didn't play C) didn't use to buy
D) not to play D) haven't bought
E) haven't played E) couldn't have bought
122- The former president never ---- to the press, 129- In Iran and Saudi Arabia, all women ---- their
but this one is much more accessible. heads outside of the house, but in most
Muslim countries it is optional.
A) could have talked
B) should be talking A) have to cover
C) must have talked B) must have covered
D) has to talk C) could be covering
E) used to talk D) might cover
E) used to cover
123- Hurray! We ---- to school today because it is
snowing so hard. 130- I ---- a stockbroker if I had wanted to, but I
thought life as a bass guitarist in a heavy
A) haven't been going metal band would be far more interesting.
B) shouldn't have gone
C) must not have gone A) was able to become
D) don't have to go B) may have become
E) may not have gone C) had become
D) could have become
124- Wilber ---- smoking and eating meat after his E) used to become
heart attack, but he didn't and now he has
had a second one. 131- You ---- more carefully. Now the insurance
company won't pay you anything because
A) should have stopped the accident was your fault.
B) must have stopped
C) was able to stop A) must have been driving
D) will have stopped B) should be driving
E) used to stop C) had been driving
D) ought to have been driving
125- According to the weather report, it ---- E) have been driving
tomorrow, and if it does, we ---- the hike I've
been looking forward to. 132- I'd rather you ---- out tonight because,
according to the news, there could be
A) ought to rain/cancelled trouble downtown.
B) must rain/were able to cancel
C) may rain/will have to cancel A) haven't gone
D) would be raining/had to cancel B) not to go
E) has been raining/must cancel C) didn't go
D) won't go
126- I know you have a lot of work to do, but it is E) not going
your own fault; you ---- everything until the
last minute. 133- A friend of mine told me that I ---- India in the
summer, because that is the monsoon
A) can't have left season, when it is both too hot and too wet.
B) might not leave
C) must not have left A) didn't use to visit
D) shouldn't have left B) needn't visit
E) haven't been leaving C) haven't visited
D) might not visit
127- I'd really rather ---- in Hawaii at the moment E) shouldn't visit
than stuck behind this desk all day.
A) I am surfing
B) to be surfing
C) to surf
D) have surfed
E) be surfing
61
134- Hawaii is such an expensive place to live 140- There are some sounds that are out of the
and the wages are so low that you ---- very range of the human ear but which dogs ----
hard just to get by.
A) ought to hear
A) are able to work B) have heard
B) have to work C) can hear
C) have worked D) have to hear
D) must have worked E) used to hear
E) used to work
141- My sister ---- a German teacher because her
135- We had better hurry if we want to get back to German was fluent, but she decided to
the hotel before the curfew. No one ---- out become an accountant instead.
after dark, except for the patrol forces, you
know. A) has become
B) had to become
A) could have been C) will become
B) is supposed to be D) could have become
C) has been E) must have become
D) has to be
E) should have been 142- You ---- me at work. The boss was really
angry because he had warned me before
136- Mike couldn't attend university because he about personal calls.
---- his family when his father died.
A) must not have phoned
A) had to support B) shouldn't have phoned
B) must have supported C) didn't phone
C) could be supporting D) didn't use to phone
D) has been supporting E) can't have phoned
E) will have supported
143- Sally ---- Italian like a native, but since she
137- Petroleum deposits can occur almost moved to Indiana, she has forgotten most of
anywhere; they ---- under deserts, under it.
fertile land, or even under the sea.
A) used to speak
A) ought to be B) had spoken
B) may be C) was supposed to speak
C) must be D) has been speaking
D) were E) must have spoken
E) should have been
144- While there seem to be plenty of unexploited
138- Using the latest and most expensive petroleum reserves, some experts worry that
technology, including nuclear batteries, there ---- enough to carry us through the
space scientists ---- to the furthest reaches next century.
of our solar system now.
A) may not be
A) were probing B) haven't been
B) may have probed C) didn't use to be
C) used to probe D) don't have to be
D) are able to probe E) had better not be
E) must have probed
145- Today no one can imagine what a battle at
139- Now, remember, when you are in the race, sea was like in the days of sail. It ---- both an
you ---- to run too fast in the first few laps impressive and a frightening sight.
because you will need plenty of energy for
the final sprint. A) might be
B) could be
A) haven't tried C) ought to be
B) shouldn't have tried D) has been
C) mustn't try E) must have been
D) might not try
E) didn't use to try
62
146- When we went to Japan, we ---- anything for 152- Would you mind if I ---- early this afternoon? I
ourselves because our Japanese hosts took have a dentist appointment at 4:30.
care of everything.
A) to leave
A) must not have done B) had left
B) needn't have done C) leaving
C) didn't need to do D) left
D) couldn't have done E) have left
E) ought not to do
153- I'm so glad that I ---- to the meeting place on
147- A: I hear a noise coming from the kitchen. time yesterday despite the heavy traffic, or
B: My greedy brother ---- for something to the boss would have been really annoyed.
eat.
A) was able to get
A) must be looking B) have got
B) should have looked C) used to get
C) used to look D) should have got
D) ought to be looking E) had to get
E) has looked
154- Sean ---- married three months ago and since
148- A: Did you know that classes were cancelled then he ---- out drinking with his old friends.
yesterday because the heating in the
building failed? A) had got/ought not to go
B: No, but I ---- anyway because I was in bed B) used to get/couldn't have gone
all day with flu. C) got/hasn't been able to go
D) has got/shouldn't be going
A) didn't use to attend E) was getting/didn't have to go
B) won't be attending
C) must not have attended 155- These days, he ---- to stop smoking and
D) haven't attended playing cards as well because his wife is so
E) couldn't have attended strict with him, so his life will have changed
completely soon.
149- I know I ---- for a job, but there are so few
jobs for a person of my abilities that it is A) used to try
discouraging. B) is trying
C) tried
A) had been looking D) had to try
B) ought to look E) could have tried
C) must have looked
D) was able to look 156- It is hardly surprising that sometimes he gets
E) used to look depressed I wonders if he really ---- married.
150- I ---- the same computer program when I A) could have got
worked at a bank, so it ---- easy for me to B) must have got
adjust to this new job. C) used to get
D) had better get
A) should be using/could be E) ought to have got
B) used to use/should be
C) need to use/would be 157- Though Sally ---- how to swim, when she met
D) must have used/must be a young man who was a professional diver,
E) might have used/can be she learned quickly.
151- He ---- as carefully as he claimed he was. A) hasn't known

Why did he bump into the lamp post then? B) might not know
C) can't know
A) doesn't have to drive D) wouldn't know
B) isn't supposed to drive E) didn't know
C) won't have been driving
D) shouldn't have driven 158- Our father never earned much money, but he
E) can't have been driving ---- something nice for us whenever he ----.
A) should buy/did
B) had to buy/does
C) would buy/could do
D) must have bought/can do
E) would rather buy/has done
63
159- Where have you been? You ---- here at 2 166- You ---- an expensive set of cassettes for
o'clock, and it's almost 3. your English course. We ---- mine together.
A) must have been A) can't buy/have used

B) were supposed to be B) might not buy/must use
C) were able to be C) won't have bought/should use
D) are going to be D) mustn't buy/had used
E) have been E) needn't buy/can use
160- I told my flatmate to buy some bread, but he 167- During WW II, the King and Queen ----
---- because there isn't any here. Londoners whose homes had been bombed.
A) must have forgotten A) have been visiting

B) ought to be forgetting B) have visited
C) could forget C) may be visiting
D) should have forgotten D) would visit
E) was able to forget E) ought to visit
161- Sue has only been in Egypt for a year and 168- He was stranded with a broken leg for four
she already speaks Arabic fluently, She ---- it days. Luckily, he ---- alive by drinking rain
that quickly. I'm sure she had started water.
studying it before she left England.
A) was able to stay
A) shouldn't have learned B) has had to stay
B) won't have learned C) used to stay
C) can't have learned D) might be staying
D) didn't use to learn E) should stay
E) isn't supposed to learn
169- It is a bad burn on his left arm, but it ----
162- Do you think Jeff ---- to join us on our hike? completely if he puts plenty of burn cream
Does he like this sort of activity? on it regularly.
A) would rather A) might heal

B) was able B) has healed
C) has been able C) could have healed
D) had better D) was healing
E) would like E) would be healing
163- Sam is such a good swimmer that he ---- the 170- I put too much salt in my leek and potato
Olympic record for the 100 metre race, but soup. It was so salty that I ---- it away.
unfortunately, he didn't compete because of
a pulled shoulder muscle. A) was able to throw
B) used to tlirow
A) is going to break C) must have thrown
B) must have broken D) had to throw
C) could have broken E) ought to throw
D) is supposed to break
E) had to break 171- I wonder what the problem was in the
restaurant last night. Three members of staff
164- Hey, watch where you are going! You ---- me! ---- tables, but there was only one. I must
speak to the restaurant manager.
A) could have killed
B) should have killed A) could be clearing
C) have killed B) ought to be clearing
D) will have killed C) should have been clearing
E) used to kill D) must have been clearing
E) were clearing
165- Would you mind ---- the patient's bedside for
a few minutes? I'll give him an injection. 172- Look! Those foreign tourists are smoking in
a “no smoking” area. They ---- the signs.
A) leave
B) left A) aren't supposed to see
C) to leave B) had better not see
D) I left C) must not have seen
E) leaving D) would rather not have seen
E) needn't have seen
64
173- A: Did you ask Sonia whether she could 179- You ---- your bicycle outside the office
work some extra hours next week? without a padlock and chain on it someone
B: I did, and she ---- work on Friday, but she ---- it.
needs to speak to her mother about her
children first. A) haven't left/can steal
B) can't leave/should steal
A) had better C) may not leave/ought to steal
B) has had to D) shouldn't leave/might steal
C) used to E) won't leave/may steal
D) might be able to
E) was able to 180- Isabel has grown out of most of her dresses.
I ---- her some new ones.
174- The finance department ---- a new clerk by
now, but nobody replied to their A) must have bought
advertisement and they will have to B) used to buy
advertise the position again. C) will have to buy
D) needed to buy
A) must have hired E) was able to buy
B) should have hired
C) ought to hire 181- The Elms hospital ---- such a good
D) will have hired reputation, but the new owners don't run the
E) might be hiring establishment very well.
175- Would you mind ---- down during the match? A) had to have
I can't see the game! B) must have
C) used to have
A) sitting D) will have
B) to sit E) would have
C) sit
D) sat 182- Mrs Jones ---- out at night since she was
E) have sat attacked by two young men. She gets too
frightened in case something happens again.
176- A: I wonder where Wendy is. It's unusual for
her not to come to the club. A) didn't use to go
B: She ---- too tired. She went to a B) hasn't been able to go
conference in London today. C) didn't have to go
D) won't have gone
A) should be E) needn't have gone
B) had to be
C) can be 183- A: ---- we try that new restaurant this
D) could be evening?
E) would be B: I ---- stay in and watch the football match.
177- I ---- Jake put his school uniform on any A) May/would like
more. He can do it himself. B) Can/prefer
C) Do/must
A) may not have helped D) Would/had better
B) couldn't help E) Shall/would sooner
C) must not have helped
D) didn't use to help 184- I wanted a metallic blue Ford Couger, but I
E) don't have to help ---- a green one because the car dealer ---- a
blue one.
178- He ---- his school tie properly, though, so I
normally straighten it for him. A) have accepted/doesn't find
B) had to accept/couldn't find
A) needn't have tied C) must accept/might not have found
B) didn't use to tie D) used to accept/hasn't found
C) shouldn't tie E) might have accepted/can't find
D) can't have tied
E) isn't able to tie
65
185- Unless someone discovers a cure for his 192- What's happened? There appears to be a
condition, he ---- a protective skin cream for programme about the life of the Queen
the rest of his life. Mother on TV, and according to my TV
guide, the football match ---- at the moment.
A) is able to use
B) might have used A) must have been showing
C) was supposed to use B) had better be showing
D) has been using C) is supposed to be showing
E) may have to use D) used to be showing
E) may have been showing
186- The student accommodation was so noisy
that the only way he ---- was by using 193- I'm going into town to buy the rug that I saw
earplugs. last week. Of course, they ---- it by now.
A) ought to sleep A) had better sell

B) could sleep B) used to sell
C) would rather sleep C) are selling
D) has slept D) may have sold
E) may sleep E) can sell
187- ---- you watch Sandra for a minute while I go 194- I ---- these shelves. The dust is so thick that I
into the dress shop? could write my name in it.
A) May A) might have dusted

B) Should B) used to dust
C) Will C) was dusting
D) Must D) must have dusted
E) Shall E) had better dust
188- Look how small my new cardigan has got! It 195- She ---- a replacement babysitter since her
---- though, because it says on the label that last one left town to go to university.
it is machine washable.
A) can't find
A) shouldn't have shrunk B) isn't able to find
B) needn't have shrunk C) hasn't been able to find
C) wasn't going to shrink D) wasn't able to find
D) must not have shrunk E) couldn't find
E) hasn't been shrinking
196- My grandmother doesn't have any hearing
189- You ---- for planning permission from the problems, but my grandfather ---- a hearing
council before you can build a garage next aid since he was fifty.
to your house.
A) ought to wear
A) had applied B) must wear
B) used to apply C) has had to wear
C) have to apply D) has to wear
D) may have applied E) had better wear
E) were applying
197- Would you mind if I ---- some of the leftover
190- I ---- you that the banks close at 4 p.m. in sandwiches home for my family? I hate to
Whitchurch, but you didn't ask me. waste good food.
A) could have told A) to take

B) might tell B) am taking
C) can tell C) taking
D) had told D) took
E) am going to tell E) have taken
191- Sophie ---- the rest of the cake because there 198- You ---- Katy to horse riding lessons. She
is none left now. loves horses.
A) must have eaten A) should send

B) will have eaten B) must have sent
C) should be eating C) were sending
D) ought to eat D) would rather send
E) would rather eat E) would send
66
199- Have you noticed how well Steve and Chris 205- A: What's the matter with our television?
have been getting along lately? They ---- so B: It ---- the television set because the
abrupt with each other just until a few television in the bedroom isn't receiving a
months ago. signal either. There ---- a problem with the
signal.
A) have been
B) used to be A) isn't/would rather be
C) would be B) can't be/must be
D) may have been C) wouldn't be/is
E) can be D) needn't be/ought to be
E) shouldn't have been/was
200- I believe that we ---- some improvements in
average waiting times soon as they have 206- When the party turned to real chaos, I
employed two new nurses. realised that I ---- only close friends and
relatives instead of so many people.
A) would rather see
B) used to see A) should have invited
C) may be seeing B) would rather invite
D) have had to see C) had better invite
E) are able to see D) must have invited
E) ought to be inviting
201- A: Did you turn the electric water heater on?
B: Yes, an hour ago. 207- When we were children, we ---- in Pikes Pool
A: Well, it ---- properly because the water is even though we ---- because it was both
only slightly warm. dangerous and dirty.
A) shouldn't have worked A) would swim/weren't supposed to

B) ought not to work B) ought to swim/didn't have to
C) needn't work C) have swum/shouldn't have to
D) can't be working D) might swim/weren't able to
E) hadn't been working E) had swum/ought not to
202- A: You left your raincoat here. 208- The directors have examined the accounts
B: I know and it rained on my way home. and it seems that the finance clerk ---- money
A: You ---- soaked. for quite some time now.
B: Yes, I was, and I will remember to take my
coat next time. A) had better steal
B) will have been stealing
A) must have been C) must have been stealing
B) have been D) ought to be stealing
C) used to be E) used to steal
D) were supposed to be
E) might be 209- You ---- your child's clothes. We ----
responsible for unlabelled items.
203- I ---- this morning filling out an application
form and writing a letter for a job because, A) would label/mustn't be
just when I'd finished, I received a phone call B) can label/needn't be
and was offered a job I had applied for C) may label/had better not be
earlier. D) must label/won't be
E) had labelled/would rather not be
A) mustn't spend
B) needn't have spent 210- The doctors say my father ---- a major
C) wasn't supposed to spend operation. It is possible that they will use
D) shouldn't be spending laser technology.
E) didn't need to spend
A) didn't require
204- According to the label on this hair dye, it ---- B) might not have required
out my hair, but my hair feels like straw now. C) hadn't required
D) shouldn't have required
A) needn't have dried E) may not require
B) didn't use to dry
C) hasn't dried
D) doesn't have to dry
E) isn't supposed to dry
67
211- A shark ---- him while he ---- off the 218- The saddle on my bicycle is a bit high for
Australian coast. you. ---- you like me to adjust it for you?
A) may attack/has been swimming A) Could

B) must have attacked/has swum B) Shall
C) has attacked/has been swimming C) Might
D) attacked/was swimming D) Would
E) used to attack/swam E) May
212- ---- I bring a bottle of wine to the party this 219- The sheep have escaped from the top field.
evening? Someone ---- the gate open.
A) Would A) must have left

B) Do B) could leave
C) Let C) should have left
D) Shall D) was able to leave
E) Did E) is supposed to leave
213- During WW II, many women in the UK ---- the 220- You ---- the management about your
dye extracted from clay sand to make their suspicions of the accountant until you are
legs brown as they ---- to buy stockings. certain.
A) may have used/can't afford A) might not have told

B) should have used/haven't afforded B) wouldn't be telling
C) had to use/couldn't afford C) haven't told
D) would use/aren't able to afford D) must not have told
E) were using/shouldn't have afforded E) had better not tell
214- My washing machine broke down last week, 221- You ---- more respectful to your mother.
and since then, I ---- everything by hand. She's been looking after you very well for
fifteen years.
A) might be washing
B) have had to wash A) ought to be
C) could have washed B) will have been
D) should be washing C) may be
E) am supposed to wash D) would be
E) would rather be
215- I ---- home from Heather's last night, but
because of the fog, I spent the night at her 222- My previous doctor ---- about my family and
house. my job, but my current one never chats at
all.
A) must have driven
B) had better drive A) could have asked
C) was going to drive B) used to ask
D) should be driving C) should be asking
E) have been driving D) had to ask
E) must have asked
216- You ---- accommodation for your weekend in
Cornwall. You ---- in our caravan by the sea. 223- Would you mind ---- your sandwiches here?
This area belongs to the hotel.
A) might not book/would stay
B) can't book/have stayed A) didn't eat
C) won't have booked/stay B) not eat
D) needn't book/can stay C) not eating
E) shouldn't book/will have stayed D) not to eat
E) haven't eaten
217- Oh no! The boat is drifting down the river.
We ---- the rope properly. 224- You ---- your alarm clock. I'll bring you a cup
of tea at 7 a.m.
A) didn't use to secure
B) ought not to have secured A) haven't been setting
C) can't have secured B) shouldn't have set
D) won't have secured C) must not have set
E) may not secure D) don't have to set
E) may not have set
68
225- The mountain rescue team think the 232- When the Chief Fire Officer saw the two
climber's leg ---- broken, and thus they ---- firemen drinking beer in the fire station, they
him down on a stretcher. got a warning because they ---- so when on
duty.
A) can be/were carrying
B) should be/had to carry A) ought not to have been doing
C) may be/will have to carry B) must not have been doing
D) would be/would rather carry C) shouldn't be doing
E) has been/must have carried D) hadn't been doing
E) haven't been doing
226- The Smiths ---- their daughter for a
vaccination against measles, but they didn't 233- I would rather you ---- your nails in the
and now she is ill with the disease. lounge. It smells awful.
A) must have taken A) haven't painted

B) should have taken B) not to paint
C) ought to take C) didn't paint
D) will have taken D) won't paint
E) used to take E) not painting
227- A: The bottom of the drawer of my desk has 234- You ---- your son to stroke stray dogs
fallen out. around here. Some of them carry disease.
B: It is your own fault. You ---- it.
A) didn't use to encourage
A) shouldn't have overloaded B) haven't encouraged
B) can't have overloaded C) might not encourage
C) must not have overloaded D) shouldn't encourage
D) haven't been overloading E) needn't encourage
E) might not overload
235- The job of an air stewardess seems very
228- I would rather ---- at home with my family glamorous, but in reality, they ---- long and
than ---- in this hospital bed. unsociable hours.
A) have sat/was lying A) must have worked

B) to be sitting/to lie B) have to work
C) to sit/be lying C) are able to work
D) I am sitting/lie D) have worked
E) be sitting/lying E) used to work
229- You ---- my clothes, but thank you anyway, 236- I'm afraid you are too tall to play on this
Aunt Agatha. inflatable castle. Children over ten years old
---- on it.
A) can't wash
B) didn't use to wash A) couldn't have jumped
C) haven't washed B) haven't jumped
D) needn't have washed C) don't have to jump
E) couldn't be washing D) shouldn't have jumped
E) aren't supposed to jump
230- When Turkish citizens wish to take up German
citizenship, they ---- in their Turkish passports. 237- When they realised that Sonia had stolen a
carton of cigarettes, they felt that they ----
A) used to hand her parents.
B) might hand
C) could be handing A) had to tell
D) have to hand B) can tell
E) must have handed C) must have told
D) could be telling
231- I ---- a manager last month, when the old E) have been telling
manager left, but I prefer working with
clients to managing staff.
A) am able to become
B) could have become
C) had become
D) used to become
E) may have become
69
238- Peppers are a common food in Mediterranean 245- Unfortunately, there ---- enough students to
countries. Although they are usually red, run the course on Celtic mythology next
green or yellow, they ---- black as well. term. We will have to wait and see.
A) may be A) ought not to be

B) must be B) don't have to be
C) were C) couldn't be
D) should have been D) haven't been
E) might have been E) may not be
239- The Playbarn is a safe play area where 246- The climbers were so happy when they ---- to
parents ---- while their children play. the summit despite all the bad weather
conditions.
A) had better chat
B) should have been chatting A) should be getting
C) are able to chat B) might get
D) may have chatted C) were able to get
E) must be chatting D) could be getting
E) could have got
240- You ---- a cottage pie too long; otherwise, it
will dry out too much. 247- Sally dropped her engagement ring through
a hole in the wooden floor, and
A) haven't cooked unfortunately, ---- it.
B) mustn't cook
C) shouldn't have cooked A) mustn't retrieve
D) might not cook B) may not retrieve
E) didn't use to cook C) needn't retrieve
D) couldn't retrieve
241- In many parts of our country today, people E) shouldn't retrieve
still ---- safe drinking water from their taps.
248- Last night, a fifty-year-old woman was found
A) shouldn't obtain dead by the side of the road. She had died
B) didn't use to obtain because plastic packages of drugs had burst
C) don't have to obtain in her stomach. She ---- cocaine.
D) can't obtain
E) mustn't obtain A) ought to be smuggling
B) may be smuggling
242- I'd rather Jim ---- my opinion before he C) must have been smuggling
reserved a table at the Indian restaurant. I D) has been smuggling
hate spicy food. E) could be smuggling
A) to be asking 249- They ---- something very fiercely, so I didn't

B) has asked enter the room in order not to interrupt them.
C) to have asked
D) asked A) used to discuss
E) had asked B) were discussing
C) must be discussing
243- You ---- the children a trip to Disneyland. D) have discussed
They won't forget, you know, and we can't E) should be discussing
afford to take them at the moment.
250- Hayley ---- to Australia although she ---- to
A) don't promise because it was an opportunity of a better life
B) may not have promised for her family.
C) shouldn't have promised
D) must not have promised A) must have moved/doesn't want
E) won't have promised B) ought to move/wouldn't want
C) used to move/couldn't want
244- She ---- a translator on her business trips to D) can move/hasn't wanted
France, but now her own French is good E) had to move/didn't want
enough for her to manage on her own.
A) used to need
B) will need
C) could have needed
D) may be needing
E) must be needing
70
MODALS (CÜMLE TAMAMLAMA)
1- You have had to do a lot of overtime this week, 6- Would you mind taking the trash out ----.
----.
A) before it overflowed so much
A) so we had managed to hand in the order on B) until it starts to smell bad
time C) while you are taking a shower
B) while they are renewing the production line D) when you leave the house
C) so that the company has gone bankrupt E) whenever it was your turn
D) when orders began to flood in one after
another 7- She hasn't had to work ----.
E) but next week should be a lot easier
A) although she needs money just to meet her
2- ----, or he wouldn't be having such difficulty basic necessities
now trying to prove his whereabouts. B) ever since she won a big lottery jackpot a
few years ago
A) He has always tried to stay away from trouble C) when she stayed in Tanzania for one year
B) Whenever someone commits a crime due to her husband's profession
somewhere in town D) as she looked very nervous during the
C) He must have been doing something illegal at whole interview
the time of the crime anyway E) every time she finds a job and gets
D) No one actually saw him commit the crime for dismissed after a few months
which he was arrested
E) He still maintains that he was treated badly in 8- ---- while they are on the plane because it
prison interferes with the navigation system.
3- Some people are capable of working A) Passengers must turn their mobile phones
exceptionally well when under pressure, ----. off
B) Those on board the plane must keep their
A) but people can make stress work for them as seat in an upright position
a source of energy C) The cabin crew will tell us when we needn't
B) while others may be unable to function at all fasten our seatbelt
under similar circumstances D) There are several catering firms which
C) so they should allow time for pleasurable provide food for airlines
activities such as taking walks or talking with E) They won't be able to walk without crutches
friends for a while
D) despite several self-relaxation techniques like
deep breathing and meditation 9- ----, so stop blaming yourself for something
E) although health is often determined by the which was beyond your control.
environment and heredity
A) It was you who was driving too fast in the
4- My sister is hoping to be able to earn a lot of snow
money ----. B) You must find the time to spend with your
daughter, who is rather at an awkward age
A) when she started her own business two years C) Your son isn't planning to join a street gang
ago D) It can only have been your negligence that
B) until she realized how wrong she has been led to your daughter's failing the exam
C) and since then, she has had to work even on E) You couldn't have devoted your whole life to
Sundays trying to keep your nephew out of trouble
D) as she didn't want to miss the opportunity
E) once she's opened her own beauty salon 10- By the time he finished yelling at her, ----.
5- ----; however, they used to be close friends and A) she tried to explain the reason for her
spend a lot of time together. action, but he wouldn't listen to him
B) she was in tears because of the hurtful
A) Nowadays, Mike and Dave are avoiding each things he had said
other C) she asked the waiter to put extra dressing
B) No one was in sight when I got to the meeting on her salad
place D) she just walked out of the room without
C) Barbara says that they still haven't put an end saying anything to him
to their relationship E) she has gone to the hairdresser's to get her
D) It's amazing to see that the couple had so hair dyed
much in common
E) Sandra and Mandy have decided to share the
rent
71
11- ----, so I think we should do whatever we can 16- ----, as it is against the law there.
to console her.
A) You don't have to eat pork in Saudi Arabia
A) She used to suffer from very severe B) You can bring your Barbies to Russia
depression C) You needn't speak badly about the Thai
B) She couldn't possibly have been in the monarchy
building at the time D) You mustn't smoke in bars in Ireland
C) It can't be too late to thank her for all her E) Let's not read The Da Vinci Code on holiday
help
D) The death of her husband must be terribly 17- As people have been living there for around
difficult 4,000 years ----.
E) Her thirtieth birthday party was supposed to
be held this Friday A) Stonehenge used to be Britain's most
mysterious tourist attraction
12- Although Darryl has been working B) the Egyptians were able to go to war
somewhat better lately, ----. against the Nubians
C) the Sumerians used to be the most powerful
A) the company may still fire him for his poor people in Mesopotamia
past performance D) the Achaeans had to invade and conquer
B) his ability to do the job required of him has Greece
also improved E) Aleppo may be the oldest continuously
C) this certainly cannot be his fault inhabited city in the world
D) the boss must have praised him highly for it
E) he should not have lost his job because of 18- Although Natasha Demkina claimed she had
that X-ray vision ----.
13- ----, we had better check and see if there is A) she was unable to see a huge metal plate in
any online. someone's skull
B) she said she was able to see the organs
A) Despite the possibility that we may have got inside people's bodies
the answer wrong C) some people must believe that she's telling
B) As no news of the hurricane has been on the truth
TV for some time D) she doesn't need special equipment to
C) Since we don't have to do a lot of studying make a diagnosis
for the upcoming test E) she may have gained this amazing ability
D) No matter how lucky we may seem to be early in her life
E) Even though we could probably have
finished the project on time 19- To get rid of your headache, ----.
14- Because Cynthia isn't feeling well today, ----. A) it must be a migraine
B) you should take an aspirin
A) it must have been her fault and not mine or C) you must have been very stressed
yours D) it might just go away on its own
B) her steak might be very undercooked E) you'd rather do some serious studying
C) many people seem to be getting rather sick
lately 20- Visitors from Turkey can get confused on
D) the illness could turn into an epidemic at roads in Cyprus, ----.
almost any time
E) she would rather not come out to the A) though the British must have designed the
cinema with us tonight system
B) and they are able to communicate easily as
15- ---- without thinking how they would affect well
the others. C) because they are supposed to be on
holiday
A) You certainly shouldn't have said such D) since they must be using Turkish currency
nasty things E) as there they have to drive on the left-hand
B) Ronald probably won't be able to come to side
the dance this evening
C) Almost as soon as we had arrived at the
meeting
D) Louise must be one of the sweetest people
I've ever met
E) We must not have made ourselves
completely understood
72
21- ---- than deal with the causes of war.
A) The Sri Lankan peace process may

permanently end the hostilities
B) Western countries should stop interfering in
the Middle East
C) Governments around the world would
sooner spend money on weapons
D) The United Nations Security Council ought
to include more members
E) Any attempt to promote peace must
examine both sides of the issue
22- ----, but they had sold out by the time I got
there.
A) I was supposed to buy some bread from the

bakery
B) I could have paid your heating bill for you
C) I must have watched this Cem Yılmaz DVD
a hundred times
D) I had to work in the shop for the whole
afternoon
E) I couldn't find any good tangerines at the
market
23- Instead of going to a cafe, ----.
A) a cappuccino must be very expensive there

B) we always travel to work by minibus
C) I'd rather go somewhere for a cup of coffee
D) let's spend the afternoon by the sea
E) I have enough money to pay for it
24- ----, but now he is a celebrated novelist.
A) Kazuo Ishiguro prefers to produce works of

fiction
B) Julian Barnes can speak French fluently
C) Colm Toibin used to be a magazine editor
D) J.M. Coetzee may have won the Nobel
Prize for literature
E) Achmat Dangor must have read Franz
Kafka
25- ----, but she had no birth certificate, so

nobody knows for certain.
A) Amelia Earhart must have died somewhere

over the Pacific Ocean
B) Katrina Cuaresma Sapal may have been
the oldest person on earth
C) The singer Tina Turner used to have the
name Anna Mae Bullock
D) The British government preferred to deny a
visa to Leila Khaled
E) Women may live for a longer time on
average than men
73
PASSIVE STRUCTURES
1- The town of Balboa is situated on the site of 7- Our manager usually comes to work dressed
a swamp, which ---- with the rocks dug out ---- a three piece pinstriped suit.
while the Panama Canal ---- .
A) with
A) has been filled/was constructing B) on
B) has been filling/will be constructed C) in
C) was filling/had been constructed D) about
D) was filled/was being constructed E) for
E) will be filled/has been constructing
8- The organisers claim that visitors ---- at the
2- The tea tree ---- only in Australia, but exhibits at the EXPO-2000 exhibition in
recently people around the world ---- the oil Hanover, Germany.
for many medicinal purposes.
A) will be amazed
A) grows/have been using B) are going to amaze
B) was grown/were using C) will have amazed
C) has been grown/use D) have been amazing
D) is growing/will have used E) had amazed
E) grew/had been used
9- When you ---- an advertisement, you ---- into
3- Tom Thumb, the famous dwarf of the 19th account the type of people you want to be
century, was born Charles Sherwood attracted to it.
Stratton, but later he ---- by his stage name.
A) are being designed/must take
A) knew B) designed/had better take
B) will know C) are designing/have to take
C) has been known D) will design/have been taken
D) has known E) had designed/will be taking
E) was known
10- The National Lottery ---- twice a week in the
4- Tom Thumb ---- parents of normal height, but UK: Wednesday and Saturday.
he only ---- to a height of 3 feet 4 inches.
A) is drawn
A) has/had been grown B) is drawing
B) had/grew C) was drawing
C) is having/will be grown D) draws
D) had had/will grow E) has drawn
E) was having/has grown
11- At the beginning of the 20th century, most
5- After the workers ---- from their jobs at the solid waste ---- of by dumping it onto vacant
factory, not many of them ---- jobs quickly. land near where it ----.
A) were dismissed/had been found A) had disposed/has generated

B) have been dismissed/were finding B) has been disposed/generates
C) dismiss/are finding C) will have disposed/is generating
D) will have dismissed/can find D) disposed/has been generated
E) had been dismissed/found E) was disposed/was generated
6- Residents who live near the nuclear power 12- Unlike many top tennis tournaments, the
plant worry that their children ---- to matches at Wimbledon are played ---- grass
radioactivity. courts.
A) expose A) with
B) exposed B) about
C) will have exposed C) in
D) had exposed D) on
E) are being exposed E) by
74
13- After I ---- ants in the kitchen, I ---- the crack 19- Because air navigation is concerned with
in the wall with ant powder. direction and distance, the plane must be
equipped ---- devices for measuring these
A) had discovered/filled factors.
B) was discovered/was filled
C) was discovering/should fill A) about
D) have discovered/was filling B) with
E) discover/have been filled C) by
D) on
14- Many home appliances, like vacuum E) from
cleaners or microwave ovens, ---- for their
labour-saving or time-saving capabilities, 20- Of the many methods that are available
while others ---- for their convenience. today, only GPRS navigation ---- for all-
weather flying.
A) have chosen/will purchase
B) are chosen/are purchased A) has been using
C) will be chosen/purchase B) will have used
D) are choosing/have purchased C) can be used
E) choose/will be purchased D) had been used
E) could have used
15- Airliners ---- parachutes because it is
impractical to instruct passengers in their 21- According to the autopsy results, the victim
use in an emergency situation. was shot in the back ---- a semi automatic
hand gun ---- a left-handed person.
A) aren't carried
B) weren't carrying A) for/from
C) won't be carried B) from/with
D) don't carry C) in/about
E) hadn't carried D) with/by
E) by/for
16- You ---- for the name of the caller before you
transfer any calls. 22- Although very often the autopsy ---- only
with forensic, or legal medicine in the
A) used to ask determination of the cause or details of
B) have asked death from foul play, it ---- a number of other
C) may have asked purposes as well.
D) should have asked
E) must ask A) is associated/serves
B) has been associated/is served
17- It's surprising that of the few Viking helmets C) associated/was serving
that ---- in excavations so far, none ---- D) was associated/has been served
horns. E) had associated/served
A) were found/may have 23- The community centre can be used ----
B) were finding/had meetings of the club whenever needed.
C) have been found/have
D) had found/were having A) with
E) are found/are having B) about
C) by
18- The enormously heavy bill which ---- the D) from
shoveler bird its name ---- for feeding on the E) for
surface of ponds and lakes.
24- The manufacturer was ---- with excitement at
A) was given/had been adapting receiving his first large order.
B) has been given/will be adapted
C) was giving/has adapted A) influenced
D) gives/is adapted B) considered
E) will give/had been adapted C) depressed
D) filled
E) covered
75
25- After his brother made his fortune on the 32- Pottery ---- in Kütahya since 800 BC.
stock market, Scott was convinced ---- the
wisdom of investing his money in stocks A) has been making
and shares. B) was made
C) has been made
A) with D) will have been made
B) from E) is being made
C) for
D) at 33- European princes of the 14th and 15th
E) of centuries ---- with some of their prized
possessions, which often included their
26- Police reports ---- that street crime in the UK Anatolian carpets.
---- in most areas recently.
A) would have painted
A) were shown/is increased B) were painting
B) show/has been increasing C) can be painted
C) are showing/had been increased D) used to be painted
D) are shown/will increase E) could be painting
E) have shown/increase
34- During the protest, Winston Churchill's
27- Because more and more mobile phones ----, statue ---- with red paint and several
the mobile phone companies ---- new restaurant windows ---- .
security measures.
A) was splashing/would have broken
A) have stolen/are introducing B) is splashing/are being broken
B) are being stolen/should introduce C) was splashed/were broken
C) are stealing/have introduced D) has been splashing/are broken
D) have been stealing/can introduce E) had been splashed/were breaking
E) were stolen/had to be introduced
35- The Pazyryk carpet, which the excavating
28- Everyone in the community was delighted team ---- in 1947 on the Soviet Mongolian
that the restaurant ---- even after it ---- twice. border, ---- in solid ice.
A) was reopening/has flooded A) found/was preserved

B) has reopened/has been flooding B) had found/was preserving
C) was reopened/had been flooded C) have found/was being preserved
D) reopens/was flooding D) were found/had been preserved
E) will reopen/will have been flooded E) were finding/has preserved
29- Nobody ---- to leave the hall during the final 36- It ---- that the carpet ---- sometime between
fifteen minutes of the examination. the 5th and 3rd centuries BC.
A) will have allowed A) has estimated/had woven

B) had allowed B) is estimating/was being woven
C) was allowing C) has been estimated/has been woven
D) will be allowed D) was estimated/has been weaving
E) allows E) is estimated/was woven
30- You ---- to clap enthusiastically at 37- In the Ottoman period, plants for dyes ----
tomorrow's speech by the Chairman. under state control and large amounts of silk
fabric arrived in Bursa from various
A) are expecting countries ready to be dyed.
B) expected
C) will have been expected A) were growing
D) were expecting B) have grown
E) are expected C) will be grown
D) were grown
31- The owner of the farm where the livestock E) would have grown
disease started ---- . He behaved despicably.
A) will prosecute
B) might be prosecuting
C) ought to prosecute
D) must have prosecuted
E) should be prosecuted
76
38- Chemical dyes ---- to Turkey in 1882, and 44- Legends of the North American Indians ----
from then on, the production of root dyes ---- various animals ---- the Indians' ancestors
to decline. how to make fire.
A) had introduced/was beginning A) are saying/have shown

B) are introduced/was begun B) said/were shown
C) will be introduced/will begin C) have said/would be shown
D) were introduced/began D) were said/had shown
E) have been introduced/has begun E) say/showed
39- A dirty or stained woollen rug ---- with mild 45- Hunting ---- within the Ivory Coast, but
soapy water. This ---- the dirt without elephants still ---- victim to poachers.
damaging the rug.
A) is controlling/have fallen
A) should be washed/removes B) will control/will fall
B) will have to be washed/is removed C) is controlled/fall
C) will have been washed/has removed D) may be controlled/fell
D) might be washing/may remove E) has controlled/were falling
E) has been washing/removed
46- Poachers there ---- in the trade which ---- the
40- 1991---- ‘The International Yunus Emre Year’ Ivory Coast its name.
by UNESCO in honour of this 14th-century
mystic, whose poetry and songs ---- love and A) are involving/will be given
understanding as themes. B) will be involved/has given
C) involve/is given
A) was declaring/had D) are involved/gave
B) had declared/have had E) will involve/was given
C) was declared/have
D) had been declared/are having 47- Paul McCartney ---- songs since the 1960s
E) has been declared/will have and ---- forty-nine top five hit records to this
date.
41- It is the gas which ---- off by the heated wax
in a candle that ---- the bright flame. A) was writing/is written
B) wrote/was written
A) has given/is produced C) has been writing/has written
B) is given/produces D) had written/will write
C) gives/can produce E) will be writing/writes
D) will be giving/has produced
E) has been given/was produced 48- You ---- more care about whom you talk to
about your personal business.
42- The digestive system of whales is that of
animals in which food ---- rapidly when it is A) will be taken
abundant. B) should take
C) might be taken
A) has been consuming D) had to be taken
B) could have consumed E) used to take
C) may be consuming
D) used to be consumed 49- Although I look young for my age, the last
E) must be consumed time I ---- a beer, I ---- for my identity card.
43- All arts ---- in one way or another by the A) have ordered/didn't ask
times in which they ----. B) was ordered/haven't asked
C) ordered/wasn't asked
A) influenced/have flourished D) was ordering/haven't been asked
B) were influenced/are flourishing E) have been ordered/wasn't asking
C) had influenced/flourished
D) are influenced/flourish 50- Parents ---- to buy expensive toys as young
E) have been influenced/will flourish children ---- by simple games, such as hide
and seek.
A) won't need/can amuse

B) don't need/can be amused
C) aren't needed/should amuse
D) weren't needed/had amused
E) didn't need/ought to be amused
77
51- Twelve thousand people ---- the Queen's 57- The park ---- littered with rubbish by the time
official residence, Buckingham Palace, on the crowd ----.
3rd June 2002, when a music concert ---- in
the garden. A) is becoming/will disperse
B) had become/dispersed
A) visited/was held C) was becoming/is dispersed
B) were visited/has been held D) will become/will be dispersed
C) were visiting/held E) became/has dispersed
D) are visiting/is holding
E) have visited/was holding 58- The wisdom of the referee's decision in
yesterday's match, which ---- to the team's
52- At the moment, a new road around defeat, ---- for a long time.
Birmingham ----. Motorists ---- a fee to use
the new road, making it the first road of its A) leads/will be discussing
kind in the UK. B) has been leading/is discussed
C) led/will be discussed
A) was built/will have been charged D) was led/had been discussed
B) was building/were charged E) has led/had been discussing
C) has been built/are charging
D) is being built/will be charged 59- The 2004 Olympic Games ---- by Germany.
E) has been building/will charge
A) are hosted
53- To this day, the songs of the Beatles ---- by B) have been hosting
many famous singers, including Elvis, Oasis C) will have been hosted
and even Frank Sinatra, but copies of the D) will be hosted
original recordings still ---- well all over the E) were hosted
world.
60- At the time the Argentine President ---- from
A) have performed/are sold office, huge marble statues of him and his
B) were performing/were sold wife ----.
C) were performed/will have been sold
D) have been performed/sell A) was ousted/were being sculpted
E) will be performing/sold B) has been ousted/will have sculpted
C) was ousting/are being sculpted
54- Stevie Wonder's single 'I Just Called to Say I D) ousted/have been sculpting
Love You', from the-soundtrack of the film E) are ousting/were sculpting
“The Woman in Red”, ---- an Academy award
in 1985. 61- At the end of the day, electric power tools ----
out of your work van so that no one ---- them.
A) has won
B) had been won A) ought to take/will have stolen
C) ought to win B) may be taken/might be stealing
D) was won C) have to take/should be stolen
E) won D) must have taken/could be stolen
E) should be taken/can steal
55- In several cases, tattooing ---- with cancer
and contaminated tattooing equipment ---- 62- In recent decades, thousands of novels,
diseases, including AIDS. representing a wide range of fiction types, ----.
A) is linking/has been spreading A) are being published

B) has linked/is spread B) will have published
C) has been linked/can spread C) have been published
D) will be linked/had spread D) will be published
E) was linked/was spread E) are going to publish
56- About 2000 bonfires ---- on the Queen's 63- Recently, new security measures ---- at
jubilee and parties ---- in every city and Jamaica's airports to prevent drug smuggling.
village across the UK. These ---- for partly by the British
government.
A) were lighting/held
B) are lit/are holding A) had implemented/were paying
C) had been lit/had held B) implement/will be paid
D) are lighting/are held C) will be implemented/will have paid
E) were lit/were held D) are implementing/are being paid
E) have been implemented/have been paid
78
64- The drink 'Red Bull' ---- so much caffeine 71- According to the scheme, rice ---- to the
that it ---- in France. hungry, but this had not occurred.
A) contains/is banned A) was going to be distributed

B) was contained/had banned B) would be distributing
C) is contained/has banned C) should have distributed
D) was containing/was banned D) ought to be distributed
E) contained/is banning E) had been distributed
65- The mother ---- her son's guilt in the crime 72- We ---- the new primary school ---- before
after he ---- by the court. Aaron starts school.
A) accepts/was convicting A) are expected/has been completed

B) was accepted/had been convicted B) expect/will have been completed
C) accepted/was convicted C) were expected/is completed
D) will be accepted/has convicted D) are expecting/will have completed
E) is accepted/convicts E) will be expecting/has completed
66- Rastafarians ---- Haile Selassie I of Ethiopia 73- The film 'Evergreen Island' is directed ----
to be a god. The religious sect ---- mainly in Fabio Cavadini and is based ---- the
Jamaica. experience of the people on a South Pacific
island.
A) are believed/was based
B) will be believed/has based A) by/on
C) are believing/was basing B) from/about
D) believe/is based C) to/to
E) were believing/had based D) for/by
E) with/in
67- At the moment, prisoners from the Taliban
---- in a prison on land at Guantanamo Bay, 74- Stress is normally associated ---- managerial
which ---- from Cuba in 1903. jobs, but doing monotonous work in
factories can be equally stressful.
A) were holding/was leasing
B) are holding/will be leased A) on
C) are held/has been leased B) in
D) will be holding/had leased C) with
E) are being held/was leased D) for
E) by
68- It's a great feeling when you ---- satisfactorily
for doing something enjoyable. 75- Some people argue that the Turkestani
Muslims who live within the Chinese borders
A) will pay are discriminated ---- and treated badly by
B) have to pay the government.
C) are supposed to pay
D) are paying A) against
E) are paid B) with
C) by
69- Passive drug dogs ---- to sniff out illegal D) for
drugs, but they ---- to attack humans. E) from
A) have been taught/won't instruct 76- Attendance at the press conference was
B) are teaching/aren't instructing limited ---- official journalists, which meant
C) are taught/aren't instructed those accepted by the government.
D) will be taught/haven't instructed
E) had been taught/won't be instructed A) with
B) about
70- Currently, 600 US soldiers are stationed on C) to
Mindanao Islands in the Philippines. D) by
Allegedly, they ---- bandits who ---- three E) from
hostages for ransom.
A) are fighting/are holding

B) are being fought/have held
C) were fighting/are held
D) have fought/were held
E) will be fought/held
79
77- The football team Wolverhampton 83- Because he ---- by the greed and corruption
Wanderers are known locally ---- the 'Wolves' of politicians, he ---- to leave politics and
and they have adopted a wolf’s head ---- their devote his life to charity.
emblem.
A) revolts/has been decided
A) for/on B) has revolted/decides
B) by/by C) was revolted/decided
C) from/with D) is revolted/is decided
D) as/as E) had revolted/will decide
E) with/to
84- The documentary 'The Commanding
78- George Best's brilliant football career ---- to Heights' ---- by BP, FedEx and Enron, and it
an end because he ---- with the pressure of ---- by Public Service Broadcasting soon.
being famous.
A) was sponsoring/will show
A) has brought/won't cope B) is sponsored/has been shown
B) was brought/couldn't cope C) was sponsored/will be shown
C) will have brought/wouldn't cope D) will sponsor/is showing
D) was bringing/needn't have coped E) sponsored/had shown
E) will have been brought/doesn't cope
85- Hansie Cronje, who ---- cricket for South
79- Starbucks Cafes ---- all over the world, but Africa and who ---- in a bribery scandal, died
residents of Primrose Hill, London, in a plane crash at the age of 32.
successfully ---- the opening of one in their
neighbourhood. A) was playing/was involving
B) could be played/involved
A) should be found/are stopped C) could play/would have involved
B) can be found/stopped D) was played/had been involved
C) should be finding/will stop E) used to play/was involved
D) might find/are being stopped
E) have found/had stopped 86- In recent years, the need for the telegraph
---- by other means of telecommunications.
80- Natural light ---- the body's energy cycles,
while spending too much time indoors ---- A) will eliminate
depression. B) was eliminating
C) will have been eliminated
A) is stimulating/can be causing D) will be eliminating
B) was stimulated/could cause E) has been eliminated
C) is stimulated/should be caused
D) stimulates/can cause 87- Twenty-two million people have died of AIDS
E) will be stimulated/might cause since the disease ---- first twenty years ago.
81- During the World Cup, breakfast ---- in bars A) was diagnosing
across the UK because most of the matches B) would diagnose
---- place early in the morning by British C) was diagnosed
time. D) has been diagnosed
E) is diagnosed
A) is being served/had taken
B) is served/are taken 88- It ---- that 36 million people ---- with the
C) has served/are taking disease.
D) will serve/were taken
E) was served/took A) is estimated/are infected
B) estimates/have been infected
82- Peace negotiations ---- down in January and C) has been estimated/are infecting
two hundred bombing raids ---- out since D) will estimate/infected
then. E) estimated/were being infected
A) have broken/are being carried 89- The Brazilian author Milton Hatoum's second
B) are breaking/used to be carried novel ---- in the Amazonian port city of
C) were broken/will be carried Manaus.
D) broke/have been carried
E) break/will have carried A) is setting
B) is set
C) was setting
D) sets
E) has set
80
90- He ---- up for seven years for a crime that he 97- Our hopes of qualifying for the final ---- since
----. we ---- Manchester United by two goals to
one.
A) was locking/wasn't committed
B) locks/hasn't been committed A) have risen/beat
C) will have been locked/doesn't commit B) will rise/were beaten
D) will lock/isn't being committed C) are going to rise/are beaten
E) was locked/didn't commit D) rise/will have beaten
E) rose/are going to beat
91- The holiday resort ---- in France, but it is so
close to the border that you ---- some resorts 98- If the disease that ---- Asia and Africa at the
in Italy as well. moment ----, millions of children will be
orphaned.
A) locates/are visiting
B) is being located/visit A) is crippling/isn't controlled
C) is located/can visit B) is crippled/isn't controlling
D) was located/must visit C) was crippled/hasn't been controlled
E) located/could have visited D) will cripple/doesn't control
E) was crippling/isn't going to control
92- This is the third time that the old lady
opposite us ---- by his son this week, which 99- Three hundred and thirty-four viewers ----
may mean that her health ----. about the incident in the TV series. It was one
of the most shocking deaths which ---- ever
A) is being visited/deteriorates on TV.
B) will be visiting/has deteriorated
C) was visited/had deteriorated A) are complaining/depicts
D) has been visited/is deteriorating B) complained/has been depicted
E) will have visited/deteriorated C) will have complained/depicted
D) will be complaining/is depicted
93- I'm sure you ---- with the show. After all, E) had been complaining/will depict
some of the best celebrities ---- in it.
100- The landlord ---- him that the house ---- by the
A) are delighted/are performed end of the month.
B) will have delighted/were performing
C) will delight/are being performed A) is informing/will have cleared
D) were delighted/will be performed B) is informed/should be cleared
E) will be delighted/are performing C) was informed/must have cleared
D) has informed/should be clearing
94- He accidentally set fire to the sofa, and E) informed/must be cleared
unfortunately, his entire family ---- by the fire
that ----. 101- The frame of the structure ---- of wooden
poles, which ---- together with thin strips of
A) were killing/had followed leather.
B) killed/was followed
C) are killed/has followed A) has been made/tie
D) were killed/followed B) was made/were tied
E) have been killed/is followed C) is made/are tying
D) is being made/tied
95- I ---- Mr Green's office, but my call ---- by his E) has made/will be tied
assistant, who told me he had already left.
102- While the truck ----, the young man from
A) was telephoned/had answered Moldova ---- inside.
B) telephoned/was answered
C) have been telephoning/answers A) has loaded/creeps
D) am being telephoned/is answered B) is loaded/has crept
E) will telephone/will be answered C) was being loaded/crept
D) loaded/will creep
96- Your school ---- on 3rd July and you ---- our E) was loading/was creeping
report about three weeks later.
103- After she ---- to Ireland, I only ---- her twice.
A) is being inspected/will be received
B) has been inspected/are receiving A) had moved/saw
C) will be inspected/will receive B) had been moved/was seen
D) will have inspected/are received C) was moving/will see
E) is going to inspect/may receive D) will be moved/am seeing
E) moves/had seen
81
104- When the stadium ----, the clean-up operation 111- I wonder whether he ---- well enough to win
----. the tennis match in tomorrow's competition.
A) was emptying/was begun A) is played

B) has emptied/has begun B) will play
C) will empty/begins C) has played
D) was emptied/began D) could be played
E) will be emptying/had begun E) is playing
105- After the government building ----, the police 112- Near sea-coasts, tsunamis ---- very large and
---- every office for explosive devices. cause great destruction, but in the deep
open sea, they ---- by the eye.
A) was evacuating/were searching
B) had been evacuated/searched A) have become/haven't been detecting
C) evacuates/are being searched B) are becoming/hadn't been detected
D) will be evacuated/are searching C) may become/cannot be detected
E) will evacuate/are searched D) can become/ought not to be detected
E) become/won't have detected
106- When I ---- my target weight of fifty-five
kilograms, I ---- with my figure. 113- My lottery ticket ---- out of my hand as I ----
my car.
A) have reached/will be satisfied
B) was reaching/have satisfied A) was blowing/was approached
C) was reached/had been satisfied B) blows/have approached
D) am reaching/am satisfying C) was blown/was approaching
E) will have reached/am satisfied D) is blowing/will be approached
E) is blown/will be approached
107- Every ten minutes, on average, a violent
crime ---- in the city of Manchester, UK, and 114- Curiously, moths ---- to artificial light and
the people there ---- about this level of serious moonlight, but they ---- sunlight.
crime.
A) are attracted/avoid
A) is committing/have been concerned B) attract/avoided
B) commits/were concerned C) are attracting/have avoided
C) will be committed/concerned D) have been attracted/are avoided
D) has been committed/are concerning E) were attracting/were avoided
E) is committed/are concerned
115- Presently, the Ute Native Americans ----
108- A car packed with explosives ---- into the side about 4,000 and live in Utah. In fact, the state
of a bus, which ---- into flames immediately. name of Utah ---- from the tribe's name.
A) was driven/burst A) are numbered/will derive

B) has driven/was burst B) are being numbered/has been derived
C) is driving/will burst C) number/is derived
D) has been driven/had burst D) numbered/will be derived
E) drove/was bursting E) were numbering/had derived
109- The foreign tourists ---- that they ---- the area 116- Water-skiing ---- in 1922 in the USA, and the
where war is likely to break out. American Water Ski Association ---- in 1939.
A) are warning/are leaving A) has been invented/had founded

B) were warned/had left B) was invented/was founded
C) have been warned/should leave C) would have invented/has been founded
D) had warned/were left D) was inventing/was founding
E) are warned/could be left E) had been invented/has founded
110- Mario Molina was one of a small group of 117- When no live prey ----, wolves ---- readily on
scientists who ---- the harmful effects of dead animals and even vegetation.
certain man-made chemical compounds on
the Earth's ozone layer. A) was found/will be fed
B) was finding/are fed
A) have been discovered C) can be found/will feed
B) used to discover D) should be found/were feeding
C) were discovered E) has found/have been fed
D) discovered
E) will be discovering
82
118- The board of directors ---- Julie is capable of 124- Welsh ---- in school in Wales as a
managing the project, but they ---- her out compulsory subject for ten years now, and
yet. in some schools, all lessons ---- in Welsh.
A) aren't convincing/don't rule A) is teaching/had been taught

B) haven't convinced/hadn't been ruling B) has been taught/are taught
C) hadn't been convinced/won't be ruled C) was taught/were teaching
D) aren't convinced/haven't ruled D) will be teaching/were taught
E) weren't convincing/didn't rule E) is taught/will have taught
119- I can tell that you ---- my video films because 125- I'm sure all students hate ---- loads of
you ---- them. homework for the holiday period.
A) had been played/aren't rewinding A) to give

B) are played/haven't been rewinding B) given
C) are playing/won't be rewound C) are given
D) were played/won't have rewound D) have been given
E) have been playing/haven't rewound E) being given
120- I thought that the army brass band ---- to be 126- We ---- back to our offices as soon as the
playing in the park today. Perhaps, the building ---- safe.
concert ----.
A) should go/is declaring
A) will suppose/had been cancelled B) had to go/will be declared
B) supposes/has cancelled C) can go/has been declared
C) was supposed/has been cancelled D) may go/has declared
D) had been supposed/must have cancelled E) were going/was declaring
E) is supposing/will be cancelled
127- The Island of Usedom in the Baltic Sea ---- by
121- Yiddish, a German dialect, ---- by Jewish Sweden until the 18th century, when it ---- a
people in many countries. Dating from the Prussian possession.
12th century, it ---- in Hebrew characters.
A) had owned/has become
A) has spoken/wrote B) was owned/became
B) spoke/was writing C) would have owned/was to become
C) was speaking/had been written D) had been owned/was becoming
D) will be spoken/was written E) owned/becomes
E) is spoken/is written
128- 'The Shrewsbury Chronicle' newspaper ----
122- Yale, an English businessman, ---- large by Shropshire Newspapers Limited, which
amounts of books to a college in also ---- 'The Shropshire Star' newspaper.
Connecticut, USA, which ---- Yale College
two years later. A) is printed/prints
B) prints/is printed
A) was donated/had renamed C) is printing/has been printing
B) has donated/was being renamed D) was printed/has been printed
C) was being donated/is renamed E) printed/was printed
D) donated/was renamed
E) had donated/renamed 129- We ---- out of gas for the camp cooker while
we ---- in the Black Mountains and had to eat
123- Hamburg ---- heavily in World War II, and by cold instead of mashed potato, which was
the end of the war, whole districts of the city disgusting.
----.
A) ran/were camping
A) had been bombed/were destroying B) were run/had camped
B) had been bombing/destroyed C) were running/would camp
C) has been bombed/would be destroyed D) had run/have camped
D) was bombing/were being destroyed E) run/will be camping
E) was bombed/had been destroyed
83
130- Susie ---- of heights, but she ---- herself to 137- England ---- Argentina in the qualifying
walk across the high wire because she round of the 2002 World Cup. Four years
wanted to be an army officer. earlier, they ---- by them.
A) was terrifying/was forced A) are beaten/would have been beaten

B) terrifies/is forced B) were beaten/were going to beat
C) is terrified/forced C) will be beaten/have been beaten
D) will terrify/forces D) will have beaten/are beaten
E) will be terrified/had been forcing E) beat/had been beaten
131- My daughter ---- much happier since she ---- 138- It really ---- me when rubbish ---- on the
for the school swimming team. beach.
A) is/has been selecting A) annoyed/was leaving

B) was/has selected B) will annoy/will be left
C) had been/is selecting C) annoys/is left
D) has been/was selected D) was annoyed/had left
E) is going to be/had been selected E) is annoyed/was left
132- When the prototype ----, it ---- vigorously for 139- Tools ---- to the store room in a clean
six months. condition.
A) has built/has been testing A) will return

B) is built/will be tested B) have to be returned
C) builds/had been tested C) might be returning
D) built/was testing D) should return
E) has been built/is testing E) can return
133- Assuming that the prototype ---- well in tests, 140- Eating fish ---- to improve intelligence.
machines ---- at our new factory in Wales.
A) has believed
A) is performed/will have produced B) believes
B) performs/will be produced C) will be believed
C) has been performed/will produce D) is believed
D) had performed/were produced E) is going to believe
E) is going to perform/are producing
141- According to the new schedule, by the end
134- You ---- with your results in this year's finals. of their second year at high school, all
I wish I had been given a grade 'A' for all my children ---- drugs awareness information.
assignments, too.
A) are giving
A) might be delighted B) will have been given
B) ought to delight C) will have given
C) could have delighted D) are being given
D) must have been delighted E) have been given
E) used to be delighted
142- The zither is a stringed instrument with thirty
135- The astronomical tides ---- until the 17th to forty-five strings. The melody ---- on five
century, when Isaac Newton ---- the law of strings over a fingerboard and the remaining
gravitational attraction. strings ---- for accompaniment.
A) weren't understood/proposed A) is playing/are using

B) haven't been understood/was proposing B) has been played/use
C) won't have understood/had proposed C) plays/are being used
D) wouldn't understand/had been proposed D) is played/are used
E) didn't understand/has been proposed E) will play/have been used
136- So long as you keep calm, I'm sure you ---- 143- A plant ---- desirable under one set of
well in the match. Don't worry! circumstances and undesirable under
another.
A) are performed
B) are performing A) should have considered
C) will perform B) could be considering
D) were performing C) used to consider
E) have performed D) may be considered
E) will have been considered
84
144- The seven-day week ---- as a division of time 150- The US government ---- recently that a
since early Hebrew times, but until 313 AD, restructuring of their security services ----.
an eight-day week ---- by the Romans.
A) has decided/is needed
A) has been used/had been used B) was decided/had been needing
B) is being used/was going to use C) is decided/needed
C) has been using/had used D) will have decided/needs
D) is used/was being used E) was deciding/is needing
E) was used/would have used
151- The North Pole ---- on a sea of ice which ----
145- According to widespread superstition, a man unpredictably.
who ---- himself into a wolf in nature and
appearance ---- as a “werewolf”. A) is locating/was cracked
B) is located/cracks
A) is transforming/has known C) located/had been cracking
B) transformed/would have known D) locates/is cracked
C) transforms/is known E) was located/will be cracked
D) was transformed/will be known
E) can transform/was known 152- Despite the dangers, Ann Daniels and Caroline
Hamilton ---- to the North Pole in June 2002.
146- The painter Rogier Van der Weyden ---- in the Some years earlier, they ---- to the South Pole.
portrayal of emotion and his work ---- widely
in the 15th century. A) were walking/have walked
B) had walked/were walking
A) had excelled/had been copying C) would walk/have been walking
B) excelled/was copied D) have walked/had been walking
C) excels/would be copied E) walked/had walked
D) was excelled/has been copied
E) has excelled/was copying 153- Would you mind putting your dog on a lead? It
---- the children.
147- People are not allowed to take alcoholic
drinks into the swimming pool area and A) is frightened
anyone who ---- with an alcoholic drink ---- to B) is frightening
leave. C) will have frightened
D) had been frightened
A) has found/is being asked E) has been frightened
B) was found/will have asked
C) is finding/has asked 154- The Industrial Revolution ---- about huge
D) finds/has been asked changes and, by 1850, 200,000 women ---- in
E) is found/will be asked factories in the US.
148- By the end of the 18th century, the A) was brought/would be working
foundations for most of today's sciences ----. B) brought/were working
C) has brought/had worked
A) were laying D) had been brought/have been working
B) would have laid E) has been bringing/were going to work
C) had been laid
D) have been laid 155- Many accidental deaths and disabilities ---- with
E) were going to lay proper safety procedures.
149- One expert on fine food ---- that the A) are avoiding
discovery of a new dish ---- more for the B) ought to avoid
happiness of humanity than the discovery of C) can be avoided
a new star. D) are supposed to avoid
E) should be avoiding
A) was remarked/was done
B) remarks/will be done 156- The government have realised that a large
C) remarked/is done number of street crimes ---- by drug addicts, so
D) is remarked/has done recently, they ---- rules for the compulsory
E) has remarked/does testing of crime suspects.
A) are committing/are set

B) were committing/were setting
C) committed/have been set
D) are committed/have set
E) have been committed/are setting
85
157- If wooden fences ---- with preservative, they 164- Eda ---- for her wonderful desserts, and the
---- in time. strawberry pavlova that she made for last
night's dinner party ---- as scrumptious.
A) aren't treated/will rot
B) aren't treating/have rotted A) has known/should have described
C) won't be treated/rotted B) knows/might be describing
D) weren't treated/rot C) will know/could be described
E) haven't treated/are rotting D) is known/can be described
E) will be known/ought to describe
158- Our Japanese guests are to be shown the
utmost courtesy. ---- that ---- clearly? 165- I ---- about Karl once he ---- a good job.
A) Has/understood A) am not worrying/has been found

B) Was/understanding B) hadn't been worrying/finds
C) Is/understood C) didn't worry/will have found
D) Does/understand D) hadn't worried/was found
E) Will/have understood E) won't be worried/has found
159- The economy ---- before we can move out of 166- While the criminals ---- the plan for the
the recession. robbery, every move ---- carefully.
A) had been stabilising A) are prepared/is being monitored

B) will have to be stabilised B) were preparing/was being monitored
C) had been stabilised C) have prepared/was monitored
D) must have been stabilised D) have been prepared/will be monitored
E) was stabilised E) had prepared/monitored
160- If drug addicts ---- with proper medication, 167- Lecithin, which ---- from grains and soya, ----
the withdrawal syndrome ---- to be like with digestion and with the break-down of
influenza, but without such help, it can be fats.
painful.
A) is derived/helps
A) have been treated/has said B) will derive/has been helped
B) had been treating/was said C) has derived/had helped
C) are treating/will be saying D) had been deriving/will help
D) are treated/is said E) derives/is being helped
E) were treated/said
168- The study of interactions between animals
161- Janet's son is addicted ---- heroin, which he and their environment ---- as ecology.
was first given free ---- someone at a party.
A) has known
A) with/to B) was knowing
B) from/for C) is known
C) by/with D) had been knowing
D) for/from E) will have known
E) to/by
169- The written symbol for zero ---- into use long
162- I hope we will be given enough time on the after symbols for other numbers ----.
tour to look around Ephesus as I am really
interested ---- ancient buildings. A) was put/were invented
B) has been put/had been invented
A) for C) was putting/were being invented
B) to D) would have put/have been invented
C) in E) would be put/had invented
D) with
E) about 170- Having been captured, the lion ---- with a
tranquilliser before it ---- back to the zoo.
163- Cork is used widely for sealing wine bottles,
but nowadays, it ---- increasingly with A) was sedating/has been taken
plastic. B) was sedated/was taken
C) sedated/had been taking
A) is being replaced D) is sedated/has taken
B) was replaced E) will sedate/is going to take
C) had been replaced
D) had been replacing
E) is going to replace
86
171- Fourteen hundred deaths ---- each year by 178- After I ---- his deceit, I ---- him about it.
skin cancer.
A) had discovered/questioned
A) will cause B) will discover/am questioning
B) had been caused C) was discovered/had questioned
C) had been causing D) am discovering/have questioned
D) are going to cause E) have been discovered/question
E) are caused
179- Some Welsh holiday resorts, such as
172- Native Americans ---- dinosaur footprints in Aberdovy, ---- famous for their picturesque
their paintings long before dinosaur tracks bays, while others, such as Rhyl, ---- for their
---- by scientists. funfairs and entertainment venues.
A) have been using/were being discovered A) were/had known

B) had used/were discovered B) are being/were knowing
C) were used/would be discovered C) have been/will have known
D) were using/discovered D) had been/have known
E) had been used/have discovered E) are/are known
173- While sunbathing, we ---- to harmful UV rays 180- The university canteen ---- during the
of the sun, so we ---- our skin with sun summer vacation, but staff levels ----
cream. considerably.
A) exposed/must have protected A) won't be closed/will be reduced

B) have been exposed/are protected B) didn't close/will have reduced
C) were exposing/have protected C) isn't closed/have been reducing
D) are exposing/will protect D) won't be closing/reduce
E) are exposed/should protect E) hadn't been closed/are reduced
174- When you ---- in a foreign country, you ---- 181- You ---- a note of the location of your car
the traditions and culture there to a certain before you ---- it in the multi-storey car park.
extent.
A) should make/will have left
A) were staying/used to be respected B) should be making/are left
B) stay/will be respected C) should have been made/were left
C) will stay/respect D) should be made/are leaving
D) had stayed/should be respected E) should have made/left
E) are staying/have to respect
182- Many changes ---- in Afghanistan since
175- Cows ---- sacred in India and ---- normally for September 11th 2001, but so far, the leader of
beef. the Taliban ----.
A) have been considered/won't kill A) have been observed/hasn't been captured

B) have considered/weren't killed B) are being observed/wasn't captured
C) are considered/aren't killed C) have observed/won't be captured
D) will be considered/aren't killing D) were observing/won't have captured
E) considered/won't have killed E) had been observing/hasn't captured
176- Çeşme ---- on three sides by sandy white 183- At the moment, a new stadium ---- in
beaches that ---- by the Aegean Sea. Manchester. After it's been used for the
Commonwealth Games, ownership ---- to
A) is bordering/were lapped Manchester City Football Club.
B) will be bordered/are lapping
C) will have been bordered/have lapped A) was building/is transferring
D) is bordered/are lapped B) has been built/transferred
E) had bordered/were lapping C) is being built/will be transferred
D) was built/had been transferring
177- Unlike most football matches, some of the E) is built/has been transferred
matches in the 2002 World Cup ---- in indoor
stadiums.
A) had played
B) were going to play
C) were played
D) used to be played
E) were playing
87
184- Giving up smoking is difficult as a smoker 190- Her new car ---- with air conditioning, a CD
---- to nicotine, although it is the tar in player and an electric sunroof.
cigarettes which ---- most harm.
A) is equipping
A) has addicted/is caused B) has equipped
B) addicted/will be causing C) equips
C) addicts/has been caused D) is equipped
D) is addicted/causes E) is going to equip
E) will be addicted/caused
191- There ---- to be a huge amount of food
185- Because he is ---- of flying, he travelled all initially, but by the end of the party, almost
the way from London to İstanbul by trains all of it ----.
and ferries.
A) had seemed/was going to eat
A) accustomed B) seems/has eaten
B) worried C) seemed/had been eaten
C) terrified D) has seemed/would be eaten
D) upset E) would seem/was being eaten
E) shocked
192- Four hundred new houses ---- for the
186- Although most citizens are concerned ---- earthquake victims by the end of next year.
the rises in drug taking, no one is sure how
this can be tackled. A) are going to build
B) will have been built
A) in C) were being built
B) of D) have been building
C) on E) have been built
D) from
E) about 193- The guards ---- that two of the paintings ----
until much later on in the evening.
187- Although his computer ---- with a voice
recognition device, he ---- this much yet. A) didn't discover/had been stolen
B) hadn't been discovered/have stolen
A) is equipped/hasn't used C) haven't discovered/were stolen
B) equips/won't be used D) weren't discovered/had stolen
C) will have equipped/doesn't use E) weren't discovering/have been stolen
D) has been equipped/wasn't using
E) will be equipped/isn't used 194- When things began to go wrong, the
members realized that the previous
188- Unfortunately, the little boy had been chairman's advice ----.
exposed ---- toxic substances from a leak at
a chemical factory. A) could have followed
B) was following
A) on C) will have been followed
B) to D) was going to follow
C) in E) should have been followed
D) of
E) for 195- A work of art ---- as beautiful by some and
unappealing, or even ugly, by others.
189- In bad weather, the island ---- only by
helicopter. A) will have been perceived
B) used to perceive
A) should reach C) could be perceiving
B) could have reached D) may be perceived
C) can be reached E) should have perceived
D) might be reaching
E) has to reach 196- Because he lost both parents in a car crash,
the child ---- to a psychiatrist every other day
for the last month.
A) is being taken
B) has had to be taken
C) was supposed to take
D) has been taking
E) was taken
88
197- Jane Austen's third novel, Northanger 203- Although it ---- everyone busy all week
Abbey, ---- when she was 27 or 28 years old, before the meeting, no one there ---- the
but it ---- in print until after her death. question of the new schedule.
A) completed/wasn't appearing A) was keeping/has been brought up

B) had been completing/wouldn't appear B) had kept/was brought up
C) was completed/didn't appear C) will be keeping/brings up
D) would be completed/hasn't appeared D) has kept/was bringing up
E) has been completed/wouldn't appear E) had been keeping/brought up
198- The child who ---- by a snake ---- an antidote 204- ---- it ---- upon that we will discuss the third
without delay. quarter losses at next week's meeting?
A) has been bitten/would be giving A) Has/agreed

B) was being bitten/has been given B) Will/have agreed
C) bit/would have given C) Is/agreed
D) was biting/had been given D) Does/agree
E) had been bitten/was given E) Was/agreeing
199- If the temperature within the museum vault 205- A sudden gust of wind ---- the candle, leaving
---- even slightly, it ---- automatically to us in complete darkness.
security by means of a sophisticated
computer system. A) blew out
B) has been blowing out
A) changes/is reported C) was blown out
B) would change/reported D) was blowing out
C) is changing/will be reporting E) is blown out
D) will have changed/was reported
E) has been changed/has reported 206- British historian and writer Isaiah Berlin's
1950s translations of the works of Ivan
200- Many car accident fatalities ---- by the use of Turgenev ---- highly, and one ---- as a play in
a seatbelt. London decades later.
A) should be preventing A) have regarded/would be produced

B) are supposed to prevent B) regarded/could have produced
C) could be prevented C) have been regarded/has been produced
D) ought to prevent D) were regarded/was produced
E) would have prevented E) are regarded/was producing
201- If the manager ---- to come back from his trip 207- He ---- when he finds out that his request for a
by Monday, the weekly meeting ---- until later loan ---- down by the bank manager.
in the week.
A) was shocked/will be turning
A) has failed/has been postponed B) will be shocked/has been turned
B) is failing/must have postponed C) has shocked/was turned
C) had failed/is being postponed D) is being shocked/had been turned
D) fails/will have to be postponed E) had shocked/had turned
E) was failing/would have postponed
208- The wife ---- encouragingly at her husband
202- I'm afraid we ---- with the matter until all the while he ---- on a stretcher into the operation
facts ----. room.
A) haven't dealt/were revealed A) smiled/was being carried

B) weren't dealing/have revealed B) has been smiling/was carried
C) shouldn't deal/were revealing C) was smiling/had been carried
D) couldn't deal/are being revealed D) had smiled/was carrying
E) can't deal/have been revealed E) smiles/will be carried
209- I ---- by some Indian friends that screens ----

necessary around her to keep mosquitoes out.
A) was telling/were
B) will be told/have been
C) am told/were being
D) had told/had been
E) have been told/are
89
210- Monica ---- low-carbohydrate meal options at 217- I wish I could lend you the camera, but it ----
her restaurant for years before this kind of diet by my sister at the moment.
---- popular by recent scientific studies.
A) is going to be used
A) had been served/has made B) is being used
B) was serving/made C) is using
C) was served/would be made D) uses
D) had been serving/was made E) was used
E) serves/has been made
218- Before you ---- government aid, there are a
211- While Pat ---- through the jungles of Central number of procedures that ---- .
America, his dog ---- care of by a neighbour.
A) have received/have to follow
A) was travelling/was being taken B) are received/used to be followed
B) had travelled/took C) were receiving/were following
C) has been travelling/will have taken D) can receive/must be followed
D) has travelled/was taken E) ought to be received/will be followed
E) is travelling/will be taking
219- Vitamins which ---- daily ---- your body stay
212- Every day many animals ---- accidentally healthy.
while they ---- the busy highway.
A) will take/have helped
A) are being killed/have crossed B) have taken/are helping
B) are killed/are crossing C) had been taken/will help
C) had been killing/were crossing D) have been taken/were helping
D) would be killed/were crossed E) are taken/help
E) were killing/would be crossing
220- He ---- the bird very gently so that he ---- it.
213- I ---- any money left after I ---- all my bills this
month. A) was touching/doesn't hurt
B) was touched/wasn't hurt
A) haven't had/will be paying C) touched/wouldn't hurt
B) didn't have/have been paid D) has touched/won't be hurt
C) wasn't having/paid E) would touch/hasn't hurt
D) won't have/have paid
E) am not having/have been paying 221- We ---- many things for the new house, but
nothing ---- yet.
214- The drunk driver ---- a breath analysis test
before he ---- for drinking and driving. A) have bought/has been delivered
B) had been buying/has delivered
A) will give/is going to arrest C) were buying/will have delivered
B) is given/has arrested D) were bought/will be delivered
C) gave/had been arrested E) are buying/was delivered
D) was giving/has been arrested
E) was given/was arrested 222- Kate's parents were very proud of her when
she ---- to receive the Award of Distinction
215- In the first and last conference meetings, from the president of her university.
attendance is mandatory, and the
president's secretary ---- to see if everyone A) was selecting
---- there. B) was selected
C) used to be selected
A) has checked/was D) was going to select
B) checked/will be E) had selected
C) will be checking/is
D) was checked/will be 223- You ---- something before we left the house;
E) is checked/had been we ---- for at least three more hours.
216- The Mafia boss ---- by his lawyers that he ---- A) had to eat/haven't been stopping
guilty, or he could face a longer sentence. B) may have eaten/weren't stopped
C) could be eaten/won't have stopped
A) was told/had better plead D) ought to eat/haven't stopped
B) had told/is pleading E) should have eaten/won't be stopping
C) is told/would plead
D) was telling/will plead
E) had been told/had pleaded
90
224- The desert cobra ---- from a young Egyptian 231- I ---- completely by surprise when my sister
cobra, which it closely resembles, by its told me that she ---- for a job abroad.
much glossier scales.
A) took/was going to look
A) can be distinguished B) was taking/was'looking
B) had to be distinguished C) will be taken/had looked
C) will be distinguishing D) have been taken/will be looking
D) is distinguishing E) was taken/was going to look
E) is supposed to distinguish
232- The backpackers ---- with everything they ----
225- Those students who ---- special ability ---- during the ten-day hike by the tour company.
together in a class with an accelerated
schedule. A) are being provided/are needed
B) will have been provided/needed
A) demonstrate/were being placed C) provide/have needed
B) will demonstrate/are placing D) were provided/would need
C) have demonstrated/will be placed E) are providing/will be needing
D) were demonstrating/were placing
E) will be demonstrating/had been placed 233- He ---- his family from poverty with the money
he'd won from the lottery, but he ---- all of it
226- Dogs that ---- by specialists to help the away in just a few weeks.
visually impaired usually ---- their duties very
successfully. A) could have saved/gambled
B) will be saving/has gambled
A) trained/will be performing C) has saved/will be gambling
B) will be trained/performed D) may have saved/will gamble
C) have trained/are performing E) had to save/is gambling
D) are trained/perform
E) were training/will perform 234- When I'm at a restaurant, it ---- me when basic
table manners ---- by the people around me.
227- When you ----, you ---- to maintain your
balance. A) disgusted/were not using
B) disgusts/are not used
A) had skied/should try C) will disgust/were not used
B) will ski/try D) was disgusted/had not used
C) ski/will have been trying E) is disgusted/haven't been used
D) were skiing/used to be tried
E) are skiing/have to try 235- Eating carrots ---- to improve night-time
vision, because of the vitamin A they ----.
228- I ---- an opportunity to think over the
proposals that ---- at yesterday's meeting. A) has believed/will be contained
B) will be believed/contained
A) don't have/would be made C) was believed/are containing
B) haven't had/were made D) has been believed/are contained
C) am not having/would have made E) is believed/contain
D) wasn't having/were being made
E) didn't have/had made 236- When the summer house ----, it ---- at least
twice a year when we go on holiday.
229- Recently some studies ---- that we are
exposed to radiation through cell phone use; A) will be completed/is used
however, there ---- a decline in cell phone B) completed/was being used
usage since this report. C) has been completed/will be used
D) had completed/was used
A) have shown/hasn't been E) has completed/has been using
B) are shown/shouldn't be
C) are showing/won't be 237- Just breathe deeply and stay calm during the
D) were showing/isn't ceremony; I'm sure you ---- .
E) were shown/can't be
A) hadn't fainted
230- When I am travelling, I ---- only by e-mail. B) won't faint
C) weren't fainting
A) have to be reached D) haven't been fainting
B) could have reached E) couldn't have fainted
C) can be reached
D) might be reaching
E) must have been reached
91
238- Poland ---- between the three powers of 244- Olives ---- in many dishes in the
Prussia, Austria and Russia in the eighteenth Mediterranean region since ancient times.
century and ---- as an independent country
until 1919. A) used
B) have used
A) had been partitioned/hasn't reappeared C) are used
B) partitioned/hadn't reappeared D) have been used
C) was partitioning/hadn't been reappearing E) were used
D) was partitioned/didn't reappear
E) has been partitioned/wasn't reappearing 245- By the time he ----, he ---- to commit six more
robberies.
239- As a boy, Charles Dickens ---- the streets of
London in poverty as his father ---- in prison A) had been arrested/managed
for non-payment of debts. B) arrested/was managing
C) was arrested/had managed
A) was roamed/was put D) is arrested/has managed
B) was roaming/put E) would be arrested/is managing
C) had been roamed/was being put
D) had roamed/was putting 246- I ---- when she told me that she ---- her
E) roamed/had been put husband.
240- Everyone thought he ---- down after he A) have surprised/has left

finally ---- from his travels. B) was surprised/was leaving
C) am surprised/left
A) was going to settle/returned D) would be surprised/was left
B) was settling/returns E) surprised/had left
C) was settled/would return
D) settled/was going to return 247- I ---- interested in learning Italian ever since I
E) will be settled/has returned visited Rome a few years ago, but I guess I'll
study French, because it ---- by many more
241- I hope we ---- with lunch after the people in many different countries.
presentation as I haven't brought any
sandwiches. A) was/was spoken
B) will be/has been spoken
A) were served C) am/is being spoken
B) have been served D) could be/will be spoken
C) serve E) have been/is spoken
D) are serving
E) will be served 248- Although Friedrich Nietzsche was practically
unknown in his lifetime, nowadays his books
242- Ireland ---- independence in 1922, a year ---- as an essential part of any philosophy
before the Turkish Republic ----. degree.
A) was gaining/had established A) were being read

B) has gained/would be established B) should have read
C) gained/was established C) have to be read
D) was gained/was being established D) ought to be reading
E) had gained/had established E) have been reading
243- The municipality of Istanbul ---- a tramline 249- Several tourists ---- when their bus ---- with a
across the Galata Bridge in Istanbul at the truck on the busy highway.
moment; ironically, there used to be one
there in Ottoman times, but it ----. A) were killed/collided
B) were killing/was collided
A) is building/was torn up C) killed/was being collided
B) builds/had torn up D) have been killed/had collided
C) is being built/had been torn up E) had killed/would have collided
D) has been building/tore up
E) built/has been torn up
92
250- Angel Falls in Venezuela ---- after James

Angel, an American adventurer who crash-
landed his plane on a nearby mesa two years
after the falls ---- .
A) is named/were being discovered

B) was named/had been discovered
C) has been named/were discovering
D) named/had discovered
E) would have named/discovered
93
PASSIVE STRUCTURES (CÜMLE TAMAMLAMA)
1- Though there is a lot of job satisfaction in 6- Countries like Mexico which not only rely on
teaching, ----. oil exports for revenue, but also suffer from
terrible air pollution surely ----.
A) the long summer vacation is definitely a
benefit A) hope their supplies never run dry
B) some jobs are both boring and underpaid B) have mixed feelings about worldwide efforts
C) the low salary means that many people to develop cleaner alternatives to oil
leave the profession for better-paid work C) have enough incentives to prevent the world
D) most people think it is one of the best jobs from giving up its oil dependency
available D) would eagerly support the discovery of an
E) he was still considered to be one of the best energy source which is cheap, clean and
teachers in the school efficient
E) are the only reason we have so far been
2- ----, so I will know that you have arrived unable to find acceptable alternative energy
safely. sources
A) Call me the moment your plane lands 7- I really can't wait to see her face ----.
B) You were going to contact me in one way or
another A) as soon as she was told about her exam
C) I'd rather you wrote to me more often results
D) I'm glad you were quick in letting me know B) by the time she put on her silk wedding
your whereabouts dress
E) You have always been responsible enough C) just as she was looking through the drawers
to keep in touch with me of her desk
D) when we tell her that she has been
3- ---- until one day he was robbed at gunpoint. promoted
E) once she had found out that she hadn't
A) His new dog has been an excellent been invited
companion for him
B) He really loved living in New York 8- The person the board appointed to replace
C) George thought that Sarah would be his the director will surely do a good job ----.
one true love
D) No matter how much money he had A) although he had proved himself successful
E) The police knew where the killer was hiding in his previous job
B) ever since he started struggling with all the
4- ----, the management responded by bringing extra work he'd been given
in workers from the outside. C) because he is very well-qualified and quite
ambitious
A) If the employees ask for better pay and D) who is honest, competent, and most
conditions important of all, reliable
B) Unless better pay and conditions were E) since it's only a month that he has had the
offered position
C) Until there is a spirit of compromise
between the union and the management 9- You may have chosen your career very
D) Whenever the employees fall into conflict carefully, ----.
with the management
E) When the employees decided to go on A) though you are guaranteed of success
strike B) as it's too late to change your mind
C) once you knew what to expect from life
5- ---- by two different scribes, who signed the D) so don't rush into anything
document "M" and "A". E) but you may still be dissatisfied with it
A) The Irish language is only distantly related 10- You can never understand what it is like to
to English be in a car accident ----.
B) Samuel Beckett's novels have not been
read as often as his plays A) until you experience it for yourself
C) In 1928, the poet William Butler Yeats B) while you were driving
retired from the Irish Senate C) when you have parked your car
D) The Irish myth collection Leborna hilidre D) the moment you run a red light
was written in the 11th century E) speeding can be extremely dangerous
E) A scribe was a person who copied
manuscripts by hand
94
11- ----, yet as long as there are profits to be 16- ---- ever since it was decided to exploit it for
made, corporations will continue the its natural resources.
practice.
A) A civil war was fought in Liberia
A) There are now fewer virgin forests than B) Indonesia had two democratic elections
there have ever been before C) Antarctica is by far the emptiest continent
B) Because cutting down trees could lead to D) The Amazon rainforest has been shrinking
global warming rapidly
C) Nearly extinct a few years ago, the E) Anatolia used to be covered in forests
American bald eagle can now be seen in
many states 17- It wasn't a big problem when Edward was
D) Environmental organizations warn of the fired from his job, ----.
dangers of cutting down more and more
virgin forest every year A) as soon as his pay raise is approved
E) The American bison, once so numerous, B) because he'd already been hired by a
was hunted nearly to extinction in the 19th different company
century C) though his colleagues know that he
deserved it
12- ----, we will be able to start the excavation. D) whom he could consider for the promotion
E) when he turns up late for the meetings
A) Because we are forbidden to dig on the site
B) Once we have been given permission 18- Although Borobudur in Indonesia is the
C) By the time the government allows us largest Buddhist monument on Earth, ----.
D) During these terrible weather conditions
E) Before we dig up anything of value A) it had been built between 750 and 850 AD
by the Buddhist rulers of Sailendra
13- ---- until the country broke apart in the 1990s. B) its walls are covered with reliefs of the life of
the Buddha Shakyamuni
A) The United Nations has proven ineffective C) it was buried for centuries under volcanic
B) Yugoslavia was made up of six autonomous ash from Mount Merapi
republics D) the initial restoration was done by Sir
C) Independence was declared in Moldova on Thomas Stamford Raffles
27 August 1991 E) the Buddhist view of the universe is
D) Georgia is attempting to regain control over depicted in its structure
all of its territory
E) Czechoslovakia was formed at the end of 19- By the time Jamila finally understood what
the First World War was happening, ----.
14- The moment the total population of India A) there might be many more people than
passes that of China, ----. were expected
B) she has probably been considered for
A) it will have more people than any other promotion
country on earth C) no one else has been able to understand
B) because a one-child policy has been the situation
implemented in China D) someone had to tell her about the required
C) it is expected to reach as many as 1.6 application fee
billion by 2050 E) her hesitation had already made the
D) it is already thought to be more than 1.1 situation worse
billion
E) they have been rivals since the Sino-Indian 20- Sir Thomas Browne's 1658 Hydriotaphia,
War of 1962 Urne-Buriall may be highly respected, ----.
15- As soon as I stepped into the road, ----. A) when Virginia Woolf commented on it
B) since his The Garden of Cyrus was
A) my bag has been stolen from me published in the same year
B) my new white shoes have become dirty C) while it was inspired by the discovery of
C) I was knocked down by a speeding car Bronze Age vases in Norfolk
D) I am going home as fast as possible D) although he is often called one of the
E) it had recently been resurfaced greatest literary stylists
E) but it is not very widely understood
95
21- Whereas Kirk is known to be a very hard 25- ----, American English is the informal
worker, ----. standard and is spoken in about 80% of the
country's households.
A) he really tries to do his best all the time
B) his father spent most of his life working as a A) Because the Russian language can still be
garbageman commonly heard in several American cities
C) his twin brother Karl has earned a B) As native Spanish speakers' numbers are
reputation as just the opposite increasing in the United States
D) his mother used to have a job in the local C) Though German was once a popular
toothpaste factory second language in American high schools
E) his sister Kate is also expected to D) Since so many place names in the United
participate in the new project States are derived from Native American
tongues
22- ---- until my television has been fixed. E) While the United States does not have any
official language
A) The TV repairman says that he will be
arriving
B) I won't be able to come out to the party
tonight
C) Both my radio and my dishwasher have
been broken
D) It was impossible for us to watch Sev
Kardeşim
E) I haven't been enjoying myself very much
lately
23- ---, but in fact they were approximately the

same size.
A) It is commonly believed that the extinct

woolly mammoth was much larger than the
modern elephant
B) Some people say that the woolly mammoth
has not completely died out
C) The woolly mammoth's tusks were
sometimes more than three metres long
D) Early humans may have played a role in the
woolly mammoth's extinction
E) Many preserved frozen woolly mammoths
have been discovered in northern Siberia
24- ----, the managers will get together to

discuss whom they should hire.
A) As soon as all of the job applicants have

been interviewed
B) Because there are currently no vacant
positions in the company
C) As none of the interviews have actually
finished yet
D) When it became apparent that only one
person had applied for the job
E) Even though the position pays very little
money
96
IF CLAUSES
1- She's so honest that if she ---- out about our 8- I really wish I ---- to tomorrow's meeting, but
arrangement, she ---- absolutely horrified. unfortunately I have a prior engagement.
A) found/would be A) could come

B) finds/has been B) am coming
C) could find/was to be C) would come
D) were finding/had been D) came
E) would find/were E) will come
2- How I wish I ---- to Sandra about breaking my 9- I don't think I'll be able to finish my assignment
promise! I'm sure she'll be deeply hurt. in just two days. I wish we ---- more time.
A) wouldn't have to speak A) would be giving

B) don't have to speak B) were giving
C) didn't have to speak C) could have been giving
D) won't have spoken D) had been given
E) haven't had to speak E) have been given
3- I'm glad I managed to catch that vase I 10- I wish my mother ---- while she does the
knocked over, because if it had broken, I ---- housework or, at least, I wish she ---- in tune.
another one to replace it.
A) doesn't sing/can sing
A) would have had to buy B) wouldn't sing/would sing
B) ought to buy C) couldn't have sung/sang
C) must have bought D) hadn't sung/will be singing
D) will have bought E) isn't singing/is singing
E) have got to buy
11- If you like, we ---- volleyball with the children
4- I wish you ---- your mind and come with us; it while the men ---- up the barbecue.
won't be as much fun without you.
A) could play/are setting
A) change B) could have played/have set
B) could have changed C) will play/were setting
C) have changed D) can play/had been setting
D) would change E) would play/could have set
E) can change
12- If his father ---- home in time for his birthday
5- I wish he ---- the rest of that cake. There's party, Jake ---- so upset now.
none left to offer our visitors.
A) would arrive/hadn't been
A) wouldn't eat B) has arrived/hasn't been
B) hasn't eaten C) had arrived/wouldn't be
C) hadn't eaten D) would have arrived/isn't
D) doesn't eat E) should be arriving/won't be
E) didn't eat
13- Children between the ages of 5 and 15 living
6- I wish you ---- us for the picnic. You can't in poverty are more susceptible to rheumatic
imagine the fun we had. fever. If living standards of the poor ----, the
incidences of this disease ---- .
A) were joining
B) could have joined A) had raised/are dropping
C) would join B) would have been raised/dropped
D) joined C) will raise/were going to drop
E) had to join D) were raised/would drop
E) are raised/have been dropped
7- My friend recently moved to a different town,
but she doesn't like it at all. She wishes she 14- Let's take our travel chess set in case we ----
---- in her old town again. bored on the train.
A) would be living A) had got

B) had lived B) are getting
C) is living C) get
D) has been living D) have got
E) were living E) will have got
97
15- Just imagine! If Aunt Sue ---- us for the TV 22- ---- the Australian gold mining company ----
game show 'Family Fortunes', we ---- in this more care with the storage of cyanide, the
new car now. catastrophe could have been prevented.
A) wouldn't enter/aren't travelling A) Had/taken

B) won't enter/haven't been travelling B) Has/taken
C) couldn't have entered/won't travel C) Would/take
D) hadn't entered/wouldn't be travelling D) Should/take
E) haven't entered/couldn't have travelled E) Can/take
16- I can't believe I just said that. I wish I ---- my 23- If you ---- a new car, you ---- not only the
words back into my mouth. I've really upset purchase price but also fuel consumption
her now. and maintenance costs.
A) will suck A) have bought/considered

B) would suck B) will buy/might have considered
C) could suck C) bought/were considering
D) can suck D) can buy/would consider
E) have sucked E) are buying/should consider
17- OK, I ---- the findings of our research if you 24- Young Annek talks to her imaginary pet
---- the hand-out for the audience. rabbits as if they ---- real.
A) have presented/would write A) would be

B) had presented/would be writing B) will be
C) presented/are writing C) had been
D) would present/have written D) were
E) will present/write E) are
18- I'm sure Jessie ---- a great saleswoman 25- The boys looked as though they ---- bored
provided she ---- appropriate training. playing soldiers, so I suggested them going
for a cycle ride.
A) had made/received
B) was to make/had received A) had become
C) has made/would receive B) become
D) is making/will receive C) will become
E) will make/receives D) have become
E) became
19- We really should have checked whether the
covered bazaar is open on Sundays. We ---- 26- A: I wonder if Dee enjoyed my lemon
somewhere else, but now we've wasted our dessert.
afternoon coming here. B: Well, she must have. She ---- for a second
helping if she ---- the first.
A) visited
B) had visited A) won't ask/hasn't been enjoying
C) will visit B) hadn't asked/wouldn't have enjoyed
D) have been visiting C) wouldn't have asked/hadn't enjoyed
E) could have visited D) wasn't asking/wouldn't be enjoying
E) didn't ask/won't have enjoyed
20- If this carpet cleaner can't remove the wine
stain, what ---- you ---- to your mother? 27- The mountaineers knew that if they ----
shelter before dark, they ---- to death.
A) will/say
B) were/to say A) haven't reached/are freezing
C) could/have said B) weren't able to reach/have frozen
D) have/been saying C) aren't reaching/were freezing
E) would/be saying D) wouldn't have reached/had to freeze
E) couldn't reach/might freze
21- I really wish I ----, but I don't have enough
patience.
A) could have knitted

B) could knit
C) would knit
D) have knitted
E) will be knitting
98
28- Had we learnt about the Eskişehir to 35- Suppose that a war ---- out between your
Diyarbakır Railway earlier, we ---- a trip on it, country and your husband's, which side ----
but we are flying home tomorrow. you support?
A) may be taking A) has broken/did

B) could have taken B) is breaking/may
C) will have taken C) had broken/do
D) should be taking D) broke/would
E) used to take E) had been breaking/must
29- If you ---- too much pain while you ----, you 36- If you ---- a Toyota Corolla this week, you ----
can take one of these painkillers. a 3,000 YTL discount.
A) could experience/had been recovering A) buy/will receive

B) would experience/have recovered B) had bought/will have received
C) must experience/will recover C) would buy/receive
D) should experience/are recovering D) bought/had received
E) experienced/would have recovered E) were buying/will be receiving
30- I ---- less worried about Michael if he ---- 37- If I ---- better attention, I ---- you a better
more interest in his school work. description of the man, but it didn't seem
important at the time.
A) will be/had taken
B) would have been/is taking A) was paying/had been giving
C) had been/was taking B) could have paid/gave
D) have been/has taken C) had been paying/could have given
E) would be/took D) had paid/will have been giving
E) should pay/am giving
31- I wish we ---- to this football match, then we
---- in the middle of all these hooligans now. 38- Were you to become a really famous person,
---- you still ---- my friend?
A) weren't coming/hadn't been
B) wouldn't have come/aren't A) must/have been
C) didn't come/haven't been B) would/be
D) hadn't come/wouldn't be C) should/be
E) don't come/won't be D) might/have been
E) have/been
32- If you are serious about becoming a
professional ballerina, you ---- every day. 39- I wish a shorter charity walk ---- because
twenty miles is too far for my mother and
A) could have practised me.
B) must be practised
C) will have to practise A) would organise
D) ought to have practised B) would have organised
E) had been practising C) are being organised
D) had been organised
33- If the price of lam ---- any further, we ---- E) will be organising
enough to cover our costs.
40- If the charity ---- a few famous singers for the
A) falls/won't earn concert, they ---- a lot of people.
B) had fallen/won't have earned
C) were falling/hadn't been earning A) must be inviting/attracted
D) will be falling/don't earn B) should invite/have attracted
E) are falling/couldn't have earned C) invited/are attracting
D) can invite/had attracted
34- If we ---- up our web site, our business ---- so E) invites/might attract
quickly.
41- The whole incident probably ---- if the fans
A) won't set/hadn't been growing ---- so much alcohol.
B) hadn't set/wouldn't have grown
C) aren't setting/weren't growing A) wouldn't happen/aren't drinking
D) didn't set/won't have grown B) won't happen/weren't drinking
E) don't set/hasn't grown C) wouldn't have happened/hadn't drunk
D) doesn't happen/won't have drunk
E) didn't happen/haven't been drinking
99
42- Jeremy passed the entrance exam for the 48- I will divert our telephone to my mobile
grammar school. He is pleased, of course, number in case one of my customers ---- me
but part of him wishes he ---- the same this afternoon.
school as his friends.
A) will telephone
A) attends B) had telephoned
B) will attend C) were telephoning
C) is attending D) telephoned
D) were attending E) telephones
E) would attend
49- If you give me the leaflet tonight, I ---- it for
43- Shall I put a hot water bottle in your bed for you first thing tomorrow morning.
you as it ---- quite cold tonight?
A) will photocopy
A) may have got B) photocopied
B) might get C) had photocopied
C) could have got D) may have photocopied
D) would be getting E) have photocopied
E) had got
50- If I ---- you were ill in bed, I ---- some cooked
44- He must have changed his mind about meals with me.
animal welfare; otherwise, he ---- for a ban of
fox hunting now. A) know/have brought
B) have known/was going to bring
A) hasn't campaigned C) had known/would have brought
B) weren't campaigning D) knew/will have brought
C) isn't campaigning E) will know/must have brought
D) hadn't campaigned
E) wouldn't be campaigning 51- I wish our next-door neighbour ---- me the
apples from her trees in her garden instead
45- If I were you, I --- until you find a good job of letting them rot as I ---- cider to drink with
before deciding where to live. them.
A) would wait A) gave/was making

B) have waited B) has given/will have made
C) had waited C) gives/will be making
D) was waiting D) had given/would have made
E) waited E) would give/have made
46- I wish we ---- each other more often, but now 52- I wish chocolate ---- so fattening, then I ---- a
that you live in Eskişehir and I live in box of chocolates every day.
Marmaris, it doesn't seem possible.
A) won't be/am eating
A) have seen B) hasn't been/could have eaten
B) can see C) isn't/would be eating
C) will see D) hadn't been/were eating
D) could see E) weren't/would eat
E) see
53- I wish that I ---- Hungarian or that the doctors
47- I wish we ---- Blenheim Palace as well as the ---- English. I'm worried about my wife's
gardens, but the building was closed when injury, but I can't understand the doctors'
we were there. explanations.
A) would tour A) can speak/can know

B) toured B) could speak/knew
C) could have toured C) would speak/would know
D) have toured D) have spoken/have known
E) were touring E) were speaking/will know
100
54- You ---- less nervous if you ---- less tea and 61- I didn't want to ride on the water slide, but
coffee throughout the day. my son talked me into it. Now I'm lying in
hospital with a sore neck. How I wish I ---- to
A) will be/will have drunk try it.
B) would be/drank
C) can be/could drink A) hadn't been persuading
D) have been/have been drinking B) hadn't been persuaded
E) are/will be drinking C) wasn't persuaded
D) wouldn't have persuaded
55- Peter wishes his van ---- with a ladder rack. E) wouldn't be persuaded
Then he ---- the chimney repair job he was
offered the other day. 62- If you ---- a good newspaper regularly, you
---- all about the political situation in the
A) has fitted/will have accepted world.
B) is being fitted/will be accepting
C) had fitted/was going to accept A) had read/know
D) will have been fitted/could accept B) were reading/had known
E) were fitted/could have accepted C) read/would know
D) had been reading/knew
56- What a shame! They knocked down the old E) will read/have known
cinema. Had the community raised enough
money, it ---- 63- If you think your work ---- unfairly,you can
appeal to head of the department.
A) could have been restored
B) can be restoring A) were being marked
C) would have restored B) would mark
D) will be restored C) will have marked
E) had been restored D) has been marking
E) has been marked
57- You ---- to Tenterden early if you ---- to park
on the High Street. 64- Fifty years ago, people ---- most drinks in
returnable bottles, not in disposable ones as
A) could go/will have wanted is the case today.
B) were to go/have wanted
C) have to go/want A) have bought
D) had gone/had been wanting B) ought to buy
E) should go/had wanted C) were buying
D) would buy
58- He ---- a puncture kit with him whenever he E) have been buying
went on a long trip on his motorcycle in case
one of his tyres ---- damaged. 65- I wish I ---- my bicycle outside, but it is likely
to be stolen in this neighbourhood.
A) had been taking/has got
B) has taken/is getting A) could leave
C) was taking/would get B) had left
D) had taken/gets C) have to leave
E) would take/got D) would have left
E) am leaving
59- If you ---- a house to a tenant, you ---- that
the property is safe. 66- I love my home town, but I wish the roads
from the outskirts to the centre ---- so steep.
A) rented/can ensure
B) will rent/could have ensured A) weren't
C) are renting/have been ensured B) haven't been
D) rent/must ensure C) won't be
E) were rented/are ensuring D) aren't
E) wouldn't be
60- If the drug dealers ----, heroin addicts ----
drugs in this street now. 67- You are so noisy. I wish you ---- the
television and the radio on at the same time.
A) hadn't been arrested/would be buying
B) weren't arrested/will have bought A) couldn't have put
C) won't have been arrested/were buying B) won't put
D) haven't arrested/are buying C) won't be putting
E) didn't arrest/had been buying D) haven't been putting
E) wouldn't put
101
68- If golf were as boring as you suggest, then 75- I wish I ---- watching this silly television
people ---- it for centuries. series because now I have become
interested in the outcome and feel that I have
A) haven't been playing to watch it every week.
B) wouldn't have been playing
C) won't have played A) am not starting
D) shouldn't be playing B) wouldn't start
E) hadn't played C) hadn't started
D) haven't started
69- I wish Australian teaching qualifications ---- E) won't have started
in the UK. Then she could teach in London.
76- Everybody would have drowned if the boat
A) are being recognised ---- the quayside when it sank.
B) are recognised
C) have been recognised A) must not have approached
D) were recognised B) didn't approach
E) could have recognised C) hadn't been approaching
D) hasn't approached
70- If we were to buy a pet dog, we ---- on E) wouldn't be approaching
holiday without finding someone to look
after it. 77- My brother is sitting by the telephone
wishing his girlfriend ---- him.
A) aren't going to go
B) hadn't been going A) calls
C) haven't gone B) has called
D) weren't to go C) will call
E) couldn't go D) would call
E) is calling
71- If Alexander Graham Bell ---- alive today, I'm
sure he ---- amazed at the developments in 78- I know Sibel wishes she ---- the horses with
the means of telecommunications. her friends, but she is too young.
A) were/would be A) could ride

B) has been/will be B) would ride
C) had been/has been C) will be riding
D) would be/had been D) would have ridden
E) will be/was E) has ridden
72- The reputation of football in the UK ---- if a 79- One day I ---- to visit my cousin in Australia if
new national stadium ---- soon. I can get three weeks off work.
A) must have suffered/didn't build A) have liked

B) will suffer/isn't built B) had liked
C) has been suffering/weren't built C) would like
D) would suffer/hadn't built D) liked
E) had suffered/couldn't be built E) were to like
73- I wish I ---- a hay fever tablet this morning. 80- Later on today, I ---- a cake for tea if we ----
Then my eyes ---- now. all of the necessary ingredients, of course.
A) would take/wouldn't have itched A) would bake/were having

B) took/wouldn't itch B) will bake/have
C) had taken/wouldn't be itching C) could have baked/had
D) were taking/won't itch D) will have baked/have had
E) have taken/shouldn't have itched E) were to have baked/would have
74- If the previous owners ---- up the chimney, 81- That yoghurt ---- mouldy if you ---- it soon.
we ---- a real fire now.
A) was going/didn't eat
A) hadn't blocked/could light B) would have gone/weren't eating
B) wouldn't block/were lighting C) will go/don't eat
C) aren't blocking/have lit D) goes/won't have eaten
D) weren't blocking/would have lit E) would go/haven't eaten
E) didn't block/may be lighting
102
82- If people ---- any opium-related drug often 88- Sheila was busy trying to please Jim all
enough, they ---- physically dependent, or night at the party as though he ---- the only
addicted, to the drug. guest at her party.
A) take/become A) were
B) took/became B) would be
C) would take/had become C) has been
D) were taking/may become D) had been
E) are taking/have become E) could be
83- Danny and I ---- the responsibility for the 89- ---- John ---- in late again today, don't
food for the party provided you ---- the hall hesitate to give him a final warning. I cannot
with balloons. stand anyone not being punctual at all.
A) take/would be decorating A) Had/come

B) have taken/would decorate B) Should/come
C) can take/decorate C) Would/come
D) are taking/decorated D) Will/come
E) could take/should decorate E) Has/come
84- I don't believe that Susan really wants to 90- Most of the students ---- a lot better on the
lose weight; otherwise, she ---- vigorously test, but they definitely ---- adequate time.
every day.
A) will be doing/don't give
A) will be exercising B) should have done/aren't given
B) was exercising C) did/wouldn't have been given
C) exercises D) were doing/haven't given
D) has exercised E) could have done/weren't given
E) would exercise
91- As he ---- a party with us that evening, that
85- When I entered the teenager's bedroom, it means that he ---- in the vicinity the night
looked as though a hurricane ---- the place. Tommy was attacked.
A) has hit A) had attended/won't be

B) hits B) had been attending/hasn't been
C) would hit C) was attending/couldn't have been
D) had hit D) attends/wouldn't be
E) has been hitting E) would attend/hadn't been
86- David ---- the sponsored bike ride if he ---- to 92- If we ---- out all the clutter in our filing
raise money on behalf of that charity for cabinets in the first place, we ---- so behind
world peace. with the tax payments now.
A) doesn't enter/wouldn't have decided A) were sorting/wouldn't have been

B) wasn't entering/didn't decide B) have sorted/can't have been
C) didn't enter/hasn't decided C) sorted/won't be
D) couldn't enter/might not decide D) had sorted/wouldn't be
E) wouldn't be entering/hadn't decided E) are sorting/haven't been
87- You ---- in your exam paper when the bell 93- My brother ---- the competition provided
rings even if you ---- answering all of the safety measures ---- .
questions.
A) enters/were to be taken
A) have to hand/haven't finished B) has entered/had been taken
B) will hand/didn't finish C) would enter/were taken
C) were handing/wouldn't have finished D) will enter/will have taken
D) must hand/may not finish E) entered/would have been taken
E) would have handed/hadn't finished
94- Kate has just ignored me as if we ----
complete strangers. Have I upset her?
A) were
B) are
C) will be
D) would be
E) have been
103
95- If you ---- to go by the area where I live while 102- You ---- the stain from the carpet if you ---- it
you're travelling to your destination, would with soap immediately.
you like to stop over for a break?
A) were removing/may have rubbed
A) have happened B) removed/would have rubbed
B) should happen C) might have removed/had rubbed
C) would happen D) have removed/will be rubbing
D) might happen E) would remove/have rubbed
E) had happened
103- Supposing you found out that you were
96- "If there ---- so many badly behaved boys in adopted, ---- you ---- to search for your real
that awful class, perhaps it ---- quite so birth parents?
unruly," argued the substitute teacher.
A) did/choose
A) hadn't been/shouldn't be B) could/have chosen
B) can't be/might not be C) would/choose
C) wouldn't be/wasn't D) had/chosen
D) aren't/hasn't been E) will/choose
E) weren't/wouldn't be
104- We ---- reading standards in this country if
97- I ---- you to the party, but I was informed that we ---- free books to children under the age
you ---- in Italy on holiday. of five.
A) will invite/have been A) raised/were donating

B) had been inviting/are B) may raise/would donate
C) would have invited/were C) could raise/were to donate
D) would invite/had been D) will raise/could have donated
E) invited/would have been E) have raised/would be donating
98- You ---- for your exams; now, you failed your 105- I wish you ---- part in the charity work too. It
degree and ruined your chances of getting a gave such great satisfaction to us all.
good job!
A) could have taken
A) have to revise B) are taking
B) should have revised C) have been taking
C) will be revising D) were taking
D) had been revising E) would take
E) must have revised
106- Jim scratched his head as if he ---- over the
99- I wish you ---- your gum less vigorously. It's answer. In fact, he had solved the problem
getting on my nerves. within seconds.
A) would chew A) confused

B) are chewing B) would confuse
C) have chewed C) were confused
D) chew D) has been confused
E) can chew E) will be confused
100- Jenny ---- back to work after the baby is born 107- My son always ---- a temper tantrum if he ----
if she ---- work part-time. any sweets with artificial colouring in them.
A) would come/will be able to A) could have/had given

B) will come/is able to B) will have/were given
C) was coming/had been able to C) would have/gives
D) has come/has been able to D) had had/has been given
E) comes/might be able to E) has/is given
101- If everyone ---- to strike over this matter, I am 108- Had Tony been a little more organised, we
afraid that the company ---- bankrupt before ---- the arrangement.
the end of the month.
A) won't be cancelling
A) has decided/has gone B) didn't have to cancel
B) had decided/will be going C) haven't cancelled
C) would decide/goes D) might not have had to cancel
D) decides/will go E) won't have had to cancel
E) will decide/is going
104
109- Unless you ---- the front gate to enter the 116- My husband ---- the dog for a walk in the woods
garden, you ---- the spring flower display. this afternoon if the weather ---- for the better.
A) have used/couldn't have seen A) may take/were changing

B) should use/won't have seen B) would be taking/has changed
C) are using/haven't been able to see C) will take/changes
D) use/won't be able to see D) will have taken/had changed
E) had used/didn't see E) might have taken/will change
110- Supposing that it had been you who won the 117- You are coughing badly. You ---- smoking at
holiday for four people to Jamaica, who ---- least for a few days unless, of course, you
you ---- with you? ---- your lungs to become worse.
A) would/have taken A) would stop/have wanted

B) had/taken B) stop/wanted
C) did/take C) must stop/want
D) should/be taking D) ought to stop/will want
E) were/taking E) were to stop/would want
111- The driver must have been driving really 118- I was so relieved that I had managed to catch
carelessly, or the police ---- him just for the train because if I had missed it, I ---- all the
driving over the limit. way to town to get to the interview on time.
A) won't have arrested A) ought to be running

B) wouldn't have arrested B) must have run
C) might not arrest C) will have been running
D) haven't arrested D) had to run
E) don't arrest E) would have had to run
112- If you don't pull down the clasp with your 119- I wish he ---- up. The children are getting
forefinger and hold it in place, you ---- the tired of waiting for him in the car.
necklace properly.
A) hurry
A) couldn't fasten B) could have hurried
B) might not have fastened C) has hurried
C) won't be able to fasten D) can hurry
D) can't have fastened E) would hurry
E) wouldn't be fastening
120- I really wish the drama teacher ---- Paula to
113- I don't understand why you are attending a be the main role in the play. She has been
gym. You ---- quite a bit of weight if you ---- getting so boastful about her acting talent.
to work each day.
A) hasn't chosen
A) could be losing/would jog B) hadn't chosen
B) would lose/jogged C) didn't choose
C) ought to have lost/had jogged D) doesn't choose
D) have lost/will be jogging E) wouldn't choose
E) might have lost/jog
121- You really ---- me that you had invited your
114- If I ---- to my daughter in both English and mother for Sunday lunch. The house was
Turkish from birth, she ---- bilingual. such a mess when she arrived!
A) won't speak/hasn't been A) were telling

B) hadn't spoken/wouldn't be B) would tell
C) don't speak/wasn't going to be C) should have told
D) won't speak/isn't going to be D) told
E) haven't spoken/couldn't be E) had to tell
115- If I ---- for at least an hour a night, I ---- it in 122- I wonder how Mimar Sinan ---- if he ---- the
the end. ugly concrete buildings constructed today.
A) don't study/will regret A) would feel/could see

B) couldn't study/was to regret B) was feeling/had seen
C) didn't study/have regretted C) felt/was to see
D) wasn't studying/had regretted D) would have felt/has seen
E) wouldn't study/regretted E) had felt/saw
105
123- My sister, who is attending university, wishes 130- Winning is so important to Julie that she ----
she ---- something more interesting than the competition if she ---- she could qualify
mathematics. for the finals.
A) had studied A) doesn't enter/hasn't thought

B) would be studying B) wasn't entering/didn't think
C) is studying C) couldn't enter/might not think
D) was studying D) wouldn't be entering/didn't think
E) has been studying E) didn't enter/wouldn't have thought
124- Peter wished he ---- to the party, but he was 131- When Riley ---- that she had won the lottery,
urgently called back to work to solve a she ---- down while she recovered from the
computer problem there. shock.
A) could have come A) learnt/had to sit

B) would come B) was learning/had sat
C) has come C) will learn/sits
D) will be coming D) has been learning/would sit
E) came E) would learn/had been sitting
125- I wish we ---- more time to type these 132- The atmosphere of the match ---- so tense if
reports. I've had no social life for weeks as the referee ---- six players the red card in the
all my spare time is taken up by writing. first half.
A) could give A) didn't grow/weren't showing

B) would be giving B) wouldn't have grown/hadn't shown
C) have been given C) hasn't been growing/doesn't show
D) had been given D) won't grow/wouldn't be showing
E) were giving E) might not have grown/hasn't shown
126- As I ---- in a meeting all afternoon, it ---- me 133- I'm sure Mum ---- home today if she ---- about
whom your friend claims to have seen at the the riots in the streets before she left.
cafe at 2:00.
A) wasn't leaving/would hear
A) am/won't be B) hadn't left/could have heard
B) will be/hasn't been C) didn't leave/has heard
C) was/couldn't have been D) won't have left/hears
D) would be/wouldn't be E) wouldn't have left/had heard
E) have been/hadn't been
134- If you ---- to see that book on fortune telling,
127- Gill ---- to grandmother's house on Sunday would you please buy it for me, and I will pay
with the rest of the family even if she ---- to. you back?
A) will go/didn't want A) have happened

B) was going/wouldn't have wanted B) should happen
C) has to go/doesn't want C) would happen
D) may be going/hadn't wanted D) might happen
E) must go/wouldn't want E) had happened
128- If you ---- for even just thirty minutes a day, 135- I wish we ---- the Pergamum Museum during
you ---- yourself at your desired weight. our stay in Berlin, but it will be closed
because of renovations.
A) exercised/have been able to keep
B) exercise/will be able to keep A) had visited
C) would exercise/were able to keep B) will be visiting
D) were exercising/may be keeping C) are able to visit
E) are exercising/have been kept D) could visit
E) have visited
129- If we ---- to put our winter coats in the car,
we ---- so cold at the moment.
A) had remembered/wouldn't be
B) were remembering/wouldn't have been
C) have remembered/can't have been
D) remembered/won't be
E) would have remembered/haven't been
106
136- ---- the package ---- when I am not at home, 142- If everyone ---- money towards a gift for
please sign for it and leave it on the kitchen Gladys' retirement, we ---- able to get her
table for me, will you? something very special.
A) Had/arrived A) has contributed/have been

B) Would/be arriving B) had contributed/will have been
C) Will/have arrived C) would contribute/were
D) Should/arrive D) contributes/will be
E) Has/been arriving E) will contribute/would have been
137- Most of the passengers ---- if the flight 143- Our team ---- the game if the best player ----
attendant ---- in such an alarming manner. his ankle during the second half when he
was pushed by someone on the opposing
A) won't be panicking/didn't react team.
B) wouldn't have panicked/hadn't reacted
C) didn't panic/wouldn't have been reacting A) may have won/wasn't twisting
D) weren't panicking/wouldn't react B) would have won/wouldn't be twisting
E) couldn't have panicked/weren't reacting C) had won/didn't twist
D) will be winning/hasn't twisted
138- Susan likes to go to the spa since the staff E) might have won/hadn't twisted
there treats her as if she ---- someone rich
and famous. 144- Supposing that you caught the cleaning lady
stealing from you, ---- you ---- her
A) will be immediately or give her another chance?
B) would be
C) has been A) will/fire
D) would have been B) would/fire
E) were C) were/firing
D) have/fired
139- If there ---- so many people abusing the E) did/fire
welfare system, perhaps there ---- more
money for education. 145- Joseph ---- Maria a birthday gift; now she'll
probably never forgive him for forgetting it,
A) weren't/would be especially since she'd given him such a nice
B) hadn't been/should be gift on his birthday.
C) wouldn't be/was
D) aren't/has been A) has to buy
E) can't be/might be B) will be buying
C) should have bought
140- I really wish you ---- me what he thinks about D) had been buying
me, as now I'll find it hard to behave as if I E) must have bought
---- anything.
146- A childless family ---- some child's life as
A) hadn't told/didn't know well as their own if they ---- a baby from the
B) didn't tell/wouldn't know orphanage.
C) haven't told/hadn't known
D) weren't telling/don't know A) could improve/were to adopt
E) don't tell/haven't known B) improved/were adopting
C) may improve/would have been adopting
141- I wish my husband ---- the kitchen after he D) will improve/could have adopted
cooks something rather than leave all the E) has improved/would be adopting
dishes for me to do.
147- You ---- for my opinion first before asking
A) are cleaning your mother to come and live with us, but
B) have cleaned it's too late to do anything about it now.
C) would clean
D) clean A) must have asked
E) can clean B) have been asking
C) would ask
D) should have asked
E) could ask
107
148- If I ---- my textbooks today, I ---- them by the 155- Michael ---- very tired last night, or else he
time the term begins, and then I'll surely fall ---- until 2 o'clock in the afternoon today.
behind in the reading.
A) would have been/won't have slept
A) won't order/haven't received B) must have been/wouldn't have slept
B) don't order/won't have received C) is/might not be sleeping
C) hadn't ordered/wouldn't receive D) will have been/hasn't slept
D) haven't ordered/couldn't receive E) was to be/doesn't sleep
E) can't order/am not receiving
156- Luke pretended as if he ---- that he had lost
149- I wish Martin ---- to the party; he caused the game, but he was secretly glad that it
nothing but trouble all night. had finally ended.
A) weren't inviting A) has been disappointed

B) hasn't been invited B) disappointed
C) wouldn't have invited C) would disappoint
D) weren't invited D) will be disappointed
E) hadn't been invited E) were disappointed
150- You ---- up more easily in the morning if you 157- I wish she ---- singing in the shower because
---- to bed so late every night. it wakes me up every morning.
A) could be getting/might not go A) stops

B) ought to have got/haven't gone B) could have stopped
C) would get/didn't go C) would stop
D) have got/won't be going D) has stopped
E) might have got/don't go E) can stop
151- You ---- on a trip into the remote parts of 158- If the great libraries of ancient times,like the
Australia unless you ---- the other people on one in Alexandria, Egypt, ---- down to us with
the team very well. all their books and manuscripts intact,
humanity today ---- an invaluable source of
A) wouldn't venture/have known cultural heritage.
B) didn't venture/had known
C) aren't venturing/will know A) had come/would possess
D) shouldn't venture/know B) were coming/has possessed
E) weren't venturing/knew C) came/will have possessed
D) would be coming/possessed
152- If only we ---- to Mum's advice, we ---- in E) could have come/possesses
such an awful predicament now.
159- I wish we ---- about the parking situation;
A) had listened/wouldn't be then we ---- public transportation instead of
B) might listen/won't be driving our own car here and finding
C) would listen/haven't been nowhere to leave it.
D) listened/hadn't been
E) were listening/aren't A) could be warned/may take
B) would be warning/would be taking
153- My plants ---- if you ---- them while I was C) have been warned/will take
away. D) had been warned/would have taken
E) were being warned/will have taken
A) won't be dying/have watered
B) wouldn't have died/had watered 160- My cousin wishes she ---- in a big city rather
C) didn't die/would have watered than on a farm, because there she is away
D) haven't died/were watering from all the benefits of modern life.
E) won't have died/have been watering
A) was living
154- As long as he ---- a new toy to play with, our B) had lived
dog ---- himself entertained for hours. C) would be living
D) is living
A) has been given/is kept E) has been living
B) would be given/was kept
C) is given/can keep
D) will have given/should keep
E) had given/would keep
108
161- If I ---- the coursework for my master's 168- If the richer nations really ---- to give poorer
degree this year, I ---- it because I'll have countries a chance to develop, they ---- the
exceeded the time allowed. high tariffs they have against their cheaper
products, but they don't show any sign of
A) couldn't finish/wasn't able to complete preparing to do so.
B) didn't finish/haven't completed
C) don't finish/won't be able to complete A) want/will remove
D) wasn't finishing/didn't have to complete B) had wanted/would have removed
E) wouldn't finish/shouldn't have completed C) will want/will be removed
D) wanted/would remove
162- You ---- me your dirty clothes before I started E) have wanted/would be removed
the washing machine; now I ---- another load.
169- She wishes she ---- the only girl in class who
A) were giving/must do ---- to school every day instead of taking the
B) should have given/will have to do school service bus.
C) would give/would be doing
D) gave/will have been doing A) hadn't been/walks
E) had to give/might have done B) weren't/had to walk
C) wasn't/should walk
163- I wish I ---- such a big lunch before going on D) isn't/must walk
the roller coaster because my stomach is E) wasn't/might walk
really upset now.
170- If you ---- the roof repaired during the
A) haven't eaten summer, you ---- around now trying to
B) didn't eat protect your furniture from the leaks.
C) wouldn't eat
D) couldn't eat A) were having/shouldn't run
E) hadn't eaten B) had/wouldn't have run
C) had had/wouldn't be running
164- If I ---- you how critical the present situation D) have had/aren't running
of the economy is, I'm sure you ---- me. E) would have/haven't been running
A) have told/didn't believe 171- I believe that, if the teacher ---- the subjects
B) would tell/haven't believed clearly giving plenty of examples, none of
C) will be telling/mustn't believe them ---- hard for students to understand.
D) were to tell/wouldn't believe
E) might have told/don't believe A) explains/will be
B) explained/have been
165- Tommy is sitting in his room wishing that he C) was explaining/is
---- so that now he ---- outside playing with D) had explained/was
his friends. E) would explain/had been
A) hadn't misbehaved/could be 172- After Susan had finished watching the play,
B) wasn't misbehaving/had been she thought that if Othello ---- such an
C) doesn't misbehave/has been extremely jealous nature, he ---- to Lago's
D) hasn't misbehaved/would be slanders.
E) shouldn't have misbehaved/was
A) isn't having/isn't listening
166- If it ---- tomorrow, I ---- stay at home and B) hadn't had/hadn't listened
watch a DVD than go out into town. C) doesn't have/won't listen
D) wasn't having/couldn't listen
A) rained/should E) didn't have/wouldn't have listened
B) was raining/have got to
C) rains/would rather 173- If new crops such as potatoes, tomatoes and
D) had been raining/would sooner maize ---- back from America after its
E) is raining/could discovery, the cuisines of Europe, Africa and
Asia ---- very different today.
167- As long as there is any chance of renewed
conflict there, NATO troops ---- in Kosovo. A) weren't brought/would have been
B) hadn't been brought/would be
A) should have remained C) didn't bring/will be
B) are able to remain D) hadn't brought/was going to be
C) have had to remain E) weren't bringing/has been
D) will have to remain
E) would have remained
109
174- If travellers don't get vaccinated against the 180- She wishes she ---- computer engineering as
diseases prevalent in the area they are she ---- many advertisements in the
visiting, they ---- back from their vacation newspaper recently offering highly-paid jobs
with serious health problems. to graduates from that department.
A) might have been coming A) studied/will have seen

B) may come B) had been studying/would have seen
C) have come C) studies/sees
D) are coming D) had studied/has seen
E) should have come E) has been studying/saw
175- Why is Bob making all that noise upstairs? If 181- Had the houses not been built at the bottom
he ---- the broken tap, then you ---- him that I of the valley, but rather on higher ground,
am trying to study down here. they ---- during the recent torrential rains.
A) is repairing/should tell A) wouldn't have been flooded

B) has been repairing/must tell B) won't be flooded
C) repairs/will tell C) wouldn't flood
D) was repairing/told D) won't have flooded
E) repaired/have told E) won't be flooding
176- Some people in India wish that the country 182- Lucy really wishes she ---- with us when we
---- between themselves and Pakistan in ---- Topkapı Palace tomorrow, but she has to
1947. attend a parents’ meeting at her son's
school.
A) wasn't being partitioned
B) hadn't been partitioned A) can come/were visiting
C) didn't partition B) will come/visit
D) hadn't partitioned C) would come/are going to visit
E) wasn't partitioned D) could come/visit
E) had come/will be visiting
177- If he ---- at the bowling alley tonight, it is
because he ---- his homework by that time. 183- If their house ---- at the moment, they ----
over this afternoon, but they're very worried
A) had turned up/has done about leaving the decorators there on their
B) turned up/would be doing own.
C) will turn up/will do
D) turned up/did A) isn't painted/will be coming
E) turns up/will have done B) wasn't painting/would have come
C) wasn't painted/would be coming
178- ---- you to study more, do your homework D) isn't painting/will come
and attend class regularly, you ---- better E) wasn't being painted/would come
grades.
184- If the Earth's climate ---- to get hotter, some
A) Did/might get low-lying island nations, like the Maldives,
B) Have/will be getting ---- under the sea as its level rises due to
C) Are/could get glacier melting.
D) Were/would get
E) Will/can get A) is continuing/would have disappeared
B) would continue/were disappearing
179- They both ---- umbrellas, but they ---- that it C) was continuing/will have disappeared
was going to rain while they were going D) might continue/could disappear
around town today. E) continues/will disappear
A) might bring/hadn't thought 185- If the Chinese company ---- his job
B) would have brought/didn't think application, Doug ---- in Beijing for the next
C) could have brought/haven't thought few years.
D) would bring/weren't thinking
E) will bring/don't think A) was accepted/were to live
B) has accepted/has been living
C) will have accepted/lives
D) accepts/will be living
E) accepted/would have lived
110
186- ---- the party get too loud while we're not 192- If there ---- an integrated underground
here, you ---- to have another one while system in Istanbul, it ---- me so long every
you're living under our roof! day to get to where I am working.
A) Would/wouldn't allow A) has been/won't have taken

B) Should/won't be allowed B) will have been/won't take
C) Must/won't be allowing C) were/wouldn't take
D) Might/wouldn't be allowed D) was/won't be taking
E) Could/won't allow E) had been/ought not to be taking
187- From its run-down appearance, it seems as 193- If they ---- insurance out on their car, they ----
though the house ---- badly by its former such a large amount of money at the
owners. moment to the family of the child they
injured.
A) would be neglected
B) could have neglected A) had taken/wouldn't be paying
C) was neglected B) took/won't be paying
D) will be neglected C) have taken/didn't pay
E) is supposed to neglect D) took/wouldn't pay
E) had been taking/shouldn't have paid
188- If I ---- properly last night, I ---- up this
morning with such a terrible migraine. 194- If they ---- their vacation in Marmaris this
summer, we ---- them there.
A) was sleeping/wouldn't be waking
B) slept/wouldn't wake A) were spending/may have seen
C) had slept/wouldn't have woken B) are spending/might see
D) have slept/won't wake C) spend/would see
E) had been sleeping/won't be waking D) had spent/must see
E) have spent/are able to see
189- If you ---- the car to the garage to have its
radiator changed three days ago, then it ---- 195- If you ---- too fast on the icy road, then it----
ready by now. your fault that you crashed.
A) took/should be A) drove/has been

B) had taken/is B) are driving/would have been
C) were taking/has been C) were driving/was
D) would take/must be D) have driven/will have been
E) have taken/ought to be E) will drive/is
190- As far as I could see, Real Madrid ---- the 196- He wished that his parents' plane ---- a long
match last night if they ---- a much more time before he started work so that he ----
aggressive game. them from the airport, as they had trouble
finding his house on their own.
A) should win/played
B) would be able to win/had played A) arrived/will have collected
C) might have won/played B) could arrive/ought to have collected
D) could have won/had played C) were arriving/has been able to collect
E) could be winning/were playing D) would arrive/should collect
E) had arrived/could have collected
191- ---- I found the keys to the car, I ---- to work
on my bicycle through the icy rain. 197- Our assistant manager ---- over the meeting
next week if the manager ---- from his trip by
A) Were/didn't need to go then.
B) Have/must not have.gone
C) Should/won't have gone A) is presiding/won't have returned
D) Have/wouldn't be going B) presides/can't have returned
E) Had/wouldn't have gone C) has presided/didn't return
D) will preside/hasn't returned
E) should preside/isn't returning
111
198- Hernando Cortez ---- inland from the Mexican 204- ---- Edward really as poor as he claimed, he
coast if the Aztec ambassadors ---- him to ---- to take his holiday in Paris next week.
attack them by unwittingly showing how
wealthy their nation was. A) Was/won't be able to afford
B) Is/can't afford
A) might not march/won't be encouraging C) Were/wouldn't be able to afford
B) may not march/don't encourage D) Is/shouldn't afford
C) would not have marched/can't be E) Were/might not afford
encouraging
D) would not march/couldn't encourage 205- A lot of domestic accidents ---- if small
E) might not have marched/hadn't encouraged children ---- unsupervised.
199- He wishes that the US consulate ---- his A) have been prevented/weren't leaving
application for a work visa so that he ---- off B) were prevented/wouldn't be left.
and start a new life for himself in Chicago. C) could have prevented/didn't leave
D) could be prevented/weren't left
A) would accept/could go E) ought to prevent/haven't been left
B) has accepted/might go
C) had accepted/must go 206- Our holiday in Galway was nice on the
D) will accept/can go whole, but if it ---- most of the time we were
E) accepts/has been able to go there, we ---- ourselves more.
200- If Rome ---- the Punic Wars against Carthage, A) didn't rain/could have enjoyed
it ---- master of the Mediterranean in B) hadn't rained/would enjoy
classical times. C) doesn't rain/will be enjoying
D) wasn't raining/will have enjoyed
A) doesn't win/wouldn't become E) hadn't been raining/would have enjoyed
B) wasn't winning/couldn't have become
C) hadn't won/wouldn't have become 207- If we human beings ---- two eyes but only one,
D) couldn't have won/wouldn't become we ---- problems understanding the distance
E) didn't win/hadn't become between us and the object we are looking at.
201- Providing that he ---- the money for the A) don't have/will have
ticket, he ---- with us to the match this B) won't have/will have had
Saturday. C) haven't had/will be having
D) didn't have/would have
A) will find/would have come E) hadn't had/ought to have
B) has found/would come
C) is found/will have come 208- The people of the Aceh province of
D) finds/will be coming Indonesia wish that they ---- independence
E) had been found/would be coming along with East Timor in 2002.
202- If the social welfare systems ---- so good in A) granted

Western countries, why ---- so many people B) were granted
---- on the streets when we went there? C) had been granted
D) would be granted
A) were/had...lived E) had granted
B) are/were...living
C) had been/have...lived 209- If they ---- a tramline down the middle of our
D) are/are...living street these days, the traffic ---- much more
E) would be/have been...living freely.
203- This is a public health message – if you ---- a A) weren't building/would move
heart attack, call for an ambulance B) hadn't been building/has been moving
immediately, as even a short delay ---- you C) didn't build/would have moved
your life. D) hadn't built/can be moving
E) aren't building/should have moved
A) have/could cost
B) had had/would have cost 210- If the Earth ---- to spin on its axis, gravity ----
C) had/has cost existing as a real force.
D) were having/will cost
E) are having/must cost A) doesn't continue/has stopped
B) wasn't continuing/can stop
C) hadn't continued/should stop
D) didn't continue/would stop
E) isn't continuing/stops
112
211- If he ---- better care of his teeth as a 217- We ---- seven days as a week if the ancient
youngster, he ---- use false teeth now, as he Mesopotamians ---- time up in that way.
is still not very old.
A) won't count/won't have divided
A) was taking/won't have had to B) didn't count/wouldn't have divided
B) had taken/wouldn't have to C) don't count/didn't divide
C) had been taking/won't have to D) wouldn't count/hadn't divided
D) takes/hasn't had to E) wouldn't have counted/haven't divided
E) took/wouldn't have had to
218- Mr. Stizzito ---- angry if you ---- him his pills
212- Songül wishes that she ---- a vacation on the at the correct times.
Mediterranean coast next July.
A) would get/aren't giving
A) has taken B) gets/don't give
B) could take C) has got/won't give
C) will have taken D) will get/hadn't given
D) will take E) is getting/wouldn't give
E) can take
219- If, someday, a large meteor ---- the Earth, the
213- According to the myths of Ancient Greece, if results ---- as catastrophic as a large-scale
Jason ---- by Medea, he wouldn't have been nuclear war.
able to take the Golden Fleece from King
Aeetes of Colchis. A) is striking/are
B) has struck/were
A) couldn't be helped C) strikes/will be
B) couldn't help D) had struck/ are
C) hadn't been helped E) will strike/will have been
D) didn't help
E) shouldn't be helped 220- Eleni's family ---- her out to dinner if she ----
a goal in the football match.
214- I wish the international community ----
something to stop the genocide that ---- in A) takes/will have scored
the Darfur region of the Sudan at the B) would take/is scoring
moment. C) took/would score
D) would have taken/will score
A) had done/went on E) will take/scores
B) would do/is going on
C) does/goes on 221- I wish we ---- lahmacuns for lunch later today
D) did/was going on instead of that carrot stew.
E) will do/will go on
A) were going to eat
215- Cafer ---- on time for work this morning if he B) had eaten
---- so much time having breakfast. C) will eat
D) are eating
A) would be/doesn't spend E) can eat
B) could have been/hasn't spent
C) will be/wasn't spending 222- In 1994, if the French government ---- the
D) was/wouldn't be spending genocidal extremist Hutu regime with
E) would have been/hadn't spent weapons, hundreds of thousands of Tutsis
and moderate Hutus ---- .
216- I don't really feel like going out tonight. I ----
just stay at home to relax if that's alright with A) didn't supply/won't be murdered
you. B) hadn't supplied/wouldn't have been
murdered
A) would like C) wouldn't supply/weren't murdered
B) do mind D) hasn't supplied/won't have been murdered
C) would prefer E) won't supply/hadn't been murdered
D) have preferred
E) would rather 223- I didn't know that you lived near my house;
----, I would have given you a lift home.
A) supposing
B) otherwise
C) unless
D) even if
E) without
113
224- Asbestos ---- still ---- in houses due to its 231- If the Moon ---- one orbit around the Earth
fireproof qualities if it ---- so dangerous for and one complete revolution on its axis at
human health. the same rate, we sometimes ---- the other
side of it.
A) will...be used/can't be
B) has...been used/hadn't been A) didn't complete/would see
C) would...be used/wasn't B) won't complete/will see
D) is...used/won't be C) doesn't complete/had seen
E) was...used/isn't D) wasn't completing/are seeing
E) wouldn't complete/see
225- If archaeologists ---- the Ark of the Covenant
by now, then they ---- in the wrong place. 232- Savaş and Banu wish that they ---- their
pharmacy open this Tuesday night.
A) hadn't discovered/have been looking
B) weren't discovering/must be looking A) won't need to keep
C) didn't discover/would have been looking B) needn't have kept
D) don't discover/will be looking C) mustn't keep
E) haven't discovered/may be looking D) ought not to keep
E) didn't have to keep
226- Hüda wishes she ---- so much money for her
new car, as she ---- it back for the next five 233- If the weather ---- bad, the ferries between
years. Eminönü and Kadıköy ---- .
A) hasn't borrowed/is paying A) had been/don't operate

B) didn't borrow/has been paying B) will be/haven't operated
C) doesn't borrow/will pay C) is/won't operate
D) hadn't borrowed/will be paying D) would be/didn't operate
E) wasn't borrowing/will have paid E) was/aren't operating
227- I ---- the murderer much more clearly last 234- ---- I can find a babysitter for my son, I ---- to
night if the streetlight on the corner had the office party this weekend.
been working properly.
A) In case/shouldn't come
A) was able to see B) Even if/ don't come
B) had been able to see C) Unless/won't be able to come
C) would be able to see D) Providing/won't be coming
D) would have been able to see E) Supposing/won't have come
E) will have been able to see
235- Thousands of lives ---- every year if
228- If a player ---- a 72 on many 18-hole golf earthquakes ---- accurately.
courses, it ---- an even-par round.
A) must be saved/can be predicted
A) scored/will be called B) would be saved/could be predicted
B) scores/is called C) are saved/will be predicted
C) has scored/would have been called D) would have been saved/have been predicted
D) will score/has been called E) may be saved/had been predicte
E) is scoring/would be called
236- Your mobile phone ---- now if you ---- to
229- Scott ---- Catherine Zeta-Jones if he ---- down charge its battery last night.
Glamorgan Road on Friday afternoon.
A) was working/wouldn't have forgot
A) didn't see/hasn't driven B) will work/don't forget
B) won't see/wasn't driving C) would work/haven't forgot
C) wouldn't have seen/hadn't been driving D) is working/won't forget
D) couldn't see/hadn't driven E) would be working/hadn't forgot
E) hadn't been seeing/didn't drive
237- ---- Onur had answered one more question
230- Had Max Brod ---- the request of Franz Kafka correctly, he ---- a place in the university's
to burn his unpublished books, few people chemistry department.
today ---- of the world-famous writer.
A) What if/will have got
A) been followed/are knowing B) As if/would be getting
B) be followed/know C) Even if/will get
C) follow/have known D) Only if/would get
D) followed/would know E) If only/would have got
E) following/will know
114
238- I wish that I ---- to ride a bicycle when I was a 245- According to polls, the majority of
child. Americans now wish that their government
---- to war in Iraq in 2003.
A) would learn
B) have learned A) hasn't gone
C) was learning B) hadn't gone
D) had learned C) didn't go
E) could learn D) won't have gone
E) wouldn't go
239- A two-humped Bactrian camel ---- if it ---- to
the deserts of Arabia, where one-humped 246- You ---- the phone to call the bus company if
camels live. Susan ---- the Internet.
A) dies/will be brought A) haven't been able to use/has used

B) would die/was brought B) weren't able to use/uses
C) will die/would be brought C) won't be able to use/is using
D) is dying/had been brought D) aren't able to use/had used
E) would have died/is brought E) wouldn't be able to use/will use
240- If the baby ---- up, ---- you ---- him some 247- East Timor ---- independent now if the
water? resistance movement FRETILIN ---- for this
goal for a quarter of a century.
A) wakes/could...give
B) woke/have...given A) hasn't been/doesn't fight
C) will wake/are...giving B) isn't/hasn't fought
D) is waking/would...have given C) wouldn't be/hadn't fought
E) had woken/had...given D) wouldn't have been/didn't fight
E) wasn't/hasn't been fighting
241- The Musallah complex in Herat ---- one of the
most prized set of buildings in Central Asia if 248- Lorena wishes that she ---- for the school's
it ---- in the 19th century by the British army. Softball team in the game this afternoon.
A) had been/wouldn't be destroyed A) should have played

B) is/wasn't destroyed B) would rather play
C) would have been/hasn't been destroyed C) can play
D) was/wouldn't have been destroyed D) could play
E) would be/hadn't been destroyed E) must play
242- If you ---- a party last weekend, you ---- me. 249- If the polar icecaps ----, a number of Turkish
cities ---- up wholly or partly underwater.
A) are having/must invite
B) had had/would rather have invited A) would melt/have ended
C) were having/used to invite B) melt/will end
D) had/should have invited C) melted/ended
E) would have/ought to have invited D) will melt/are ending
E) are melting/end
243- It is a well-known fact that, if water ---- to
100°C, it ---- . 250- Greece ---- to Persia in the 5th century BC if
the large Persian navy ---- seriously ---- in a
A) is heated/boils number of heavy storms.
B) will be heated/is boiling
C) was heated/will boil A) had fallen/hasn't been...damaged
D) has been heated/would boil B) fell/wouldn't have been...damaged
E) would be heated/would have boiled C) could fall/wasn't...damaged
D) would have fallen/won't be...damaged
244- Also, according to David Hume, even if water E) might have fallen/hadn't been...damaged
at sea level ---- always ---- at 100°C since the
beginning of time, it still ---- so tomorrow.
A) had...boiled/didn't do
B) has...boiled/may not do
C) was...boiling/won't do
D) is...boiling/might not do
E) would...boil/hasn't done
115
IF CLAUSES (CÜMLE TAMAMLAMA)
1- I've bought some candles ---- . 7- Without adequate funding, the new sports
centre ---- .
A) unless we run out of gas later
B) only if they are used as ornaments A) will never reach its full potential
C) in case there's another power-cut B) might have been better promoted
D) otherwise, I'll have to get some holders C) could have been finished a month early
E) if there weren't any other source of light D) hasn't been given a grant
E) wouldn't now be about to go bankrupt
2- Unless the conditions are altered
significantly, ---- . 8- ----, he hasn't been able to get out much.
A) the manager has only accepted it as it stands A) If he had a little more spare time
B) the board won't agree to merge the two B) Since he fractured his knee playing football
companies C) Unless he is allowed to take some time off
C) it would have pushed them into liquidation soon
D) we had considered pulling out of the deal D) Provided that there are no objections to his
completely absence
E) neither the office staff nor the workers would E) Had he not been so involved with the
renegotiate setting up of the new company
3- Were you to phrase your request in slightly 9- I can't wait to see his face ---- .
milder language, ---- .
A) as soon as he passed his driving test
A) you have no idea of how to be tactful B) even if he meets his sister again after so
B) it was to be given the same consideration as many years
the others C) when he is told he has come top in all his
C) he will almost certainly give his consent exams
D) you might find a less hostile response D) while he was reading the review of his book
E) they would have taken their time to think in that magazine
about it E) if he found out about the surprise party
we've organized
4- Although I came top in every exam I took, ---- .
10- ----, I'll be extremely annoyed!
A) I wish I hadn't been forced to study Latin in
school A) Since you're determined to cause trouble at
B) they would have selected only those with every opportunity
high grades B) In case you have forgotten to bring that
C) only if it were relevant to any other subjects urgent report I requested
D) I feel as if I had been quite successful C) Unless the missing items were returned
E) could I be allowed to apply for the immediately
scholarship D) If you haven't read that book by the time I
come home
5- You'd better not try to finish that now, ---- . E) Until you learnt a bit of respect for other
people
A) if you thought anyone would appreciate your
efforts 11- You can't be sure of the standard of service
B) even if they had given you adequate warning you will receive ---- .
C) or you will make yourself late for your
appointment A) only if a trained mechanic was in charge
D) in case there is no opportunity to do it later B) whether it cost you more than your local
E) unless you could have been given an garage for the service
extension C) unless you take your Mercedes to an
authorised dealership
6- If he hadn't changed his career all those years D) in case the car breaks down on the
ago, ---- . motorway
E) or, instead, I will repair the car for you
A) he might have had more success with a new myself
profession
B) he continued to do the same thing
C) his original training had been of no use to
him
D) I wonder whether he'd still be in teaching
E) there will be many more opportunities
available to him
116
12- I will agree to you handling the sale of my 18- ---- if the car factory hadn't closed down.
house ---- .
A) I wonder if my father would still be working
A) as long as I can be present at every viewing there
B) unless he had decided not to sell it B) I guess he doesn't want to work on the
C) whether or not it could have been sold for production line any more
the asking price C) My brother had decided to apply for an office
D) if I had wanted to move to another country job
E) even if you weren't interested in buying D) Only if BMW had decided to buy our company
them E) I used to enjoy working together with my
friends
13- Thousands of people could starve to death
in Ethiopia ---- . 19- ----, I will have to wallpaper the whole dining
room again.
A) when the rains failed for the third year in a
row A) Unless I can find a shop that still sells this
B) if food aid doesn't reach them soon pattern
C) even if they hadn't asked for food aid B) As if it had only been decorated yesterday
D) unless the crops fail again C) In case some parts of the wall paper got
E) as long as the economy improves damaged
D) While my husband was tiling the bathroom
14- ---- were she alive today. E) Supposing I didn't like the colour you chose
A) Princess Diana would be proud of the 20- If we provide transportation, ---- ?

children receiving awards in her honour
B) Natalie is suffering from a rare disease A) would you have been given a company car
which has weakened her heart B) did you find travelling by train more
C) Van der Stappen created the 'Sphinx comfortable
Mysterieux' in 1897 C) have you needed a lift to the training centre
D) Even if they had operated on her as soon D) can you attend a training course in Scotland
as she arrived at the hospital E) could you have found your way there yourself
E) Emmeline Panchurst campaigned bravely
for the rights of women to vote 21- Will you keep my spare key for me ---- ?
15- There has been a flood warning in operation A) in case I lock myself out and need to get
---- . back in
B) if I couldn't have opened the door with the
A) when the river burst its banks again one I already had
B) since the heavy snow began to melt C) only when you heard the door slam loudly
C) if we receive any more heavy snow falls D) as I'll be home all day tomorrow waiting for
D) as the snow was finally beginning to settle the plumber
E) after the government's environmental officer E) as long as I stayed away from town during
had inspected the area my holidays
16- We had better start taking the threat of 22- The robber threatens that unless the
global warming seriously ---- . authorities agree to his demands, ----.
A) if we all used environmentally-friendly A) he won't let any of the hostages go

methods of refrigeration B) the hostages have only just been tied up
B) as long as scientists agree on a solution to C) it would have pushed him to drastic action
the problem D) he had thought about committing suicide
C) only if we cooperate with other countries on E) either they or the hostages would say “yes”
the issue of public health
D) because the ozone layer over Europe has 23- Were you to act confidently, smile more often
been reduced by two-thirds and look directly into the ladies' eyes as you
E) as if they were concerned about the findings do so, ---- .
of the research
A) you don't know how to look shy when it is
17- ----, I'm sure you will enjoy yourselves there. needed
B) you might be able to attract a girlfriend
A) Until we went on holiday later the same C) it was harder to relax in front of so many
year people
B) Unless you had taken your family with you D) you have always flirted with girls
C) If you decide to go to Marmaris on holiday E) they would have certainly laughed and turned
D) Just in case the sunshine is really strong away
E) Only if I can get the time off from work
117
24- Although my daughter's hair is styled 29- I will be too embarrassed to look ---- .
fashionably, ---- .
A) as soon as she is told to resign
A) it was my idea to send her to a new B) even if she decides to leave the theatre
hairdresser C) if she realised her lack of talent
B) hers is quite different from mine, which is D) while she is performing on the stage
long and curly E) when she was told that her performance
C) she still regrets having it cut so short was unoriginal
D) only if it is blown-dried with hot air
E) she hoped that it had been given a modern 30- ----, I'll be extremely happy!
haircut
A) In case he has bought me an engagement
25- You'd better not help yourself to another ring
portion of the cake, ---- B) Since he has asked for my hand in marriage
C) Unless his birthday present is not what I
A) in case you got hungry before dinner time was hoping for
B) but you have been given a double helping D) If he proposes to me tonight on my birthday
of chocolate ice-cream E) Until he has decided that I am the woman of
C) if you thought no one was looking his dreams
D) even if you hadn't eaten much at breakfast
E) or you'll find that you haven't lost weight this 31- If you were to stay with us for a few more
week days, ----
26- If my sister hadn't agreed to have infertility A) we'll need to arrange the spare bedroom for
treatment, ---- . you to use it comfortably
B) we would be able to visit all the historical
A) she may need special treatment in order to sights you want to see
get pregnant C) that's actually the longest time we can put
B) I expect her life wouldn't be so fulfilling as it you up for
is now with children D) I was able to take tomorrow off work, but
C) there will be lots of occasions in order to then I have to leave you alone
repeat the treatment E) we had made a list of the places which we
D) her original employment was terminated wanted to take you to
E) she carried on doing the same boring job
32- If it were not for the fact that her father has
27- Without your talent for public speaking, ---- . influential acquaintances, ----
A) a wide-scale advertising campaign plays an A) she has been to many parts of the country
important role with him
B) people couldn't have been persuaded to B) she now has a position which she does not
give so much money towards our cause actually deserve
C) we wouldn't now be about to give up on the C) she would never have got the job in the
idea Ministry of Education
D) first of all, people's awareness about cruelty D) she had already met many of them in
to animals should be raised person when they came to visit her father
E) the media also helped relay our messages E) she had been unable to find employment
about world peace without her father's help
28- ----, I haven't managed to see so much of 33- Can you accompany me to the dentist's
him. when I go to get my teeth pulled ---- ?
A) If John had more time to go out A) which had been bothering me all through
B) Had Thomas not decided to accept this the previous week
promotion B) as long as I stayed conscious all through
C) Unless Peter decides to go on holiday the operation
D) Provided that his manager has granted Ted C) unless he decided to do the fillings as well
a leave of absence D) even if you had arranged to meet your
E) Since David has been working overtime fiance after work
E) in case I am unable to drive the car
afterwards
118
34- ---- unless she first does what is necessary to 39- ----, I will be moving there next month and
put her own life in order? Steven will be taking over my position here
in Houston.
A) Didn't I tell you that she would get into a lot
more trouble A) Even if Steven were considered more
B) Are you sure she complained about me suitable for the position here in New York
avoiding her B) Had Steven not decided to accept the
C) Why should I bother to help her solve her promotion I offered him
problems C) Since I have been promoted to oversee
D) Whenever I see her socializing with those operations in the New York office
strange girls D) If I had more time off so that I could travel to
E) Did she tell you that she really needed our New York more frequently
assistance E) Provided that the New York office decides
to transfer Steven instead of me
35- I'm certain that Özge would change her mind
about resigning ---- . 40- ----, he would be very upset because it's his
favourite band and he's never seen them
A) when she had realized that it was not easy to live.
find a job that was just as good
B) every time she makes a mistake and the A) By the time my son got there around 10 in
boss criticizes her harshly the morning to buy a ticket for the concert
C) so the company hadn't taken her previous B) Unless I can think of a better birthday
successes into account present for my son
D) if the management were to offer her a higher C) Since my son has been wanting to buy that
salary album since it came out
E) as though she hadn't proved useful for the D) If I were to be unable to find a ticket for my
company in the past son to that concert
E) In case my son wants to go with his friends
36- ---- when it became certain that his team, instead of me
Liverpool, was going to be beaten.
41- Do not look up the answers in the answer
A) Disappointed, Pete stood up and switched key ---- .
the TV off
B) Jeff wouldn't have lost his confidence about A) unless you made sure that you had enough
them winning time for all of them
C) Michael admits that he should not lose his B) provided that you weren't sitting so close to
temper each other
D) Martin got into the car and joined the crowd C) even if there were a few questions on the
to celebrate his team's victory test that we hadn't studied
E) Hugh might be watching the match at a pub D) until you have finished answering all of the
with his friends questions
E) whereas you have made so many mistakes
37- After getting caught last week, you'd better in Section A
not sneak out of the house again, ---- .
42- ---- if you explained the reason for your
A) even if you haven't been caught recently behaviour during yesterday's meeting to the
B) or your parents will never be able to trust you manager yourself.
C) so it hasn't proved difficult to regain their
confidence A) I'm sure the board will take your-proposal
D) only if you believe you can manage it this into consideration
time B) You still owe an apology to those who were
E) provided that you start behaving as they wish at the meeting
C) Perhaps he would change his opinion of
38- If you hadn't agreed to take care of our dog you
for us last week, ---- . D) I'm afraid it won't make the boss alter his
ideas
A) he was actually accustomed to staying at E) It seemed probable that he would have
home by himself been influenced
B) it was just when he needed to go to the vet to
get his shots
C) I admit that it wasn't easy to deal with him all
week
D) we are glad that we have you to rely on in
urgent situations
E) we might have had to cancel our holiday
119
43- The teacher warned him that unless he 48- ----, they wouldn't need to rise to the surface
finished writing his poem during class time, of the water to breathe.
---- .
A) Only if the divers' aqua lungs stop working
A) she won't let him go out during his lunch B) Even if whales are really mammals and not
break fish
B) the class had only just begun and he still C) If dolphins could take oxygen directly from
had a lot of time water
C) she had thought about cancelling the D) Unless frogs breathe oxygen
assignment E) Whether modern submarines can stay
D) she would make him finish it and write an underwater for months
extra one for homework
E) that was fifty minutes, but could be sixty 49- The United Nations will not act in the
with the break time added interests of weaker nations ---- .
44- ----, we would never have won this major A) so long as real power is located in the
contract with such a prestigious company. Security Council
B) as though most of the world's conflicts were
A) Were you to come in late for work again insignificant
B) In case we persuade the president of the C) if only they had greater military or economic
firm strength
C) Unless we can come up with some new D) it's about time that it started caring for more
ideas of the world's people
D) Without your ideas for the new ad campaign E) unless it was an organization founded to
E) As long as you continue to work as hard as prevent war
this
50- Had the Byzantine emperor Michael III not
45- In late 1960s, when the family's only son raised Basil the Macedonian from poverty to
renounced his succession rights, saying that become his co-emperor, ---- .
he did not wish to take over the family
business, ---- . A) Basil was the founder of the great
Macedonian Dynasty
A) the German Krupp economic dynasty, B) he wouldn't have later been murdered by
which had ruled for almost four centuries, him
came to an end C) he married him to his mistress Eudoxia
B) the world's largest manufacturers of Ingerina
armaments and ammunition, located in the D) Basil would have remained extremely
German city of Essen wealthy
C) he had been named Arndt, after the family's E) he wouldn't have come from a peasant
founder family
D) today it is considered that, in many ways,
Alfred Krupp was the founder of modern 51- ----, Veronica won't be able to finish her
warfare essay on Mehmed Siyah Kalem.
E) by the time of his death on July 14, 1887,
Alfred Krupp had armed 46 nations A) So long as it is ready on time
B) Provided that she starts now
46- ----, we might still be using large quantities C) Whether she has got an extension
of salt to preserve food. D) Without access to a computer
E) If she only studied harder
A) Even if it has become cheap to buy
B) If refrigeration hadn't been invented 52- ---- if there are no decent films on at the
C) If we want to eat the same products all year cinema.
round
D) If it has affected the taste A) Müge doesn't go out on Friday nights
E) In case it really is bad for our health B) I didn't bother checking the newspaper
C) I wouldn't waste my money on a VCD
47- Because of the cold weather outside, D) The weekend would have been boring
Friedrich wished that he ----. E) Derya can't play in the basketball game
A) hasn't left the windows at home open

B) could become seriously ill
C) didn't wear his swimming trunks
D) isn't working as a street cleaner
E) hadn't forgotten to bring a sweater
120
53- If Malta hadn't been colonized by the Arabs 58- ----, it wouldn't have broken apart in the air.
for 220 years, ---- .
A) Supposing that Helios Airways Flight 522
A) the hot sirocco wind from the Sahara crashes into a mountain
wouldn't have affected it B) If only China Airlines Flight 611 had been
B) it won't hold the presidency of the European properly maintained
Union until 2017 C) Unless the Lockheed Electra OB-R-941 flies
C) the Maltese wouldn't be speaking a Semitic over the Amazon Rainforest
language today D) After a bomb was put on Air India Flight 182
D) a mosque won't be built on the Corradino E) If Saudi Airways Flight 763 and Kazakh
Heights Airways Flight 1907 hadn't collided with
E) it is located just off the coast of Tunisia each other
54- ----, where in the world would you want to 59- ----, the boss will definitely fire you.
visit?
A) If you are late for work again this week
A) Whether you have heard of the place or not B) If she wasn't so tolerant of mistakes
B) It's about time that we took a trip abroad C) It's high time you started working harder
C) Supposing that you had enough money D) Unless she is furious with you today
D) What if the summer vacation is four weeks E) If you had failed to finish the project
long
E) Unless you enjoy reading travel magazines 60- If the legendary Byzas hadn't followed the
advice of the oracle at Delphi, ---- .
55- Mr. Fripp has just been talking to me ---- .
A) he won't have gone sailing up the
A) even if I know more about space than he Bosphorus
does B) he wouldn't have been from Megara in
B) so long as I don't tell anyone central Greece
C) whether I was listening or not C) Byzantium was later renamed
D) unless he has something more important to Constantinople
do D) he wouldn't have founded the city of
E) as if I were a four-year-old child Byzantium
E) he wouldn't look for a place to settle
56- Our guests need not leave valuable items in opposite Chalcedon
their rooms while they are out ---- .
A) in case they got stolen

B) even if they're worth a fortune
C) as there is a safe at the reception desk
D) if their stay had been a short one
E) if it hadn't been for the robbers
57- ----, British people would have more difficulty

learning Spanish.
A) If English didn't have so many Latin-based

words in it
B) So long as they have problems with the
pronunciation
C) Even if they have taken a holiday in Spain
or Latin America
D) If the Spanish had succeeded in conquering
England in 1588
E) Unless they have been forced to learn it at
school
121
NOUN CLAUSES
1- When I approached my friend about the 7- I have been worrying that the intermediate
money he owed me, he said that he ----, but course ---- too time-consuming for me this
he ---- able to get to the bank. coming term as I am working now, but I ----
to enrol anyway.
A) had been paying/won't be
B) is paying/wasn't A) will have been/decide
C) would have paid/isn't B) is/could have decided
D) was paying/hasn't been C) will be/have decided
E) had been paid/hadn't been D) was/will decide
E) had been/decided
2- Although she didn't say so directly, the
winner implied that some of the other 8- Upon arriving at the hospital that morning,
athletes in the race ---- drugs before the the doctor ---- by the medical receptionist
event to aid their performance. that three patients ---- a home visit already.
A) will have taken A) was informing/were requesting

B) are taking B) had informed/would be requesting
C) take C) has been informed/requested
D) had been taking D) would inform/have requested
E) have taken E) was informed/had requested
3- Are you sure that the operations’ manager 9- Due to our last gas bill being too high, my
was aware of the changes when you ---- wife is always insisting that we ---- warmer
them, but ---- to admit this? clothes in the house, which ---- us to turn the
heating down a bit.
A) will be mentioning/won't want
B) had mentioned/won't have wanted A) have worn/must enable
C) are mentioning/hasn't wanted B) used to wear/would have enabled
D) have mentioned/doesn't want C) had been wearing/was enabling
E) mentioned/didn't want D) must wear/should enable
E) will be wearing/had enabled
4- We asked at the station whether we ---- a
train to the coast that evening, but the 10- I asked my brother whether he ---- anywhere
assistant told us that, unfortunately, we ---- over the next summer holiday, but he said
the last train. that, unfortunately, he had books to read for
his literature course and ---- time.
A) could catch/had missed
B) can catch/are missing A) has been working/doesn't have
C) might have caught/would miss B) was working/wouldn't have
D) must have caught/missed C) will have worked/hadn't had
E) should catch/were missing D) had worked/didn't have
E) will be working/hasn't had
5- Mr Randall told his wife that she ---- to darn
his old socks as he ---- a new pair. 11- During my first season, I attributed my
success as a holiday representative to my
A) hasn't needed/buys listening and communication skills and
B) didn't need/had bought realised that I ---- a career for myself if I ----
C) doesn't need/has been buying some proper training.
D) won't need/was buying
E) wouldn't need/bought A) must make/was undergoing
B) have made/will be undergoing
6- I was very happy to hear that the old school C) could make/underwent
---- and that it ---- into luxury homes. D) had been making/would undergo
E) made/am undergoing
A) wouldn't be demolished/would be converted
B) wasn't demolishing/will be converting 12- The police posted a 24-hour watch on the
C) doesn't demolish/has been converted film star's house and instructed him ---- the
D) isn't demolishing/had been converting door to anyone.
E) hadn't been demolished/converted
A) not to open
B) don't open
C) didn't open
D) wouldn't open
E) not opening
122
13- The administrator has assured us that he ---- 19- We asked at the lost property counter
all our customer information onto the whether a pink and blue bag ---- but the
computer database by the end of next week. assistant told us that no one ---- in anything
fitting our description.
A) had been entering
B) will have entered A) was found/has been handed
C) has entered B) is being found/would have handed
D) entered C) will have found/is going to hand
E) would have entered D) had been found/had handed
E) might have found/will be handing
14- Mrs Fletcher, the customer is asking whether
she ---- any extra on the price of the dress 20- Mr Haughin phoned his wife to say that she
for the alterations when she ---- it next week. ---- to cook anything for dinner that day as
they ---- to his colleague's.
A) would have paid/will collect
B) will have to pay/collects A) doesn't need/have been invited
C) has to pay/collected B) didn't need/had been invited
D) could have paid/has collected C) won't need/are invited
E) was paying/had collected D) hasn't needed/were being invited
E) wouldn't need/will be invited
15- While in prison in India, he ---- that he ----
part of a terrorist gang, but now he says he 21- I was glad to hear that the factory ---- down
is innocent. after all as a new owner ---- .
A) had confessed/was A) won't have closed/had been finding

B) was confessing/will be B) shouldn't have closed/has found
C) has confessed/had been C) doesn't close/has been found
D) would confess/is D) wasn't closing/is found
E) confesses/has been E) wouldn't be closing/had been found
16- When I went to collect my jacket from the 22- We feared that the roads ---- too busy on a
dry-cleaner's, the assistant said that he ---- it national holiday, so we ---- not to go
but ---- able to remove the stain. anywhere but stay at home.
A) was cleaning/won't have been A) will have been/decide

B) had cleaned/hadn't been B) are/could have decided
C) would have cleaned/hasn't been C) would be/decided
D) is cleaning/wasn't D) were/will decide
E) had been cleaning/isn't E) had been/have decided
17- The boy confessed that he had stolen the 23- The sales manager ---- the director that some
bread, but pleaded that his sister and he ---- customers ---- models on special offer in the
at the time. sale already.
A) will have starved A) is informing/buy

B) are starving B) is informed/bought
C) had been starving C) informed/had bought
D) have starved D) had informed/will be buying
E) will starve E) was informed/are buying
18- Are you sure she was in when you ---- her 24- Because our last telephone bill was
but ---- the phone? extremely high, my husband is always
reminding me that I ---- until after six before I
A) will be phoning/won't answer ---- my friends.
B) had phoned/isn't answering
C) are phoning/hasn't answered A) have waited/called
D) phoned/didn't answer B) must wait/call
E) have phoned/doesn't answer C) waited/could call
D) might wait/was calling
E) wait/should call
123
25- I asked Nigel whether they were going 31- A traditional love of dishes made with
somewhere for Bayram, but he said, minced meat, such as köfte in Turkey,
unfortunately, his wife ---- in the accident explains ---- McDonald's restaurants are
and emergency department that week. overwhelmingly popular here.
A) has worked A) that

B) is working B) why
C) would be working C) where
D) has been working D) what
E) will have worked E) whether
26- During our training last Friday, I realised that 32- ---- Sheffield United football team will be
I ---- a lot if I ---- carefully because the promoted depends on the last match of the
lecturer really seemed to know his subject. season.
A) must learn/was listening A) That

B) have learnt/will be listening B) Who
C) could learn/listened C) Whether
D) had been learning/would listen D) Where
E) learnt/were listening E) Which
27- My mother handed me a considerable 33- By asking him a few questions about the
amount of money and instructed me ---- Mrs topic, I tried to understand ---- advanced my
Jackson buy anything for me while I was son was with compiling information for his
staying with her. term paper.
A) don't let A) whether

B) not to let B) how far
C) didn't let C) which
D) not letting D) that
E) wouldn't let E) whose
28- The painter has assured us that he ---- the 34- Do not just condemn the management; tell
decorating by the weekend as he promised. us ---- you would get rid of this problem were
you in their place.
A) will have completed
B) had been completing A) who
C) has completed B) which
D) completed C) what
E) would have completed D) how
E) where
29- Mr Partridge, the customer is asking whether
he ---- the suit back if it ---- his son. 35- I'm sorry Sir, but I don't know ---- floor the
maternity ward is on.
A) would bring/won't fit
B) was bringing/hadn't fitted A) that
C) is bringing/didn't fit B) how
D) could have brought/hasn't fitted C) when
E) can bring/doesn't fit D) where
E) which
30- The manager complained that the cleaners
---- at the time and wondered who ---- them 36- My brother is really scared of large dogs and
permission to leave early. panics ---- he sees one.
A) wouldn't be working/will give A) however

B) wouldn't work/will be given B) whenever
C) aren't working/are giving C) whichever
D) hadn't been working/had given D) whatever
E) weren't working/have given E) whomever
124
37- Can you please tell me to ---- I should apply 44- Are you implying ---- the area is unsafe?
in order to get this document signed?
A) when
A) whom B) where
B) what C) what
C) when D) that
D) why E) whether
E) how
45- ---- he had been dieting too strictly
38- I really don't remember ---- youths there were contributed to his collapse.
in the boat, but it was crowded.
A) However
A) whichever B) What
B) what C) Who
C) how many D) Where
D) who E) The fact that
E) where
46- There are some spare climbing ropes for ----
39- I've looked through the menu, but I can't needs them.
decide ---- to order.
A) wherever
A) whom B) whenever
B) where C) whoever
C) when D) whatever
D) what E) however
E) how
47- May I ask ---- climbing ropes these are?
40- I'm not sure ---- this material will retain its
colour, so I'd recommend you to hand-wash A) who
it first. B) whom
C) whose
A) which D) how
B) when E) why
C) whether
D) whose 48- ---- dreams signify has puzzled mankind for
E) why thousands of years.
41- No one has heard anything about him ---- he A) Which

was dismissed from the Navy. B) Whether
C) Whose
A) when D) What
B) since E) Since
C) why
D) where 49- It doesn't necessarily mean that you have
E) how the ability to teach others ---- to ski just
because you are an excellent skier yourself.
42- I can't recollect ---- day she started working
here. A) how
B) what
A) which C) which
B) where D) whether
C) when E) when
D) that
E) whether 50- I bought plenty of material for the dress and
jacket I'm making because I'm not certain
43- ---- you were driving thirty miles per hour exactly ---- I will need.
above the speed limit at the time of the
accident will count against you. A) how many
B) how much
A) The fact that C) how far
B) Whether D) how long
C) Whom E) how often
D) Whenever
E) Which
125
51- Advertising ---- with the signs that 57- I couldn't believe ---- it took them to process
merchants once put over their doors to my application.
inform the public, with symbols or pictures,
exactly what ---- for sale inside. A) how much
B) how many
A) originates/has been C) where
B) has originated/had been D) how long
C) will originate/were E) when
D) originated/was
E) might originate/have been 58- I can't remember ---- stitches I have cast on
my knitting needles. I'll have to count them
52- It is generally acknowledged ---- smoking again.
can cause cancer.
A) how much
A) what B) how long
B) that C) how often
C) which D) how far
D) when E) how many
E) whether
59- Can you tell me ---- is responsible for
53- According to the fire chief, it still isn't clear ordering stationery? We need some more
where the fire ----, but he believes that it ---- envelopes in our department.
in the storeroom.
A) whose
A) could start/has to start B) when
B) starts/has started C) who
C) started/might have started D) where
D) was starting/ought to start E) that
E) has started/will be starting
60- I might be able to tell you ---- road to take if I
54- Following his arrest for drink driving, he ---- knew ---- on the map we are now.
from driving for twelve months.
A) where/when
A) has disqualified B) which/where
B) has been disqualified C) what/how
C) will be disqualifying D) how far/which
D) disqualified E) whose/when
E) will have disqualified
61- ---- we drive over the Thames River in
55- Today agricultural machines of great size London, my father points out that my
and complexity, some even computerized, grandfather helped design the bridge.
---- in hours what ---- people and animals
days to complete previously. A) However
B) Wherever
A) accomplish/used to take C) Whenever
B) have accomplished/takes D) Whichever
C) will be accomplished/took E) Whatever
D) are accomplishing/should take
E) had accomplished/was taking 62- Many psychological problems experienced
during the Vietnam War by American
56- I'm worried whether the secretary ---- with soldiers were caused by the fact that many
the extra work load. Perhaps we should young men were not sure exactly ---- they
employ an office junior to help her. were fighting for.
A) will be able to cope A) why

B) would have coped B) what
C) had to be coping C) where
D) had been coping D) how
E) could have coped E) when
126
63- Jeremy was trying to assure me that Sarah 69- I asked Jim whether he ---- his wife to the
---- my ticket by 5 o'clock that day, as we ---- firm's annual party as well, and he said she
previously. ---- her sister's wedding ceremony then.
A) has collected/will have arranged A) had brought/has been attending

B) will have collected/have arranged B) has brought/will have attended
C) had collected/have been arranging C) brought/is attending
D) would be collected/was arranging D) was bringing/would be attending
E) would have collected/had arranged E) is bringing/has attended
64- That lady over there is asking whether the 70- Because I am repeatedly leaving things
tennis club ---- lessons because she ---- to behind, my mother always tells me that I ----
hire a private instructer for her daughter. that I ---- all my belongings in my bag before
leaving the sports centre.
A) has offered/wanted
B) is offering/had wanted A) have to check/had had
C) offered/has wanted B) checked/had
D) offers/wants C) check/should have
E) was offering/might want D) might check/was having
E) must check/have
65- Jack's mother asked me why I ---- in the
previous week's match and wondered 71- The art teacher ---- the headmaster that they
whether I ---- an injury then. ---- some good entries in the children's
painting competition already.
A) haven't played/have been having
B) hadn't been playing/had had A) informed/had received
C) didn't play/was having B) is informing/will receive
D) couldn't have played/am having C) informs/receive
E) wasn't playing/have D) had informed/will be receiving
E) was informing/are receiving
66- Before we ---- home, our father instructed us
again and again not to lose sight of each 72- I'm glad to tell you that we ---- our yearly
other while we ---- around the fun fair. target today, so new sales from now on ----
additional to the budget of our branch.
A) had left/would be strolling
B) leave/will have strolled A) were reaching/were
C) left/were strolling B) had reached/are
D) were leaving/had strolled C) have reached/will be
E) have left/are strolling D) are reaching/have been
E) will have reached/had been
67- On the first day of the course, the trainees
---- by the manager that they ---- to learn 73- Mr Higgins phoned his wife to say that she
everything in a few days. ---- for him to eat dinner because he ----
home rather late.
A) were informed/shouldn't expect
B) had informed/didn't expect A) won't have to wait/had been
C) have been informed/hadn't been expecting B) shouldn't have waited/has been
D) are informed/can't be expected C) didn't need to wait/was going to be
E) will have informed/mustn't be expected D) hadn't been waiting/would be
E) didn't use to wait/was
68- We all wondered how Jack's wife ---- when
she ---- about his new job in Outer-Mongolia. 74- We asked the receptionist if they ---- any
rooms available, and she replied that she ----
A) reacts/has heard the last free room to another couple just ten
B) had reacted/would hear minutes before.
C) has been reacting/hears
D) would react/heard A) were having/let
E) is reacting/will hear B) had had/was letting
C) have/has been letting
D) had/had let
E) would have/have let
127
75- What will you say if the interviewer ---- you 82- We didn't notice ---- we had strayed off the
why you ---- your present job? path until we were deep in the forest.
A) asks/are leaving A) how far

B) asked/were leaving B) so far
C) has asked/left C) how long
D) will ask/have left D) so long
E) would ask/had left E) how often
76- Mrs Smith complained to her husband that 83- It is going to be a long journey ---- we travel,
the bathroom ---- in a terrible state because because we can only take the plane as far as
the bathtube ---- for days. the nearest airport, which is more than 200
miles away from the area, and then we'll
A) has been/is leaking have to take the coach.
B) will be/will be leaking
C) was/had been leaking A) how far
D) had been/would be leaking B) whichever
E) would be/was leaking C) how long
D) how much
77- When I went to collect the car from the E) however
garage, the mechanic said that he ---- the
engine the day before, but he ---- the brakes 84- Why don't you ask Auntie Doris? I'm sure
yet. she'll know ---- to make an apple pie.
A) fixed/wouldn't have checked A) what

B) had fixed/hadn't checked B) how
C) was fixing/wasn't checking C) why
D) has fixed/won't have checked D) which
E) would be fixing/isn't checking E) whom
78- The swimming-pool near our house opens in 85- I don't know ---- money to take on holiday
June, so after that, we can go swimming ---- with me because this is my first holiday
we like. abroad.
A) wherever A) how many

B) whenever B) whatever
C) whichever C) however
D) however D) how much
E) whoever E) whether
79- Look at that ugly building! ---- designed it 86- ---- you are going on holiday is probably the
has no taste at all. best place to go in Turkey at this time of
year.
A) Wherever
B) Whenever A) Where
C) Whoever B) Which
D) Whatever C) When
E) However D) Why
E) What
80- Good luck for the future! I wish you
happiness in ---- you decide to do. 87- It's not clear ---- he is going to leave his
house to in his will.
A) however
B) whoever A) whose
C) whenever B) which
D) wherever C) whom
E) whatever D) that
E) what
81- I'm sure you will do well, ---- university you
decide to go to.
A) whenever
B) whichever
C) whoever
D) however
E) wherever
128
88- ---- she wrote in reply to my question about 95- I can't imagine ---- they are going to cope
her charity work was the most touching with three children now that he has lost his
account I have ever read. job.
A) Why A) what
B) Where B) why
C) What C) when
D) When D) how
E) How E) which
89- He hasn't explained to us yet ---- he sacked 96- ---- she lost a leg didn't stop her from
the secretary. wanting to be a champion swimmer, and
now she has won a gold medal for South
A) how long Africa at the Disabled Commonwealth
B) why Games.
C) what
D) how often A) How
E) whom B) The fact that
C) What
90- I was surprised to find out ---- football team D) Whether or not
your brother supports. Why does he support E) When
Manchester United when he lives in London?
97- I'm not sure ---- sport is best for improving
A) which overall fitness. Why don't you ask the
B) how instructor at the gym?
C) when
D) who A) how
E) where B) who
C) which
91- His poor performance in examinations might D) when
have something to do with ---- he misses E) if
class.
98- Thousands of people have lost their jobs ----
A) how long the economic crisis began.
B) how many
C) that A) how
D) how often B) since
E) whenever C) when
D) why
92- The form requires you to state ---- you got E) until
divorced.
99- I don't know ---- we will be able to get a
A) how long babysitter. Can I let you know about Friday's
B) what party tomorrow?
C) when
D) which A) whether
E) whom B) when
C) whom
93- Perhaps the driver's manual says ---- air D) who
pressure you should have in each tyre. E) which
A) how long 100- ---- the children can do there while we are
B) which attending the conference in Eskişehir is
C) whether something we should think about before we
D) how often leave.
E) how much
A) Which
94- ---- he only attended about sixty percent of B) Where
the course contributed to his poor C) When
examination results. D) What
E) How
A) The fact that
B) Why
C) How much
D) Whether
E) When
129
101- I can't remember ---- the miners were trapped 107- It is hard to imagine ---- anyone would want
down the mine shaft, but it was a to take harmful illegal drugs.
considerable length of time.
A) which
A) how often B) what
B) how far C) whom
C) how many D) whether
D) how much E) why
E) how long
108- The manager of the youth offending team
102- I'm not sure ---- Peppers Restaurant accepts has explained ---- the members of his team
credit cards, so we'd better have some cash try to rehabilitate youngsters who are
with us. involved in crime.
A) whom A) however
B) where B) how far
C) whether C) how
D) which D) what
E) when E) whom
103- Excuse me. Can you tell me ---- I can ask to 109- I would like to know ---- breakfast is included
sign my passport application? in the price or not.
A) whom A) which
B) what B) how
C) how C) where
D) when D) when
E) why E) if
104- Some people can't understand ---- the union 110- It is obvious ---- Mrs Pearce cares for her
has to complain about as they believe the family. She not only paid all the expenses for
pay offer from the management is more than her children to attend university, but she
satisfactory. paid for them to have extra private tuition as
well.
A) who
B) why A) how long
C) where B) whomever
D) what C) however
E) which D) how much
E) how often
105- My uncle is mad about fishing and goes to
the river ---- he has any spare time. 111- Everyone could tell ---- proud Steve was of
his wife when she won the award.
A) whoever
B) however A) whom
C) whenever B) when
D) whichever C) which
E) whatever D) what
E) how
106- Didn't they tell you ---- entrance to use? Your
tickets are for section M, which is on the 112- ---- we join them on their trip to Kenya
other side of the stadium. depends on how much it will cost us in total.
A) which A) Even if
B) where B) The fact that
C) whom C) Which
D) when D) Whether
E) how E) Whatever
130
113- Most of us know ---- the Finance Manager is 120- I can't tell you exactly ---- it will take me to
totally incompetent, but for some reason, type this report, but it can't be less than half
nobody challenges him at work. an hour.
A) whom A) what else

B) that B) what time
C) what C) however
D) when D) when
E) where E) how long
114- The low rate of interest in the UK at the 121- It's not right to talk about your personal
moment explains ---- there is a shortage of problems with ---- you meet in the office.
houses for sale.
A) wherever
A) why B) whatever
B) where C) whenever
C) how long D) whomever
D) what E) however
E) when
122- We haven't been told yet ---- our next pay
115- I think Sarah's brother lives around ---- they rise will be.
have built the new leisure centre.
A) where
A) where B) whenever
B) who C) whose
C) that D) whom
D) when E) how much
E) how
123- A dog can be fed either the dry meal or
116- In law, it is no defense for a person to say he canned type of dog food, but ---- type is
was unaware that ---- he did was against the selected must contain the nutrients essential
law. for the animal's well-being.
A) when A) whichever
B) where B) however
C) which C) wherever
D) that D) whatever
E) what E) whenever
117- I have observed ---- I have much more 124- The Americans have the best intelligence
energy when I eat plenty of fruit and and surveillance systems in the world, but
vegetables. they still haven't been able to locate exactly
---- Bin Laden is.
A) when
B) where A) when
C) that B) where
D) what C) why
E) whose D) who
E) what
118- Ireland's colourful customs have spread ----
the Irish have settled throughout the world. 125- It turned out ---- his girlfriend had stabbed
him to death and not another driver in a fit of
A) however road rage.
B) whenever
C) whoever A) whom
D) wherever B) what
E) whichever C) that
D) when
119- The local people believe that the manor E) why
brought bad luck to ---- possessed it.
A) wherever
B) whoever
C) however
D) whatever
E) whomever
131
126- Joining a sports team at university will allow 132- I would like to know ---- signature this is
you to meet new friends and forget about because they have signed for a delivery of
your studies one afternoon a week ---- sport six cases of coca cola and I can only find
you choose. five cases.
A) wherever A) who
B) however B) whose
C) whoever C) what
D) whichever D) how
E) whenever E) which
127- The availability of funding for post-graduate 133- I could count on one hand ---- times Levent
study in the UK largely depends on ---- has been on time for class.
businesses consider the subject worth
sponsoring or not. A) how long
B) how far
A) what C) how much
B) whether D) how often
C) if E) how many
D) how
E) when 134- The removal men could hardly believe ----
furniture Simon had, especially as he was
128- That's ---- I want you to swim at the Olympic living in a one-bedroom flat.
Games. Do you think you can achieve the
same performance under pressure? A) how few
B) how often
A) what C) however
B) which D) how far
C) since E) how much
D) how
E) when 135- The poor performance by the Jamaican relay
team, who were favourites to win the race,
129- After his magic presentation to his school demonstrated ---- teamwork sometimes
friends, Thomas revealed ---- he had counts more than individual talent.
'magically' joined the two pieces of rope.
A) which
A) what B) who
B) which C) what
C) how D) that
D) why E) where
E) if
136- I wonder whether I ---- the house that I ----
130- My daughter insists that we feed the ducks after work today.
with bread ---- we go to the park.
A) like/will view
A) whichever B) have liked/viewed
B) however C) liked/had viewed
C) whoever D) will like/am going to view
D) wherever E) should like/had been viewing
E) whenever
137- The new computer software packages for
131- I will be able to tell you ---- airline are market research can calculate statistics from
offering flights to Turin, Italy, for £35 ---- I raw data in a matter of hours, so one
next drive past the advertising board on my researcher ---- in a day what ---- a team of
way to work. analysts weeks to calculate.
A) when/that A) had achieved/is going to take

B) what/where B) could achieve/was taken
C) which/when C) can achieve/used to take
D) how/what D) achieved/will have taken
E) where/whether E) achieves/has been taken
132
138- Your performance in the classroom during 144- ---- we rent this shop again next year
teaching practice ---- whether you pass your depends on the amount of profit we make.
certificate exam or not.
A) When
A) had determined B) Who
B) had been determining C) Whom
C) was determining D) Whether
D) will determine E) Which
E) has been determined
145- We are not sure yet ---- we want to spend on
139- Jamie's mother wanted to know who ---- the flowers at our wedding.
chocolate milkshake all over the carpet.
A) how
A) was spilt B) how often
B) is spilling C) how long
C) will spill D) how much
D) was spilling E) how far
E) had spilt
146- It wasn't until he refused to help his mother
140- For the past few hours, the technical director organise his aunt's funeral that I realised ----
of the football club ---- videos of their next selfish Mike is.
rivals to ascertain what the weaknesses of
the team ----. A) how
B) what
A) is watching/have been C) why
B) will be watching/were D) which
C) has been watching/are E) when
D) will have watched/will be
E) was watching/had been 147- Will you ask the salesman to explain ---- they
ordered their next year's supply from our
141- I think Jeremy's aunt lives ---- they went for competitors?
their honeymoon.
A) who
A) what B) whom
B) who C) where
C) when D) what
D) that E) why
E) where
148- I would like to know ---- the trains will be
142- The high value of the pound at the moment running normally during the public holiday.
explains ---- manufacturers and exporters
are suffering. A) whom
B) who
A) when C) whether
B) where D) what
C) why E) which
D) who
E) how long 149- The main question on the exam asked us to
explain ---- glaciers were formed.
143- I'm sure I'm not the first to notice ---- your
daughter is a very talented artist, especially A) how
for her age. B) how much
C) how far
A) who D) how long
B) that E) however
C) what
D) when 150- I'm sorry, I don't know ---- department Mrs
E) where Green works in.
A) where
B) when
C) who
D) which
E) how
133
151- My sister-in-law collects Victorian cheese 158- Thousands of cattle have starved to death
dishes and buys one ---- she sees one for ---- the drought in Ethiopia started.
sale in an antique shop.
A) how
A) whatever B) since
B) whenever C) when
C) whichever D) which
D) however E) why
E) whoever
159- I don't know ---- month you should plant tulip
152- I can't see ---- the purpose of the new bulbs. Why don't you ask a florist?
shopping centre is. There are more than
enough in town already! A) which
B) when
A) who C) why
B) what D) whose
C) why E) how
D) which
E) where 160- ---- Ethiopia is at war with Eritrea has meant
that many Western nations are reluctant to
153- Do you have any idea about ---- I should send food aid to avert widespread famine.
send my letter of resignation to?
A) How
A) what B) When
B) why C) What
C) how D) The fact that
D) whom E) Whether or not
E) when
161- For the last few weeks, medical teams ----
154- I'm not sure ---- the branch manager is the day and night in an effort to find out exactly
right person to send it to. what ---- this terrible illness, but they've had
little success so far.
A) when
B) whom A) are working/will cause
C) where B) have worked/will have caused
D) which C) have been working/is causing
E) whether D) will have worked/will be caused
E) were working/had been caused
155- I can't remember ---- people were killed in the
explosion, but it was quite a few. 162- The police were investigating who ---- the
gate to the factory open the night before the
A) how much robbery.
B) how far
C) how long A) is leaving
D) how often B) has left
E) how many C) had left
D) was left
156- We can't decide ---- to do at the weekend. E) will be left
Have you got any interesting suggestions?
163- How you look after yourself following your
A) where operation ---- whether you recover
B) how completely or not.
C) what
D) which A) was determining
E) when B) had determined
C) is determined
157- I'm not sure ---- this sweater will fit my D) has been determined
daughter. Can I exchange it for a larger size E) will determine
if it is too small?
A) whether
B) how
C) when
D) who
E) whom
134
164- Today with 'mail merge' computer software, 170- I might be able to tell you ---- channel the
the same letter can be addressed to 100 film is on if I can remember ---- I put the
different people at the touch of a button, so a newspaper.
secretary today ---- in hours what it ---- days
to do 50 years ago. A) which/where
B) where/when
A) should have accomplished/may take C) what/how
B) could accomplish/takes D) whom/which
C) accomplished/will have taken E) whose/that
D) can accomplish/used to take
E) accomplishes/has been taking 171- Yes, that is ---- I want you to behave in public.
165- I'm not sure whether I ---- able to speak A) what

German confidently when I ---- there next B) since
month as I haven't practised for so long. C) which
D) how
A) am/will go E) why
B) have been/went
C) will be/go 172- Enjoyment of the film ‘Erin Brockovich’
D) was/had gone rather depends on ---- you like Julia Roberts
E) should be/am going or not.
166- It has been confirmed recently ---- using A) what

mobile phones can cause brain damage. B) whether
C) if
A) if D) how
B) that E) when
C) what
D) when 173- Donating some of your wages to a charity
E) where will not only help unfortunate people, but it
will also give you a sense of pleasure, ----
167- I couldn't believe ---- hot chill powder charity you support.
Margaret had used in her curry. I could
hardly eat it. A) whoever
B) whenever
A) how much C) whichever
B) how long D) however
C) how far E) wherever
D) how often
E) how few 174- I guessed from the shape of the package ----
my birthday present was a cassette.
168- I've lost count of ---- times the children have
watched their 'Toy Story' video. A) what
B) when
A) whether C) whom
B) whatever D) that
C) how many E) how
D) whenever
E) how much 175- Helen will be working as a representative for
Thomson's Holidays in Turkey, but she
169- I would like to know ---- bag this is because doesn't know exactly ---- she will be posted.
it's occupying my seat.
A) what
A) how B) why
B) whom C) who
C) where D) where
D) which E) how
E) whose
176- It's important to find out --- she is actually
allergic to.
A) how
B) when
C) where
D) why
E) what
135
177- ---- he is the son of a wealthy senator helped 183- I'm not sure ---- we will go to the wedding,
him get into the prestigious university, but we should still buy them a gift and send
because his grades weren't good enough for it to them.
him to qualify on his own.
A) whether
A) The fact that B) whom
B) Whether or not C) when
C) How D) where
D) What E) which
E) When
184- Could you tell me ---- I should speak to
178- I'm not sure ---- starter is the best at this regarding the open position advertised in
restaurant. Why don't you ask the waiter for yesterday's newspaper?
his opinion?
A) how
A) who B) what
B) when C) when
C) which D) why
D) how E) whom
E) whether
185- I don't understand ---- Mary was complaining
179- Many different species of plant and animal about since I thought that both the food and
have become extinct ---- mankind has been the service were excellent at that restaurant.
polluting the environment and destroying
natural habitats in search of so-called A) where
"development". B) how
C) what
A) how D) which
B) when E) who
C) why
D) until 186- I love to travel and experience different
E) since cultures, so I make a plan to visit a new
place ---- I have time off from work.
180- I don't know ---- I will be working or not on
Saturday. Can I let you know on Friday night, A) however
or will that be too late? B) whenever
C) whoever
A) where D) whichever
B) that E) whatever
C) if
D) when 187- Didn't your teacher tell you yet ---- books
E) how you are supposed to read over the
semester? Ask her for the list when you see
181- ---- we'll do about our pets while we are her at school tomorrow, will you?
gone is something we should think about
before we begin planning an extended A) which
holiday. B) whom
C) where
A) Which D) when
B) When E) how
C) Where
D) What 188- I can't imagine ---- anyone would want to live
E) How in such a remote area so far away from the
city.
182- I can't remember ---- it has been since I last
went to the beach, but it was at least two or A) what
three years ago. B) how far
C) whom
A) how often D) why
B) how long E) which
C) how far
D) how many
E) how much
136
189- The museum curator explained to us ---- they 195- The recent report on ---- areas will be
track down the source of each work of art affected the most during an earthquake
before they even consider purchasing it. explains ---- the housing prices have
dropped so drastically in that area: it was on
A) however the top of the list.
B) whom
C) how A) how long/that
D) how far B) which/why
E) what C) when/what
D) where/how
190- Can you ask the salesperson ---- the taxes E) what/where
are included in the price he quoted us for the
car? 196- For my holiday destinations, I usually
choose ---- may be thought of by some
A) how people as boring, but I prefer the peace and
B) if quiet in such places.
C) when
D) that A) what
E) which B) how
C) that
191- You can't even imagine ---- I miss my D) who
children now they are studying at university. E) where
A) how much 197- ---- all drugs have the potential to be both
B) how long beneficial and harmful should not be ignored
C) however when using them.
D) whomever
E) how many A) Whenever
B) However
192- I could see ---- proud my parents were of me C) Whether
by the looks on their faces at my graduation D) How long
ceremony. E) The fact that
A) which 198- ---- the results of this study show is ----

B) that happier people live longer, healthier lives; so
C) when it is important to try to think positively about
D) what everything in life.
E) how
A) What/that
193- ---- I accept the position offered to me at the B) How/who
university depends on how much the salary C) That/when
is and ---- benefits they offer. D) When/how long
E) Which/how much
A) How/however
B) Even if/which 199- The Internet has become so important in
C) The fact that/why daily life that it is usually possible to find an
D) Whether/what Internet cafe ---- you are in the world.
E) Whatever/whose
A) whoever
194- Everyone knows ---- the politician has been B) wherever
accepting bribes from the Mafia, but no one C) however
is brave enough to do anything about it D) whenever
because they know ---- dangerous it is to E) whichever
cross the Mafia.
200- I suggest that you go to the computer centre
A) which/that on campus and just ask ---- is there to help
B) how much/what you get your laptop running again.
C) that/how
D) when/the fact that A) whenever
E) where/which B) wherever
C) whichever
D) whoever
E) whomever
137
201- I don't know exactly ---- it will take me to get 207- ---- TV show you choose to watch, you will
to your house on Friday because I will be still have to miss out on one of your
coming from work rather than home, and I favourite shows since they are scheduled at
am not familiar with the route. the same time now.
A) however A) Whomever
B) how long B) Whichever
C) what else C) Whenever
D) what time D) Wherever
E) when E) However
202- You shouldn't give your phone number to ---- 208- ---- I wear tonight depends on ---- you're
you meet because they could begin to planning to take me to. Shall I wear
harass you and then you would be forced to something special, or should I dress more
change your number. casually?
A) whenever A) If/what
B) wherever B) How/when
C) however C) Which/that
D) whomever D) Whether/how
E) whatever E) What/where
203- When Shelly told me ---- her phone bill was 209- The teacher showed the children ---- she
last month, I was shocked; I guess she has wanted them to perform during the final
been making a lot of long distance phone show for their parents, and they practised
calls. every day until it was nearly perfect.
A) how else A) how

B) where B) since
C) whenever C) whom
D) which D) which
E) how much E) when
204- Of course we would prefer you to choose to 210- I like to stay at my friend's house ---- I go to
study law rather than art, but ---- you choose Kuşadası because it is more fun than staying
to study, we will support you in your at a hotel and I don't have to worry about a
decision. check-out time.
A) wherever A) whoever
B) where else B) whichever
C) however C) whenever
D) whichever D) wherever
E) how else E) however
205- I don't know exactly ---- he lives, but I know 211- It was only after he was convicted of the
the general area, so it shouldn't be too crime that he revealed ---- he had been able
difficult to find his address. to break into such a secure compound
without being detected.
A) whom
B) when A) which
C) where B) how
D) why C) whom
E) what D) where
E) what
206- When Carmen found out ---- she was
pregnant, she immediately went to her 212- Fatma is feeling very anxious because she
husband to tell him the good news. will learn ---- university she will be attending
next year ---- the examination results are
A) why announced next week.
B) what
C) when A) what/where
D) that B) that/how
E) how C) where/whether
D) whether/if
E) which/when
138
213- Airport security tried to find out ---- bag it 219- I'll decide ---- to give him another chance
was that had been left next to the telephone after I hear his side of the story when he
booth before they had the bomb squad come comes over tonight.
in to check it out.
A) whether or not
A) whose B) the fact that
B) who C) however
C) what D) what else
D) which E) whenever
E) how
220- After two weeks of receiving mysterious
214- I've lost count of ---- times I have had to ask phone calls in the middle of the night,
Joseph not to leave the milk out on the Margaret still couldn't find out ---- was
counter, and he still did it again today. calling her.
A) how far A) what

B) how often B) why
C) how many C) how
D) how long D) who
E) how much E) whom
215- I couldn't believe ---- weight Pat had lost 221- Both Eamon and Paul are good at public
after her surgery! I hardly recognized her relations, so I'm sure ---- of them you appoint
because she looked like a totally different as head of the department will manage very
person. well.
A) however A) whoever
B) how few B) whomever
C) how far C) whichever
D) how often D) whatever
E) how much E) wherever
216- Her recent behaviour should prove to you ---- 222- Obviously my remarks were not at all ---- she
you can't trust her with anything that is was expecting to hear from me, so she was
important to you since it is obvious that she utterly shocked!
doesn't care.
A) how
A) whom B) what
B) that C) why
C) where D) which
D) which E) whose
E) what
223- ---- job I accept will offer a significant
217- There used to be a park in ---- is now the new increase over my current salary as well as
shopping centre, and I would go jogging improved benefits.
there every morning.
A) Whenever
A) where B) However
B) when C) Whichever
C) what D) Wherever
D) how E) Whomever
E) that
224- You can only be a film director ---- you have
218- Sandra knows she should apologize for ---- learned to understand all areas of the film-
she did, but she is just too embarrassed to making process; and editing is by far the
do so. most important of these.
A) how A) why
B) what B) whom
C) whether C) which
D) whom D) where
E) why E) when
139
225- We had no idea ---- the conference hall was 231- I hadn't realized ---- easy the game of
from the city centre, so we hired a taxi. checkers was until my friend explained the
rules to me.
A) which
B) how far A) how
C) wherever B) such
D) how long C) so
E) which D) much
E) what
226- I am worried ---- my son might be exerting
too much effort to catch up with his class, 232- Ancient people generally lived in fertile
after his lengthy illness that confined him to valleys or on plains ---- they could find
bed for ten days. plenty of water for irrigation.
A) how long A) whoever

B) whom B) wherever
C) how much C) whatever
D) that D) whichever
E) when E) however
227- The committee is concerned about ---- they'll 233- ---- is urgently needed in our company is an
be able to raise enough funds to establish a effective advertising campaign.
child-care centre in the inner city.
A) Who
A) whether B) Where
B) that C) That
C) when D) What
D) why E) How
E) which
234- ---- you cook chicken, my son doesn't eat it
228- In Greek legend, the people of Thebes because he just hates the smell.
offered not only the throne but also the hand
of Queen Jocasta to ---- could answer the A) However
riddle posed by a monster which was B) Whatever
terrorizing the people. C) So much
D) What else
A) whichever E) How much
B) wherever
C) whoever 235- We can do ---- you want today; after all, it is
D) whomever your birthday and you deserve to be spoilt at
E) however least one day a year.
229- Did you hear the flight attendant say ---- it is A) that
necessary to pull this cord in case of B) whenever
emergency or not? C) why
D) whatever
A) whether E) wherever
B) where
C) why 236- ---- shoes do you think go better with this
D) how dress? I can't decide between the black
E) that sandals with the beige straps and the brown
loafers.
230- The time that I like the smell of a wild
English country garden best is ---- the A) Those
peonies, lilies, and sweet peas are in bloom B) How
in early summertime. C) Which
D) Such
A) that E) Why
B) which
C) where
D) when
E) how
140
237- ---- I try to take a relaxing bath, someone 243- Although she knew that I was dying to know,
either knocks on the door or the telephone she refused to tell me ---- she'd got the letter
rings. from.
A) However A) whether
B) What B) that
C) Where C) whom
D) Whose D) what
E) Whenever E) how
238- ---- a stupid thing to say! You really hurt his 244- I'm ---- happy that you are finally here! I can't
feelings and I don't know if he'll ever forgive believe it's been nearly three years since we
you for it. last saw each other!
A) Which A) such
B) How B) how
C) So C) what
D) That D) much
E) What E) so
239- Until the experts' report was made public, no 245- ---- beautiful your sweater is! Is it made of
one knew exactly ---- damage was caused by cashmere?
the hurricane.
A) What
A) which B) How
B) where C) So
C) how much D) Such
D) such E) That
E) whenever
246- ---- longer do we have to wait for our food?
240- Jean will do ---- is necessary to get the We placed our order half an hour ago and we
project done on time, even if she has to work haven't even got our appetizers yet.
nights and weekends.
A) So much
A) wherever B) When the hell
B) whenever C) How much
C) however D) How often
D) whatever E) Why on earth
E) whoever
247- Before I can start my geography project, I
241- Ann is ---- an annoying person! I can never need to find out ---- the height of Mount
spend more than just a couple of hours with Everest is, since I need to compare it with
her without going crazy. that of K2.
A) so A) what
B) such B) how
C) what C) where
D) how D) how far
E) why E) how much
242- Sensitive people were shocked by ---- the 248- Do you know ---- high Mount Everest is? I
whole world did nothing but watch while the need to compare it with K2 for my geography
Bosnian Muslims were being massacred by class.
the Serbs.
A) what
A) the fact that B) where
B) which C) which
C) when D) how
D) how much E) how much
E) how far
141
249- I'm not sure exactly ---- I'm going to be here

for, but I like it so much that I want to stay
for as much time as possible.
A) when
B) how long
C) how far
D) how much
E) why
250- Have they told you ---- they are going on

holiday alone ---- with their children?
A) whether/or
B) why/such
C) when/that
D) how long/so
E) what/when
142
NOUN CLAUSES (CÜMLE TAMAMLAMA)
1- ---- remains to be seen. 6- The rules of the club stipulate ---- .
A) Whether our team will make it to the finals A) whether or not there'll be a charity ball in the
B) If we play as well as we did last week spring
C) Whenever he is supposed to practise B) whenever there is a meeting on the
D) How long had he been working on the premises
report C) that nobody is to climb on his own
E) The fact that we were good enough to D) even if somebody is to violate any of them
qualify E) whoever objects to the membership fee
2- The headmaster was determined to find out 7- ---- haven't been declared yet.
---- .
A) The groups for the World Cup
A) that the science laboratory at his school B) Which of the teams will qualify for the
was better equipped than at any other competition
B) if only he could have remembered to C) Whenever the Olympic Games take place
congratulate the winners of the competition D) Whether our team will take part in the
C) how many students were there in the games
cafeteria at the time E) How the groups are going to be selected
D) that the school system required a foreign
language to be taught 8- I was half way to the bus stop when I
E) who had released all the frogs from the realised ---- .
science laboratory
A) how could I have done such a silly thing
3- It was his greatest hope ---- . B) if I had taken my pass with me
C) whether I had turned the gas off
A) whether the peace initiative could actually D) that I had left my report at home
work E) the fact that the bus won't come for more
B) that people could learn to live together in than twenty minutes
peace
C) if he could ever be a rich man 9- ---- made it obvious once more what an
D) without the support and encouragement of excellent reputation the school has.
his friends
E) whenever he saw his old colleagues A) Though it was extremely unfortunate for
many hopeful students
4- ----, so it's quite likely that it will spend the B) The fact that ten times as many students
night out in the garden. applied for the entrance exam as would be
accepted
A) Whether he has remembered to take his C) Whether or not the owners will decide to
keys with him or not open a second school in a different area
B) I don't think I reminded him to bring the bird D) However hard students may have studied
in for the entrance examination
C) I recall how he used to play with the dog in E) Many of the contemporary politicians and
the back yard literary personalities had studied there
D) A dove has made its nest in one of the trees
in our orchard 10- Have you asked the landowner ---- ?
E) Unless I phone him to say that I've found his
keys in my bag A) that we are not prepared to spend so much
on the deposit
5- Vegetarians claim ---- . B) why hasn't the kitchen tap been fixed yet
C) who is going to pay for the repair work in
A) to avoid any products which are obtained the flat
from animals D) to get the contract ready before we moved
B) whether they should include dairy products in
in their diet E) when can we go and collect our remaining
C) why animals should be killed to satisfy furniture there
man's hunger
D) whichever diet is the least healthy
E) that eating animal flesh is unhealthy
143
11- It is commonly believed ---- . 16- During my second day at the hospital, the
staff nurse showed me ---- .
A) so scientists needn't have worked hard to
prove anything A) whether the condition is serious or not
B) that global warming is causing freak B) which made me feel inferior
weather conditions C) that today she is in charge
C) as it is clear that we should be taking better D) where can I find the bandages
care of our planet E) where the patients' records are kept
D) such disasters as hurricanes, floods and
tornadoes that strike the earth 17- Do you know ---- ?
E) whether the weather is affected by pollution
of the environment A) since she was breaking the speed limit
B) is the speed limit different in Belgium from
12- My grandmother always wants us ---- . that in the UK
C) where can we park in Ghent town centre
A) not to make any noise while she was taking D) what the speed limit is in Belgium
her afternoon nap E) how far over the speed limit are we driving
B) whether we could do her shopping while we
were doing ours 18- The council had to make a guess about ---- .
C) that we should add very little salt to foods
due to her hypertension A) whether the council consult the public or not
D) if we could turn the volume of the television B) how many members of the public would
up a little more attend the meeting
E) to speak a little more loudly because she is C) the fact that public council meetings are so
a little deaf unpopular
D) whenever Mr Prescott from Bayston Hill
13- Did she explain ---- ? complains
E) if the politician would gain enough support
A) if she lets us know about their order well in
advance 19- Her daughter didn't understand ---- .
B) only if we'd been informed about the
alterations earlier A) that she was going to attend an all-girl school
C) why the report hadn't been faxed yet B) which plastic surgeon did she visit
D) whenever there was something wrong with C) why she had had plastic surgery carried out
the photocopier on her face
E) however the report is to be sent there D) ever since her father disappeared without
leaving any trace
14- The newspapers aren't revealing ---- . E) by the time her father has finished
explaining the situation
A) whichever version of the story one listens to
B) unless they are paid a substantial sum of 20- His strange behaviour recently makes
money everybody wonder ---- .
C) until they find the man responsible for the
explosion A) that he has to seek the help of a psychiatrist
D) who was responsible for the leak of official about his problems
secrets B) whether he can still carry out his duties
E) as long as they know who was involved in efficiently
the bribery case C) how can they still let him operate on
patients
15- The council don't appear to want to tell the D) ever since he made the horrific mistake
residents ---- . E) when he unnecessarily left a young girl
scarred for life only last week
A) how will the new construction project affect
them 21- Following the end of the civil war, the
B) how much pollution the new factory will Angolan authorities acknowledge ---- .
produce
C) what percentage are bus fares going to be A) why haven't people been told that their
increased by children are still alive
D) will the new factory use up fertile farming B) that the number of children on the missing
land list doesn't represent the true number
E) why is a new factory going to be built so C) how many children are still missing
close to people's homes D) who believe there are several thousand
children still to be reunited with their parents
or relatives
E) which television station is presenting the
names and pictures of missing children
144
22- ----, so the police will send them to the 27- ---- will become clear later.
forensic science laboratory.
A) Whenever he goes to visit his family in
A) The items found in the car indicate that they Ireland
belonged to the kidnappers B) When will the new owners take over the car
B) Now it’s clear who carried out the factory
kidnapping of the teenager C) Since the businessmen decided to buy this
C) The police admitted that they should have loss-making factory
searched the man's house D) How the new ownership will affect the
D) The police guidelines stipulate that they employees
requested a search warrant E) Who will the boss appoint as the new
E) The kidnapper pretended that the girl was manager
still alive by playing tapes of her voice
28- ---- was his only desire.
23- ---- was his only wish.
A) Whether there would ever be peace in his
A) Which school will he send his son to country
B) Without knowing whether his wife was dead B) If he could manage to afford a Mercedes
or alive Benz
C) What brand of perfume does his wife C) Without the compassion shown to them by
usually wear the community
D) However he hadn't contacted the police yet D) That his family could live without fear of
E) That his daughter would be found alive and persecution
well E) Although they had managed to arrive in
Miami safely
24- ---- is the subject of a book.
29- ----, so it will probably take me longer than
A) Since he fled his country in fear for Portugal usual to get to work.
over ten years ago
B) Whenever he represents his country abroad A) I couldn't remember where I had put the
C) When will his story be made public shampoo
D) How he was tortured, exiled and returned to B) My sister has bought a much faster car
East Timor C) The reporter has just remarked that two
E) Every time his name is mentioned in the lanes of the highway are closed
media D) The fact that she slows down at every
junction
25- ---- is not our concern. This is an important E) Jennifer implied that I should buy a faster
investigation and you have to stay at work. car as soon as possible
A) The fact that you have been invited to a 30- Environmentalists argue ---- .
party
B) If you have a pressing engagement A) how is the environment going to be affected
somewhere else if a nuclear accident should occur
C) Where we suspect the murder weapon is B) that genetically modified salmon are a
hidden threat to the wild species
D) What exactly we are going to be looking for C) whether they will allow this species to be
E) Who do you want in the search team grown in the UK
D) which could possibly breed with wild salmon
26- You really have to go to Australia for the E) who believe genetically modified fruit poses
conference ---- . a danger to the human health
A) whether or not you are scared of flying 31- The Foreign Minister refused to comment on
B) if your manager goes instead of you ---- .
C) which town is it being held in
D) how long it will take to get there A) whether we would withdraw food aid if the
E) who will be presenting the new proposals human rights abuses continued
B) why hasn't the government done something
about these human rights abuses
C) how can they allow these abuses to happen
without doing anything
D) ever since a breakdown in law and order
developed in the area
E) the situation is now completely out of
control in the area
145
32- The airline didn't explain ---- . 39- When he first visited Singapore, he didn't
know ---- .
A) that the plane will stop to get fuel
B) why the plane had been delayed A) by the time he was arrested for speeding
C) that wasn't very nice of them B) ever since he had read the guidebook
D) what time did we leave Heathrow Airport C) why he has actually chosen to go there
E) how long does it take us to get to Istanbul D) that it was illegal to spit on the street
E) which of the recommended hotels should he
33- The police underestimated ---- . stay at
A) when so many police officers leave the 40- Since the President's assassination,
police force everyone has been wondering ---- .
B) particularly which politician had the
terrorists targeted A) just when the Vice President was making an
C) how many demonstrators would turn up announcement
D) the fact was that the situation was out of B) whether the new President will be a strong
control enough leader for the country
E) whenever there is a football match in the C) even though they still haven't caught the
town assassin or assassins
D) the fact that the country has recovered from
34- Do you know ---- ? its negative effects quickly
E) that the Vice President is incapable of
A) how much sugar does he take leading in these difficult times
B) where is Patricia going on holiday
C) since Sonia was back from holiday 41- Early circus performers went from town to
D) is Freddie coming to dinner tonight town exhibiting their acts and animals ---- .
E) how Julia likes her coffee
A) the most popular of them was the
35- Yesterday at school, we learnt ---- . performing horse
B) wherever they could draw crowds
A) how glass is made C) their tents got larger with increased public
B) what is the procedure in making porcelain interest
C) that was extremely interesting D) so many great circuses were forced to close
D) whether we enjoy it or not during the Great Depression
E) which concerned the teacher most of all E) which was at first mostly a family affair
36- While we were touring the castle, the tour 42- ----, so they must be getting ready to close
guide showed us ---- . the restaurant.
A) where can we take an interesting photograph A) They found the onion rings that we ordered
B) how much he would love his job an hour ago
C) which made me feel frightened B) The people who were sitting outside might
D) where the torture chamber used to be have left
located C) Whenever I sit down to eat here a waiter
E) whether we could take pictures or not never comes
D) Now that we finally have some peace and
37- Are you sure you perfectly understood ---- ? quiet
E) They have just brought the tables and
A) why did he give us such complex directions chairs on the patio in
B) until he stopped shouting at the students
C) once all the speakers have used their 43- ---- is the basic requirement for the job.
allotted time
D) since the chairman is speaking very softly to A) Whoever can type fifty words per minute
himself B) With a proper certificate for teaching
E) what was explained in chemistry class obtained from a decent institution
yesterday C) That the applicants can speak both English
and French
38- Since the food ran out, it appears that D) When you state which university you
Patrick did not correctly estimate ---- . attended
E) Which schools or companies have you
A) if everyone had shown up worked for before
B) whenever the guests began to leave
C) on condition that everyone has arrived
hungry
D) whether he would go to the party or not
E) how many people would turn up at the party
146
44- ---- is a long story, but I'll tell you if you want 49- As the house is in a very clean neighbourhood
to hear it. with a good school, I'm sure ---- .
A) How I managed to escape from my A) so it will require you to pay less than your
kidnappers without being hurt neighbours
B) Since I was kidnapped by guerrillas while B) when the current tenants will be moving out
visiting Colombia C) that it will be worth the price that you are
C) Whenever you want to hear an interesting paying for it
tale D) why you have been unable to find something
D) When I have recovered from my recent less expensive
ordeal E) how your children will overcome the
E) Every time I travel around Latin America adaptation problems
45- ----, the purpose is to get away from 50- His parents are wondering ---- .
ordinary life for a while and enjoy relaxation
and recreation. A) whenever he doesn't do very well in school
and gets in trouble
A) The fact that the winter resort is of more B) unless he spends more effort to get better
recent origin grades at school
B) Whichever type of holiday is chosen C) that he is a lot lazier this year than he has
C) Since summer was the usual time for ever been before
holidays D) with whom was he hanging around after
D) If one finds arranging for a trip a difficult task school every day
E) Though tour operators arrange every aspect E) whether he will ever be motivated to study
of a travel package more and succeed in school
46- ----, the possibility of facing the death of a 51- The team of researchers hope that the
loved one is on the minds of many people. results of their study will show ---- .
A) When soldiers return after completing their A) until they have completed all the tests on
period of service the volunteers
B) The fact that terrorism is the use of violence B) how long has your liver been in such a poor
to achieve political goals condition
C) Among the notorious events of the 1970s C) with many more volunteers to become part
and 1980s of the study
D) In a time of war or global terrorism D) whereas in the next stage they will need
E) What the younger generation actually wants volunteers to eat different vegetables
E) which vegetables are most effective in
47- The insurance company's experts are still repairing liver damage
investigating ----.
52- What actually made the film truly frightening
A) that the animals on the farm could have ---- .
been rescued had the fire been noticed in
time A) is the haunted house about which hundreds
B) that the owner of the warehouse had never of stories have been written
been involved in such a swindle before B) was the sound effects rather than the
C) whether the fire in the chemical factory scenes themselves
started accidentally or was started C) it is the belief that the dead can return to
deliberately haunt and even harm the living
D) when so many houses in the area were on D) is when the hero turns to a vampire all of a
fire at the same time sudden
E) ever since the fire was put out and the E) didn't prevent us from being utterly terrified
smoke cleared completely
53- Whenever there is a traffic accident on a
48- ---- why the concert was cancelled at the last busy highway, ----.
minute.
A) the police were not able to determine who
A) The band's manager promoted the idea was at fault
B) It was only natural that everyone was very B) few people are expected to have survived
upset the crash
C) There doesn't seem to be a problem with C) people can't help but slow down to have a
anything look at the wreckage
D) The reason that the superstar did not feel D) some people still haven't realized the
well enough importance of wearing seatbelts
E) The angry fans in the arena demanded to E) it won't be cleared off the road until
know tomorrow morning
147
54- ---- is a difficult decision for the family to 59- The graduate student teaching French
make. literature couldn't even inform me ---- .
A) For as long as he has been suffering from A) when was Albert Camus awarded the Nobel
Alzheimer's disease Prize
B) Whenever he gets confused and doesn't B) how had she managed to memorize all of
know where he is Edith Piaf’s song lyrics
C) If they weren't both working full-time and C) which was once considered to be the
trying to raise two children greatest work by Victor Hugo
D) Whether they should put their elderly father D) if she ever has the opportunity to visit the
in a retirement home or not city of Bordeaux
E) The fact that he is getting old and becoming E) whether it was de Heredia or de Lisle who
unable to look after himself wrote the poem "Bacchanale"
55- ----, he claimed that his kidnappers were 60- ---- will say that I was not the one who
actually aliens who performed gruesome caused it.
tests on him.
A) How much the repairs to the stereo will cost
A) When the man was interviewed following B) When my keys had got locked in the car for
his alleged abduction the third time this week
B) If only people didn't accuse him of being C) Whoever you decide to talk to about the
insane and believed what he said accident
C) Why the man didn't run away from the D) Why Canan has been avoiding me lately
unearthly light as if descended E) Whatever it was that led to Umut and
D) On his brain and nervous system were Hande's divorce
placed sophisticated devices
E) Ever since the old man managed to escape 61- Do you think that Rey will tell us ---- ?
from the mental hospital
A) what he is planning to do next weekend
56- Not entirely trusting Bernard's sources, B) which of you was it who did this
Melissa asked him ---- . C) since so few of his friends turn up
D) until the party had finally ended
A) whenever he told her anything interesting E) whoever will remind him to do it
B) whether or not he will marry her
C) where he'd got his information from 62- Despite having a degree in history, Paul is
D) the fact that his mother was recovering completely unaware ---- .
quickly
E) that spreading rumours was just terrible A) how French became one of Canada's
official languages
57- ---- is starting to look more and more likely. B) why the Rwandan genocide was not
prevented
A) What neighbourhood in İstanbul is the C) that the African continent has been the site
nicest of a number of great civilizations
B) When the old Turkish lira was finally D) whether or not he will be going on to
replaced by the new Turkish lira graduate school
C) Why so many people have opposed Turkey E) what were the causes of the Byzantine
joining the European Union Empire's eventual collapse
D) That the Marmaray rail tunnel will be
completed on schedule 63- No one was able to reliably inform Selin ----
E) How the Turkish economy had been
protected against another crisis A) so many of them had mistrusted her for
such a long time
58- ---- is not something that should concern B) how often had her boss evaluated her
you. performance
C) whenever one of her rivals enters the same
A) Since the car accident caused such a lot of room as her
bad injuries D) whether or not she had got married to Alper
B) What I did while I was at home sick all day E) if she was being seriously considered for
yesterday the promotion
C) It may be very far from her house to the
station
D) When was it first proposed that the
Tyrannosaurus rex was not a predator
E) Whenever Amanda's husband comes home
late at night
148
64- ---- that they almost never stop swimming. 70- ---- why the UN soldiers in their town weren't
protecting them.
A) What I have always found fascinating about
sharks is A) Israel was illegally occupying Lebanese
B) That clownfish have absolutely beautiful territory
colours B) Kofi Annan is partly to blame
C) While dogfish are actually a different variety of C) The Tutsis in Kigali were in despair
them D) The Bosniaks of Srebrenica couldn't
D) How to prepare a freshwater eel for eating is understand
E) Whatever the legendary mermaids actually are E) Civilians in Mogadishu were killed by them
65- ----, it always seems to be excessively hot and 71- Carl Haub has estimated ----
humid.
A) why he works at the Population Resource
A) However few people there are in this tiny Bureau
cinema B) when the world's population was rapidly
B) What is the weather normally like in Florida in increasing
the summer C) how many people the world contained in 1
C) That global warming is steadily increasing BC
D) Until we finally had enough money to buy an D) which articles he has been writing
air conditioner E) however inaccurate the figures may be
E) Exactly how the Earth's system of seasonal
change works 72- Whenever a solar eclipse occurred,----.
66- The astronomer Edmond Halley correctly A) the ancient Chinese thought the Sun was
calculated ---- . being eaten by a dragon
B) don't try to look at it without special eyewear
A) how far is the Earth from the Sun C) the Medes and Lydians stopped their five-
B) that were previously not on the star map year-long war
C) how often a specific comet passed by the D) the moon passes between the Sun and the
Earth Earth
D) whose name is still connected with the Moon E) the philosopher Thales then managed to
E) why a comet would be named after him predict it
67- Wherever South Asians have gone in the world, 73- In the 1950s, Michael Ventris and John
---- . Chadwick finally worked out ---- .
A) such as the Middle East, southern and eastern A) whose discovery changed the view of
Africa, and the UK Crete's history
B) they have been exploited in many of them B) which languages they could speak
C) they have enriched the local culture to some C) when the former died in a car crash in 1956
extent D) how to read the Linear B script
D) some of the countries have made immigration E) that wrote the book Documents in
difficult Mycenaean Greek
E) they hadn't cut their ties to their homelands
74- Murat couldn't believe ---- .
68- Will you let me know ---- ?
A) whose daughter has he started going out
A) who you are going on the trip with with
B) why have we been waiting for over half an B) which one of his sisters will tell the truth
hour C) how hot was the weather the day before
C) whenever you thought about the scandal D) whom he'd never seen in his life before
D) how are you feeling today E) how much the local restaurant's pides cost
E) whether I am interested in it or not
75- ---- whether the fire had been started
69- ---- how much I love her. intentionally.
A) I'm wearing this suit because Widad is coming A) Although the police had no doubts
B) Even though I call Jamila every day, she still B) It was caused by a lit cigarette
doesn't realize C) The local residents wanted to know
C) This morning I was talking to Jamie on the D) An investigation will be set up
phone E) The firefighters were extremely suspicious
D) For her birthday, I bought Libena an expensive
new mobile phone
E) If the manager approves of my proposal, I will
be delighted
149
76- It is widely believed in Turkey ---- . 81- My father used to say ---- .
A) although nothing has been proved about A) who later wrote a book on how to design
their superstitions heat transfer fans
B) whether a blue bead really protects me from B) that if you want a job done properly, you
the evil eye should do it yourself
C) because bad luck can wreck a person's life C) although they had completed the work in
D) as other cultures have a variety of good luck record time
symbols D) whether he could get a plumber in or fit the
E) that an envious look cast upon you can new bathtub himself
bring bad luck E) the fact that he couldn't trust anyone in his
office to do anything well
77- Our boss always wants us ---- .
82- The sales manager always requires us ---- .
A) because our quotations had been taking a
long time to prepare A) to write our initials on the back of a
B) whether we could type some reports for him customer's cheque once we have checked
C) to clear our desks at the end of the day it
D) that we shouldn't receive any customer B) because we have to check that the
complaints signature on the cheque matches the one
E) if we could work some overtime next week on the bank card
C) whether he had enough money in the bank
78- Did the company acknowledge ---- ? to cover the cheque
D) that you should keep your cheque book and
A) that we should be compensated for the your bank card together
delay E) if you could add up all the cheques and
B) if this is their normal level of service enter them into the bank book
C) if only we could arrive before the meeting
D) whether we can get a refund or not 83- Did the patient acknowledge ---- ?
E) how much longer we are going to wait
A) if this is how they treat patients in this
79- All of us wondered ---- . hospital
B) that the care provided during his stay at the
A) whether I have been told about the scandal hospital was excellent
involving the family or not C) will the patient make a full recovery after his
B) why the whole family had suddenly moved heart operation
to Canada without saying anything D) whether he should go back to work or not
C) that is because of the problems he is having E) what are the chances of him making a full
at his current school recovery from his heart operation
D) to know if the family had overcome all the
difficulties there 84- I can't imagine ---- .
E) the fact that his son actually managed to
become a doctor A) why anyone would queue up to go into a
shop
80- The council don't seem to appreciate ---- . B) the fact that the sale starts at 11 p.m. on
Saturday evening
A) how did they sell the land to the C) whether they were all sold by the time she
supermarket chain arrived at the shop
B) why aren't the opinions of the town's people D) how much are the fitted kitchens in the sale
being considered E) the expression on his face when I gave him
C) will there be free parking at the new the cufflinks I had bought for him
supermarket
D) how much the people of the town value their 85- ---- how much she wanted to become a
traditional market doctor.
E) whatever the outcome of the meeting of the
farmers had been A) Her father underestimated
B) Her mother did not agree at all
C) She would go to a decent university
D) She should have got better results at school
E) She didn't get any support from her parents
150
86- ----, exercise keeps off the three hallmarks 91- ----, but everybody thought he had other
of physical aging - loss of muscle tissue, reasons for his sudden departure.
weakening bones and increase in body fat.
A) Michael's stomach problems have been
A) According to the article I've just read easing up recently
B) Every doctor that I have talked to so far B) Apparently George feels out of place at the
C) If people were to listen to their doctors party
D) Whether you are motivated to lose weight C) It's obvious that Sam has been unable to
E) Owing to my extensive personal experience mingle with the others
D) Jeremy said he was leaving because he
87- My grandmother, who lived through some had a headache
very difficult times, ---- . E) It was always Stan who started a
conversation with strangers
A) led quite an easy life with no financial
problems to worry about 92- I really can't understand ---- .
B) always used to find something good in
every negative situation A) the fact that people started hunting before it
C) all had the most positive influence upon her was the correct season
life B) how anyone can harm an innocent animal
D) is expected to gain a lot of experience in life just for their own wicked pleasure
E) has nevertheless developed a pessimistic C) whether he speaks in his native Italian or in
outlook on life English
D) why are the after-school programs so
88- Health authorities have warned people ---- . expensive
E) the look on his face when he heard that he
A) why the air is so polluted and is getting was going to a boarding school
worse with each day
B) the fact that these are all substances 93- ---- when they woke up and saw the
harmful to humans multitude of presents underneath the tree on
C) whether the air will clear or not is difficult to Christmas morning.
predict
D) when there are too many humans inhabiting A) I don't think I can ever imagine
a relatively small planet B) Seeing the expressions on their faces
E) to stay inside until the heavy smog has C) The children couldn't believe their eyes
dispersed D) It's a tradition to buy children presents
E) They haven't been expecting such a
89- ----, I never realized that Disney movies surprise
almost always include something about a
father or mother getting killed. 94- ----, so it's a miracle that Mary walked away
without even a scratch, isn't it?
A) My father didn't believe
B) Her mother failed to understand A) Fortunately, the vehicle did not burst into
C) Until my friend pointed it out flames afterwards
D) Before he has agreed to listen to me B) What caused the blast will probably never
E) Since she didn't watch it be known for certain
C) It was thanks to the fact that she was
90- The teacher always requires her students ---- . wearing her seatbelt at the time
D) The car was crushed like a tin can when it
A) to write in their journals for the first ten collided with the truck
minutes of every class E) Following the accident, the court found both
B) because they have to practise their creative sides to be at fault
writing skills every day
C) whether they like to write or not, all students 95- ---- how much she had spent on the
must fulfill the requirements designer dress as she was sure they'd
D) that you should check your child's criticize her.
homework on a daily basis
E) if you could monitor what each of the A) Her friends underestimated
students is writing in their journals B) She decided to go to a reputable
dressmaker
C) Her parents did not approve
D) Even her sisters didn't support her
E) She didn't want anyone to know
151
96- Just for one moment, everybody assumed

that the child had drowned, ----.
A) ever since the beach got more and more

crowded with holiday-makers
B) as soon as both parents are out of the sight
of the crowd waiting at the beach
C) that he shouldn't have swum so far away
from the beach on his own
D) if only the coast guard was swimming
towards him much faster
E) so they all gave a sigh of relief when he
appeared above the water again
97- ---- that we should have dressed up.
A) We were going to celebrate our 12th

anniversary with a big party
B) We somehow got the impression that it
would be a rather informal party
C) I admit that it would have been a lot better if
we bad planned
D) We realized upon arriving there and seeing
everyone in their best gowns
E) I noticed that everyone else at the family
reunion was wearing their best clothes
98- The board still haven't announced ---- .
A) if they were to increase the production

twofold
B) who have they chosen to represent them at
the trade fair
C) why was there so much disagreement over
the issue of pay rises
D) which of the candidates have they found to
be the best qualified
E) how many employees will be sent to the
conference
99- The manager informed the headquarters ---- .
A) that stocks had run out faster than they had

expected
B) who they thought would be interested in
buying this model
C) whether the price was far too high for
people's buying power
D) whether or not they have sent some more
employees to help out
E) the fact that the location of the new store
will be ideal
100- Does the brochure give any information

about ---- ?
A) how far is the nearest beach on foot

B) whether alcoholic drinks are included in the
price or not
C) if advance reservation is necessary or not
D) that the resort has any sites of historical
value
E) how long does it take to get there from the
town
152
RELATIVE CLAUSES
1- As I cross the bridge over the Bosphorus, I 7- The Australian-Indian Pacific train, ---- was
can see the school ---- my friend has been the world’s first transcontinental train linking
employed as a caretaker. two oceans, is one of the world’s most
luxurious long-distance trains.
A) where
B) that A) that
C) which B) where
D) who C) which
E) when D) when
E) whose
2- İlkay is an accomplished artist, ---- skills
include painting and drawing. 8- Many of the medieval buildings in Frankfurt
on Main, Germany, were destroyed in World
A) who War II, one of ---- was the birthplace and
B) whose childhood home of the great German author
C) whom Goethe.
D) what
E) that A) which
B) whom
3- A bear will only attack a human ---- it feels C) whose
threatened itself. D) where
E) when
A) where
B) when 9- We were wondering ---- the club had
C) which cancelled this week's meeting.
D) that
E) who A) where
B) which
4- The Goethe Institute, ---- is named after the C) that
greatest writer in German literature, is D) why
respected worldwide as a resource and E) who
educational centre.
10- No amount of toys can make up for the love
A) when and attention ---- every child needs.
B) why
C) that A) when
D) where B) where
E) which C) how
D) who
5- Turkey, ---- landscape changes dramatically E) that
from region to region, offers enough variety
to keep even the most adventurous traveller 11- Romania has over 100,000 children living in
happy. orphanages, one in five of ---- will end his life
in a psychiatric institution.
A) which
B) when A) where
C) that B) whose
D) whose C) whom
E) ---- D) which
E) when
6- The Spice Girls, one of ---- members has just
left the band, have decided to continue as a 12- This internationally acclaimed photog-
four piece band. rapher, one of ---- achievements is the Bridal
Photograph of the Year Award, will be
A) which holding a seminar on photographic
B) where techniques this weekend.
C) whose
D) that A) who
E) whom B) that
C) which
D) whose
E) when
153
13- Hong Kong, ---- is centered around the 19- It wasn't so bad living in student
world's largest deep-water harbour, was accommodation because the three girls with
handed back to China on 30th June 1997. ---- I shared the apartment were very easy-
going and amusing.
A) which
B) where A) whom
C) what B) whose
D) how C) which
E) that D) who
E) that
14- In Hong Kong, ---- there are many steep
areas, ninety percent of the people live on 20- The company exports fifty percent of the
fifteen percent of the land, resulting in the products ---- it manufactures at this factory.
highest population density in the world.
A) whose
A) whose B) that
B) who C) where
C) which D) who
D) when E) when
E) where
21- The refugees, ---- had come to Germany from
15- I wanted to do my laundry, but I couldn't use war-stricken Togo, were housed in
the machine because of a power cut, ---- temporary accommodation.
frustrated me.
A) who
A) whose B) which
B) when C) when
C) that D) where
D) where E) that
E) which
22- All the students ---- have been chosen to
16- In order to reinforce my son's English at participate in the end-of-term concert should
school, I am looking for a private teacher ---- come to the assembly room at 10 m. on
can come in the evenings. Saturday.
A) when A) which
B) whose B) when
C) who C) where
D) whom D) that
E) where E) whose
17- We sometimes spend a week in a cottage in 23- My aunt, ---- son-in-law is the managing
Wales ---- belongs to a friend of my director of a large company, has been to a
husband's. garden party at Buckingham Palace.
A) that A) who
B) where B) whom
C) whose C) which
D) who D) whose
E) when E) where
18- In 1997, Princess Diana auctioned off 24- The use of wind, ---- is a clean and
seventy-nine formal dresses, the most inexhaustible source of energy to generate
expensive of ---- fetched 222,500 dollars, to electricity, has increased lately because of
raise money for AIDS and cancer centres. recent interest in fuel conservation.
A) who A) whose
B) when B) which
C) where C) that
D) which D) who
E) whom E) where
154
25- His business partner wanted to discuss ---- 31- When I came to live in Turkey, I found
he hadn't been informed of the recent shopping at boutiques ---- don't display any
developments. prices very difficult.
A) which A) when
B) when B) who
C) whose C) whom
D) why D) that
E) where E) where
26- There are certain areas in the USA ---- brown 32- Yesterday, a train ---- was travelling from
bears still live in the wild. Munich to Hamburg in Germany crashed into
an overpass.
A) where
B) whose A) where
C) that B) when
D) which C) who
E) when D) whose
E) which
27- As I had forgotten my raincoat when we went
camping, Nilgün, ---- had brought two with 33- Mexico City, ---- poverty, pollution and water
her, lent me one of hers. shortages are commonplace, now has a total
population of'about twenty million.
A) whose
B) when A) that
C) that B) which
D) which C) where
E) who D) why
E) how
28- Whenever I visited my aunt, she used to give
me a huge slice of cake ---- she had baked 34- Senegal, ---- main source of foreign income
herself. comes from peanuts, relies heavily on the
world markets.
A) when
B) who A) which
C) which B) that
D) where C) whose
E) how D) why
E) when
29- My friend, ---- dream had always been to own
a country home, has just bought a nice 35- The 4th July every year is the day ----
house in a small village. Americans celebrate their independence.
A) whose A) where
B) which B) which
C) that C) who
D) where D) when
E) when E) why
30- State officials said two hundred people were 36- Jacques Cousteau, the famous French
injured in the train crash, of ---- ninety-five ocean explorer ---- helped invent the Aqua
had serious injuries. lung, died in 1997 aged 87.
A) where A) who
B) whose B) where
C) whom C) when
D) that D) why
E) which E) which
155
37- The most spectacular monuments of ancient 43- Oceans and seas are the bodies of salt water
America are found in Mexico, central ---- cover about 71 percent of the Earth's
America and the central Andes, ---- entire surface.
cities with pyramids, temples and palaces
were built. A) where
B) when
A) when C) whose
B) where D) why
C) which E) that
D) that
E) why 44- Not much is known about West African
history until the year one thousand, ----
38- Underwater explorers have been studying geographers first made written records.
the remains of Port Royal, Jamaica, ---- sank
in an earthquake in 1692. A) where
B) whose
A) where C) in which
B) that D) how
C) which E) that
D) when
E) how 45- The manager of the department showed me
---- to use the company's computer system.
39- Do you believe there'll be a time ---- all
nations will live in peace? A) where
B) which
A) why C) that
B) which D) how
C) when E) who
D) where
E) how 46- Divers at sites off Turkey have found the
wrecks of vessels ---- date as far back as the
40- The club chairman, ---- the members thought 23rd century BC.
to be trustworthy, has just disappeared with
the club's money. A) when
B) which
A) whom C) where
B) how D) who
C) when E) whose
D) ----
E) which 47- Only the elderly people of the village could
remember a winter ---- snow had blocked the
41- The first practical deep sea diving suit, ---- road for so long.
was used to recover treasure from a
shipwreck called the 'Mary Rose', was A) when
developed by John and Charles Dean. B) where
C) which
A) that D) why
B) who E) whose
C) when
D) where 48- Sevil was not looking forward to telling
E) which Kemal, ---- she had borrowed the book from,
that she had left it on the train.
42- I won't accept your homework unless you
can provide a good reason ---- you haven't A) that
handed it in on time. B) what
C) where
A) when D) who
B) why E) whose
C) where
D) which
E) who
156
49- Cappadocia, ---- the volcanic landscape 55- Pioneer has developed a voice-activated car
features peculiarly shaped stone towers CD system ---- allows you to select a disc
known as fairy chimneys, is of particular while you're driving.
interest to foreign travellers.
A) where
A) when B) when
B) which C) which
C) how D) what
D) that E) how
E) where
56- Thailand, ---- historical golden temples and
50- The distinctive style of Seljuk architecture breath-taking beaches attract visitors from
can be seen in bridges, many of ---- are still across the globe, obtains its largest source
in use today. of foreign earnings from the tourist industry.
A) where A) when
B) which B) whose
C) that C) how
D) whom D) which
E) what E) that
51- Thanks to modern technology, people ---- 57- On the Prince's Islands in the Marmara Sea,
have hearing problems are enjoying ---- there are no motor vehicles, horse-drawn
improved hearing with the use of hearing carriages are the normal method of
aids. transportation.
A) which A) whose
B) when B) which
C) that C) where
D) where D) when
E) what E) ----
52- Because my grandmother has hearing 58- Sir David Attenborough, ---- is probably the
problems, she sometimes can't hear ---- I am best known and most respected English
saying to her. wildlife reporter, is currently filming a series
entitled 'The Life of Birds' in the Venezuelan
A) what rain forest.
B) which
C) where A) where
D) when B) when
E) who C) that
D) who
53- We have lots of house-plants on our E) whose
balcony, most ---- will have to be brought
inside in the winter. 59- The material ---- we chose to cover our
dining room chairs with looks too bright now
A) of whom that they have been covered.
B) of which
C) whose A) of which
D) in which B) what
E) with whom C) where
D) when
54- When I returned to England after living in E) ----
America, it took me some time to find an
electrical adaptor for my computer, ---- I had 60- Today's customers ---- wanted to take
brought back with me. advantage of the special offer were
disappointed to find out that the shop had
A) where sold out of that model.
B) when
C) that A) which
D) whose B) when
E) which C) where
D) whom
E) who
157
61- The Colombian football star, ---- the club 67- I'm never going to go back to that
hired at the beginning of the season, has greengrocer's because the last time I went
scored ten goals in the matches played so there I bought a kilo of tomatoes, half ----
far. turned out to be rotten.
A) whom A) from what

B) whose B) of whom
C) where C) of which
D) which D) whose
E) when E) that
62- Frank Sinatra, ---- songs are known 68- It's best to buy fruit and vegetables ---- they
worldwide, died earlier this year. are in season as they are better quality and
cheaper then.
A) which
B) where A) which
C) that B) when
D) when C) ----
E) whose D) where
E) what
63- Botany is the branch of biology ---- deals
with plants. 69- The boat will take us to the Black Sea coast
---- we will have a picnic and play some
A) who games before returning at about 4 p.m.
B) that
C) when A) when
D) where B) who
E) whose C) which
D) whose
64- Today's American Indians are descendants E) where
of the people ---- discovered and settled in
America more than 20,000 years ago. 70- I had never had any health problems until
last July, ---- I was taken to hospital with a
A) who very high fever.
B) when
C) which A) where
D) where B) which
E) whose C) that
D) when
65- In 1830, the US Army forced the Cherokee E) whom
Indians to march 2,000 miles to Oklahoma.
Approximately fifteen thousand Indians were 71- We should put the posters ---- lots of people
involved in this march, four thousand ---- will see them.
died on the way.
A) which
A) for which B) that
B) whose C) where
C) of whom D) who
D) where E) whose
E) about what
72- Smith's Gym, ---- I attend aerobic classes, is
66- The Battle of Little Bighorn, in ---- all 225 opening a sauna and solarium.
cavalry troops were killed, was the last
Native American victory in the Indian Wars A) which
of the US. B) ----
C) when
A) that D) that
B) who E) where
C) when
D) which
E) where
158
73- Our company has made a video to show us 79- It was almost 10 p.m ---- the rescue team
the security procedures ---- we should arrived.
follow.
A) which
A) when B) that
B) whose C) where
C) why D) when
D) which E) ----
E) where
80- The football star and coach Ruud Gullit says
74- 1989 was the year ---- the Berlin Wall, ---- had that he thinks football is like a fast-moving
stood as a symbol of the division of game of chess, in ---- you're required to think
Germany for almost thirty years, was pulled two or three steps ahead.
down.
A) where
A) when/which B) which
B) where/which C) whom
C) whose/why D) that
D) which/which E) what
E) why/that
81- The primary school period is the time ----
75- Zekiyes’s brother, on ---- directions we were parents should begin to teach their children
relying, hadn't drawn a very good map, so it to make some decisions on their own.
took us an hour to find the theatre.
A) that
A) which B) which
B) whom C) who
C) who D) how
D) whose E) where
E) where
82- The World Wildlife Fund is an organization
76- He'll tell us ---- his opinion is after he has ---- helps protect wildlife, especially
had a look at our project. endangered species.
A) why A) where
B) whose B) whose
C) what C) when
D) how D) which
E) which E) what
77- Our previous manager, ---- had been an 83- Despite his immense popularity and
English teacher for over fifteen years, has success, Mozart, ---- is considered by some
decided to open his own school. to be the greatest musical genius of all time,
died in great debt.
A) that
B) who A) when
C) which B) who
D) where C) whom
E) when D) that
E) whose
78- There was a time ---- there were beaches
along the coast from Kadıköy to Kartal in 84- At first, there was a problem with the hotel
İstanbul, but now this area has been turned room, for ---- the tour operator apologised
into a coast road and footpaths. and gave us a small refund.
A) whose A) whom
B) what B) when
C) how C) where
D) which D) that
E) when E) which
159
85- The Cyrillic alphabet, ---- is used for writing 91- ---- fascinates me most about the ancient
some Slavic languages such as Russian and Inca civilizations of South America is the
Bulgarian, has now been adopted by several way they built their cities on mountain tops.
members of the former USSR.
A) How
A) which B) What
B) that C) Which
C) whom D) Why
D) where E) That
E) when
92- Dance forms, having probably taken
86- The 9th century Greek missionary St Cyril, centuries to develop, reflect the customs of
with ---- the Cyrillic alphabet is associated, the society ---- they have evolved.
probably did not develop this alphabet
himself, but it was more likely devised later A) for what
by his followers. B) in which
C) how
A) which D) that
B) where E) whom
C) whom
D) ---- 93- The German town Regensburg, ---- lies at the
E) when point ---- the river Regen flows into the river
Danube, is famous for its sausages.
87- The dance known in the West as the belly
dance, ---- probably originated in Persia, is a A) where/which
popular dance form in Middle Eastern B) whose/which
countries. C) which/whose
D) that/----
A) whom E) which/where
B) that
C) where 94- Our local shop, ---- sells ice-cream and
D) which baklava, makes everything ---- it sells at the
E) when shop.
88- Salzburg city in Austria, ---- the great A) that/where

composer Mozart was born in, is known for B) when/that
its musical heritage and hosts the annual C) which/ ----
Salzburg Festival of Music. D) who/which
E) where/whom
A) when
B) ---- 95- Deciding ---- to choose to play the main
C) which character in the film was a very difficult task.
D) where
E) that A) where
B) whom
89- The coastal village ---- we spent our holiday C) when
in this year was so beautiful that we are D) how
planning to go there again next year. E) that
A) which 96- The shop ---- we eventually found the type of

B) how barbecue we were looking for is just around
C) when the corner from our house.
D) what
E) where A) which
B) that
90- The top student, ---- the teacher had C) who
expected to score the best mark on the test D) where
again, actually only just managed to pass it. E) when
A) whom
B) when
C) whose
D) which
E) where
160
97- The Hippopotamus, ---- eyes and nostrils are 103- I wonder ---- the overriding factors were that
high on its head to allow it to stay in water led to such an unconventional decision.
for long periods, is largely an aquatic animal.
A) why
A) who B) what
B) that C) when
C) which D) how
D) where E) whether
E) whose
104- The World Cup fans pelted policemen with
98- Henry Fonda was a film star ---- began his stones after a police motorist, ---- had tried
career as a stage actor. to force through a crowd, struck and injured
a supporter.
A) whose
B) which A) which
C) when B) that
D) where C) who
E) who D) ----
E) when
99- The number of people living in Scotland ----
can speak the native Celtic language of 105- The River Danube, ---- flows through
Scottish Gaelic is now only 80,000. Germany, Austria, Hungary, Serbia, Romania
and borders Slovakia, Croatia, Bulgaria and
A) who Ukraine, is the longest and most important
B) where river in Central Europe.
C) when
D) which A) that
E) ---- B) When
C) where
100- Nova Scotia, located on the east coast of D) whose
Canada, ---- name means New Scotland, has E) which
the largest number of Scottish Gaelic
speakers outside Scotland. 106- From the Black Forest ---- it rises, the
Danube flows a distance of 2,850 kilometres
A) which to the Black Sea.
B) where
C) whose A) when
D) that B) why
E) whom C) which
D) where
101- İstanbul is a city ---- you can literally see E) that
growing bigger and bigger with each year.
107- During the World Cup, dozens of officers
A) where patrolled the main avenue of Paris, ---- cafes
B) when overflowed with football fans.
C) who
D) which A) where
E) whose B) when
C) which
102- Every month the queues at the traffic lights D) that
on the way into Istanbul get longer and E) who
longer, ---- is extremely frustrating, and
people can't help wondering ---- it is going to 108- My brother Birol, one of ---- strongest fears
be like ten years from now. when he was young was of heights,
surprisingly, became a pilot.
A) where/how
B) which/what A) which
C) what/that B) whose
D) that/where C) when
E) how/which D) that
E) where
161
109- The chief advisor, by ---- the president had 115- The heart, ---- main function is to pump
been betrayed, had ambitions of becoming blood around the body, is greatly affected by
the president himself. the food we eat.
A) when A) where
B) which B) whose
C) where C) when
D) that D) which
E) whom E) that
110- Hawaii's soil, ---- is composed of volcanic 116- The original inhabitants of Hawaii were
lava, ash and sandy stone, is so fertile that it probably Polynesians, ---- sailed from the
yields eleven tons of sugar per acre, ---- the islands of South East Asia, perhaps as early
largest yield on Earth. as 400 AD.
A) that/that A) who
B) where/why B) where
C) what/which C) when
D) which/ ---- D) why
E) whose/where E) whose
111- She came from New England, ---- people 117- My friend Temel Ermiş, ---- words are always
chop their own wood, so she found breaking carefully-chosen, had never considered
down the door when they'd locked entering politics before.
themselves out very easy.
A) when
A) when B) where
B) why C) ----
C) whom D) which
D) where E) whose
E) which
118- Much of the pure gold that exists in the
112- My husband and I eat at the Draper's world is stored by governments in
restaurant ---- we go shopping in underground vaults, ---- it is kept under very
Shrewsbury. strict security measures.
A) whenever A) when
B) however B) which
C) wherever C) that
D) whichever D) whom
E) whoever E) where
113- Students ---- haven't yet collected their 119- It's estimated that in the 21st century
student identification cards are reminded seventy-five percent of the world's
that they have to do so before the end of the population will be living within one hundred
month. kilometres of the sea, ---- is frightening,
especially when we consider the
A) where environmental effects.
B) when
C) who A) what
D) why B) which
E) whose C) where
D) that
114- Her father disappeared when she was a child E) when
and she spent the rest of her life wondering
---- he was like. 120- The Earth, ---- resources are limited, should
be respected and cared for; otherwise, she
A) which will not be able to sustain the total world
B) when population.
C) how
D) what A) when
E) whether B) whom
C) which
D) whose
E) that
162
121- I know I’ve put my passport in a place ---- I 128- The conditions for the labourers ---- working
thought it would be safe, but now I can't at Brazil's gold mines, ---- 78 tons of gold are
remember it. mined each year, are very poor.
A) which A) who/when
B) that B) that/which
C) where C) which/that
D) ---- D) ---- /where
E) when E) whose/how
122- My son will have to catch a bus in order to 129- Even on New Year's Eve, ---- most of us are
get to the school ---- he's enrolled in. celebrating, the ambulance service staff are
working.
A) what
B) how A) where
C) ---- B) when
D) where C) which
E) why D) whom
E) that
123- Even the people travelling around the world
and working abroad, eventually feel a 130- The Jurassic period, from 190 to 136 million
longing for the country in ---- they grew up. years ago, was the period during ---- most of
the major groups of dinosaurs evolved.
A) where
B) which A) when
C) how B) that
D) that C) which
E) whose D) why
E) what
124- When our car broke down on the way to
Ankara, the mechanic ---- helped us knew 131- Nobody knew ---- in İstanbul she was from,
exactly ---- the problem was. but we assumed it had to be Bebek because
that's where her aunt lived.
A) whom/which
B) that/when A) how
C) which/how B) hom
D) ---- /where C) what
E) who/what D) when
E) where
125- The story ---- I was told by Seçil last night
was really funny. 132- The film Great Expectations is based on the
novel by Charles Dickens, with ---- work I am
A) that quite familiar.
B) who
C) why A) whom
D) when B) which
E) where C) that
D) whose
126- Everybody was shocked at the news about E) what
the murdered simit seller, especially
because no one knew ---- he was killed for. 133- Our psychology professor has a strange
theory as to ---- football violence is
A) how increasing.
B) where
C) why A) whose
D) what B) why
E) whether C) that
D) what
127- In the picnic area, we found a shady bank ---- E) which
we stopped and ate our sandwiches.
A) where
B) what
C) when
D) which
E) that
163
134- Our defeat, for ---- some players blame 140- There are many daily newspapers in
themselves, was caused by bad luck and not England, many of ---- are owned by two large
by our lack of capabilities. media companies.
A) whom A) that
B) which B) what
C) where C) whom
D) why D) which
E) what E) where
135- The students ---- had enrolled for the course 141- lt is doubtful ---- my cousin will ever walk
were disappointed when they found out that again, because of the accident.
it had been cancelled.
A) how
A) which B) that
B) whose C) who
C) whom D) whom
D) that E) only if
E) when
142- There are fifty different Chinese dialects, ----
136- The result of our first match in the World only seven are considered major.
Cup was not ---- we were hoping for.
A) where
A) when B) whose
B) ---- C) by whom
C) what D) about what
D) where E) of which
E) why
143- Mandarin, by far the largest Chinese dialect,
137- Their existing customers, several of ---- were is spoken by the Han people, ---- constitute
very interested in the new product, were ninety percent of the population of China.
invited to a presentation.
A) whose
A) which B) whom
B) whom C) which
C) that D) that
D) where E) who
E) whose
144- Begun in 1078, the Tower of London, ----
138- All of our current customers, ---- showed an many famous people were imprisoned,
interest in the new product, attended the executed or murdered, is one of London's
meeting. most popular tourist attractions.
A) when A) when
B) that B) which
C) who C) that
D) where D) where
E) whose E) who
139- Under present law in the USA, owners of 145- The best thing about his holiday to France
property are free to leave it to ---- they was ---- he was alone.
choose when they die.
A) why
A) whomever B) how
B) whichever C) that
C) however D) when
D) whatever E) if
E) wherever
164
146- The Spratly Islands, ---- lie in the South 152- Murat is a talented cricket player ---- abilities
China Sea, are claimed by China, Brunei, include fast bowling and powerful batting.
Malaysia, the Philippines, Vietnam and
Taiwan. A) where
B) whose
A) which C) whom
B) whose D) when
C) that E) of which
D) where
E) when 153- Eastern Rwanda is very different from the
South-west, ---- monkeys, birds and orchids
147- A speedy response by life savers is thrive in the high altitude primary forest.
essential in the icy waters of the Arctic ---- it
is a race against time to save victims at sea. A) when
B) where
A) which C) which
B) of whom D) why
C) whose E) of whom
D) where
E) what 154- Wednesday is the day ---- a tour guide leads
a tour around the town's historical places.
148- I had lunch with Ayşe Özden, ---- son owns
the shoe factory in our town. A) when
B) which
A) whom C) whose
B) which D) where
C) --- E) how
D) what
E) whose 155- Doura Europos, ---- is perched on a hill high
above the river, is one of the most dramatic
149- It is still a mystery ---- Kenan’s shoes are, castles lining the Euphrates.
but he's probably forgotten about them
anyway. A) what
B) when
A) where C) where
B) how D) which
C) when E) who
D) which
E) whose 156- Robert Riva, an Italian ---- used to play for
Cremonese, now coaches the Reigate under
150- Liquorice, ---- contains clycyrrhetic acid, was 11's football team.
a favourite ingredient of ancient Egyptian
medicines. A) when
B) which
A) who C) where
B) when D) whom
C) which E) who
D) where
E) why 157- In the end, my sister's husband, ----
steadfast determination never faltered,
151- Robert Holden, ---- wrote 'Happiness Now', became a wealthy businessman.
was the founder of Britain's first laughter
clinic. A) when
B) whose
A) who C) that
B) when D) whom
C) where E) of which
D) ----
E) how
165
158- For 65 years, the hermit Anthony lived in a 164- She simply couldn't believe ---- a lot of
cave ---- cut into a narrow ledge on the Al money we had spent to finance her business
Galua mountain in Egypt. mistakes.
A) how A) such
B) what B) who
C) who C) why
D) whose D) what
E) ---- E) how much
159- Sydney this autumn, ---- the Olympic games 165- Fewer chicks survive in years ---- lemmings,
took place, was host to approximately two ---- make up the diet of the snowy owl, are
million visitors. sparse.
A) when A) what/where
B) which B) why/how
C) how C) when/that
D) that D) that/which
E) whose E) which/who
160- I don't think I'll be going out much next 166- Everyone at the meeting yesterday, ----
month as the tires ---- are quite expensive, proved very constructive, showed their
need replacing on my car. support for the new stadium.
A) which A) that
B) that B) when
C) where C) who
D) when D) which
E) why E) where
161- The new batsman, ---- everybody believes 167- The other day ---- Druids gather at their
will strengthen the team, played superbly in religious sites is Midwinter's day, ---- is the
yesterday's match. shortest day of the year.
A) whose A) when/which
B) where B) which/when
C) whom C) where/what
D) why D) whom/where
E) that E) that/that
162- The little bay, ---- a small boat brings 168- The town ---- the folk festival is taking place
provisions daily in fine weather, cannot be is usually a quiet resort.
reached by road.
A) when
A) which B) where
B) where C) whom
C) what D) which
D) whose E) what
E) when
169- Our hotel, ---- is a converted 17th century
163- 20th June, Midsummer's day, ---- is the manor house, is very comfortable.
longest day of the year, is one of the days on
---- religious leaders called Druids meet and A) where
pray at ancient stone circles. B) whose
C) which
A) that/why D) when
B) where/where E) that
C) when/when
D) why/ ---- 170- As a celebrity ---- many children admire, it is
E) which/which important for her to act responsibly.
A) when
B) where
C) whom
D) which
E) whose
166
171- We always hold a family barbecue in our 177- Cornwall, ---- beaches and rocky coves
garden on Independence Day, ---- was on a attract tourists from the UK and abroad, is
Tuesday this year. one area to consider for your new hotel.
A) what A) which
B) that B) whose
C) when C) when
D) which D) of whom
E) where E) why
172- There is a place on the form ---- we are 178- During summer months, ---- snow only
supposed to write comments in, but they remains on the highest peaks, very few
haven't left enough room for us to write tourists come to St Moritz.
much at all.
A) where
A) why B) which
B) what C) when
C) when D) why
D) where E) whose
E) which
179- The only hairdresser ---- Duygu trusts to cut
173- Gigi Fernandez, ---- was born in Porto Rico, her hair is Berrin.
won the Wimbledon Championship four
times in the 1990s. A) which
B) when
A) where C) where
B) that D) ---
C) when E) how
D) whom
E) who 180- On the days ---- I feel I need to reflect on the
past and plan my future, I sit by the river and
174- When I was at school, there was a girl in my watch the swans swim past.
class ---- skin was so sensitive that she
couldn't expose her skin to the sun even A) when
with cream on. B) Where
C) whose
A) where D) whom
B) whose E) which
C) whom
D) which 181- Mum asked me ---- gloves I had borrowed the
E) that previous day.
175- ---- he can go to Germany or not depends on A) where

how much money he has saved. B) whose
C) when
A) If D) why
B) That E) that
C) Whom
D) Where 182- One of the greatest leaders of all time was
E) Whether Ghandi, ---- peaceful rebellion against
imperialism gained him respect at home and
176- We'll row until the spot ---- the river bends abroad.
and then we'll turn back.
A) where
A) where B) whom
B) whose C) who
C) when D) whose
D) which E) when
E) ----
167
183- ---- you need to run this office smoothly is 189- The teachers ---- negligence resulted in the
an efficient assistant. You can't do all the boy being left behind in France have been
work yourself, can you? suspended.
A) Which A) whose
B) What B) why
C) When C) that
D) Where D) whom
E) How E) of which
184- I can't imagine ---- she wants to go to 190- My mother's Elvis Presley tape, ---- she
Canada in the winter. listened to every day, has broken in the
music centre.
A) what
B) who A) whose
C) where B) that
D) why C) where
E) which D) when
E) which
185- One of the contestants ---- reached the final
solved the puzzle in only twenty-three 191- The only reason ---- she stayed at the
seconds. company was the additional money she was
offered.
A) whose
B) whom A) which
C) that B) where
D) where C) whose
E) which D) whom
E) why
186- Have you got any idea ---- everything is so
expensive in this shop? 192- Unfortunately, the friend with ---- I intended
to go on holiday to Side is ill, so I'll have to
A) why cancel my trip.
B) that
C) what A) who
D) how B) whom
E) which C) where
D) that
187- The new traffic system in the city, ---- E) which
reserves one lane for cars with more than
one person in, has reduced congestion 193- According to the research, the time at ----
considerably. most road accidents happen is early
evening.
A) that
B) why A) when
C) where B) which
D) when C) whose
E) which D) that
E) ---
188- The academy, ---- students from all over the
world can learn English, has a number of 194- Retirement, during ---- people have plenty of
flexible courses. free time, should be a time of enjoyment and
relaxation.
A) when
B) where A) whose
C) whom B) that
D) which C) which
E) that D) when
E) what
168
195- As a retired person, the place in ---- my 202- Yasemin, a short, frail girl, ---- neither
mother spends the most time is the garden. captain wanted in his team, burst into tears.
A) that A) whom
B) who B) which
C) where C) ---
D) which D) why
E) what E) whose
196- In the end, we chose the restaurant ---- menu 203- Isadora Duncan, ---- dance techniques
looked the most interesting. revolutionised ballet, had a tragic personal
life.
A) where
B) that A) whose
C) whom B) where
D) when C) whom
E) whose D) when
E) which
197- The police are trying to find out ---- was
blackmailing the victim. 204- Thanks to modern technology, people ----
steal from shops can be identified using
A) when closed circuit television.
B) that
C) whom A) which
D) who B) when
E) what C) who
D) where
198- A noun clause reverses the syntax of your E) what
sentence to the point ---- nobody can easily
understand ---- you're talking about. 205- Our reporter is going to ask them ---- the
effects of the new taxation will be.
A) why/when
B) that/why A) where
C) what/where B) what
D) how/what C) which
E) where/what D) why
E) who
199- The new stadium, ---- will be completed next
year, will seat 30,000 spectators. 206- When I unpacked my suitcase, I was upset to
find that the vase ---- I had bought at the
A) what market in Portugal as a gift for my mother
B) where was broken.
C) when
D) how A) what
E) which B) who
C) when
200- Blenheim Palace, ---- Churchill was born, is D) which
now open to the public. E) where
A) when 207- The Queen gave out medals for services to

B) where the community, most ---- were given to
C) which famous people.
D) that
E) whose A) that
B) for whom
201- Both modern philosophy and modern C) ----
mathematics began with the work of Rene D) where
Descartes, ---- analytic method of thinking E) of which
focused attention on the problem of how we
know.
A) where
B) when
C) which
D) whose
E) whom
169
208- Goldau, a small Swiss town ---- a landslide 215- Galileo, ---- published works proving that the
took place in 1806, is now called Neu-Goldau Earth revolves around the Sun, continued
and consists merely of a few houses. his scientific experiments even when he
went deaf and blind.
A) when
B) where A) when
C) which B) who
D) what C) where
E) whose D) which
E) whose
209- While studying etymology, I learned ---- the
word "admiral" in English comes from Arabic. 216- The children ---- sang at the Mayor's parade
were from the local school.
A) whose
B) what A) whose
C) where B) ---
D) which C) where
E) that D) who
E) whom
210- St Andrews, a Scottish town ---- golf course
is one of the oldest in the world, is the host 217- All his staff, ---- he had good relations,
for this year's British Open Golf admired him greatly.
Championship.
A) of which
A) whose B) that
B) for whom C) where
C) with which D) with whom
D) that E) whose
E) when
218- Genghis Khan, ---- name means 'very mighty
211- I'm glad that the snacks ---- we served at the ruler', was a Mongol emperor in the Middle
reception were very popular with the guests. Ages.
A) where A) whom
B) what B) whose
C) --- C) who
D) whom D) what
E) how E) how
212- There is now a radio station, called 219- Leopald Grielin's 'Handbuch der Chemie",
'Talksport', ---- broadcasts sports twenty- ---- originally written in German, was
four hours a day. translated into English in the 1876s.
A) where A) where
B) who B) whom
C) whose C) that
D) when D) ----
E) which E) which
213- Discus throwing is an athletic discipline ---- 220- Today ethnic Ainus, ---- are the aboriginal
tests strength and agility. inhabitants of Japan, are only found in the
extreme north of the country and on a few
A) that scattered islands belonging to Russia.
B) what
C) when A) whom
D) where B) for whom
E) how C) who
D) of which
214- Barbara Cartland, ---- light-hearted romantic E) whose
novels were popular, died earlier this year.
A) whose
B) whom
C) which
D) what
E) of which
170
221- The greatest number of Native American 228- We stood at the Grand Canyon looking down
Indians are Navajos, one sixth ---- still live in into the cleft below, ---- the Colorado river
traditional one-room houses called Hogans. continues to carve deeper and deeper into
the Earth's crust.
A) for which
B) in which A) when
C) for whose B) how
D) with whom C) which
E) of whom D) where
E) that
222- Castle Combe, ---- Dr Doolittle was filmed, is
considered the prettiest village in England. 229- The transport secretary has announced that
over the next ten years, 180 million pounds
A) about what will be spent on transportation, some ---- will
B) in which pay for the new railway system.
C) with whom
D) of whose A) for whom
E) whom B) for what
C) ----
223- There are about thirty workshops on the new D) of which
industrial estate, half ---- are still empty. E) that
A) from whom 230- The complex in the Forbidden City,Beijing,

B) where has an outer palace, ---- emperors held
C) of which official audiences, and an inner palace, ----
D) what served as living quarters for the imperial
E) that family.
224- We will always remember this as the day ---- A) that/where

we won our first match as a team. B) ---- /when
C) whose/that
A) whom D) which/ ----
B) what E) where/which
C) that
D) where 231- Noel helped the old woman, ---- could barely
E) which walk, board the plane.
225- Nothing could stop the mud slide, ---- tore A) who
down houses as if they were made of match B) when
sticks. C) where
D) whose
A) which E) that
B) where
C) when 232- Hundreds of people have been evacuated
D) who from the town, many ---- will spend the night
E) that under the stars.
226- The police are searching the area ---- the boy A) for which
was last seen. B) whose
C) of whom
A) which D) in which
B) where E) with whom
C) that
D) how 233- There is much less traffic in the city ---- the
E) who children are on holiday from school.
227- Tiger Woods, ---- the favourite to win the A) which

event, is placed second at the moment. B) when
C) that
A) that D) why
B) whose E) whose
C) ----
D) where
E) who
171
234- He managed to land the hot air balloon at a 241- Why don't you ask her ---- she likes to do
place ---- the land was flat and open. most and then arrange something?
A) when A) that
B) where B) when
C) whose C) who
D) what D) what
E) which E) why
235- The park is open to the public at no charge 242- Our managing director, ---- is Australian,
except for one weekend ---- the flower show misses the beaches and weather of his home
is held there. town.
A) when A) whom
B) where B) who
C) which C) that
D) whom D) ----
E) how E) which
236- "Don't run away. Stay ---- I can see you," the 243- There was a time ---- coal was mined in this
mother shouted to her children. valley, but now all that remains to. remind us
of those days is the 'Miners' Male Voice
A) which Choir'.
B) how
C) where A) what
D) why B) whose
E) when C) where
D) which
237- My sister has just bought the hairdresser's E) when
---- she has worked for since she was a
teenager. 244- Unlike many artists of his era, J.M.W. Turner,
---- entire life was devoted to his art, was
A) when successful throughout his career.
B) where
C) what A) ----
D) ---- B) whom
E) who C) when
D) which
238- He almost laughed when he was shown the E) whose
uniform ---- he is supposed to wear for work
at 'Fattie Arbuckles American Style Diner'. 245- Freckles, ---- are largely hereditary, are
caused by an uneven distribution of
A) when pigments.
B) which
C) where A) whom
D) whom B) that
E) why C) which
D) where
239- I had my first baseball glove in 1957, ---- my E) what
grandfather gave me one as a birthday
present. 246- 4.23 p.m. is the time ---- the tide here will be
at its highest.
A) which
B) what A) for which
C) ---- B) whose
D) whose C) where
E) when D) that
E) why
240- The philosopher ---- theories I am writing
went insane before he died.
A) about whose
B) for whom
C) with whom
D) in which
E) at which
172
247- County Air Ambulance is a charity ----

provides emergency medical services to
rural parts of the county.
A) which
B) why
C) what
D) where
E) how
248- Saygın, ---- brother I bought this car, is

starting to work at our company tomorrow.
A) from whose
B) where
C) for whom
D) when
E) about which
249- The meal, ---- we had paid twenty pounds,

was tasteless.
A) for whom
B) for which
C) about what
D) whose
E) ----
250- Walrus fur, ---- used by the Eskimos for

clothing, has a special oily texture ---- stops
it freezing.
A) that/when
B) which/ ----
C) ---- /that
D) who/where
E) whom/which
173
REDUCTION IN RELATIVE CLAUSES
1- This illness ---- to be caused by a virus 7- The best person ---- us some information
cannot be treated with antibiotics. about Cyprus is Şerife because she used to
live there.
A) believing
B) having believed A) to give
C) to have believed B) given
D) to believe C) being given
E) believed D) have given
E) to be given
2- The boy ---- by the dog was given an
injection against rabies. 8- The player, ---- this opponent on two
previous occasions, is quite confident of
A) biting victory tomorrow.
B) to have bitten
C) bitten A) beaten
D) to bite B) to beat
E) having bitten C) beating
D) having beaten
3- ---- from the thirteenth century, the 'Kızıl E) to have beaten
Kule', or 'Red Tower', in Alanya was very
skilfully restored in the 1950s. 9- The four students ---- to represent the
university during the inter-university
A) To date challenge were chosen yesterday.
B) Dating
C) Having dated A) to trust
D) To be dated B) having trusted
E) To be dating C) trusting
D) to be trusting
4- Every 5 YTL ---- to the charity will pay for one E) being trusted
tree to be planted as part of the city's tree
campaign. 10- In cycling, the best way ---- smooth, powerful
pedaling is to practise using low to moderate
A) given gears.
B) giving
C) to be giving A) to achieve
D) to give B) being achieved
E) having given C) achieved
D) be achieved
5- Peter, ---- by his children that it was a good E) to have achieved
idea, bought a puppy for them last weekend.
11- A reputable supplier ---- care to ensure high
A) to be persuaded standards is the best place to buy a
B) having been persuaded computer from.
C) having persuaded
D) persuading A) being taken
E) to persuade B) taken
C) taking
6- ---- goodbye to his brother, Hilmi watched D) to be taking
the train pull out of the station. E) to have taken
A) To wave 12- We have to find time ---- the songs for the
B) Being waved concert.
C) To be waving
D) Waving A) having practised
E) To have waved B) to be practised
C) practised
D) practising
E) to practise
174
13- ---- his proposal to the board of directors, 19- My father, ---- by the doctor, was prescribed
the young manager waited for their reaction some tablets and told to eat foods ---- little or
to it. no fat.
A) To have presented A) to be examined/having contained

B) Having presented B) to examine/to contain
C) To present C) having been examined/containing
D) Presented D) examining/contained
E) Being presented E) having examined/having been contained
14- Once almost extinct, the silver gray Hawaiian 20- I think the carpet ---- to me for my birthday is
Monk Seal, ---- since 1909, now lives in large handmade.
numbers in an area northwest of Hawaii.
A) to have given
A) having protected B) given
B) protecting C) to give
C) to be protecting D) having given
D) protected E) giving
E) to protect
21- Not ---- for more than twenty minutes, Nesrin
15- Marcus, ---- his law degree a few weeks ago, was certain that she hadn't got the job.
is now thinking of specialising in criminal
law. A) having been interviewed
B) having interviewed
A) having obtained C) interviewing
B) being obtained D) to be interviewed
C) to be obtained E) to have interviewed
D) obtaining
E) obtained 22- Gregory, not ---- of cigarette smoking,
always asks his guests to smoke outside on
16- ---- from the destruction of many forests, the balcony.
much of the Scottish Highlands is now
marshy wasteland. A) to approve
B) approved
A) To result C) approving
B) To have resulted D) to have approved
C) Result E) being approved
D) Resulted
E) Resulting 23- All of the people ---- in the accident were
immediately taken to hospital.
17- ---- English and Business at university,
Serkan is looking for a job in an import office A) injuring
of an international company. B) injured
C) to have injured
A) To study D) to injure
B) Studied E) having injured
C) Being studied
D) Having studied 24- It would be practical if we fitted some hooks
E) To have studied behind the door ---- our coats on.
18- What's the name of that new film ---- Brad A) hung
Pitt ? B) hanging
C) having hung
A) to have starred D) to be hung
B) starred E) to hang
C) to be starring
D) starring 25- Air France's jets, ---- specially for the World
E) having been starred Cup with designs featuring football stars,
transported the various teams around
France during the event.
A) to paint
B) painting
C) to be painted
D) painted
E) having painted
175
26- The first film ---- to a paying audience was 33- Ferdinand Marcos, ---- to leave the
made by two French brothers, Louis and Philippines after allegations of stealing
Auguste Lumiere. foreign aid and treasury money, died in exile
in Hawaii.
A) showing
B) having shown A) forcing
C) shown B) to force
D) be shown C) to have forced
E) to show D) having forced
E) forced
27- Not one of the stands ---- newspapers and
magazines near the ferry terminal stocks 34- One of the most controversial issues ----
English publications. lately is whether it should be legally
acceptable for a relative or doctor to help
A) to sell end the life of a terminally ill patient ----
B) having sold intense pain.
C) selling
D) sold A) discussing/suffered
E) to have sold B) discussed/suffering
C) being discussed/to suffer
28- All the electrical appliances ---- by that D) discuss/having suffered
company come with a plug already fitted. E) to discuss/suffer
A) having sold 35- Hawks, ---- eagles in the same bird family,
B) selling greatly range in size.
C) to sell
D) sold A) having resembled
E) to be selling B) to resemble
C) resembled
29- The only Englishman ever ---- Roman D) to have resembled
Catholic pope was Adrian IV in 1154. E) resembling
A) to be elected 36- Until the 20th century, the chief raisin

B) to elect producers were Turkey, Iran and Greece. By
C) electing mid-century, however, the United States had
D) been elected taken the lead in production, with Australia
E) having elected ---- second.
30- For weeks after the earthquake, there were A) ranking

many stories in the newspapers of people B) rank
---- their lives to help free those trapped C) to rank
under the rubble. D) be ranked
E) to have ranked
A) to have risked
B) to risk 37- This brand of orange juice is quite nice, but
C) had risked not as tasty as the freshly squeezed orange
D) risked juice ---- at our local supermarket.
E) having risked
A) to be sold
31- Not ---- the money, Nilüfer decided not to B) selling
accept the offer of extra work. C) sold
D) having sold
A) needed E) to have sold
B) to be needed
C) needing 38- The school ---- to me by my friend is offering
D) being needed new courses in September.
E) to need
A) having recommended
32- I can't think of an interesting topic ---- on for B) to be recommended
our school paper. C) recommending
D) recommended
A) to write E) to have recommended
B) writing
C) written
D) having written
E) to have written
176
39- Most of the people the police ---- about the 45- The two players ---- the most ability were
robbery ---- anything suspicious in the area. offered places at the youth club's summer
training scheme.
A) to question/not having seen
B) questioning/didn't see A) shown
C) having questioned/not to see B) to show
D) questioned/hadn't seen C) showed
E) to have questioned/not seen D) showing
E) to be shown
40- Formerly ---- as Siam, Thailand is one of the
most popular tourist spots in Asia. 46- Levent, ---- by his mother of the dangers of
walking on the thin ice, did not follow his
A) to know friends onto the frozen lake.
B) known
C) knowing A) having warned
D) knew B) to warn
E) having known C) having been warned
D) warning
41- The Koh-i-noor diamond, ---- to have been E) to be warned
taken from the rajah of Malwa in 1304,
measures 191 carats and is one of the most 47- Levent’s mother, ---- her son ever to walk on
famous diamonds in the world. the frozen lake, was very upset when Mrs
Serap told her she had seen the boys fooling
A) having believed around on the frozen water.
B) believed
C) believing A) having forbidden
D) to believe B) being forbidden
E) to have believed C) forbidden
D) forbade
42- Students ---- a foreign language can always E) to be forbidden
benefit from visiting the country whose
language they are trying to learn. 48- The bridge, ---- billions of dollars to build,
was designed as a toll bridge, for which
A) to study every motorist pays to cross.
B) studied
C) studying A) costs
D) to be studied B) to cost
E) being studied C) cost
D) having cost
43- The parts ---- to the garage by the supplier E) to have cost
were for a later model car, so we had to wait
for another two days for the correct ones to 49- The English ballet dancer, Margot Fonteyn,
arrive before they could repair our car. ---- by many for her excellent style, was
made a Dame of the Order of the British
A) to send Empire in 1956.
B) sending
C) sent A) to be admired
D) to be sent B) admired
E) having sent C) having admired
D) to admire
44- The professor ---- to Mrs Özlem over there is E) admiring
head of the history department at our
university. 50- The Great Wall of China, ---- 2,400 kilometres
along the Mongolian plateau, was built to
A) to be talked prevent invasions from the North.
B) talked
C) having talked A) extended
D) to talk B) to extend
E) talking C) to be extended
D) have extended
E) extending
177
51- The bright orange plastic sheet, ---- to serve 58- We leaned out of the window to watch the
as a picnic mat, seemed to attract every school children ---- down the street.
insect in the area.
A) marching
A) intending B) marched
B) to intend C) to be marched
C) intended D) to march
D) to be intended E) having marched
E) having intended
59- The Spanish fleet Armada was made up of
52- Gülçin, ---- herself for the delay, apologised 130 ships, ---- altogether 30,493 men, of
to everyone ---- in the project. whom 18,973 were soldiers.
A) blamed/involving A) carried
B) to blame/to involve B) carrying
C) being blamed/involve C) being carried
D) blaming/involved D) to carry
E) blames/having involved E) to have carried
53- Tuğba, ---- the play herself, was thrilled when 60- San Francisco, whose population increased
she watched the children perform it so well. from 200 to 30,000 after gold was
discovered, suffered from six great fires in
A) to be writing 1849 and 1850, ---- to the establishment of a
B) being written Fire Department.
C) to have written
D) written A) leading
E) having written B) have led
C) to be led
54- The fruit and vegetables ---- in supermarkets D) led
in Turkey are generally fresher and tastier E) to lead
than those on offer in the UK.
61- The training program, ---- by all of our new
A) to be found employees, covers the areas of safety,
B) have found company procedure and filing.
C) having found
D) to find A) undertaking
E) found B) undertook
C) having undertaken
55- The Blarney stone, ---- into the wall of D) to undertake
Blarney Castle in Ireland, is supposed to E) undertaken
bring an elegant command of words to
whoever kisses it. 62- The police officer ---- the thief was pushing
him into a police vehicle to be taken to the
A) to build station.
B) built
C) building A) to catch
D) having built B) to have caught
E) to have built C) caught
D) having caught
56- The train ---- from platform ten is the inter- E) being caught
city express to Southampton.
63- The excuse ---- by the company for not
A) left delivering the product on time was
B) leaves unbelievable.
C) leaving
D) to be left A) to give
E) being left B) having given
C) given
57- Sabriye, ---- a musical instrument since the D) to be giving
age of six, learns new tunes very quickly. E) giving
A) to play
B) played
C) being played
D) to be played
E) having played
178
64- ---- his sun cream at home, the man 71- ---- cheerfully in the spring sunshine, the
reluctantly bought a new bottle. paper boy handed her 'The Guardian'.
A) Left A) To sing
B) To be leaving B) To have sung
C) To leave C) Sung
D) Leaving D) Singing
E) Having left E) To be singing
65- We will need someone ---- our daughter 72- A scholar-explorer with an in-born love of
during the award ceremony. adventure, Richard Burton was the first
European ---- forbidden Muslim cities in
A) to be baby-sat Africa unharmed.
B) baby-sat
C) having baby-sat A) being penetrated
D) baby-sitting B) to penetrate
E) to baby-sit C) penetrated
D) penetrate
66- If you leave the letters ---- on my desk, I will E) to be penetrated
put them away first thing tomorrow morning.
73- All decisions ---- at this meeting will be
A) filing published in the club's quarterly bulletin.
B) to have filed
C) having filed A) made
D) to be filed B) to make
E) to be filing C) making
D) having made
67- Her husband, ---- a garage of his own, E) to be making
repairs her car for her.
74- ---- it to be certain that the horse was a
A) to have winner, the man bet his entire wages on it.
B) having
C) have A) To have believed
D) has B) To believe
E) to have had C) Believing
D) Believed
68- Various games ---- soccer have been played E) To be believed
for more than 2,000 years, probably starting
in China, but the modern game developed in 75- Yesterday the player, ---- with the singer for
England. some time, announced his engagement.
A) resembling A) linking
B) resembled B) to be linked
C) to resemble C) having linked
D) resemble D) linked
E) being resembled E) to link
69- ---- in a 'no-parking' zone, the boss's car 76- The vase, ---- for £2 in a jumble sale, was
was towed away. valued by the expert at £1500.
A) To be parked A) bought
B) Parking B) buying
C) Having been parked C) to buy
D) To be parking D) having bought
E) To park E) to be bought
70- The smartest way ---- situations like this is to 77- All the vegetables ---- on that farm are free
speak to the manager first. from chemicals.
A) approached A) grown
B) having approached B) having grown
C) approaching C) to grow
D) to be approached D) to be growing
E) to approach E) grow
179
78- The only non-violent sport ---- by the King of 85- ---- the required score in the qualifying
England was golf in the 1400s, when the round, the former champion will not take
King thought his soldiers weren't doing place in the final.
enough archery practice.
A) Not to reach
A) banning B) Not being reached
B) to ban C) Not having been reached
C) having banned D) Not having reached
D) to be banned E) Not to be reaching
E) to be banning
86- ---- in superstitions, İlkay walked confidently
79- Mehtap, ---- Italian, didn't enjoy the Opera as under the ladder.
much as Seniye did.
A) Not to believe
A) not being understood B) Not to be believing
B) not to understand C) Not believing
C) not to be understood D) Not believed
D) not understand E) Not believe
E) not understanding
87- All the people ---- to the committee are
80- ---- ten times as fast as the old printer, the experts in this subject.
new printer has made our office much more
efficient. A) appointing
B) having appointed
A) To print C) to appoint
B) Printing D) to be appointing
C) Being printed E) appointed
D) To be printed
E) Printed 88- It would be nice if I had someone ---- on to
look after the shop when we go on holiday.
81- ---- several competitions as an amateur, he
decided to play professionally. A) having relied
B) to rely
A) To win C) relied
B) Won D) to be relied
C) Having won E) relying
D) Being won
E) To be won 89- The sand on this beach, ---- specially from
Spain, is golden and not the black volcanic
82- Before the lecture, you'll be given some notes sand of most of the beaches on this island.
---- Freud's theory of the Ego and Alter Ego.
A) to bring
A) explaining B) bringing
B) to be explained C) having brought
C) explained D) brought
D) being explained E) to be bringing
E) having explained
90- Stockholm is a city of broad streets and
83- ---- of the dangers many times by his substantial buildings ---- of white granite,
mother, Cameron never swam in the river. brick or stone that give the city a clean,
uncrowded appearance.
A) To warn
B) Having been warned A) making
C) To have warned B) to make
D) Having warned C) made
E) To be warning D) having made
E) to be making
84- The bridge, ---- to the town by the
Horticultural Society in 1882, crosses the 91- None of the men ---- on the building site have
river from the road to the park. a work permit.
A) having given A) working

B) given B) work
C) to give C) being worked
D) giving D) worked
E) to be giving E) to be working
180
92- The dilemma in which he ---- himself now ---- 99- Paintings by Bartolome Murillo and Diego
whether to continue working and risk getting Velasquez, both ---- in Seville, may be found
poorer grades or give up his job and suffer throughout the city.
financially.
A) born
A) found/have been B) to be born
B) was finding/had been C) having born
C) will find/was D) being born
D) has found/were E) to have born
E) finds/is
100- Garlic, ---- since ancient times to have
93- Ramazan, who ---- from a chest pain for some medicinal properties, made up part of the
time now, ---- to see the doctor tomorrow. Egyptian pyramid-builders' rations.
A) was suffering/will go A) having believed

B) has been suffering/is going B) to believe
C) suffered/has been going C) to have believed
D) will suffer/has gone D) believed
E) is suffering/goes E) believing
94- Syria, ---- by Roman, Byzantine and Ottoman 101- The new Volvo four-wheel drive vehicle, ----
civilisations, has some striking architecture to function well on the country's worst
---- the influence of all the three. roads, costs £28,910.
A) to occupy/to have been reflecting A) having designed

B) occupying/to have reflected B) to be designing
C) to be occupying/being reflected C) designing
D) having been occupied/reflecting D) designed
E) having occupied/reflected E) to design
95- Those ---- for the coach to Sakarılıca Springs 102- The Swiss psychologist Jean Piaget was the
should proceed to the side door. first scientist ---- systematic studies of how
children learn.
A) to wait
B) waiting A) to be made
C) having waited B) made
D) to be waiting C) being made
E) waited D) be making
E) to make
96- The man ---- the ‘Tour de Eskişehir’ was
greeted by crowds of Turks ---- from various 103- Virtually everybody ---- on the show agreed
European countries. with the Prime Minister's decision.
A) to win/to have come A) interviewed

B) winning/coming B) to interview
C) having won/to come C) interviewing
D) to have won/come D) having interviewed
E) having won/to be coming E) to be interviewing
97- I'm sure I've seen the tall man ---- in the 104- The old boat, ---- in the family's barn, was
corner somewhere before. taken to İstanbul for re-launching.
A) to sit A) having been restored

B) having sat B) to restore
C) sitting C) to be restoring
D) sat D) to have been restoring
E) to be sitting E) having restored
98- The deer I ---- on my way to work was 105- Anyone ---- to Rwanda should contact their
wandering across the road. embassy about security procedures.
A) to hit A) to be travelling
B) was hit B) travelled
C) hit C) be travelling
D) to be hitting D) travel
E) hitting E) travelling
181
106- Henry the Minstrel, ---- as Blind Harry, wrote 113- Bears are farmed in China to provide bile, ----
a narrative poem of 11,000 lines about the in traditional Chinese medicine.
Scottish national hero, Sir William Wallace.
A) having used
A) knew B) be used
B) knowing C) using
C) having known D) to be using
D) to know E) used
E) known
114- Ruben Dario was regarded by many as the
107- Louis Bleriot, ---- the design of the best poet of his day ---- in modern Spanish.
monoplane, made the first cross-channel
flight on 25th July 1909. A) wrote
B) having written
A) improved C) written
B) to be improving D) writing
C) being improved E) to be written
D) having improved
E) to improve 115- Tablecloths, ---- over tables before eating,
not only provide a pleasant surface ---- on,
108- The British government, ---- to it as part of but also protect the table from damage.
the peace process in Northern Ireland,
released a murderer, Michael Stone, from A) spreading/eating
jail. B) to be spread/eat
C) spread/to eat
A) to agree D) to spread/having eaten
B) having agreed E) being spread/eaten
C) agreed
D) to be agreed 116- Mark Twain sprinkled his many works with
E) being agreed devastating satire, some of ---- aimed at
specific persons and places.
109- Michael Stone, ---- as part of the peace
process, wants to spend time with his family. A) them
B) which
A) to release C) what
B) releasing D) those
C) having been released E) it
D) to be releasing
E) having released 117- However, Twain's bitterest remarks were
those ---- at human nature and its
110- The mobile phone company ---- free institutionalized follies.
connection charges a lot for calls.
A) directing
A) being advertised B) having directed
B) advertising C) to be directed
C) to advertise D) to have directed
D) advertised E) directed
E) to be advertising
118- The first European ---- the Congo River from
111- The workers ---- to work all weekend stock- central Africa to the Atlantic Ocean was
taking were paid a bonus. Henry Morton Stanley.
A) having B) to have A) explored

C) had D) to be having B) to be explored
E) to have had C) being explored
D) to be exploring
112- The procedure ---- by the new manager E) to explore
seems to be working well.
119- Listen! The news story ---- on TV right now is
A) having introduced the one I was telling you about this morning.
B) to introduce
C) to be introducing A) being broadcast
D) introduced B) to broadcast
E) introducing C) having broadcast
D) to have broadcast
E) to be broadcast
182
120- The computer ---- yesterday doesn't work, so 126- There are about 315 species of fishes in the
I'm taking it back to the shop after work Bering Sea, ---- 50 deep-sea species, half of
today. ---- are caught for commercial purposes.
A) delivered A) including/which
B) delivers B) included/where
C) to deliver C) to include/what
D) delivering D) being included/that
E) to be delivered E) to be included/whose
121- The first sub-Saharan African colony ---- its 127- Saudi Arabia, one of the few absolute
freedom was the tiny Gold Coast, now monarchies ---- in the world, does not issue
Ghana, ---- became independent from Britain tourist visas, allowing in only foreigners ----
in 1957. there, as well as pilgrims.
A) having achieved/that A) left/working

B) to be achieved/what B) having left/work
C) achieving/where C) being left/worked
D) to achieve/which D) to have left/to work
E) achieved/when E) leaving/to be working
122- Birds such as pigeons, ---- to find their way 128- Anyone ---- by bloody scenes of war can
home from thousands of miles away, can do leave the room, because I'm determined to
so by using magnetic fields. listen to the news.
A) known A) having disgusted

B) knowing B) to disgust
C) to know C) disgusted
D) to be known D) disgusting
E) having known E) to have disgusted
123- Fast foods, ---- lots of sugar, fat and salt, are 129- Among the minerals ---- in Turkey are iron
one of the main causes of obesity. ore, chrome, copper, lead, zinc and
manganese.
A) containing
B) to contain A) to be mining
C) contained B) having mined
D) being contained C) mining
E) having contained D) to have mined
E) mined
124- Rob Lowe, ---- later got into quite a few legal
troubles, was part of a group of young 130- A sea of the western Pacific Ocean, the
actors ---- the "brat pack". Yellow Sea takes its name from the colour of
the silt-laden water ---- into it from major
A) who/nicknamed Chinese rivers.
B) that/to nickname
C) which/nicknaming A) flowing
D) whom/being nicknamed B) to flow
E) when/to be nicknamed C) flowed
D) being flowed
125- The Panama Canal, ---- the Atlantic and E) to be flowed
Pacific oceans, is often called the "Big
Ditch". 131- Polo is a game ---- on horseback using long
mallets to drive a ball into the opponents'
A) to be connecting goal.
B) connected
C) being connected A) played
D) connecting B) to play
E) to be connected C) playing
D) having played
E) being played
183
132- The poisons ---- by fungi such as molds and 138- The thoroughbred, ---- from Arabian
mushrooms are among the most toxic stallions, is a comparatively new breed of
substances known. horse.
A) to be produced A) descended
B) produced B) to have descended
C) having produced C) to descend
D) to produce D) to be descended
E) producing E) descend
133- The clarinet, an instrument ---- in the early 139- The two people ---- at the moment are the
18th century, was the last of the woodwinds best tennis players in the club.
---- the orchestra.
A) to be played
A) to be invented/joined B) playing
B) inventing/being joined C) played
C) to invent/joining D) having played
D) having been invented/join E) to be playing
E) invented/to join
140- The Caldecott Medal, ---- annually in the
134- Scientists in New Zealand have succeeded in United States for the most distinguished
growing vegetables in soil ---- was extracted picture book for children, was named after
from a meteorite ---- in 1998. the English artist Randolph Caldecott.
A) which/found A) to award
B) when/to be found B) awarding
C) where/being found C) awarded
D) that/finding D) to be awarding
E) what/to find E) award
135- Anyone ---- to master a musical instrument 141- Chaucer's Canterbury Tales, ---- in the 14th
should be prepared to devote long hours to century, are difficult to understand in their
practising it. original form for most English speakers
today.
A) to want
B) wanted A) wrote
C) be wanted B) having written
D) wanting C) to write
E) having wanted D) to be written
E) written
136- Snow leopards, once ---- all over the
Himalayas, have been hunted almost to 142- The Sherpa climber Tenzing Norgay was the
extinction. first person ---- the top of Mount Everest.
A) finding A) having reached

B) having found B) to be reached
C) found C) reached
D) to find D) to reach
E) find E) reach
137- Customers ---- a new computer this week will 143- The painter Courbet, truthfully ---- ordinary
get a 10% discount and a free mouse pad. places and people, started and dominated
the French movement toward realism.
A) to purchase
B) being purchased A) to portray
C) purchasing B) portrayed
D) to be purchased C) portraying
E) to have purchased D) being portrayed
E) having been portrayed
184
144- Two Italian aid workers ---- in Iraq were 150- Some lizards have a third eye ---- the pineal,
eventually freed unharmed. ---- may help control how much sun the
animal gets.
A) to kidnap
B) to be kidnapped A) to call/-----
C) kidnapping B) called/which
D) having kidnapped C) calling/when
E) kidnapped D) being called/where
E) to be called/that
145- The summer reading list, specially ---- by the
teachers, is designed to provide students 151- If orders continue to come in at this rate,
with stimulating reading over the holiday. we'll definitely need to hire a few more
employees ---- them.
A) selected
B) to select A) meeting
C) to be selecting B) met
D) selecting C) having met
E) having selected D) to meet
E) to have met
146- There are shops in China and Japan ---- sell
only hand fans, and in some places, they are 152- I guess that vase ---- over there is mine. Can
still widely used in buildings not ---- by air- I have a look at it, as I seem to have noticed
conditioning. a crack on its rim?
A) which/cooling A) wrapping
B) where/being cooled B) to be wrapping
C) that/cooled C) having wrapped
D) when/to cool D) to have wrapped
E) who/to be cooling E) being wrapped
147- Saskatchewan, Canada, has the world's 153- The building, ---- after many years of neglect,
largest known source of potash, a is now one of the city's chief attractions.
compound ---- in fertilizer and other chemical
products. A) to be restored
B) having restored
A) to be using C) restoring
B) having used D) restoring
C) to have used E) restored
D) using
E) used 154- The politician, ---- for some time to have
been involved in financial irregularities, was
148- Percy Bysshe Shelley, the English lyric poet, arrested last night at his home.
was expelled from Oxford University for
writing a pamphlet ---- religion. A) to have said
B) having said
A) attacking C) to be said
B) to be attacked D) having been said
C) being attacked E) saying
D) to have attacked
E) attacked 155- The general, ---- that there was no way the
enemy could resist, launched what turned
149- Lisbon, the capital of Portugal, is a city with out to be a disastrous attack.
very different sections ---- from different
periods of its history. A) to be thought
B) thought
A) to date C) thinking
B) dating D) to think
C) dated E) to have thought
D) to have dated
E) having dated
185
156- Everyone ---- in Westminster Abbey made a 162- ---- that he would win a great deal of money,
contribution to the historical or cultural the young man walked innocently into the
advancement of Britain. casino, only to leave two hours later
completely broke.
A) to be burying
B) buried A) To have believed
C) burying B) To believe
D) to bury C) Believing
E) having buried D) Being believed
E) To be believed
157- Mr. Mustafa, ---- two jobs for more than 60
hours a week, tries hard to support his 163- If you give me the films ----, I will take them
family through the economic crisis. to the shop at lunchtime and pick them up
on my way home.
A) working
B) to be working A) to be developing
C) have worked B) to be developed
D) worked C) having developed
E) to work D) developing
E) developed
158- Coffee shops, ---- to İstanbul by two Syrian
brothers who were able to make their 164- My mother needs someone ---- care of her
fortunes and retire within a year or two, soon garden since she is getting so old.
became popular meeting places for
conversation and political argument. A) taking
B) to take
A) brought C) taken
B) bringing D) having taken
C) to be brought E) to be taken
D) having brought
E) to have brought 165- ---- to his own devices after his wife went
away, ---- the children with her, he quickly
159- The best way ---- sure your bills are paid on turned to a life of crime.
time is by paying them through direct debit.
A) Having left/to take
A) making B) Leaving/to be taken
B) to be made C) To be leaving/taken
C) having made D) To leave/took
D) to make E) Having been left/taking
E) made
166- The crops ---- by the settlers provided a
160- ---- up for adoption by his heartless mother good enough harvest for them to be able to
when he was only three years old, the boy survive their first winter.
was emotionally scarred for life.
A) planting
A) Having been put B) to be planting
B) To be putting C) planted
C) Putting D) having planted
D) To have put E) to plant
E) To be put
167- The rock star, ---- guilty of beating his wife,
161- Policemen ---- as drug addicts have recently was given a year in jail and a large fine.
arrested a number of drug dealers.
A) having found
A) being posed B) having been found
B) pose C) finding
C) posed D) to have found
D) to pose E) to be found
E) posing
186
168- The man ---- tea over there is the one you 175- The old clothes, ---- to charity by rich
need to talk to. residents of north London, were completely
unsuitable for refugees in the mountains of
A) to be drinking Pakistan.
B) drinking
C) drink A) to be donating
D) being drunk B) donating
E) drunk C) donated
D) to donate
169- ---- of massive blocks of granite, the E) having donated
pyramids of Giza would have been a wonder
of the world in any age. 176- ---- not to enter areas ---- by the rebels, we
decided to cancel a large part of our trip.
A) To be constructed
B) Constructed A) To be advising/controlling
C) To construct B) Having been advised/controlled
D) Having constructed C) Having advised/to control
E) Constructing D) To have advised/being controlled
E) Advised/to be controlling
170- These spices, ---- specially from India, are of
much higher quality than what you would 177- I recently read a book ---- the way in which
usually find in a supermarket. the Ottoman bureaucracy functioned.
A) to be importing A) to be described
B) having imported B) describing
C) importing C) describe
D) imported D) described
E) to import E) being described
171- The lovers needed a place ---- secretly so 178- ---- his money and his wife, he had no
that her parents would never find out. alternative but to try to begin all over again.
A) meeting A) To be lost
B) to be met B) Being lost
C) having met C) Lost
D) met D) To lose
E) to meet E) Having lost
172- Not everyone ---- to go on the dangerous 179- ---- harder than he had ever done before in
mission was happy about it. his life, he was able to finish the translation
just before the deadline.
A) chosen
B) to be choosing A) Concentrated
C) having chosen B) To be concentrated
D) to choose C) Being concentrated
E) chose D) Concentrating
E) To concentrate
173- Not ---- that the enemy was hidden inside the
wooden horse, the citizens of Troy 180- Not ---- the directions, we soon became
celebrated their supposed victory. hopelessly lost.
A) realising A) understood
B) realised B) understand
C) realise C) having understood
D) to be realising D) to understand
E) to realise E) to be understood
174- Not ---- the required percentage of the vote, 181- The last film ---- by Stanley Kubrick before
the new party was unable to claim any seats his death was Eyes Wide Shut, ---- Tom
in parliament. Cruise and Nicole Kidman.
A) to be reaching A) to be directed/starring
B) being reached B) to be directing/starred
C) having been reached C) to direct/to be starring
D) having reached D) having directed/being starred
E) to reach E) directing/having starred
187
182- None of the vegetables ---- in this market 189- The inventions of many people, such as
have been genetically modified. Thomas Edison and Alexander Graham Bell,
---- in the 19th century, continue to affect our
A) selling daily lives.
B) sold
C) having sold A) to have born
D) to sell B) being born
E) to be selling C) to be born
D) having born
183- The police have arrested several people in E) born
the neighbourhood ---- to sell drugs to
school children. 190- The man ---- cigarettes by himself in the
corner looks like a spy to me.
A) to be trying
B) trying A) to be smoking
C) tried B) smoked
D) try C) smoking
E) to try D) having smoked
E) to smoke
184- Everyone ---- agreed that the new system
would cause additional problems. 191- The game of cricket, ---- by fewer and fewer
people all the time in England, has fanatical
A) to be consulting followings in countries like India and
B) consulted Pakistan.
C) to consult
D) consulting A) to have been appreciated
E) having consulted B) to be appreciating
C) appreciated
185- Henry Ford did not invent the automobile, D) to appreciate
but he was the first person ---- affordable E) having appreciated
automobiles on an assembly-line.
192- Passengers ---- to Bahrain on Gulf Air flight
A) manufactured GF007 should proceed immediately to the
B) be manufacturing departure lounge.
C) to manufacture
D) being manufactured A) travel
E) to be manufactured B) to have travelled
C) travelled
186- The new Metro station, ---- to open before the D) travelling
end of the year, is nowhere near finished yet. E) having travelled
A) to predict 193- India and Pakistan, ---- by Britain, still have

B) to be predicted excellent English language newspapers ----
C) having predicted by well-educated people.
D) predicting
E) predicted A) colonised/reading
B) having been colonised/read
187- Beer, ---- from grain and yeast just like C) having colonised/to read
bread, was discovered by both the ancient D) to be colonising/being read
Egyptians and the ancient Mesopotamians. E) to colonise/having been read
A) produced 194- Anyone ---- in a foreign country should be

B) producing aware of the laws ---- work permits and
C) to produce taxation.
D) to have produced
E) having produced A) having worked/concern
B) be working/having concerned
188- ---- , the apartment is now being rented to a C) worked/to concern
rich foreigner. D) working/concerning
E) to be working/concerned
A) Having renovated
B) To have been renovating
C) To be renovating
D) To renovate
E) Having been renovated
188
195- These pills, ---- only on prescription, should

not be taken without consulting a doctor.
A) sold
B) to be selling
C) be sold
D) selling
E) having sold
196- The new textbook, ---- by the teachers, is

specially designed for the course they teach.
A) writing
B) written
C) to be writing
D) to write
E) having written
197- ---- three times in the past, Mandy is not

enthusiastic about embarking on a new
marriage.
A) Marrying
B) To marry
C) To be married
D) Having been married
E) To have married
198- ---- drastic price cuts, the company was

embarrassed to find that it could not sell its
products even for the lowered prices.
A) Being advertised
B) To advertise
C) Having been advertised
D) Having advertised
E) To be advertising
199- --- out of prison early for good behaviour,

Jake tried to avoid his old friends from the
criminal world.
A) Letting
B) Be letting
C) Having been let
D) To have let
E) To be letting
200- Both sides, ---- that further fighting would

get them nowhere, agreed to the cease-fire.
A) to be persuading
B) to persuade
C) persuade
D) persuading
E) persuaded
189
RELATIVE CLAUSES (CÜMLE TAMAMLAMA)
1- What I consider to be the best way to spend 6- She would have received better service ---- .
Sunday ---- .
A) about whom she complained to the
A) when I normally relax and enjoy myself manager and demanded a refund
B) before I return to work on Monday morning B) until she learns how to be more demanding
C) is to go for a walk in the countryside about the things promised to her
D) which is my favourite day of the week C) if she had stayed at the hotel recommended
E) have made a real difference to my life to her by Julie
D) as soon as she noticed that the area wasn't
2- For some time now, Alice has been busy quiet at all
writing a play ---- . E) where she is planning to stay for the first
week of her holiday
A) which she intends to start when she's
graduated from university 7- The owners of the pension, who are known
B) that will be performed at the end-of-term for their hospitality, ---- .
festival
C) which was a lot better than her previous A) even gave us a lift to the start of the hiking
works trail
D) who had been devoting her every spare B) which was definitely more than they had to
minute to it for three years do
E) whose favourite subject in high school had C) until they suffered some financial difficulties
always been literature D) having built up their business from almost
nothing
3- Ellis Island is a small island, lying southwest E) which, nowadays, is a very rare quality
of Manhattan, ---- . indeed
A) who built a monument there, which is now a 8- ---- which need to be continually practised
tourist attraction so that fluency will remain stable.
B) famous for his role in writing the American
constitution A) She wanted to study medicine and
C) was once used as an American military eventually became a surgeon
base B) To become an accomplished musician and
D) where twelve million immigrants into the song writer
USA were processed C) Language skills, especially oral skills are
E) one of whose favourite places was the abilities
beach because of the tranquillity there D) The teacher gave us a long vocabulary list
to learn
4- ----, the cheapest of which charges fifty E) I must admit that my brothers are more
dollars per week. talented than me
A) I enjoy going to the weekly market to buy 9- Whatever the reason was for Schindler to
my fruit and vegetables save Jews from the Nazi death camps, ---- .
B) I have found out the prices of several car
hire firms A) they are known as the places where millions
C) Both of the hotels we have in this region of Jews were executed
D) I know how expensive it is to keep a pet dog B) whose story has been made into a feature
E) This cassette recorder is using a lot of film by Stephen Spielberg
batteries C) whom many Jews know that they owe their
lives to
5- Not willing to offer her grandchildren shop- D) it was an heroic act at a time when such
bought cakes, ---- . acts were extremely rare
E) which was found responsible for the deaths
A) she couldn't resist buying the fruit-cake she of millions of Jews
saw in the window of the bakery
B) I really like trying the new recipes I receive
from my neighbours
C) grandma knows that children like to buy lots
of junk when they are out
D) my mother spends hours in the kitchen
making them herself whenever we visit her
E) I phoned and told Mrs Green not to bother
trying to prepare some food for us
190
10- In 1992, about 131 billion dollars was spent 16- We would have attracted more people to the
on advertising in the USA, ---- . disco ---- .
A) that shows just how much cheaper goods A) that we ran out of food and drink
would be if they weren't advertised B) unless we plan to publicise the event well in
B) has doubled since 1970, when magazine advance
and newspaper advertising was much more C) part of which plays music by new artists
popular D) the disc jockey of whom is from Spain
C) is indicating a yearly increase of E) if we had advertised the event in the
approximately twenty percent newspaper
D) spending about thirty percent of this on
television and cinema advertising 17- Having finished all her housework for the
E) twenty-five percent of which was spent by day, ---- .
the top 100 national advertisers
A) her husband weeds the garden and mows
11- The town of Bolgar was a thriving centre of the lawn
commerce until, in 1237, the Mongols B) she sat down and had a cup of tea and
launched an attack, ---- . some cake
C) on which the scandal broke in the
A) with whom they signed a peace treaty newspapers
B) from which the town never recovered D) when she met her husband at the collage
C) in which we bought our souvenirs dance
D) Bulgar wheat comes from the same area E) which gets her oven particularly clean
E) who claimed the land for himself
18- The area is a breeding ground for African
12- The art of bronze casting in India reached its penguins, ---- .
full development in the South, ---- .
A) 40 percent of which were affected by the
A) for whom this elaborate perfume burner was recent oil spill
made in the year 1277 B) when the tanker hit the coast due to
B) whose pleasant colour makes it popular for adverse weather conditions
ornaments as well as for everyday utensils C) whose carelessness caused one of the
C) which became popular in France in the 18th biggest disasters of ever
century D) that was a greater number than we had
D) even though cannons were once made of it expected
E) where the art has flourished from the 10th E) to have been discovered by a Dutch
century until the present day explorer
13- This disease is absolutely incurable, ---- . 19- ----, it won't arrive before the deadline.
A) which explains the name meaning 'white A) When she received the results of her
blood' examinations
B) when his gland became enlarged B) Unless you send your application today
C) however early the diagnosis is made C) The more newspapers we advertise in
D) whom I know died of the disease D) She's flying out to Australia immediately
E) whose symptoms include anaemia and E) Because they feared getting stuck in traffic
haemorrhage
14- The manager thinks Susan is the calibre of 20- What I am looking for most in a school for
employee ---- . my daughter ---- .
A) for which he was very grateful A) was the broad range of both academic
B) the fact that he promoted her subjects and sports they taught
C) who are threatening to take strike action B) once I have received all the brochures I
D) who has management potential have sent for
E) the reason why she resigned C) during which she learnt a lot about the arts
D) is a balance between academic and
15- On board the plane were a total of 109 creative subjects
passengers, ---- . E) has one of the best reputations in our area
A) whose engines caught on fire

B) some of which were damaged
C) none of whom survived the crash
D) into which the plane collided
E) which caused this dreadful tragedy
191
21- In the 1980s, huge suburbs grew up around 26- ---- that we have never known about people,
İstanbul, ---- . places, and things.
A) that the population of the city grew by leaps A) Both fact and fiction books teach us
and bounds information
B) how much strain they put on public services B) A large bookstore has a great array of
C) to have been the capital of the Ottoman novels from which to choose
Empire until the foundation of the republic C) Learning would be impossible without
D) whose residents were mostly people from memory
the countryside D) Learning affects an individual's behaviour in
E) they were unplanned and without basic a number of ways
services E) It is curiosity about faraway places that
urges us to travel
22- ---- to be fought between imperial dynasties.
27- ---- which frequently involves using
A) No war since the First World War standard words but giving them different
B) Aeroplanes were used for the first time in and more colourful meanings.
World War I
C) Germany lost its colonies after World War I A) Context is vital to the understanding of
D) All of Europe was at war within a week of slang expressions
Austria's declaration of war B) Probably no two persons know exactly the
E) World War I was the last war same set of words
C) Subgroups in society create their own
23- In spite of having shown little promise as a specialized vocabularies, called argot
student, ---- . D) Every speaker pronounces at least some
words a little differently
A) it was just when he was about to graduate E) A standardized language may make
from high school communication easier
B) his teachers had all predicted an
unpromising future for him 28- Picasso's "Les Demoiselles d'Avignon"
C) he felt obliged to keep his promise once represents a major turning point in art ---- .
he'd made it
D) my brother has been a complete failure in A) that he made it under the influence of his
life fascination with primitive art and carvings
E) my cousin went on to found his own B) because it opened the door to cubism and
successful software firm the later abstract movement
C) who continued to work with incredible speed
24- I've always regretted never having met the and versatility into his 90s
person ---- . D) whose personal style had begun to form
before he settled in Paris in 1904
A) whether or not there would be a chance to E) while collage was a form used by some
B) who had so much influence on my father's 20th-century painters, including Braque and
life Picasso
C) unless he comes to the meeting as we had
arranged 29- The author led a quiet childhood with his
D) why we never seem to attend the same mother, ---- .
functions at all
E) that he introduced my parents to an entirely A) that had devoted herself to her son after her
different life husband's death
B) ever since his father was killed in a plane
25- ---- whose films are causing such a stir? crash
C) what was published earlier in the year
A) Have you got his phone number D) but far more attention was paid to his
B) Have you read the reviews memoirs
C) How unusual are they E) which he mentioned briefly in his
D) Isn't that the young director autobiography
E) Do you think it will win a prize
192
30- ----, when it was known as Virodunum. 35- ---- that has high levels of education, a
prosperous economy, low crime rates and a
A) The Citadel, in Verdun, is an old fortress calm political culture.
that has been restored as a war museum
B) Verdun is located in the fertile valley of the A) Some factors which are necessary for a
Meuse River country to develop
C) The Treaty of Verdun laid the foundations of B) There is only one country in Central
several modern European states America
D) Verdun is an ancient city dating back to C) In order to get a loan from the World Bank,
Roman times a country
E) Verdun is a strategic communications D) The more stable a country is
centre and a railroad junction E) There are a number of regions in the former
Soviet Union
31- Prehistoric people are known to have made
miniature human figures of stone or clay ---- . 36- In Byzantine times, Constantinople had a
system of reservoirs, aqueducts and
A) which was believed to use supernatural cisterns ---- .
powers
B) that sculpture entered into every aspect of A) which kept the city supplied with fresh water
primitive life B) if only there hadn't been so much drought
C) while painters took a leading role in the C) while it hasn't rained sufficiently
development of modern sculpture D) whether the city would have enough water
D) how it was used with great artistry by or not
primitive peoples E) when it doesn't rain enough during the
E) that were apparently used as magic charms summer
in religious ceremonies
37- In Europe, most people get three weeks or
32- It was obvious right from the beginning of one month of annual vacation, ---- .
the journey ---- .
A) when they work so hard during that time
A) which makes all the passengers worry B) who also have several shorter ones during
about their safety the year
B) just when he said he would give up and C) but workers in Japan are lucky if they get a
return to the camp week
C) that it wouldn't be easy to drive in such D) since new countries are joining all the time
heavy rain E) while the European Union is expanding
D) which was to be made over rough terrain rapidly
E) how long it has taken to get to our
destination 38- Representatives from all over the world met
in Rio De Janeiro in 1992 ---- .
33- Richard Branson is planning to start a space
service ---- . A) who were interested in the environment
B) that they could reverse global warming
A) that will take tourists into outer space C) what were the ways in which drug
B) the fact that it will begin in 2007 smuggling could be combatted
C) if it was proven to be successful D) to discuss ways to combat climate change
D) until it becomes less risky than it is now E) whose ideas were the best to prevent global
E) as it will be very expensive warming
34- Joining a club or society at university gives 39- ----, where four languages are already
you a chance ---- . spoken.
A) where you can't have any time to relax A) English has gradually replaced French as
B) to meet other people with similar interests the most commonly used international
C) talking to other people who are interested in language
the same thing B) English is increasingly being used in
D) as if you might actually meet a suitable Switzerland
spouse there C) It is possible to learn to speak English
E) whether you are really interested or not reasonably well in a year if you persevere
D) In Japan, people spend a great deal of
money trying to learn English
E) Not so many people used to speak English
193
40- ----, which is eaten nowhere else in the 45- When countries begin to westernise, ---- .
world.
A) whose customs and traditions will change
A) I hope you will buy me some spices when accordingly
you are in Delhi B) the last things that changed were probably
B) The Scandinavians are famous for their fine food and music
fish and cheese dishes C) where men wear traditional clothing on a
C) A dish called haggis is an important part of daily basis
the annual Burns Day celebrations in D) the first thing to change is the way people
Scotland dress
D) Indian curries have become remarkably E) superficially westernised countries have
popular in Britain continued to enjoy their traditional dishes
E) In Scotland there is a dish called haggis
46- Having worked hard at his job the entire
41- What the majority of people are hoping for year, ---- .
most from the new government ---- .
A) his family complained that they were not
A) has been disappointing so far seeing enough of him
B) is political stability and economic growth B) he was looking forward to his annual
C) since the last one disappointed almost holiday
everyone C) which was particularly difficult around tax
D) once the composition of the cabinet has time
been decided D) his wife thought that he deserved a nice
E) it must have a firm decision to tackle surprise
corruption E) no one had expected them to be so busy
42- ----, which is a meeting between a man and a 47- ----, you shouldn't be discouraged from
woman on the understanding that they may writing just because your first attempt was
choose to marry each other. unsuccessful.
A) In Japan, there is a custom called miai A) As you don't actually write anything and try
B) Young Japanese are so busy that they find to get it published
it difficult to meet a future mate B) Knowing that best-selling authors have
C) Photographs and family backgrounds are actually gone through a lot of hardships
exchanged C) To leave your job and your old life behind
D) In Japan many marriages are still arranged you
E) A teacher, for instance, may try to match a D) The difficulty begins when you start to make
former student with a relative the rounds of the publishers
E) Writing presents you with the idea of
43- At the meeting were delegates representing escape from conventional employment
all sides in the conflict, ---- .
48- Fatigue is one of the most common
A) which has been going on now for more than complaints ---- .
fifty years
B) what killed many innocent civilians as well A) made by people who work in offices and get
C) none of which have been resolved yet little exercise
D) not all of them have been agreed upon yet B) than they did in the days when most work
E) that they have still not been able to reach was done manually
an agreement C) due to labour-saving devices and
convenient transportation of this era
44- ---- , the Indian Subcontinent will face a D) working sixty or seventy hours a week
human tragedy on an unprecedented scale. E) who work too hard physically
A) Because of excellent leadership over the 49- Several years ago, two British backpackers
past few years were among 47 of the 127 passengers ---- .
B) Floods have devastated several regions in
Bangladesh and Nepal during the monsoon A) which had been hijacked
C) Unless there is surprising economic growth B) and do not know if they were killed in the
over the next few years crash or were among the survivors
D) The more foreign aid that is pumped in C) although they were severely injured
E) When British India was partitioned into India D) who will be held for ransom by the hijackers
and Pakistan in 1947 E) to survive the hijack and crash of a flight
from Addis Ababa to Nairobi
194
50- In 1846, an Italian chemist named Asciano

Sobrero produced the first nitro-glycerine,
---- .
A) how he heated a drop of it and produced a

large explosion
B) about that little is known otherwise
C) who realises that his discovery might be
used to produce weapons of mass
destruction
D) but realising this chemical could be used to
produce destructive weapons, he stopped
his research
E) that high explosives were being used in
warfare by the end of the 19th century
195
ADJECTIVE – ADVERB STRUCTURES
1- It's amazing how hourglasses, which use 7- ---- important 20th-century development, for
slowly flowing sand to measure time, are ---- automation and for robots in particular, was
electric devices. the invention of the computer.
A) accurately enough A) The most

B) so accurate that B) Such
C) too accurately C) More
D) as accurate as D) Much
E) more accurately than E) Too
2- I think it's a good idea on the first day of 8- ---- you practise the language, ---- you'll
your visit for us to go on a Bosphorus cruise become at speaking it.
because it will be ---- tiring for you ----
sightseeing. A) So much/as good
B) The most/the best
A) less/than C) Such a lot/so well
B) such a/that D) The more/the better
C) more/so E) Too much/good enough
D) so/that
E) too/as 9- King Charles's restaurant is ---- place to dine
at that customers need to book a table at
3- His team had ---- a disastrous season that least a week in advance.
they will play in a lower division next year.
A) so popular
A) so B) such a popular
B) too C) a more popular
C) the most D) as popular as
D) more E) too popular
E) such
10- Is it ---- to walk to the ferry terminal from
4- He practised ---- for hours that his mother here?There is ---- traffic that we will probably
had to pull him away from his trumpet for get there quicker if we walk.
dinner.
A) far enough/more
A) such an enthusiastic B) so far/as much
B) so enthusiastically C) farthest/the most
C) enthusiastically enough D) farther/lots of
D) the most enthusiastic E) too far/so much
E) more enthusiastic
11- The sales manager spoke to us ---- to make
5- Students study ---- if they take a break us realise how important it was not to keep
approximately every hour because they the customers waiting.
come back with refreshed minds.
A) too firm
A) less efficient B) as firm as
B) so efficiently as C) firmly enough
C) more efficiently D) such a firm
D) the most efficient E) the most firmly
E) efficient enough
12- The group research project was ----
6- Because she becomes nervous when she is assignment of the year.
talking to her teachers, she doesn't speak
English ---- with them ---- with her friends. A) so challenging
B) too challenging
A) less confidently/than C) the more challenging
B) the most confident/that D) the most challenging
C) as confidently/as E) challenging enough
D) so confidently/that
E) too confident/as
196
13- Nejat may not be ---- -talented as his brother, 20- Most jokes are ---- culturally-specific to be
but he is definitely ---- dedicated. understood by foreigners; moreover, often
when they are translated, ---- of the humour
A) naturally enough/so gets lost in the process.
B) so natural/the most
C) as naturally/more A) too/most
D) too natural/too B) such/a little
E) such a natural/as C) more/few
D) as/less
14- If he had taken his job ---- to please his E) the most/too much
superiors, he might have been promoted.
21- He wasn't ---- as upset by her breaking off
A) seriously enough the engagement as his friends had feared.
B) so serious
C) too serious A) nearer
D) more serious B) nearest
E) the most seriously C) nearly
D) so near
15- Başak appeared ---- the other speakers E) as near
because she was accustomed to making
speeches. 22- ---- we start organising the event, ----
prepared we will be on the day.
A) as nervously as
B) less nervous than A) As early/as well
C) so nervous that B) So early/the best
D) nervously enough C) Early enough/so good
E) so nervous as D) Too early/so well
E) The earlier/the better
16- I can see that you are amply qualified to
work here, but unfortunately we are not ---- 23- With an area of 1,540,680 square kilometres,
to justify employing additional staff at the Quebec is ---- Alaska and twice ---- Texas.
moment.
A) so large that/big enough
A) so busily as B) so large as/the biggest
B) busy enough C) too large/bigger than
C) busier than D) the largest/so big
D) the busiest E) larger than/as big as
E) too busy for
24- If I were you, I would take two aspirins and
17- İstanbul is ---- colder in winter than I had go to bed. I hope that you'll feel ---- better in
imagined. the morning.
A) so A) most
B) as B) a lot
C) such C) so
D) much D) more
E) too E) enough
18- The film starred some famous comedy stars, 25- Would you mind if I opened the window? It's
but it wasn't ---- we had expected. ---- in here ---- my eyes are watering.
A) so funny that A) so smoky/that

B) funnier B) the smokiest/that
C) funny enough C) as smoky/as
D) too funny D) smoky enough/for
E) as funny as E) smokier/than
19- I've never been ---- in my life. It took me quite 26- The house is in ---- mess ---- it will take us all
a while before I could see the funny side of weekend to clean it.
the situation.
A) such a/that
A) as embarrassing as B) so/that
B) so embarrassed C) as/as
C) the more embarrassing D) enough/for
D) the most embarrassed E) more/than
E) embarrassed enough
197
27- Your performance today was ---- better than 34- Even if you are ---- to decide for yourself,
the last time, but you'll have to do ---- more you should listen to your elders for different
practice if you want to be ready to play to an opinions.
audience by the end of the month.
A) too old
A) scarcely/less B) the oldest
B) more/some C) so old
C) a little/much D) old enough
D) much/a few E) older than
E) extremely/many
35- Because of its location, the skin is perhaps
28- She was ---- disappointed that she didn't ---- to disease ---- any other body organ.
qualify for the finals.
A) more susceptible/than
A) well B) so susceptible/that
B) bitterly C) too susceptible/for
C) properly D) the most susceptible/that
D) nearly E) such susceptible/as
E) almost
36- This interesting bird, the woodpecker, is
29- This dress is ---- badly-made to be worth 250 found in ---- wooded areas throughout
YTL. Europe.
A) enough A) actually
B) too B) merely
C) the most C) closely
D) so D) nearly
E) more E) densely
30- He was ---- jealous of his brother's success 37- This section of the stadium is reserved ----
---- he changed the subject any time anybody for season ticket-holders.
mentioned it.
A) comparatively
A) more intensely/than B) approximately
B) such intensely/as C) exclusively
C) as intensely/as D) virtually
D) so intensely/that E) splendidly
E) intensely enough/that
38- ----, I don't believe the owner's assurances
31- Because she has missed so many of the that the chemical factory is perfectly safe.
practice sessions, of all the players, she has
---- chance of being picked for the team. A) Moderately
B) Frankly
A) so few C) Barely
B) so little D) Presumably
C) much less E) Surely
D) fewer
E) the least 39- We recommend that you check your oil ---- at
least every 1500 kilometres.
32- Of all the job offers I've received, this one is
by far ---- -paid. A) tactfully
B) optionally
A) so good C) probably
B) better D) regularly
C) the best E) hastily
D) as well
E) too good 40- Blood poisoning, which usually starts as a
complication of an infected wound or burn,
33- Are you ---- sure that Jenny can baby-sit for causes such symptoms ---- fevers and chills.
us on Friday?
A) so
A) absolutely B) that
B) roughly C) as
C) widely D) like
D) willingly E) much
E) hardly
198
41- Muhammad XI was ---- sultan of Granada, 48- Unless ---- people turn up than we expect, we
Spain, who surrendered Granada to should have ---- food for everyone.
Ferdinand and Isabella of Spain in 1492.
A) more/enough
A) the latter B) such/more
B) the last C) many/too much
C) the latest D) less/little
D) the later E) fewer/many
E) lastly
49- ---- 1,320,000 Americans are registered as
42- I'm not ---- convinced that they're telling the blind.
truth.
A) Exceedingly
A) correctly B) Approximately
B) apparently C) Identically
C) entirely D) Gradually
D) constantly E) Increasingly
E) deeply
50- Except for the tiger, the lion is ---- member of
43- Of all the novels he has written, his ---- is by the cat family.
far his ---- .
A) the largest
A) the latest/so good B) so large
B) lately/well C) as large
C) latter/better D) large enough
D) latest/best E) such a large
E) last/as good
51- Instead of facing an opposing team,
44- He thought he had found a genuine Monet mountain climbers test their skills against
painting in his loft, but actually, it is just a/an the ---- forces of nature, which can be rather
---- copy. dangerous in some cases.
A) penniless A) precise
B) worthless B) reasonable
C) inestimable C) inefficient
D) priceless D) unpredictable
E) invaluable E) accidental
45- I was so tired the day after our hike that I 52- Quebec is both ---- and ---- of Canada's ten
could ---- move. provinces.
A) barely A) the older/the larger

B) vigorously B) the old/the large
C) gracefully C) the oldest/the largest
D) slowly D) so old/so large
E) rapidly E) as old/as large
46- Stop making ---- insulting remarks to 53- After ---- consideration, we have decided to
everyone all the time. It's gaining you accept your claim for compensation.
nothing but dislike.
A) farther
A) so B) further
B) much C) so far
C) such D) the farthest
D) as E) far enough
E) such as
54- People didn't have ---- forms of
47- Because it's a completely new idea, I entertainment in former days ---- we do
consider that project ---- to invest any money today.
in.
A) so much/than
A) such risky B) so many/that
B) as risky C) too much/for
C) so risky that D) as many/as
D) more risky than E) the fewest/than
E) too risky
199
55- This bird has ---- beak that it can crack Brazil 61- The film Rainmaker is quite ---- in many ways
nuts with ease. ---- the book of the same name. They don't
have, for example, the same ending or the
A) so powerful same characters.
B) powerful enough
C) more powerful A) similar/to
D) too powerful B) the same/as
E) such a powerful C) rather/than
D) identical/with
56- When watching television, you should sit ---- E) different/from
from the TV set for the scanning lines on the
picture, which cause strain on the eyes, to 62- Long regarded as a/an ---- organ serving no
be invisible. real purpose at all, the human appendix is
now thought to be an important part of our
A) so far immune system.
B) the farthest
C) the further A) useless
D) farther B) significant
E) far enough C) wasteful
D) deliberate
57- One problem with the death penalty is that E) appropriate
once a man has been executed, it is ---- to
question whether or not he is innocent, 63- ---- popular of all the tasks on the farm was
should new evidence be found. cleaning the cow-sheds because it was dirty
back-breaking work.
A) the latest
B) so late A) The least
C) too late B) The more
D) as late C) So little
E) much later D) So much
E) Less
58- There is ---- interest in producing an end-of-
term play this year that we should probably 64- Fortunately, we remember ---- we perceive;
forget the idea. otherwise, our minds would be a storehouse
of miscellaneous, unassorted data.
A) far more
B) so little A) so few that
C) as little B) far less than
D) such a lot C) the most
E) too much D) as many as
E) so much that
59- In addition to the normal hiking gear,
climbing requires some extra equipment, ---- 65- Daylight provides the best illumination for
climbing ropes, ice axes and hammers. ---- activities ---- reading, writing and sewing.
A) that A) such/as
B) so much B) more/that
C) such as C) rather/than
D) rather D) so much/that
E) as well E) both/and
60- ---- training an occupation requires, ---- 66- He is only an acquaintance of mine, so I
likely it is to pay a higher salary. don't know him ---- to ask him for help.
A) So long as/very A) so good

B) The more/the more B) the best
C) As much as/so much C) well enough
D) The most/the most D) better than
E) Too long/as much E) as well
200
67- It is ---- old story ---- the original writer is 74- Rap musicians are known for their unique
unknown. use of language and style of dress, and the
accessories they wear, ---- gold chains and
A) too/for gangster hats.
B) so/as
C) more/than A) such
D) such an/that B) much
E) rather/than C) as
D) either
68- I'd really like to visit my parents this E) like
weekend, but I'm ---- with a project these
days to go anywhere. 75- I don't know exactly how much it costs to
hire a car in İstanbul, but, as a/an ---- guide, I
A) so busily can tell you that last year my friend paid
B) as busy forty million liras per week.
C) too busy
D) the busiest A) precise
E) busier B) steady
C) rough
69- There is nothing ---- seeing people push into D) identical
queues. E) variable
A) so annoying that 76- I am getting ---- lazy that I take the bus even
B) too annoyed for when I'm only going a couple of stops.
C) the most annoying
D) as annoyed as A) more
E) more annoying than B) so
C) such
70- It wasn't very sensible of him to wear casual D) rather
clothes on ---- an important occasion. E) too
A) so 77- Of all the methods, testing is perhaps ----

B) too used within psychology to assess the
C) more individual's intelligence, aptitude,
D) such achievement, interests and personality.
E) most
A) the most widely
71- After rowing so ---- across the lake, they B) such a wide
both collapsed exhausted on the shore. C) much more widely
D) so wide that
A) calmly E) widely enough
B) vigorously
C) roughly 78- I don't know why he is making ---- fuss about
D) restlessly this one small problem. He really does make
E) closely mountains out of molehills.
72- If you had adjusted the chain on your bicycle A) too little
----, it wouldn't have fallen off while you were B) very few
riding along. C) too many
D) so much
A) urgently E) the fewest
B) reluctantly
C) exclusively 79- He behaved ---- I was embarrassed to be with
D) considerably him.
E) properly
A) as rude as
73- Usually lions avoid humans; however, old B) the most rudely
ones ---- to catch game may become man- C) so rudely that
eaters. D) much ruder than
E) rude enough for
A) too slow
B) so slowly
C) more slowly
D) slowly enough
E) such slow
201
80- I think she is ---- clever to be fooled by their 87- Without the heavy make-up she wears, she
tricks. looks ---- in real life ---- she does on
television.
A) even
B) such A) young/so
C) more B) as young/that
D) so C) younger/than
E) too D) the youngest/as
E) so young/that
81- I've had a full day's rest now and I feel much
---- ; at least ---- enough to be able to get out 88- He wasn't ---- studious student in the class,
of bed. but he worked ---- to pass his final
examinations.
A) the worst/worse
B) better/well A) the most/hard enough
C) best/better B) such/harder than
D) good/so well C) more/so hard that
E) worse/as good D) as much as/hardly
E) too much/too hard
82- There is nothing ---- a slight breeze on a hot,
sunny day. 89- After we had been shopping, Gülbin and
Gülçin went bowling, but I was ---- to join
A) refreshing enough them.
B) as refreshed as
C) more refreshing than A) so tiring that B) the most tired
D) so refreshing that C) so tired as D) too tired
E) the most refreshed E) as tiring as
83- The survey confirmed that house prices are 90- The spot where Naci's new house is located
---- higher in the South than in the North. is ---- one that all his friends and relatives
want to visit his.
A) so
B) more A) the most picturesque
C) most B) more picturesque than
D) as C) as picturesque as
E) much D) so picturesque that
E) such a picturesque
84- There is ---- a shortage of qualified teachers
in England ---- the government is paying 91- The amazing thing about Oltu stone is that
students to train in teaching. ---- you keep it, ---- it gets.
A) such/that A) so long/so shiny

B) so/as B) the long/the shiny
C) more/than C) the longest/the shiniest
D) too/than D) the longer/the shinier
E) as/that E) as long/as shiny
85- My father treasures the gold watch that he 92- For me, ---- aspect of the conference was the
was given ---- a retirement present. decision to concentrate on environmental
issues.
A) like
B) as A) as encouraging
C) such as B) so encouraged as
D) so C) more encouraged
E) too D) the most encouraging
E) such an encouraged
86- Some of the delegates were ---- with the
Chairman's speech ---- they walked out. 93- My father plays golf just for fun, although
sometimes he plays ---- some professionals.
A) too disappointed/that
B) more disappointing/than A) so skilful that
C) so disappointed/that B) as skilfully as
D) so disappointing/than C) more skilfully
E) as disappointed/as D) the most skilful
E) skilfully enough
202
94- She couldn't believe that her son had 101- She had acted ---- she was dismissed
behaved ---- to be disciplined by the teacher. immediately.
A) as bad as A) more unprofessionally than

B) worse than B) as unprofessionally as
C) the worst C) so unprofessionally that
D) so badly that D) unprofessionally enough
E) badly enough E) the most unprofessionally
95- The courts dealt with the farmer who had 102- ---- we climbed, ---- the air became, which
shot the thief ---- tolerantly ---- most people made it difficult for us to proceed.
considered appropriate.
A) The higher/the colder
A) more/as B) The highest/the coldest
B) so/as C) Too high/too cold
C) the most/than D) As high/so cold
D) less/than E) So high/very cold
E) too/that
103- The Goosander is one of ---- ducks which
96- Because it all happened ----, he couldn't give nest in tree holes. They are highly efficient
the officer an accurate description of his underwater swimmers, being able to stay
attackers. submerged for ---- a minute.
A) so suddenly A) the most/the longest

B) as sudden B) the few/longer than
C) too sudden C) too many/so long
D) as suddenly D) more/too long
E) the most sudden E) the least/as long
97- The people have ---- distrust of the 104- Records of Johannes Gutenberg are ----
government in this African nation that few vague for us to be able to know what he
residents expect the elections to be fair. looked like or even his actual date of birth.
A) so A) such
B) such B) more
C) as C) so
D) like D) as
E) much E) too
98- He is feeling ---- can be expected after ---- a 105- I wish my cousin would type his letters to me
major operation. as his handwriting is ---- legible.
A) well enough/like A) merely

B) so well that/so B) bitterly
C) as well as/such C) slightly
D) better than/that D) barely
E) the best/as E) utterly
99- I felt ---- ill yesterday to get out of bed, but 106- I made a bit of a mess of wrapping Füsun’s
I'm feeling ---- better today. present, but it was ---- shape to wrap.
A) as/much A) too awkward

B) so/that B) as awkward as
C) more/so C) so awkward that
D) enough/more D) such an awkward
E) too/a lot E) more awkward
100- This material is ---- to be stitched together on 107- I didn't find the ski runs ---- so exhilarating
a sewing machine. as the ones in St Moritz.
A) too delicate A) too nearly

B) as delicately as B) nearer
C) so delicate that C) nearly
D) delicately enough D) nearest
E) such a delicate E) so near
203
108- The Honda Civic uses a little ---- petrol than 114- Of all the problems she has faced, this one is
the Toyota Corolla, but it performs ---- better. by far ---- .
A) so much/less A) badly
B) too much/more B) worse
C) the most/a lot C) too badly
D) much/such D) so badly
E) more/much E) the worst
109- Farmer Parkinson's dog is ---- to scare any 115- I was ---- at the time to help him with his
intruder. project at all, so it is completely his own
work.
A) ferocious enough
B) such ferocious A) too busy
C) as ferocious B) busier
D) so ferocious that C) the busiest
E) more ferocious D) so busy
E) such busy
110- The two brothers could have hanged
themselves or they could have been 116- I've had ---- trouble starting the car lately ----
murdered by attackers. The police suspect I think I'll have to take it to the garage.
---- .
A) so much/that
A) such late B) too many/for
B) the latter C) the most/that
C) later D) such a lot/as
D) the latest E) much more/than
E) so late
117- In today's busy world traditional crafts, ----
111- ---- dangerously a person lives, ---- likely he knitting and embroidery, are declining in
or she is to die young. popularity.
A) So/much more A) the most

B) The more/the more B) much more
C) As much/too C) such
D) Far too/so much D) such as
E) The most/the most E) much as
112- To the thief, the bracelet will be ---- as it is 118- The decision to promote him was based ----
only made of pewter, but to me it was on his sales record, and neither his
precious because my aunt had given it to me management skills nor his organisational
just before she died. ability was taken into account.
A) elaborate A) highly
B) humble B) barely
C) worthless C) bitterly
D) plain D) intensely
E) priceless E) solely
113- Her economic situation has got ---- worse 119- The holiday we spent in Canada turned out
since she gave up her job because of her to be ---- expensive than we'd expected.
illness.
A) so
A) more B) much
B) so C) less
C) as D) a little
D) even E) too
E) too
120- The ruddy duck is ---- seen in the wild on
British lakes or rivers.
A) too rare
B) rare
C) so rare
D) rarely
E) the rarest
204
121- Don't be too critical of Hilmi as this is the 128- I know we didn't stop overnight when we
first time he's played in ---- an important drove to Scotland last year, but the Isle of
match. Sky is much ---- Edinburgh.
A) too A) very far

B) such B) farther than
C) so C) the farthest
D) as D) as far as
E) more E) so far
122- I don't know why ---- people find skiing great. 129- The holiday firm was accused of ----
I can't think of anything ---- being cold and misleading holiday-makers about the
frightened at the same time. location of their hotel.
A) few/as badly as A) accidentally

B) too many/the worst B) deliberately
C) too much/so much C) exceptionally
D) so many/worse than D) fairly
E) the fewer/the worse E) tactfully
123- The Queen mother, who is 100 years old this 130- We took a tour of the most amazing Chateau
year, is ---- member of the British Royal during our holiday, which we discovered ----
family. by accident.
A) as old A) purely
B) too old B) wisely
C) so old C) deliberately
D) the eldest D) competently
E) much older E) systematically
124- As their conversation continued, she became 131- You should have ---- material for a skirt if
---- of the strange-looking gentleman. you are careful about how you lay the
pattern out.
A) as suspicious as
B) more and more suspicious A) much
C) so suspiciously that B) enough
D) more suspiciously than C) the most
E) much too suspiciously D) as
E) such
125- ---- the trial progressed, ---- apparent it
became that he was guilty. 132- ----, the tourists didn't want to go to the
town where the riots had taken place just a
A) So far/so much few weeks before.
B) The farthest/the most
C) The further/the more A) Reluctantly
D) Much farther/too much B) Approximately
E) The furthest/even so C) Extremely
D) Perfectly
126- If he spent ---- money on his family ---- he E) Understandably
does on beer, his children wouldn't be
running around without shoes on. 133- Considering he is the top salesman, he is
really ---- and never boasts at all.
A) as much/as
B) so much/that A) variable
C) a little/than B) suitable
D) enough/so C) modest
E) too much/that D) confident
E) jealous
127- I believe no one could have investigated the
matter ---- we did.
A) so thoroughly that
B) as thoroughly as
C) thorough enough
D) more thorough than
E) the most thoroughly
205
134- When I moved into the house, the grease on 140- The dry-cleaner's couldn't get the stain out
the oven was ---- it took me a whole morning completely, but you can ---- see it now.
to remove it.
A) approximately
A) so thick that B) virtually
B) as thick as C) barely
C) thick enough D) practically
D) too thick E) nearly
E) much thicker
141- Certain household items, ---- bleach and
135- The director thought our proposal was ---- a insecticides, are very dangerous and should
good idea that he suggested we start be kept away from children.
implementing it immediately.
A) so much
A) so B) just as
B) as C) rather
C) such D) such as
D) like E) more
E) more
142- ---- students enrolled on the Serbo-Croat
136- I don't know why the purchasing assistant is language course that they are discontinuing
complaining as, of all the staff, she's ---- this class.
affected by the changes.
A) Fewer
A) so few B) Less
B) few C) The least
C) little D) So little
D) the lesser E) So few
E) the least
143- I knew my grandmother was seriously ill as
137- A: Well, you've been ---- today, haven't you? she couldn't speak ---- .
B: Yes, not only have I put up these new
shelves, but I have also mended the leaky A) tactfully
tap in the bathroom. B) utterly
C) anxiously
A) industrious D) courageously
B) confident E) coherently
C) watchful
D) careful 144- The council are looking for a qualified
E) sincere management accountant, but it is a/an ----
position to cover the present post holder's
138- The valley of the River Severn is ---- it's maternity leave.
known as the garden of England.
A) temporary
A) as fertile as B) immediate
B) so fertile that C) momentary
C) fertile enough D) compulsory
D) more fertile than E) limitless
E) the most fertile
145- ---- petroleum and natural gas, coal is a
139- Seniye and Sabriye are twins, but they are carbon-based fossil fuel.
not identical ones. In fact, they are quite ----
from each other. A) Such as
B) More
A) similar C) So
B) the same D) As
C) different E) Like
D) complete
E) suitable 146- I didn't really want the children to eat all the
ice-cream, but I was ---- to argue with them.
A) as tired as
B) tired enough
C) too tired
D) so tired that
E) more tired than
206
147- I thought we were being ---- we could be, but 153- Toads, which belong to ---- family ---- frogs,
the neighbours still complained that we were have shorter legs than frogs.
---- .
A) the same/as
A) quieter than/such noisy B) more/than
B) as quiet as/too noisy C) so/that
C) so quietly/noisy enough D) such/as
D) quietly enough/as noisy E) rather/than
E) the quietest/noisier
154- It was ---- injury that he struggled to carry on
148- We were expecting it to be a little cool, but playing for the rest of the game.
admittedly, none of us expected ---- weather
---- this for our club picnic. A) so painfully
B) such a painful
A) so awful/that C) the most painful
B) as awfully/as D) as painful as
C) more awfully/than E) too painfully
D) such awful/as
E) the most awful/than 155- I felt quite out of place in my evening dress
as most of the guests were ---- dressed.
149- The oak tree in our garden is almost ---- the
house itself. A) formally
B) publicly
A) so tall that C) privately
B) the tallest D) casually
C) much taller E) peacefully
D) tall enough
E) as tall as 156- Most of the population of Canada live in the
cities in the South, leaving the Arctic North
150- In some southern counties in the USA, ---- -populated.
blacks outnumber whites by four to one. Yet
---- thirty-six years ago, in many of these A) plainly
counties, not a single black person was B) roughly
registered to vote. C) sparsely
D) densely
A) as recently as E) primitively
B) so recently that
C) more recently 157- For once she knew the answer to the
D) less recently question, and so, afraid to miss the chance,
E) recently enough raised her hand ---- .
151- The shops on the main street have been A) limitlessly

restored and now they serve ---- boutiques B) temporarily
and gift shops for tourists. C) reluctantly
D) tenderly
A) such E) enthusiastically
B) so
C) as 158- The comedian Jasper Carrot doesn't tell
D) like jokes, but he describes daily life ----
E) enough audiences roar with laughter.
152- 'The Commercial Dispatch' is ---- of all the A) as humorously as

newspapers published in Mississippi. B) humorously enough
C) such a humorous
A) more progressive D) more humorous than
B) the most progressive E) so humorously that
C) as progressive as
D) too progressive 159- Canadian wolves are ---- wolves in the world
E) so progressive that and twice ---- a large dog.
A) larger than/so big

B) the largest/as big as
C) large enough/bigger than
D) too large/too big
E) so large/the biggest
207
160- ---- birds ---- parrots, parakeets and mynahs 166- Sezen was under ---- stress because of the
learn to imitate sounds, but they do not have problems in her marriage ---- she couldn't
the capacity to think or to understand what concentrate on her work.
they are saying.
A) as much/as
A) Rather/than B) too much/that
B) So/that C) much more/than
C) Much/like D) so much/that
D) Such/as E) much/than
E) As/as
167- Stop worrying about the interview; I'm sure it is
161- I feel even ---- today than I did the day not going to be ---- frightening ---- you think.
before; I hope I feel ---- tomorrow.
A) too/than
A) better/the worst B) the most/that
B) as good/well C) as/as
C) so well/so well D) less/than
D) the worst/the best E) such/as
E) worse/better
168- Mr Levent is ---- strict teacher ---- no one
162- I've never seen my father ---- when I failed likes to take his classes.
my examinations.
A) too/so
A) the most upset B) the most/as
B) so upset that C) more/than
C) less upset D) as/as
D) such an upset E) such a/that
E) more upset than
169- Serkan was ---- with the lecture that he fell
163- She told me that she wished the day could asleep even though he was sitting in the front
last forever; she had never felt ---- happy. row.
A) more A) such a boring

B) the most B) so bored
C) so C) as boring
D) too D) too bored
E) such E) more bored
164- There was ---- much rain in Asia this year ---- 170- In recent years, Thailand has become one of
there was serious flooding in China, ---- tourist destinations in the world.
Bangladesh and Nepal.
A) popular enough
A) so/that B) too popular
B) as/as C) the most popular
C) too/than D) as popular
D) more/than E) such a popular
E) a lot/as
171- He got discouraged living in New York
165- Many people in the country work for because it seemed that ---- he worked, ---- his
companies that make them work very ---- living conditions became.
hours for ---- .
A) the harder/the worse
A) too long/less B) too hard/too bad
B) long/little C) so hard/very bad
C) the longest/a little D) the hardest/the worst
D) longer/much less E) as hard/so bad
E) as long/the least
172- It is amazing that he is a successful
politician because he is ---- obnoxious man
that it is hard to understand why anyone
would vote for him.
A) too B) the most

C) so much D) such an
E) as
208
173- Seracettin speaks Arabic ---- that some 180- In the Kathmandu Valley, the sculptures do
people mistake him for a native speaker. ---- work ---- it is unbelievable.
A) fluent enough A) such fine/that

B) so fluently B) too fine/so
C) too fluently C) the finest/that
D) such a fluent D) such a fine/as
E) the most fluently E) so fine/that
174- It is ---- to talk in this café. We'll have to go 181- It is difficult to imagine anyone acting ---- he
somewhere else. did when he left his wife and three children.
A) so noisy A) more inconsiderate than

B) noisy enough B) the most inconsiderately
C) as noisy C) inconsiderately enough
D) the noisiest D) as inconsiderately as
E) too noisy E) too inconsiderate for
175- The businessman's daughter had ---- 182- ---- they insisted on continuing the marriage
elaborate wedding anyone had ever seen. for the sake of their little daughter, ---- life
became unbearable for both of them.
A) the most
B) as A) Whether/or
C) more B) So much/when
D) too C) The longer/the more
E) such an D) Not only/but also
E) As long as/so
176- The ambassador's wife felt that she was ----
elegantly dressed ---- anyone else at the 183- Tibet is one of the ---- countries in the world,
reception. and it can be difficult to breathe in the
capital, Lhasa, because there is ---- oxygen.
A) so/as
B) as/that A) high/as little as
C) more/than B) highest/so little
D) the most/like C) too high/a little
E) too/as D) high enough/less
E) so high/the least
177- There has been ---- discontent recently over
the government's economic policy. 184- To be honest, I didn't think much of the
charity ball. It could have been ---- better
A) as organised.
B) like
C) much A) so
D) so B) too
E) most C) more
D) such
178- The economic situation in the country is ---- E) much
anyone would have expected this time last
year. 185- I didn't enjoy the concert because the sound
system was not very good and we were ----
A) the worst away ---- we could hardly hear anything.
B) too bad for
C) such a bad A) so far/that
D) much worse than B) too far/than
E) so bad that C) the far thest/that
D) farther/than
179- He must have found the topic ---- to decide E) as far/enough
to attend the lecture.
186- Since the boss thinks we do not work ---- , he
A) interesting enough is always trying to think of new projects.
B) the most interested
C) so interesting A) such a hard
D) too interested B) hardly
E) more interested C) the hardest
D) hard enough
E) such hard
209
187- Metin is always tripping over his own feet, 194- Ralph lost his job because the boss said that
and everyone agrees that he is ---- to be a his work was not ---- standard as he would
good football player. expect from an employee.
A) such a clumsy A) such a good

B) as clumsy as B) a better
C) the clumsiest C) well enough
D) too clumsy D) the best
E) clumsy enough E) too good
188- For a person working in a very smoky place 195- The situation in the countryside has become
---- a bar or an office, this passive smoking ---- critical than ever since the rebels began
can reach the equivalent of fourteen destroying dams and bridges.
cigarettes a day.
A) as
A) just B) so
B) such C) more
C) both D) even
D) as E) too
E) like
196- There are ---- dishonest politicians ---- it is
189- His marks were nowhere near ---- to get him difficult to know whom to trust.
into university, so he had to get a job in a
fast-food restaurant. A) much more/than
B) such a lot/so
A) as well C) too many/for
B) good enough D) the most/that
C) such good E) so many/that
D) better
E) the best 197- Since 11 September, 2001, ---- Americans
have been travelling abroad because they
190- ---- thing I have ever experienced was the are afraid of terrorist attacks.
Marmara Earthquake in August, 1999.
A) a little
A) Too frightening B) the least
B) So frightening C) fewer
C) The most frightening D) much more
D) Frightening enough E) hardly
E) As frightening as
198- We are looking for ---- qualified people with
191- ---- you come, ---- we can finish preparing at least a PhD and five years' experience in
the hall for the reception. the field.
A) The earlier/the sooner A) barely

B) Whenever/then B) highly
C) So early/so soon C) hardly
D) Hardly/when D) solely
E) Whether/or E) nearly
192- Living is not ---- expensive in India ---- it is in 199- Last year, we had a beautiful apartment, but
Europe. it was ---- expensive, so we had to move.
A) so/that A) as
B) as/as B) much
C) too/for C) less
D) the most/as D) enough
E) such/as E) too
193- Though our team did not perform, we still

lost ---- .
A) as bad
B) the worst
C) too badly
D) such a bad
E) worse
210
200- His children were ---- important to him that 206- We didn't think the new air conditioner
he quit his job to be able to spend more time would be ---- easy to install ---- this.
with them.
A) so/that
A) more B) more/than
B) the most C) such/that
C) such D) too/as
D) as E) as/as
E) so
207- The British Parliament is called "The Mother
201- There are ---- people trying to get into of Parliaments" because it is ---- one in the
university these days that the competition is world.
---- than it was a few years ago.
A) so old
A) too many/so fierce B) the oldest
B) so many/much fiercer C) such old
C) so much/as fierce D) too old
D) a lot of/too fierce E) as old as
E) as many/as fierce
208- He achieved what he did ---- through his own
202- The workers ---- drilled through a water pipe efforts since no one helped him or even
in the wall because no one had told them encouraged him.
where it was.
A) barely
A) cautiously B) conditionally
B) intentionally C) mostly
C) thoughtfully D) roughly
D) inadvertently E) entirely
E) intensely
209- Since he turned up to class ---- seldom, it is
203- Since I am not ---- cynical about politicians ---- surprising that he failed.
---- you are, I expect the new government to
do a good job. A) as/fairly
B) more/merely
A) too/like C) too/rather
B) the most/that D) so/hardly
C) as/as E) such/quite
D) such/as
E) so/that 210- I don't know why anyone would go to Europe
for a holiday. Asia is ---- interesting and
204- The young man was convicted of murder doesn't cost ---- .
because the prosecutor was ---- skilful at
presenting the evidence than the defence A) as/the most
lawyer was. B) more/so much
C) too/as many
A) far more D) so/enough
B) as much as E) such/too much
C) even so
D) too much 211- I believe taking exercise is ---- way to lose
E) the most weight ---- eating less.
205- Some people enjoy their jobs ---- much that A) such a healthy/that
they only retire reluctantly when they are ---- B) as healthy/like
old to work any more. C) a healthier/than
D) so healthy/as
A) so/too E) the healthiest/for
B) too/very
C) a lot/as 212- James did not look ---- during the interview
D) very/so to impress the interviewer.
E) as/more
A) the most confident
B) too confident
C) so confident
D) more confident
E) confident enough
211
213- The painters did their work ---- dropping 219- Not one of the students produced an error-
paint all over the floor ---- we had to sand it free exam paper, but Jenny's was the one
after they had finished. with ---- mistakes of all.
A) so carelessly/that A) so few
B) too carelessly/than B) too few
C) the most carelessly/as C) the fewest
D) as carelessly/ as D) very little
E) carelessly enough/so E) much less
214- Our luggage was ----, ---- we had to pay extra 220- Uncle Hasan ---- went to university when he
to the airline. was young, but he decided to join the army
instead, and he has regretted it ever since.
A) such heavy/that
B) too heavy/so A) virtually
C) heavy enough/as B) nearly
D) the heaviest/for C) hopefully
E) a lot heavier/than D) habitually
E) closely
215- The boss made ---- big fuss the last time I
was late for work that I'm afraid he'll fire me 221- Many people in small farming communities
if I am late again. in rural Africa and Asia live ---- their
ancestors did.
A) so
B) most A) the same
C) as B) such as
D) too C) similar
E) such a D) alike
E) much as
216- Nurşen seems ---- less upset by her divorce
than she did when I talked to her six months 222- Because people are so money-oriented
ago. these days, there is ---- interest in doing
voluntary work for good causes ---- there
A) much used to be.
B) such
C) so A) the least/that
D) more B) too little/like
E) as C) little/as
D) less/than
217- Peggy is by far ---- on our staff. Most of us E) so little/that
do three times the work she does.
223- The soldiers fought ---- against heavy odds
A) the laziest because they admired their commander so
B) so lazy that much.
C) lazier than
D) as lazy as A) commonly
E) lazy enough B) ordinarily
C) vastly
218- Until the 1950s, foreigners were not allowed D) intentionally
into Nepal, so it was one of ---- known E) boldly
countries in the world.
224- It is very difficult to find a/an ---- academic
A) little position; most colleges and universities
B) less offer only one or two year contracts.
C) little more
D) the least A) eternal
E) too little B) transitory
C) limitless
D) permanent
E) compulsive
212
225- ---- many animals, which are good 232- Although the atmosphere isn't quite ---- it
swimmers by instinct, humans have to learn used to be, restaurants and cafes have
the principles of how to swim. opened on the new Galata Bridge.
A) Unlike A) the same as

B) Similar to B) such as
C) The same as C) much like
D) Likewise D) more than
E) Just as E) as much as
226- It is never ---- to apologise for something you 233- Would you please show me some more
have done wrong. blouses ---- this?
A) the latest A) so
B) later than B) like
C) too late C) as
D) so late D) just
E) as late E) such
227- I hadn't planned to climb all the way to the 234- "Gladiator" was such a great film that I want
top of the mountain, but I was feeling ---- I to see more by ---- director.
had thought.
A) just as
A) as energetic as B) similar
B) too energetic for C) alike
C) so energetic that D) the same
D) the most energetic E) just like
E) more energetic than
235- His cold developed into ---- serious one ----
228- Of the couple having moved to the flat next he stayed away from work for ten days.
to ours recently, the husband seems to be
---- friendly. A) such a/as
B) as/as
A) the most C) so/that
B) such D) so/as
C) more E) such a/that
D) so
E) too 236- Though he has not said anything ---- yet,
most observers feel he will start his own
229- Sumo wrestlers, most weighing over 200 party.
kilograms, must be ---- athletes in the world.
A) temporarily
A) too heavy B) utterly
B) so heavy C) publicly
C) as heavy as D) merely
D) the heaviest E) commonly
E) heavy enough
237- Nepal has a population of ---- 23 million,
230- The long hot summers of the Arabian Gulf though a/an ---- census has never been
are not ---- they used to be since almost all taken.
buildings are air-conditioned now.
A) roughly/reliable
A) the most unbearable B) doubtfully/reluctant
B) less unbearable than C) properly/exclusive
C) so unbearable that D) eventually/inaccurate
D) as unbearable as E) inevitably/proper
E) unbearable enough
238- The weather being so awful, it seems that ----
231- Arzu comes from ---- family that she cannot fewer people will attend this event.
even tell them she has a boyfriend.
A) much
A) the most traditional B) too
B) so traditional C) more
C) such a traditional D) far
D) traditional enough E) very
E) too traditional
213
239- We will have to repaint all the walls because 245- On her first try, my daughter only managed
I had wanted the colour to be ---- darker ---- to stay on the surfboard for ---- three
this. minutes, but after a few lessons, she was
fine.
A) rather/than
B) quite/that A) much as
C) more/like B) the most
D) such/as C) less than
E) just as/as D) much more
E) so much as
240- She cooks ---- than most people, but not ----
my mother. 246- Although my Italian was not ---- for me to
understand everything the speaker said, I
A) the best/so good as was able to grasp what he meant in general.
B) well enough/better than
C) too good/so well as A) so well
D) so well/as good as B) good enough
E) better/as well as C) as good
D) the best
241- I can't believe that a person of your ability is E) better
not ---- to make the effort of finding ---- job
than your present one. 247- The skirt my mum bought for me at the sale
was ---- I had to have it taken in quite a bit.
A) ambitious enough/a better
B) too ambitious/the best A) so large that
C) so ambitious/so good B) such a large
D) as ambitious/as good C) larger than
E) very ambitious/a good D) the largest
E) as large as
242- The company did not show ---- care about
the quality of the tour guide ---- they had 248- The Earth sciences include a number of
done about the food, so we came back from specific disciplines, and perhaps ---- of these
Egypt little-informed about the great is geology, the study of the history,
Pharaonic civilization but extremely well-fed. structure, and composition of the Earth and
the past and present forces that act on it.
A) enough/like
B) the same/as A) such broad
C) much/than B) so broad
D) rather/than C) broader than
E) both/and D) the broadest
E) as broad as
243- When I found a spider in the bathtub,
surprisingly, I was just ---- my daughter, who 249- In astronomy, radar is used to make ----
is only five. accurate distance measurements ---- optical
methods can provide.
A) more frightening than
B) so frightened that A) too/for
C) as frightened as B) enough/for
D) the most frightening C) so/that
E) too frightening D) more/than
E) the most/as
244- If you take the butter out of the fridge about
fifteen minutes before we start breakfast, it 250- Nilüfer wanted to be a doctor ---- her father,
won't be ---- to spread. but she didn't get a high enough grade in the
exam.
A) harder than
B) so hard that A) like
C) such hard B) as
D) the hardest C) such
E) too hard D) just as
E) similar
214
ADJECTIVE – ADVERB STRUCTURES (CÜMLE TAMAMLAMA)
1- Furnishing a house is so expensive these 6- ----, we hired our car from them.
days ---- .
A) Their cars were not really as good as the
A) that couples have to save for months before other companies'
they can afford it B) Because a jeep would have been more
B) even if you bought the most essential items suitable for us
like a bed and a few kitchen gadgets C) Thinking that we might have difficulty
C) as they haven't saved up enough to be able affording one
to get married D) They were known to be so unreliable that
D) after the price of property went up E) As they offered the most economical rates
dramatically
E) to allow couples to live away from then- 7- I think he should have explained the safety
parents procedures more fully ---- .
2- ---- as the one we did in these hills last year. A) in order not to bore the trainees with lengthy
instructions
A) As far as I can remember, this hill is much B) because most of the group were complete
higher beginners
B) This hike doesn't sound as if it will be as C) letting inexperienced mountaineers climb a
strenuous rock-face unsupervised
C) According to my guide book, the route you D) than the other instructor, who demonstrates
mentioned is different it instead of explaining
D) There is a nice restaurant on the top of the E) the more the trainees wanted to learn about
hill the area
E) The weather conditions are a lot worse this
year 8- ---- without reducing the amount of sugar
and fat in your diet.
3- The more Susanna accomplishes for her new
boss at work, ---- . A) Do not increase the risk of your developing
heart disease
A) although she had worked reluctantly for her B) The consequences of this illness are not so
previous manager serious
B) the higher salary she earned due to the C) You can't expect to get any slimmer
overtime she did D) As a qualified doctor, you should take my
C) it hasn't helped her to obtain a promotion advice seriously
though E) A healthy diet is one which includes a wide
D) as she has always been a conscientious range of nutrients in it
employee
E) the greater the work load he gives to her 9- This design seems to be the most suitable
---- .
4- The Latin-American version of the Spanish
dance Bolero is similar ---- . A) out of all those we have been shown so far
B) than all the others available in the shops
A) for an alternative version where the steps are around here
more graceful and delicate C) that we should proceed with the production
B) whereas the original is rather more difficult right away
C) from any other dances originating in this area D) as the other one was a bit out-of-fashion
D) to the original, but the steps are slower and E) just like the others we have already seen
simpler
E) enough for amateur dancers to be able to 10- You must be feeling very tired and sleepy
perform it skillfully today ---- .
5- Our country's tennis tournament doesn't A) that you'll find it hard to cope with the daily
award enough prize money to the winners tasks in the office all day
---- . B) than you usually do because our
neighbours had the television on until four
A) to the champion of last year's men's singles in the morning
B) most of them are amateurs from regional C) even though you sat in front of the computer
tennis clubs all night trying to finish your assignment
C) that the best tennis players refuse to enter D) because you went to bed rather later than
the competition usual last night
D) to attract the most successful tennis players E) as I keep hearing a noise like somebody
E) than they used to when tennis was a really walking around downstairs
popular sport
215
11- Drew's car is so old ---- . 17- We should have placed a larger order this
year ---- .
A) if he didn't earn enough to save for a new
one A) the more money we would have earned
B) even if he is considering buying a new one B) ordering so much before we have seen if
C) though prices of new cars in Britain are they are popular products
higher than in the rest of Europe C) so the company gave a discount on our bulk
D) that the manufacturer doesn't make spare purchase
parts for it any more D) that we don't have enough room in the
E) to rely on to get us to work every day warehouse
E) than we normally sell during winter months
12- ---- as to lend her car to Michael.
18- I can only join you at the picnic ---- .
A) It would have been a lot wiser for my niece
B) The most foolish thing Julester did last year A) if I feel better tomorrow
C) She is a much better driver than her husband B) when it makes me feel worse
D) I didn't expect my sister to do something so C) so I do hope you will be well again
stupid D) as I was feeling so ill at the time
E) Of all the foolish things she has done this year E) the less intense my headache gets
13- The harder you have had to work for your 19- ----, producing a report on the results of our
possessions, ---- . research is the most important.
A) your brother was luckier though A) The fact that I have been working overtime
B) the more you appreciate them B) The quicker I print out the analysis
C) as I know that you came from a poor family C) Of all the tasks that I have to do at work
D) it hasn't been as easy as it seems D) In order to be able to finish before I went on
E) the less time you had had for your family holiday
E) The one which is produced for the
14- As the weather conditions worsened and committee
daylight began to fail, ---- .
20- ---- if there had been more people our own
A) the climbers begin to wonder if they will age at the hotel.
reach the top
B) much earlier than the climbers were used to A) The school excursion was great fun for all of
in their country us
C) the climbers began considering possible B) A number of bedrooms were vacant
alternative routes throughout our stay
D) then the climbers would have no choice but C) We may change the date of our vacation
to turn back D) We would have enjoyed the holiday much
E) there has been only one alternative left to the more
climbers E) Several days after we arrived at the popular
resort
15- Our children aren't given enough support in
sports ---- . 21- ---- if we had shopped around a little more.
A) as much as they are in many western A) We should find some very interesting items
countries B) We could have got a better price
B) than they used to be twenty years ago C) I suppose we were too impatient
C) that we are producing very few professional D) I've always found it a good idea
athletes E) No one will have found a cheaper holiday
D) for this country to produce world class
athletes 22- ----, it is remarkable that he achieved
E) less than any other European country anything at all.
16- ----, we hired them to decorate our hotel. A) If so many people hadn't tried to get in his
way
A) Their design wasn't as attractive as the other B) His performance far outstripped
one expectations
B) Assuming we would save money by doing C) When you consider the obstacles he was up
the job ourselves against
C) Although they had no difficulty paying their D) In order to make sure that everyone was
bill happy with the results
D) As they produced the most attractive plans E) Since he is remembered as one of history's
E) They had made such a terrible job of the great men
painting
216
23- Many endangered species can only survive 28- The more I learn about her, ---- .
---- .
A) I think I like her a lot less than before
A) just like their relatives which became extinct B) it turns out that she is not as nice a person
B) the less chance they seem to have as I had thought
C) if their habitats are protected C) the less she wanted to many me
D) because others have already been D) I feel sorry for the poor man who married
exterminated her
E) as they are very sensitive to global warming E) the happier I am that she turned down my
proposal of marriage
24- I wish I hadn't spent so much money on a new
laptop ---- . 29- ---- was to have trusted him with your
money.
A) the less I use it because of my being too
busy during the day A) Of all the silly things you could have done
B) than a desktop, which actually would have B) I wouldn't have expected you to do anything
been more useful for me so silly
C) that it has far more programs than I actually C) The worst possible thing you could have
use done
D) because the technology has changed so D) Even though he is said to be a good
rapidly that it is already obsolete financial advisor
E) that the prices have come down so much in E) It would have been more sensible of you
the past year
30- Some youths have such a pessimistic
25- ----, there have been serious protests by local outlook on life ---- .
residents.
A) that they never expect anything good from
A) Because everyone will benefit from a project the future
both economical and environmentally friendly B) these should be the happiest days of their
B) Since many people's homes will be flooded lives
by the new dam project C) even if their marks are not always good
C) Although the project will leave large numbers enough
of people homeless D) than their elders, who have gone through a
D) Assuming that no one would object to a lot of hardships
project that should stimulate the local E) how the end of a relationship can be
economy devastating
E) The more everyone realises the benefits of
the project 31- ---- as to make a parachute jump out of an
aeroplane on her birthday.
26- She wishes her father had lived long enough
---- . A) It would have been a lot safer for my
daughter
A) and she has been feeling terribly lonely ever B) The most exciting thing that Naomi has
since done in her life
B) despite the illness he has been suffering from C) I didn't want my best friend to do anything
for the last two years so dangerous
C) than her uncle, who caused her lots of D) She is so much braver than her boyfriend
problems in the company E) Of all the amazing things my sister has
D) that he would be proud of his daughter's done this year
achievements
E) to see that she had managed to save the 32- We should have hired a larger car for this
company from going bankrupt vacation ---- .
27- As the enemy began to break through the A) the easier it would have been with the
defensive positions, ---- . children and our baggage
B) taking it without thinking how small it
A) it became more and more obvious that we actually was
would have to retreat C) so the rental company upgraded it for little
B) the newly recruited soldiers have been in extra cost
great panic D) that we don't have enough room with all
C) our officers should have known that this your relatives in the'back
would happen E) than we normally do when it is just the two
D) none of us know if we will ever be able to see of us
our homes again
E) obviously, much to the surprise of our
commanding officer
217
33- This book on the Crusades seems to be the 38- I think we might not have got here so quickly
most interesting ---- . ---- .
A) than all the others I had to read for my history A) if the streets hadn't been empty, with most
course people away on their holidays
B) out of all those that I managed to find in the B) unless the radio tells us that the traffic on
library the bridge is moving freely
C) that I should be able to use some of its points C) although we're going to take a shortcut
as the basis for my essay through the little streets in the town centre
D) as the other one was a little bit too dryly written D) even if the first taxi that we flagged down
E) just like the others I had already started to read hadn't stopped for us
E) because usually it is very difficult to get a
34- The more careless you are with your money, place on the minibus at this hour
---- .
39- The landlord promised me that I would have
A) the more quickly you will wind up getting into no more trouble with my apartment ----.
debt
B) leaving less to spend on the essentials every A) unless the toilet stopped leaking
month B) until I was more careful with turning the
C) the more likely you will have a happy water off
retirement C) if I give up trying to install a gas stove
D) you might still be able to save a little of your D) once he had had the dodgy wiring repaired
salary E) just as I was thinking of staying there for
E) you are definitely endangering your children's another year
future
40- ---- such rapid decreases in the value of the
35- The leaders of modern Poland have never currency.
made such a difficult decision ---- .
A) It was after the nation borrowed more than it
A) than the time that Solidarity won the first post- could afford
Communist elections in 1989 B) Even professional economists have given
B) that they were effectively under Soviet up
direction for about forty years C) The government's disastrous economic
C) when the Warsaw uprising was brutally policy is more likely
suppressed by the Nazis in 1943 D) No one in my father's generation could have
D) so they encouraged their population to vote for imagined
EU membership in 2004 E) Everyone chooses to keep their money in
E) as the one forced upon them in 1939, when dollars or Euros
Hitler gave them an ultimatum
41- The world sometimes seems so dangerous
36- In general, firms produce better products ---- . these days ---- .
A) to be able to compete successfully against its A) as people didn't know what to expect after
rivals the end of the Cold War
B) so the consumers were less inclined to change B) the United Nations failed to live up to its
their shopping habits promise to promote peace
C) that only wealthy people are able to afford C) as more compassionate politicians are
most of them needed
D) yet manufacturing has always been less risky D) that I find it quite impossible to be optimistic
in times of economic prosperity for the future
E) for the export market than they do for the E) when a lot of bloody wars were fought and
domestic one international terrorism arose
37- It is never too late ---- . 42- Tensions in south Asia have been much
more relaxed ---- .
A) when everybody understands that many
species of plants and animals are gone forever A) than the two wars fought over the
B) because the clock on our mantelpiece has possession of Kashmir
been broken for quite a while B) since the start of the peace moves between
C) to start to tackle the questions of poverty and India and Pakistan
disease on our planet C) when the Sri Lankan government opened
D) so you can also play your part in promoting the talks with Tamil rebels
path of peace in the Middle East D) if only people of different cultures could
E) considering that the native languages of North learn to live in peace
America have practically disappeared E) after the countries in the region were
granted independence in the 1940s
218
43- ----, the sooner we'll be off traveling to the 47- When we heard the news, I was even more
seaside. excited, ---- .
A) As soon as I finish preparing the A) that I stopped dead in the street, unable to
sandwiches believe my luck
B) If you were to pack your things yourself B) because they said that Eminem was coming
C) Unless you start picking up after yourself to give a concert here
D) No sooner can we find a room in that hotel C) as now we will be able to afford that
E) The more you give me a hand with the vacation in Vietnam that I have always
packing wanted
D) though I should be careful not to believe it
44- ----, but I do find it useful now in my work as without checking it first
a tourist guide. E) than Emma, and it was she who had won
the lottery
A) I used to believe that studying history was a
waste of time 48- ---- as in last year's, since we are all quite
B) Dancing was my favourite activity when I experienced now.
was a child
C) I like holidays in historical places better than A) We should not have so many unexpected
those spent elsewhere mishaps this year in organizing the event
D) I've always believed that reading about their B) Before anything else, we have to decide
city benefits all its inhabitants how much longer the event will last this
E) As a teenager, I never had any interest year
whatsoever in my school subjects C) Several members from the organizing
committee have offered to hold different
45- The food supply of a given country depends, competitions
among other factors, on such things ---- . D) It seems that, in order to hold all of the
competitions in the list, we'll need a larger
A) that more than half the world's population area
lives with hunger and malnutrition every day E) I really can't guess which of the
B) if every nation were completely self- competitions will be more popular with the
sufficient and operated under a free market participants
economy
C) since less than 12 percent of the Earth's 49- ---- that I would actually be more useful in
land area is arable another department of the same company.
D) yet with modern agricultural technology,
every nation should be able to feed its A) Talking to the human resources manager
citizens adequately proved to be very helpful for me
E) as weather, costs of production, and the B) I knew it was very important to take the
overall condition of its economy economic crisis into consideration
C) It turned out during the interview about the
46- Never before had I seen my son so tense position I'd applied for
---- . D) My qualifications perfectly matched the
requirements of the position
A) so I really think we should seek professional E) How I wished I had improved my computer
help for him without defay skills and languages
B) ever since he has been seeing his
academic advisor about his future career 50- I know that the title of the play looks
C) that he dashed out to meet his friends in incredibly boring, ---- .
order to spend the day enjoying themselves
D) as during the time when he was going to A) so it was written at the height of the English
represent his school in a maths competition Renaissance
E) than he felt during the whole year when he B) yet you might find it a pleasant surprise
was preparing for the university entrance when you read it
exam C) nor would you change your mind if you saw
it performed
D) but the playwright died in mysterious
circumstances
E) thus it is probably better that you go and
watch it anyway
219
VERBALS
1- One of the nicest things about living in the 7- She has such an unfortunate manner that I
mountains at this time of year was watching don't know how she tolerates ---- around by
the sheep ---- to their winter pastures in the him, but she appears ---- with it very well.
valley below.
A) to be ordered/coping
A) having led B) having ordered/to be coping
B) to have led C) being ordered/to cope
C) leading D) to order/to have coped
D) to be led E) ordering/coped
E) being led
8- The officials are planning ---- new bottle banks
2- They didn't mind ---- another month in order to at convenient locations throughout the city in
buy a better car. order to aid the country's recycling program.
A) to wait A) to have placed

B) in waiting B) to be placed
C) for waiting C) placing
D) waiting D) to place
E) to have waited E) having placed
3- I'd like ---- your report when you've finished ---- 9- We don't encourage our customers ---- our
it. horses ---- a proper riding hat.
A) to have read/to write A) to ride/without wearing

B) reading/to be written B) to be riding/by not wearing
C) having read/to have written C) having ridden/not wearing
D) read/having written D) to have ridden/not to wear
E) to read/writing E) riding/of not wearing
4- A lot of people look for the cheapest driving 10- The travel agent recommends ---- early if one
school without ---- how important the quality of prefers ---- at a hotel close to the sea.
the training is.
A) to book/having stayed
A) realizing B) book/stayed
B) to realise C) being booked/to be staying
C) being realized D) booking/to stay
D) to have realised E) to be booked/to have stayed
E) having been realized
11- If we intend to have central heating ---- for
5- Despite being advised ---- in such terrible winter, then we should start ---- some money
weather, the climbers were determined ---- the aside every month.
ascent that day.
A) to install/to put
A) don't climb/having attempted B) installed/putting
B) not to climb/to attempt C) to be installing/being put
C) to have climbed/attempting D) to have installed/put
D) not climbing/to have attempted E) installing/to be putting
E) having climbed/being attempted
12- I heard him ---- although he tried ---- his cough.
6- I didn't want ---- in his private business, but he
looked so miserable that I couldn't help ---- him A) to approach/stifling
if everything was all right. B) approaching/stifle
C) approached/having stifled
A) interfering/to ask D) to be approached/stifled
B) interfere/having asked E) approach/to stifle
C) to interfere/asking
D) to have interfered/to have asked
E) to be interfering/being asked
220
13- With his reputation, he could choose ---- at any 19- In addition ---- more, he stopped ---- sugary
hospital, but he is known ---- to the children's foods for the sake of maintaining his health.
hospital.
A) to exercise/to eat
A) to be working/being devoted B) for exercising/to be eating
B) having worked/having devoted C) to exercising/eating
C) work/having been devoted D) to be exercising/having eaten
D) to work/to be devoted E) having exercised/to have eaten
E) working/to have devoted
20- Simon regrets ---- part in the preparations for
14- A: It's not worth ---- a barbecue now that the the English department's annual play as his
summer is almost over. friends appear ---- a great time preparing the
B: That shouldn't matter as our storage room stage and the decorations.
is large enough ---- one in until next year.
A) not to take/to have had
A) bought/to have kept B) not having taken/to be having
B) having to buy/keeping C) not taking/having had
C) buying/to keep D) not to have taken/to have
D) to be bought/for keeping E) not taken/having
E) to have bought/keep
21- The spokesperson asked if there was anybody
15- For a lot of English teachers, ---- able to speak present who could help them ---- up after the
Turkish is one of the hardest things about ---- meeting.
here.
A) having cleared
A) not being/living B) clearing
B) not be/having lived C) being cleared
C) not having been/to live D) clear
D) not to be/to have lived E) to be clearing
E) not to have been/live
22- She can't help ---- people advice even when
16- If you are concerned ---- ready for the visitors, they haven't asked for any.
we are willing ---- behind until the office looks
respectable. A) to offer
B) offer
A) to get/having stayed C) to have offered
B) about getting/to stay D) having offered
C) for getting/stay E) offering
D) to be getting/staying
E) to have got/being stayed 23- On the night of the robbery, one of the
residents had seen a blue van ---- up and down
17- We would be happy ---- a written estimate of the street, but he hadn't thought ---- the police.
the costs if you require one.
A) to drive/about informing
A) supply B) driving/of informing
B) to supply C) drive/to have informed
C) supplied D) to be driving/to inform
D) supplying E) having driven/informing
E) having supplied
24- Upon seeing the condition of the car, we were
18- Whenever we drive through that town, we stop relieved ---- a more serious accident.
---- a cup of tea and a cake at the little cafe
there. Their cakes are really delicious. A) to have avoided
B) being avoided
A) to have C) to be avoiding
B) having D) avoiding
C) have E) to be avoided
D) having had
E) to have had
221
25- I wish I hadn't kept ---- when I heard that 31- I didn't mean ---- that your products aren't
strange sound ---- from the engine. normally very good, but this machine is
definitely faulty.
A) drive/to be coming
B) having driven/to come A) being implied
C) to be driving/come B) imply
D) driving/coming C) to imply
E) to drive/to have come D) to be implying
E) having implied
26- I would lend you my bicycle, but the chain
needs ---- . 32- I disapprove of her ---- so much time ----
computer games. It is not healthy.
A) fixed
B) to fix A) to spend/to play
C) fixing B) spending/playing
D) to be fixing C) to have spent/having played
E) having fixed D) having spent/play
E) to be spending/played
27- Three firemen had to come out of the blazing
warehouse for fear ---- by the smoke. 33- I hope you don't delay ---- the report any longer
now that you've completed ---- those accounts.
A) to have suffocated
B) having suffocated A) writing/checking
C) from suffocating B) to write/to check
D) to be suffocated C) being written/having checked
E) of being suffocated D) to be writing/to have checked
E) to be written/being checked
28- Because the weather is so changeable here, I
usually take a cardigan with me in case it gets 34- Although the fire chief told the owner of the
colder later in the day as I can't stand ---- cold burning store ---- the building immediately, he
all day. was still trying ---- at least some of the
contents of his shop out.
A) to be feeling
B) feel A) to have left/bringing
C) having felt B) to be left/to be brought
D) to have felt C) having left/brought
E) feeling D) to leave/to bring
E) being left/to have brought
29- One of the best forms of exercise is ----
because it uses a lot of muscles without ---- 35- After much pleading, the students got the
any of them. teacher ---- the exam until next Monday.
A) to swim/being strained A) postponing

B) having swum/to strain B) to postpone
C) swimming/straining C) postpone
D) to be swimming/having strained D) postponed
E) to have swum/strained E) having postponed
30- I doubt that her father will let her ---- on this 36- It took us so long ---- the material my mother
camping holiday with us because he thinks wanted that, by the time we got home, I was
she is too young ---- a holiday with her friends. too tired ---- steady on my feet.
A) go/to take A) finding/standing

B) to go/to be taking B) to find/to stand
C) going/having taken C) to have found/stand
D) having gone/taking D) find/to have stood
E) to be going/take E) having found/stood
222
37- During her apprenticeship as a fashion 44- Smoking is known ---- hazardous, yet a large
designer, she learnt how ---- the best material number of people keep ---- it.
for each piece of clothing.
A) as being/to be doing
A) choosing B) for being/to do
B) to have chosen C) to be/doing
C) having chosen D) being/to have done
D) to choose E) having been/having done
E) to be choosing
45- Can you tell me where ---- the customer record
38- Just let me ---- which day your parents will arrive cards please?
and I'll be glad ---- them around Eskişehir.
A) finding
A) to know/to be showing B) to be finding
B) know/to show C) to find
C) known/to have shown D) having found
D) knowing/showing E) to have found
E) have known/having shown
46- At first, my father had difficulty ---- to
39- The part in the film where the man broke down retirement, but slowly he began to enjoy ---- in
the door made some of the audience ---- a cry. the garden.
A) to give A) adjust/be working

B) giving B) adjusted/having worked
C) give C) having adjusted/to be working
D) given D) adjusting/working
E) gave E) to adjust/to work
40- This painting appears ---- a valuable one. I 47- It's typical of her ---- more time than usual
think you should get an expert ---- it. tidying up whenever she has an essay ---- .
A) have been/to be valuing A) being spent/written

B) to have been/value B) to be spending/write
C) being/being valued C) spend/writing
D) having been/valued D) spending/having written
E) to be/to value E) to spend/to write
41- He has just phoned ---- me that the supplier 48- After several cities have put forward their
was prepared ---- the price by one hundred proposals ---- the Olympic Games, the
dollars. International Olympic Committee decides
which city ---- the next Olympics in.
A) to have told/reducing
B) to be telling/reduce A) to host/to hold
C) telling/to have reduced B) being hosted/holding
D) to tell/to reduce C) hosting/to be held
E) having told/having reduced D) to have hosted/hold
E) to be hosted/having held
42- To celebrate the town's five hundredth
anniversary, they are having a sculpture ---- by 49- We ought to have the carpets ---- before your
a famous sculptor who was born there. parents come to visit.
A) made A) cleaning
B) make B) clean
C) to make C) cleaned
D) making D) to clean
E) to be making E) being cleaned
43- There isn't any point ---- for your examinations 50- The word deafness is used ---- any degree of
at the last minute. It won't help you ---- hearing loss, though it is most common when
anything. there is a total inability ----.
A) for cramming/to remember A) to describing/hearing

B) in cramming/remember B) for describing/heard
C) to be cramming/remembering C) to be described/being heard
D) crammed/to have remembered D) to describe/to hear
E) having crammed/remembered E) describing/having heard
223
51- I'd really rather ---- more time to prepare the 57- The impressionist painting technique is
drafts for the extension to the factory because considered ---- by the combined works of
I had a terrible time ---- to finish them before Claude Monet and Pierre Auguste Renoir the
the board meeting. best.
A) have been given/trying A) to have represented

B) to be given/to have tried B) to be representing
C) having given/to be trying C) having represented
D) to have given/having tried D) to be represented
E) given/having been trying E) representing
52- Some cows in India have humps, which aid 58- Usually men don't like to waste time ---- in
them ---- by ---- a store of fat and water in the shops. They prefer ---- shopping only when
dry season. they have something particular to buy.
A) surviving/being provided A) browsed/to be going

B) to survive/providing B) to be browsing/go
C) to be surviving/having provided C) having browsed/going
D) survived/to be providing D) browsing/to go
E) survive/provided E) browse/having gone
53- Our office is near the market, so on market 59- If this mistake should cause our client ---- his
days we can hear the traders ---- out the prices order, I will hold you personally responsible.
of the goods they are selling.
A) canceling
A) to call B) to cancel
B) to be calling C) to be cancelled
C) called D) cancel
D) being called E) having cancelled
E) calling
60- The illness from which thirty of the town's
54- It's difficult ---- the rules of chess in a short inhabitants are suffering is believed ---- by a
time, so I think it will be easier now to show contaminated water supply.
you how ---- backgammon.
A) to have been caused
A) being explained/to be playing B) having caused
B) explaining/playing C) to have caused
C) to explain/to play D) to be causing
D) to be explained/playing E) having been caused
E) explain/to have played
61- I don't remember ---- that the prices have gone
55- If you had remembered ---- your swimming up, so just now, I told a customer the old price
costume with you, we could go ---- in the lake for this item.
now.
A) to tell
A) bringing/to swim B) telling
B) to have brought/swim C) being told
C) having brought/swum D) told
D) to bring/swimming E) to be told
E) to be bringing/having swum
62- It's not worth ---- so much at an expensive
56- Today the managers are busy ---- the yearly hotel if we are to spend most of our time ----
price increase. over the hills.
A) discussing A) being paid/walked

B) for discussing B) to pay/to walk
C) by discussing C) paying/walking
D) to be discussing D) having paid/be walking
E) to discuss E) paid/having walked
224
63- The famous pop singers the Everly Brothers 70- My father wears bifocals, that is glasses with
are believed ---- up after a bitter disagreement. lenses made in two halves, so that he can both
read and see long distances without ---- his
A) being split glasses.
B) splitting
C) having split A) to change
D) to be split B) changing
E) to have split C) to be changing
D) being changed
64- As you chose ---- the safety regulations, you E) having been changed
can only blame yourself for ---- disaster.
71- He didn't deserve ---- responsible for the failure
A) ignore/to have invited in the presentation.
B) to ignore/having invited
C) ignoring/to be invited A) to hold
D) ignored/to invite B) holding
E) having ignored/invite C) held
D) having held
65- It's a nice house, but the trouble is that, if you E) to be held
move there, it will mean your ---- the children
to a different school. 72- They shouldn't have asked him ---- so many
things at once. It was obvious that he wouldn't
A) having sent have time ---- all of them.
B) sent
C) to be sending A) being done/finish
D) sending B) to do/to finish
E) to send C) to be done/finished
D) doing/to have finished
66- The balcony needs ---- before we can sit out on E) having done/finishing
it. Don't you think?
73- Copper bangles are thought by some ----
A) to be cleaned sufferers of rheumatism.
B) to clean
C) clean A) to help
D) having cleaned B) helping
E) cleaned C) to be helped
D) help
67- I don't know if I'm fit enough ---- with you to a E) having helped
high impact aerobics class. It might be too
energetic for me ---- up with the class. 74- Despite strong opposition at the beginning,
several members are now beginning ---- the
A) going/keeping advantages of the new scheme.
B) to go/keeping
C) to go/to keep A) realizing
D) going/to keep B) to have realised
E) to be going/keep C) realize
D) to realise
68- I would like to thank everyone ---- to the E) having realized
meeting. It's nice to know that so many local
residents care ---- our neighbourhood clean. 75- Her parents' attempts ---- her did not deter her
---- at art school.
A) by coming/for keeping
B) to be coming/to have kept A) to dissuade/from enrolling
C) on coming/by keeping B) dissuade/for enrolling
D) coming/keeping C) dissuaded/on enrolling
E) for coming/about keeping D) to be dissuaded/enrolling
E) dissuading/by enrolling
69- We didn't anticipate ---- there in the middle of
the night and had to wait until morning ----
accommodation.
A) to arrive/finding
B) having arrived/for finding
C) arrive/to have found
D) arriving/to find
E) to have arrived/about finding
225
76- The Louvre Museum in Paris is considered ---- 82- Please accept my apologies ---- to conclusions
one of the most comprehensive collections of without ---- to your explanation first.
oil paintings in the world.
A) to be jumping/to be listening
A) to have B) by jumping/having listened
B) having had C) to have jumped/not to listen
C) have D) having jumped/listen
D) having E) for having jumped/listening
E) to be having
83- In some popular tourist spots, reservations
77- The conference is too far away for you ---- must be made weeks in advance, which often
there and back in one day. You'll have to stay means ---- a travel agent ---- it for you.
overnight.
A) asking/to do
A) travel B) to ask/having done
B) traveling C) being asked/doing
C) to travel D) having asked/done
D) to be travelling E) to be asked/do
E) having travelled
84- Understandably, the residents in the slum area
78- His eagerness ---- the meeting early may have watched desperately their houses ---- down by
had something to do with the cup final being the municipality officials.
shown on television that evening.
A) to be pulled
A) finish B) having pulled
B) finishing C) pulling
C) finished D) being pulled
D) to finish E) to be pulling
E) to be finishing
85- The soldier was caught ---- while on duty and
79- It's the third time this year that the Smiths was severely punished for it.
have had their restaurant ----. Some youths
broke the windows and sprayed paint A) to sleep
everywhere. B) sleeping
C) having slept
A) vandalizing D) to be sleeping
B) vandalised E) to have slept
C) vandalise
D) to vandalise 86- I think we should get the car ---- before we go
E) being vandalized on holiday.
80- When he failed ---- his assignment four times A) to service

consecutively, his maths teacher made him ---- B) being serviced
out "I will do my homework in the future," fifty C) serviced
times. D) servicing
E) having serviced
A) doing/writing
B) to have done/written 87- They were on the point ---- when they spotted
C) having done/to write reinforcements ---- in the distance.
D) do/having written
E) to do/write A) to have surrendered/come
B) to surrender/to be coming
81- When he was at university, he imagined the life C) for surrendering/having come
of a lawyer ---- quite easy, but when he started D) of surrendering/coming
---- for a law firm, he found the work quite E) with surrendering/to come
stressful.
88- He is lucky ---- in the accident, because his car
A) being/having worked was judged irreparable and written-off by the
B) to have been/work insurance officials.
C) to be/working
D) having been/to work A) not having killed
E) be/to be working B) not being killed
C) not to have killed
D) not having been killed
E) not to have been killed
226
89- The government's scheme ---- up the beaches 95- The two businessmen made a fortune ---- their
never really got started, although there were product until several other companies began
several institutions that had offered ---- part in ---- similar items.
the cause voluntarily.
A) to have sold/manufacturing
A) cleaned/to have taken B) sold/to be manufacturing
B) clean/to be taking C) for selling/manufacture
C) cleaning/having taken D) sell/to have manufactured
D) having cleaned/taking E) by selling/to manufacture
E) to clean/to take
96- The way he avoided our questions made us ----
90- Suicide-prevention centers have been set up in his sincerity.
many countries, which maintain telephone hot
lines that desperate or lonely individuals may A) to doubt
use ---- help. B) doubt
C) having doubted
A) getting D) doubted
B) to get E) doubting
C) to be getting
D) having got 97- The slave trade from Africa following the
E) to have got European settlement of America is said ---- as
many as 20 million people from their homes
91- I want to get to the conference hall early ---- and brought them to the Americas.
enough time ---- up the equipment.
A) to be uprooting
A) for leaving/setting B) to have uprooted
B) leave/to have set C) having uprooted
C) leaving/being set D) to uproot
D) to leave/to set E) uprooting
E) being left/having set
98- He was proud ---- contributing something to
92- He sat there, on the platform, ---- into space such a worthwhile community project.
without ---- anything particular in his mind.
A) of
A) to stare/having had B) for
B) having stared/have C) with
C) to be staring/to have D) from
D) staring/having E) over
E) to have stared/to be having
99- This song is appropriate ---- including in our
93- According to criminal law, it is no defense for end-of-term presentation.
a person ---- he was unaware that what he did
was against the law. A) in
B) from
A) to say C) with
B) to have said D) about
C) said E) for
D) saying
E) having said 100- She was delighted ---- being asked to play the
piano at the party.
94- The author would like ---- her friends, family
and colleagues who encouraged her ---- this A) in
book. B) on
C) at
A) have thanked/producing D) for
B) thanking/to have produced E) of
C) to thank/to produce
D) having thanked/being produced 101- Before I came to Turkey, I wasn't accustomed
E) to be thanked/having produced ---- drinking tea without milk in it, but now I
quite like it.
A) with
B) to
C) about
D) for
E) from
227
102- You could leave Matthew in charge when you 109- Normally I wouldn't ---- of interfering with your
go on holiday. I think he is capable ---- looking work, but haven't you hung that picture upside
after everything, and he has proved himself to down?
be reliable.
A) abstain
A) for B) argue
B) with C) object
C) of D) dream
D) from E) attempt
E) about
110- The customs officers ---- the man with
103- The children are very excited ---- collecting importing endangered animals and if he is
their new puppy tomorrow. found guilty, he will probably serve a prison
term.
A) with
B) on A) discouraged
C) for B) prevented
D) about C) arrested
E) from D) stopped
E) charged
104- We're fond ---- picnicking in the park in the
summer. 111- We should ---- full advantage of being a
member of the sports club and go there more
A) with often.
B) at
C) about A) participate
D) from B) take
E) of C) plan
D) concentrate
105- I am very grateful to you ---- lending me money E) insist
when I needed it last week.
112- Railway officials should take stricter measures
A) with to ---- youths from jumping onto moving trains.
B) on
C) about A) involve
D) for B) blame
E) from C) forgive
D) prevent
106- He used to be lazy ---- watching his stall, but E) suspect
since he was robbed, he has never left it
unattended. 113- I think you should ---- to the tour manager
about not being picked up from the hotel at the
A) about correct time.
B) for
C) of A) apologise
D) on B) warn
E) from C) complain
D) accuse
107- Instead of facing up to the problem, he uses E) require
any excuse ---- putting off dealing with it.
114- The opposition ---- to the government's
A) for mishandling of the current situation.
B) of
C) about A) assisted
D) to B) commenced
E) by C) considered
D) planned
108- They have been ---- improving the system for E) referred
ages, but they never actually do anything.
A) offering
B) concentrating
C) discussing
D) participating
E) preventing
228
115- The students are asking for volunteers to ---- in 122- When you telephone Lisa ---- her of the
campaigning for human rights. departmental meeting, please make it clear
that we don't blame her ---- the order.
A) participate
B) approve A) to have informed/to lose
C) consider B) informing/to have lost
D) insist C) having informed/about losing
E) depend D) to be informed/on losing
E) to inform/for losing
116- The terrorist group is known ---- an extensive
supply of weapons. 123- I will be sorry ---- this company, but I was
offered an opportunity ---- in a field which I
A) to have really enjoy.
B) having
C) having had A) leaving/to have worked
D) to be having B) to leave/to work
E) have had C) having left/about working
D) with leaving/for working
117- Please play something else instead of Chris E) to have left/work
Rea. His music is too slow ---- at a party.
124- I was surprised at the low level of service
A) playing offered by them as I had believed them ---- a
B) to play respected company.
C) played
D) having played A) be
E) being played B) being
C) to be
118- ---- the cottages, we raised enough money to D) having been
renovate the manor house. E) have been
A) For selling 125- There is no point in going ---- when you haven't
B) By selling got enough money ---- anything.
C) To have sold
D) On being sold A) to shop/on buying
E) Not being sold B) to be shopping/for buying
C) shop/having bought
119- As Sheila is moving house on Monday, she's D) shopping/to buy
asked me ---- her ---- up all her belongings. E) having shopped/to be buying
A) helping/packing 126- It will cost too much money ---- a full colour
B) help/having packed leaflet. The advertising agency has advised us
C) to help/pack to have one ---- in black and white.
D) to be helped/to pack
E) help/to be packing A) producing/being produced
B) produced/to produce
120- My son has scribbled with a ballpoint pen on C) to produce/produced
the kitchen wall. In an effort to remove it, I've D) to be producing/producing
tried ---- it, but that didn't work, so I intend ---- E) having produced/produce
the kitchen at the weekend.
127- Your willingness ---- new things resulted in
A) to clean/repaint your ---- this management training.
B) having cleaned/repainted
C) to have cleaned/repainting A) learning/to be offered
D) cleaning/to repaint B) to have learnt/for offering
E) clean/being repainted C) learn/to have offered
D) to learn/being offered
121- The rebels in Sierra Leone try ---- the village E) learnt/having been offered
people ---- them by cutting off some of the
inhabitants' hands.
A) making/obeyed
B) to have made/to obey
C) having made/obeying
D) make/to be obeying
E) to make/obey
229
128- I don't think it is a good time ---- Linda. She'll 135- I know she isn't here at the moment because I
be busy ---- thirty exam papers this evening, saw her ---- the building, but I don't know if she
which won't be easy. intends ---- later today.
A) visiting/to mark A) to leave/returning

B) to have visited/mark B) leave/to have returned
C) for visiting/to be marked C) leaving/to return
D) to visit/marking D) left/to be returned
E) to be visiting/having marked E) to be leaving/return
129- She was furious when she found her younger 136- I was worried about my sister's ---- divorced
sister ---- on her clothes. from her husband, and for days, I couldn't help
---- how she'd cope with it.
A) try
B) being tried A) get/to wonder
C) to try B) getting/wondering
D) on trying C) to get/wonder
E) trying D) to have got/having wondered
E) having got/wondered
130- It is a lovely drawing, but I think it needs ---- to
look its best. 137- I was unable to help my friends ---- for 'Help
the Aged' because my boss had asked me ----
A) to frame that Saturday.
B) to be framed
C) to have framed A) to campaign/work
D) being framed B) campaigning/worked
E) framed C) campaign/to work
D) being campaigned/working
131- The new football stadium is said ---- seating for E) campaigned/to have worked
100,000 spectators.
138- I started my journey without ---- at the map, but
A) to have I soon regretted ---- so, as I drove a long way
B) having off the route.
C) had
D) to have had A) looking/doing
E) have B) to look/to do
C) look/to have done
132- I managed ---- the tall bottle of cola into the D) having looked/do
refrigerator ---- the middle shelf. E) looked/having done
A) fitting/to move 139- Johnny, will you stop ---- your father so many
B) to fit/by moving questions? He's busy ---- out his tax return.
C) being fitted/to be moving
D) by fitting/to have moved A) to have asked/to fill
E) for fitting/moving B) asked/to have filled
C) to be asked/fill
133- The rebels are estimated ---- tens of thousands D) to ask/to be filling
of civilians during the civil war which lasted E) asking/filling
six years.
140- Veronica is so vain that every time she passes
A) killed a mirror, she stops ---- at her reflection.
B) to kill
C) to have killed A) looking
D) killing B) looked
E) being killed C) having looked
D) to look
134- Sonia got accustomed to her job at the private E) to have looked
hospital quickly because, apart from ---- richer
patients, it is quite similar to ---- for the health
authority.
A) to have/work
B) have/be worked
C) to have had/worked
D) having/working
E) had/having worked
230
141- The workers would be even willing ---- lower 148- Some Third World countries spend so much of
wages if it meant the factory ---- open. their annual budgets ---- interests on loans that
there is little left over with which ---- social
A) accepting/stayed problems.
B) to accept/staying
C) accept/to have stayed A) paying/to tackle
D) accepted/having stayed B) pay/to have tackled
E) to have accepted/stay C) to pay/tackling
D) paid/having tackled
142- My clearest memory of my childhood is of ---- E) to be paying/tackle
with the street dogs and I also remember ---- to
the beach, which was very close to our house. 149- He regretted ---- the contract without ---- the
small print on the back of the form.
A) to play/to have gone
B) play/having gone A) to sign/to read
C) playing/going B) signing/reading
D) played/gone C) having signed/read
E) having played/to go D) sign/to have read
E) signed/having read
143- ---- when I don't feel well is the worst thing
about acting in stage plays. 150- I think Julia dislikes ---- the documents
although she claims ---- it willingly.
A) Perform
B) By performing A) file/having done
C) Performing B) filed/to be doing
D) For performing C) filing/to do
E) Performed D) to file/doing
E) to be filed/done
144- Innocent people deserve ---- from the gunmen
and thieves in the area. 151- The Egyptian Pharaoh Akhnaten, who
worshipped only the Sun, is thought ---- the
A) to be protected inspiration behind Moses, whose monotheism
B) to have protected provided the basis for Judaism, Christianity
C) having protected and Islam.
D) for protecting
E) to protect A) to have been
B) had been
145- Asbestos is thought ---- around the time of C) having been
Aristotle, and during Roman times, it was used D) about being
---- fireproof clothing. E) have been
A) to have discovered/to making 152- There is no point in ---- the washing out
B) being discovered/making because it keeps ---- with rain.
C) having been discovered/make
D) to discover/to have made A) to hang/to shower
E) to have been discovered/to make B) hanging/showering
C) hang/shower
146- It was such an unruly class that the teacher D) hung/having showered
struggled just ---- order, but she endeavoured E) having hung/showered
---- those students who were willing to learn.
153- I dislike spending my time ----, so I prefer ----
A) keeping/teach clothes made from synthetic fabrics.
B) keep/teaching
C) to have kept/taught A) to iron/to buy
D) to be kept/having taught B) ironed/bought
E) to keep/to teach C) ironing/buying
D) iron/being bought
147- Don't you think the assistant deserves ---- a E) having ironed/buy
day off after working so hard at the exhibition?
A) to give
B) to be given
C) giving
D) gave
E) having given
231
154- In my opinion, it's ridiculous ---- a computer as 161- After the game, the players sat around ----
a present for a three-year-old child. themselves on their performance.
A) bought A) being congratulated

B) buy B) congratulate
C) having bought C) congratulating
D) being bought D) to have congratulated
E) to buy E) congratulated
155- I don't think I would enjoy ---- a cricket match 162- The photographs he took of the products were
as I don't understand the rules. too dark ---- on the company's web site, so
he'll have to get some ---- professionally.
A) to watch
B) being watched A) using/to be taken
C) having watched B) to be used/taken
D) watching C) to use/taking
E) watch D) use/to take
E) being used/take
156- Because they both work at the family's flower
shop, they have agreed ---- about flowers at 163- The director of the play still hasn't decided
weekends. whom ---- in the role of the hero.
A) not to talk A) casting

B) not talking B) to cast
C) haven't talked C) cast
D) not talk D) having cast
E) don't talk E) being cast
157- ---- the old hospital would cost £1 million, so 164- Why don't you go and ask a chemist ----
the council are considering ---- the building to something ---- dry skin?
developers.
A) recommending/soothed
A) Demolishing/selling B) having recommended/soothe
B) To demolish/to sell C) recommend/having soothed
C) Demolished/to have sold D) to recommend/to soothe
D) Having demolished/sell E) recommended/soothing
E) Being demolished/having sold
165- The problem with Simon is that he thinks he
158- Being able to think quickly and having an can succeed ---- a degree without ---- any
up-to-date knowledge of a language is lectures.
essential ---- speakers simultaneously.
A) gaining/having attended
A) having translated B) to gain/to have attended
B) translate C) on gaining/attended
C) to translate D) for gaining/to attend
D) translated E) in gaining/attending
E) translating
166- We have decided ---- a new Ford Focus, but we
159- In order to save money and energy, we are are not certain about which colour ----.
going to have double glazed windows ----.
A) buying/choosing
A) having installed B) bought/chosen
B) install C) having bought/choose
C) to install D) to have bought/be chosen
D) installed E) to buy/to choose
E) installing
167- Wearing high-heeled shoes for long periods
160- In his performance against Brazil, he proved can result in women ---- too much pain from
himself ---- a skilled player. their feet ---- in active work.
A) was A) to suffer/continuing
B) be B) suffer/having continued
C) having been C) suffering/to continue
D) being D) suffered/not to continue
E) to be E) having suffered/not continuing
232
168- His daughter persuaded him ---- his heart 175- Your hair needs ---- before you go back to
operation in a private hospital instead of school.
waiting for one in a state hospital as she could
see his condition ---- worse daily. A) to cut
B) being cut
A) to have/getting C) cutting
B) from having/to get D) having cut
C) having had/get E) to be cutting
D) to be having/to have got
E) have/having been getting 176- The social worker gave the students a talk ----
them against ---- drugs.
169- I knew the answer, but I didn't press the buzzer
quickly enough ---- the prize. A) to warn/taking
B) having warned/to take
A) winning C) warning/taken
B) to win D) to have warned/take
C) win E) warn/having taken
D) won
E) being won 177- He's not in the habit ---- lies, but he had to
make up an excuse ---- the afternoon off for his
170- Robert didn't work as carefully last year as he job interview.
does this year, and the boss had even
threatened ---- him if he didn't improve his A) of telling/to take
work. B) to tell/to have taken
C) for telling/being taken
A) sacking D) being told/taking
B) being sacked E) having told/to be taken
C) to be sacked
D) to sack 178- In the Middle Ages, surrounding a castle with a
E) to have sacked ditch filled with water proved ---- a successful
technique ---- its security.
171- I'd love ---- on my own, but I simply can't afford
---- my own flat. A) being/to be ensured
B) to have been/ensure
A) to live/to have C) having been/of ensuring
B) living/having D) have been/to ensure
C) live/to be having E) to be/for ensuring
D) having lived/have
E) to have lived/having had 179- The most effective way ---- the destructiveness
of earthquakes is ---- buildings and other
172- The receptionist never minds ---- with sending structures capable of withstanding strong
out the new catalogues. shaking.
A) to help A) reducing/being constructed

B) to have helped B) reduced/having constructed
C) to be helping C) to be reduced/constructing
D) have helped D) to reduce/to construct
E) helping E) reduce/to be constructed
173- The manager likes ---- on all pricing decisions. 180- The children were ---- giving up hope when
someone phoned to say their dog had been
A) to have consulted found.
B) having consulted
C) to be consulting A) in the habit of
D) to be consulted B) in return for
E) having been consulting C) on the point of
D) for the sake of
174- I am hoping ---- for the school basketball team E) in exchange for
next week.
A) picking
B) to be picked
C) to pick
D) picked
E) pick
233
181- ---- a doorman at a hotel consists ---- greeting 188- We should appreciate ---- in the 20th century,
guests and taking them to their rooms. when we have so many appliances ---- the
hardships of our lives.
A) To be/in
B) To have been/for A) to be living/easing
C) Being/of B) having lived/being eased
D) Having been/about C) living/to ease
E) Be/from D) to live/having eased
E) live/to be easing
182- She should have apologised to him ---- spilling
coffee down his suit. 189- You don't appear ---- the formula. Do you want
me ---- it once more?
A) about
B) with A) having understood/explaining
C) of B) understand/to have explained
D) for C) to have understood/to explain
E) by D) understood/to be explaining
E) understanding/having explained
183- Sheep have been so changed by breeding that
their wild ancestors are hard ----. 190- My mother won't allow anyone ---- living room
until she finishes ----.
A) identifying
B) being identified A) enter/to vacuum
C) to identify B) to enter/vacuuming
D) identify C) entering/having vacuumed
E) having identified D) entered/to be vacuuming
E) having entered/vacuum
184- Shopping for fruit and vegetables makes me
---- hungry. 191- That's strange. I saw him ---- his bike along the
river this morning and he didn't mention
A) to feel anything about ---- his job.
B) feel
C) felt A) riding/changing
D) feeling B) having ridden/change
E) to be feeling C) to be riding/to change
D) ride/to have changed
185- We haven't yet decided when ---- a meeting, so E) to ride/having changed
we'll let you ---- as soon as we've fixed a date.
192- I imagine Sally was about ---- when I asked her
A) to hold/know ---- a letter for me, as she looked rather
B) holding/to know reluctant.
C) held/to be known
D) to have held/knowing A) leaving/to have typed
E) having held/known B) to be leaving/typing
C) to leave/to type
186- Tobacco, which we now know ---- so harmful, D) to have left/type
was once thought ---- medicinal value. E) having left/typed
A) being/to be having 193- Don't you think we should consider ---- the
B) is/had had chimney ---- before the winter?
C) has been/having had
D) to have been/having A) to be getting/to sweep
E) to be/to have B) to have got/sweep
C) having got/sweeping
187- His ability ---- well makes him a great preacher. D) to get/being swept
E) getting/swept
A) being communicated
B) communicated 194- In an emergency, even a child can save a life if
C) having communicated he or she knows what ----.
D) to communicate
E) communicating A) to do
B) doing
C) being done
D) have done
E) having done
234
195- Knowledge of nutrition helps you ---- proper 201- Remember ---- off the washing machine before
eating habits ---- a healthy life. you leave home, will you?
A) to develop/having maintained A) switching

B) developing/maintaining B) to have switched
C) developed/maintained C) having switched
D) develop/to maintain D) switch
E) having developed/maintain E) to switch
196- Mankind first used indestructible materials to 202- Both sides seem ---- on to their determination
erect large structures ---- in but ---- their gods ---- a peaceful solution, don't they?
from.
A) to be held/finding
A) without living/being worshipped B) to be holding/to find
B) to be living/having worshipped C) holding/to be finding
C) having lived/to be worshipped D) having held/found
D) not to live/to worship E) held/having found
E) by not living/worshipped
203- It is sometimes difficult for parents ---- whether
197- I tried ---- careful ---- his feelings. ---- their children for misbehaving.
A) being/not hurting A) to decide/to punish

B) to be/not to hurt B) deciding/to be punishing
C) to have been/don't hurt C) being decided/punish
D) having been/didn't hurt D) decided/having punished
E) be/not to have hurt E) having decided/punishing
198- ---- at the details of the famous sculptor 204- A: Did you have difficulty ---- our office?
Rodin's works, we can see his ability ---- B: No, it was quite easy ---- here.
feeling through facial expression and through
hands. A) to find/to have got
B) having found/getting
A) To look/being conveyed C) finding/to get
B) By looking/to convey D) to be finding/get
C) Having looked/convey E) find/having got
D) To be looking/conveying
E) Being looked/to be conveying 205- I never seem ---- enough time ---- everything I
want.
199- Ludlow is considered ---- the most beautiful
mediaeval street in England. Do you fancy ---- A) having/doing
there for sightseeing tonight? B) to be having/done
C) have/to be doing
A) having/to go D) to have/to do
B) had/go E) to have had/do
C) to have/going
D) have/to go 206- A talented actress like Tracy shouldn't be
E) having/go wasting her talent ---- in a soap opera.
200- The singer Nick Hucknall has decided ---- a A) acting

two-year break, but he won't have any money B) to act
problems. He has already made enough money C) act
---- a lifetime. D) acted
E) to be acted
A) to take/to last
B) taking/lasting 207- Money motivates most people ---- hard, even
C) take/to be lasting though it may cause them ---- a lot of stress.
D) taken/to have lasted
E) having taken/lasted A) working/undergoing
B) to be working/undergo
C) to work/to undergo
D) work/to have undergone
E) worked/having undergone
235
208- She caught her son and his friend ---- 214- We had arranged ---- after work on Friday ----
computer games when they were supposed our holiday plans.
---- an assignment for school.
A) to meet/to discuss
A) to play/to be prepared B) meeting/discussing
B) playing/to be preparing C) to meet/discussing
C) play/having prepared D) meeting/to discuss
D) to be playing/preparing E) meet/having discussed
E) played/to prepare
215- The florist was nervous about the wedding
209- I was against my daughter ---- to a late night order ---- account ---- the customer being very
party, but she got the permission in the end hard to please.
because she really knows how ---- people.
A) on/of
A) to go/to be persuading B) with/on
B) gone/persuading C) about/for
C) go/to have persuaded D) in/with
D) going/to persuade E) for/to
E) to be going/persuade
216- If I were you, I would forget ---- getting
210- The actor is believed ---- the TV drama because promoted there and look for more rewarding
of an illness. job somewhere else.
A) to have left A) for

B) leaving B) about
C) to be left C) of
D) leave D) in
E) left E) with
211- As trainees, we spent several days ---- to 217- If you insist ---- having all this paperwork
presentations and lectures about how ---- the completed, how do you expect your staff ----
product. any time with customers?
A) to listen/selling A) of/spending
B) listen/to be selling B) on/to spend
C) listened/to have sold C) about/spent
D) listening/to sell D) for/spend
E) having listened/sell E) to/for spending
212- Her lifelong wish ---- the country of her parents 218- The manager wants us to concentrate ----
came true when she visited the Ukraine last gaining new business and says that the head
month. office will take care ---- looking after existing
customers.
A) having visited
B) visit A) in/for
C) visited B) to/in
D) to visit C) on/of
E) visiting D) about/with
E) of/from
213- Before offering you the position, we need ---- if
you are prepared ---- evenings and weekends 219- We've urged him ---- for the promotion, but he
when it is necessary. won't as he is afraid of ----.
A) knowing/working A) to apply/being rejected

B) know/to have worked B) for applying/rejecting
C) to know/to work C) applying/to be rejected
D) having known/worked D) to have applied/rejected
E) to have known/work E) from applying/to reject
236
220- The first woman ---- as a foreign 226- After the murder of the prize-winning
correspondent in the United States was cameraman, the foreign office has ---- people
Margaret Fuller, who was also a social against going to the region for any reason.
reformer, critic and teacher whose words
enriched the lives of many people. A) insisted
B) worried
A) be served C) deterred
B) being served D) warned
C) has served E) stopped
D) to serve
E) to be serving 227- They ---- him in Spain for murdering a van
driver in England.
221- The minister for defence thanked the soldiers
---- carrying out their mission successfully. A) forbade
B) dealt
A) with C) accused
B) of D) suspected
C) in E) arrested
D) on
E) for 228- The airline ---- to me for losing my luggage, but
I wasn't in the right frame of mind to forgive
222- If she hadn't devoted herself ---- teaching her them.
autistic son, she probably would have been a
scientist. A) thanked
B) complained
A) to C) excused
B) on D) denied
C) in E) apologised
D) about
E) for 229- I was ---- from buying a house in that area by
the high crime rate.
223- In the article, the environmentalists warned
consumers ---- purchasing genetically A) deterred
modified produce. B) afraid
C) advised
A) with D) compelled
B) against E) obliged
C) on
D) to 230- Because of the protests from the local
E) of residents, the farmers ---- not to participate in
growing genetically modified crops.
224- When I was a child, I would often ---- of living
in a motor home and travelling around the A) appreciated
world. B) failed
C) decided
A) feel D) considered
B) dream E) urged
C) imagine
D) plan 231- ---- some abbreviated notes on record cards,
E) anticipate you can revise your German grammar
wherever you are.
225- I ---- to having to clear up somebody else's
mess. A) By writing
B) Being written
A) mind C) To be writing
B) dislike D) To have written
C) object E) For writing
D) can't stand
E) complain 232- I'm afraid I wasn't standing close enough ----
what he was wearing.
A) to be seen
B) seeing
C) having seen
D) to see
E) being seen
237
233- Easter Island is known ---- hundreds of 240- There's no point ---- lots of food as we are
gigantic stone statues dating from ancient planning ---- away for the weekend.
times.
A) having bought/going
A) to have B) to buy/to have gone
B) to be having C) in buying/to go
C) having D) being bought/to be going
D) having had E) for buying/having gone
E) have had
241- Our failure ---- a profit at the event resulted in
234- I would rather our daughter ---- into an official our ---- future performances.
university residence, but she wants ---- a flat
with her friends. A) to make/to cancel
B) making/cancelling
A) to move/to have shared C) making/to cancel
B) to have moved/having shared D) to make/cancelling
C) to be moving/sharing E) having made/cancel
D) having moved/shared
E) moved/to share 242- It will take too much time ---- the booklet for
everyone now. I'll send you a copy after the
235- I've tried to discourage her ---- the meeting.
disadvantages, but she is adamant.
A) photocopying
A) being explained B) having photocopied
B) to have explained C) to photocopy
C) by explaining D) being photocopied
D) for explaining E) photocopied
E) to be explaining
243- His lawyer appears ---- quite confident that he
236- The manager told us ---- ---- offices until next can succeed ---- him innocent.
week.
A) being/to have proved
A) having delayed/move B) having been/having proved
B) delaying/to move C) being/for proving
C) have delayed/moved D) to have been/to prove
D) to delay/moving E) to be/in proving
E) to be delaying/to be moving
244- I was angry with my younger sister as I caught
237- We were surprised when we won the game so her ---- my expensive perfume.
easily because, judging from their reputation,
we had assumed them ---- unbeatable. A) to be wearing
B) to wear
A) were being C) wearing
B) have been D) wore
C) having been E) worn
D) were
E) to be 245- The floor needs ---- before we can lay the tiles.
238- She was tempted ---- the temporary job in A) to level

Australia, but was reluctant ---- her permanent B) having levelled
position in Turkey. C) to have levelled
D) to be levelled
A) to be accepting/having quit E) being levelled
B) to accept/to quit
C) accepting/quitting 246- The guests at last Friday's banquet are said
D) to have accepted/to have quit ---- several members of foreign royal families.
E) accepted/quit
A) to have included
239- My son keeps ---- me as he comes home late B) to include
although I've warned him many times ---- so. C) including
D) being included
A) to be disobeying/to do E) included
B) disobeying/not to do
C) disobey/not doing
D) to disobey/to be doing
E) having disobeyed/not do
238
247- I'm fed up with ---- up your toy cars. You are
old enough ---- responsibility for tidying your
own room.
A) picking/to take
B) to pick/to be taking
C) to have picked/taken
D) to be picking/for taking
E) having picked/taking
248- The town of Leominster is said ---- from the 7th

century and it is still a thriving market town
today.
A) dating
B) being dated
C) to have dated
D) to date
E) to be dating
249- Whoever gets the opportunity ---- our head

office in Switzerland should do so, as they are
certain ---- pleased with the hospitality offered
there.
A) to visit/to be
B) visiting/being
C) having visited/be
D) being visited/to be
E) for visiting/being
250- I saw her ---- some tea while she was pouring it
into the glasses, but I didn't see her ---- the
mess up.
A) spill/clear
B) to spill/to clear
C) spilling/being cleared
D) being spilt/clearing
E) spilt/cleared
239
VERBALS (CÜMLE TAMAMLAMA)
1- Italian fashion designer Giorgio Armani is 6- Obviously, the police did not expect ---- .
considered to be largely responsible ---- .
A) whether it was going to be another eventful
A) who designed the wardrobe for the male lead day or just a quiet one
in the film American Gigolo B) that the participation in the demonstration
B) when he worked for Nino Cerruti, designer of would be so high
men's clothing, from 1961 to 1970 C) having so many uprisings simultaneously all
C) having become an independent designer in over the country
1970 D) whoever was it that was wandering around
D) for turning Milan into a major world centre of the Parliament building
fashion E) having been able to increase the crime rate
E) so as to encompass the whole range of in the area recently
men's and women's clothing
7- Since my sister is not in the habit of working
2- Eliminating examinations from the syllabus regularly, ---- .
does not seem very possible to me, ---- .
A) there was a power failure suddenly, just
A) for most people the reading of useful books when she was working on her report
is a necessary step to learning B) we are quite certain that she is going to
B) provided that group work is encouraged so graduate with the rest of the class
that they can study more effectively C) she somehow failed to hand in her report by
C) so the students must be made aware that not the date it was due
all studying is done with books D) she was actually quite a bit ahead of
D) for without them, students would find their schedule on the writing of her report
school subjects much more enjoyable E) it came as no surprise to me that she didn't
E) because even good students tend to study manage to finish her term paper in time
only when they are forced to
8- I hope you wouldn't mind ---- .
3- Many countries are now aware of the need
---- . A) to allow me to use your car for my date
tonight
A) who are not discouraged from having large B) that you can wait here while I pop into the
families shop for some bread
B) or just the cultural and traditional influences C) not to make any noise in front of the
C) therefore they don't have the resources headmaster's room
D) since conditions have largely improved D) by causing lots of trouble to everyone
E) to control population growth working here
E) not walking your dog across my front lawn
4- ----, at the height of his career, after his in the morning
appendix ruptured.
9- Will you please ask our guests ---- ?
A) One of the most talked-of-men of his day was
Lord Byron A) how cold it gets outside just after the sun
B) At the close of his career, Emile Zola enjoyed sets
great wealth B) that they do not feel shy and make
C) Initially, Walt Whitman's poems were themselves at home
considered crude C) if they would like their beef stew spiced or
D) American artist George Bellows died in 1925 unspiced
E) The author of the first great novel in English D) to have their drinks in the garden until the
was Henry Fielding meat was done
E) why don't they sit by the pool and have a
5- For the last two months, Jeffrey has been drink
busy ---- .
A) with the play that will be performed at the

end-of-term festival
B) for him to sort out this problem without asking
for anyone else's help
C) that he took the job purely because of the
element of job satisfaction it offers
D) who wouldn't succeed without devoting his
every spare minute to it
E) even though literature has always been his
favourite subject
240
10- The main purpose of the British presence in 14- The investigators asked the suspect in a firm
Egypt for many years was ---- . voice ---- .
A) the reason why the Suez Canal was easier A) when they can speak to his secretary about
to construct than the Panama Canal his alibi
B) to guard the Suez Canal, a vital link on the B) if he knows that his thumbprint was found
water transportation route to India and the on the carving knife
Far East C) that they would be certain to find enough
C) although the Suez Canal was to be an evidence to prove his guilt
international waterway according to the D) not to try and leave the country during the
Convention of Constantinople next few months
D) just as when Egypt denied the use of the E) confirming their belief that he had not even
canal to the Israelis and to all ships trading been in town then
with Israel
E) when, in 1963, Egypt gave the last 15- Without taking sufficient time over it, ----.
compensation payment to the Suez
Company shareholders and became the A) your repairs to the car have actually made it
sole owner even worse
B) she'll inevitably do very poorly in the exams
11- Living in such an old building, the elderly C) the letter of complaint will look badly written
woman is afraid of ---- . D) you can't expect to make noticeable
progress in the course
A) getting stuck in the elevator in case of a E) his mother had managed to iron all his
power cut trousers
B) not to be able to find a dependable tenant
C) that there is no central heating during the 16- ----, but reading books gives far greater
winter certainty of intellectual development.
D) to find mice or rats living in her kitchen
cupboards A) Having been successful in getting into an
E) if there happens to be an earthquake elite university
B) As travelling can help you to learn many
12- Before travelling to Morocco, we were things about the world
advised ---- . C) The intelligence of the writer is the most
significant factor
A) which is the cheapest airline that flies direct D) There were many illiterate people who were
to Rabat still very knowledgeable
B) to get vaccinated against tetanus, polio and E) It is sometimes possible to learn interesting
hepatitis A things from watching TV
C) why the hotels may be far more expensive
in summer 17- We haven't yet been able to get any
D) when the country had gained its information about ---- .
independence from France
E) whether we were ready to bear the A) just as the footballer was about to score
difficulties of a tour of the Sahara another goal
B) whether there'll be a match between the two
13- He went to bed with his clothes on ---- . boxers again
C) as it is known as the best restaurant in the
A) by the time it was past midnight and city
everybody was in bed D) if there will be a city-wide water cut
B) not having the energy that he would need to tomorrow
do so E) while the Prime Minister is currently visiting
C) though he was tired from the stress he had our region
been under all day long
D) where there were at least fifty soldiers 18- She's found it very difficult to work as a
sleeping in the barracks journalist in the Palestinian territories ---- .
E) in case he should have to be woken up to
see an urgent patient A) since the Israeli government has refused to
grant her a visa
B) when she first arrived as the newspaper's
new Middle East correspondent
C) until the Israeli army withdraws and ends
the curfew
D) after she'd seen the brutal oppression of the
population with her own eyes
E) before she learnt to speak Arabic and
communicate with the locals
241
19- Reading the newspaper made me realize ---- .
A) what were the main reasons for the current

strength of the lira
B) whether it is important to keep up with
current affairs or not
C) that the situation in Iraq is really getting out
of control
D) what things I have considered in trying to
eat healthily
E) if the country would ever develop when it
was in such great debt
20- It's advisable, before you set out on a car

journey, ---- .
A) if you are sure that flying would not be more

convenient for you
B) study the route that you are going to take so
that you will not be confused on the road
C) to check the oil level, the tyre pressures and
the amount of water in the radiator
D) in order to avoid being fined by the police,
place a fire extinguisher in the vehicle
E) whether your vehicle insurance is up to date
and if you have a valid driving license
242
QUANTIFIERS – DETERMINERS – PRONOUNS – ARTICLES REVISION
1- We had ---- other choice apart from deciding 7- ---- bus we were travelling on stopped
to cease trading, or we would have gone suddenly because ---- tree had fallen across
bankrupt. the road.
A) some A) A/the
B) no B) The/ ----
C) many C) The/the
D) each D) The/a
E) any E) A/a
2- ---- who enjoys jazz music will enjoy this 8- ---- that we accomplished was to find a
festival, tickets for which can be bought at suitable date for the next meeting.
---- good music shop.
A) Each
A) Nobody/some B) Every
B) Anyone/several C) The whole
C) Everybody/all D) Others
D) Somebody/both E) All
E) Anybody/every
9- Although ---- in the group knew that ---- had
3- Slimming bars claim to provide ---- the ever tried to climb the mountain by this path
vitamins and minerals the body needs, but before, they all seemed very confident.
eating them cannot be as healthy as a meal
containing plenty of fruit and vegetables, A) someone/nowhere
which can also supply ---- nutrients required B) no one/anywhere
by the body. C) everyone/no one
D) anyone/somebody
A) whole/all E) everything/anyone
B) all/other
C) plenty of/another 10- As the number of students attending
D) every/any universities ----, most employers ---- for
E) both/each higher and higher qualifications from new
employees.
4- ---- child will be given a role, however small,
in the play. A) is increasing/are asking
B) are increasing/will ask
A) Several C) increase/is asking
B) The whole D) have increased/have asked
C) Both E) increased/has asked
D) Each
E) Many 11- ---- of the soldiers was given two complete
uniforms, ---- of which they were expected to
5- Because there have been ---- accidents at keep spotlessly clean.
that road junction, the council are going to
install traffic lights there. A) All/some
B) Every/either
A) too much C) Each/both
B) plenty D) Some/all
C) so many E) The whole/many
D) much more
E) a great deal of 12- There is an amount of wisdom in ---- old
sayings, such as "Don't cry over spilt milk."
6- I didn't believe him when he said that it was
hailing in June, so I went out on the balcony A) a number of
to see for ----. B) a little
C) a great deal of
A) myself D) every
B) himself E) the whole
C) mine
D) him
E) itself
243
13- When the winners arrived at the award 19- As ---- of the proposals seems to provide a
ceremony, the mayor ---- was there to greet complete solution on ----, I suggest we
---- . continue working on this.
A) ourselves/him A) both/themselves
B) themselves/ours B) either/our own
C) myself/their C) each/ourselves
D) itself/ourselves D) none/his own
E) himself/them E) neither/its own
14- When I woke up this morning, there was ---- 20- When ---- manager disagrees with ----, our
heavy dew covering ---- long green summer board meetings can go on for hours.
grass in our garden.
A) a/other
A) the/a B) ---- /the others
B) ---- /the C) the/each other
C) some/a D) one/another
D) the/ ---- E) none/the other
E) a/a
21- Each of ---- will develop a revision method
15- It's getting late. I'll feel better when we have which will suit ---- individual strengths and
found ---- to stay for the night and, at this weaknesses.
hour, I'm not looking for luxury. ---- clean
and tidy will do. A) they/theirs
B) us/our
A) somewhere/Anywhere C) we/ours
B) everywhere/Somebody D) you/yours
C) something/Nowhere E) her/hers
D) nowhere/Somewhere
E) anything/Something 22- I don't think that's the only dry cleaner's
around here. I think there's ---- next to the
16- I wish he would give ---- more consideration bus station.
to those around him.
A) another
A) enough B) others
B) a lot of C) other
C) a little D) the other
D) several E) the others
E) a few
23- I think that buying ---- own photocopier
17- This ship has ---- experienced crew, all of would save ---- money.
whom have been at ---- sea on and off for
more than six years. A) us/ours
B) him/his
A) the/the C) ourselves/our
B) an/a D) themselves/theirs
C) an/--- E) their/them
D) ---I---
E) some/the 24- Since ---- seems eager to give me a hand
with these, I have no other choice but to do
18- Politicians from the Opposition are ---- by myself.
constantly criticising the government, but
they don't say what they would do ---- to A) something/everywhere
improve things if they were in ---- position. B) someone/anything
C) no one/everything
A) us/ours D) anybody/nowhere
B) themselves/our E) nothing/something
C) them/themselves
D) theirs/us 25- ---- has got a packed lunch, a torch and a
E) ours/theirs waterproof coat, haven't ---- ?
A) Everybody/they
B) Everywhere/it
C) No one/you
D) Someone/we
E) Anybody/them
244
26- Men, women and children in ---- part of the 32- A good percentage of our time ---- at work,
world wear some sort of jewellery, either as so we should choose an occupation that we
ornament or because of superstition. enjoy.
A) all A) is spending
B) every B) are spent
C) whole C) is spent
D) some D) are spending
E) neither E) would spend
27- There are ---- ways to get from my house to 33- I love the company of ---- friends, but
work, but ---- of them is very comfortable. sometimes I just want to be by ----.
A) plenty/one A) my/me
B) more/several B) mine/me
C) several/none C) me/mine
D) a few/neither D) my/myself
E) much/all E) mine/my own
28- There are ---- Indian restaurants available in 34- There have been ---- isolated incidents of
England, whereas in İstanbul, your options violence, but ---- of World Cup supporters
are ---- . have been well-behaved.
A) some/several A) a few/the majority

B) so much/only one B) any/a good deal
C) the other/little C) some/several
D) many/another D) each/a great deal
E) a lot of/few E) every/a large number
29- Normally, airlines serve their passengers ---- 35- American plays produced during the 19th
cooked dinner during ---- flight. century were mostly sensational melodrama
and therefore of ---- literary importance.
A) the/a
B) ---- /a A) many
C) a/the B) little
D) a/some C) none
E) another/ ---- D) every
E) a few
30- The lawyer for the people who ---- in the fire
at the shopping centre ---- the judge for 36- The different peoples in Africa ---- have ----
compensation. own myths about the creation of the world.
A) were injured/is going to ask A) all/its

B) is injured/has been asking B) most/themselves
C) are injured/would ask C) every/itself
D) was injured/are going to ask D) some/theirs
E) have been injured/have asked E) each/their
31- We have 120 post-graduate students at our 37- The doctor gave him ---- tablets and told him
university, and almost two thirds of ---- ---- to drink ---- water.
from abroad.
A) each/a little
A) themselves/comes B) a few/many
B) their/are coming C) several of/little
C) theirs/were coming D) any/much
D) them/come E) some/plenty of
E) they/has come
245
38- Pasta, which literally means dough in ---- 44- There is ---- information available on
Italian, is ---- Italian food now popular, in recycling, but unfortunately, little of ---- is
such forms as spaghetti, macaroni and known by ordinary people.
ravioli, all over the world.
A) a lot of/it
A) the/the B) plenty of/them
B) an/some C) several/its
C) ---- /an D) much/theirs
D) ---- /any E) too many/itself
E) some/ ----
45- I've seen ---- of his work to know that he's
39- I knew that his wife was not a good cook, so ready for a promotion.
I doubted that she had cooked all the dishes
she served ---- on ---- . A) a number
B) both
A) us/her own C) a few
B) mine/hers D) several
C) theirs/himself E) enough
D) you/his own
E) him/herself 46- Personally, of the two halls, I prefer the one
closer to the airport, but ---- seems suitable
40- Do you know that everything they ---- ---- to hold our conference in.
guaranteed for two years?
A) both
A) are selling/are B) all
B) sell/is C) either
C) sold/have been D) none
D) had sold/were E) every
E) are sold/has been
47- ---- blood flows to all parts of ---- body
41- Despite the material donations from the local through ---- circulatory system, which is
shops, the school still needs ---- more composed of arteries, veins and capillaries.
equipment such as video players, cassette
players and computers. A) A/a/the
B) Some/a/ ----
A) a few C) Most/the/a
B) many D) ---- /the/the
C) some E) The/some/a
D) no
E) plenty 48- They had ---- money to spend on their house,
but even with that limited amount, they
42- The police found ---- counterfeit money as managed to create a warm and friendly
well as guns at the gang's headquarters. atmosphere.
A) several more A) a few

B) a large amount of B) little
C) only a few C) the whole
D) a number of D) plenty of
E) large numbers of E) small number of
43- A colleague of ---- has lent us ---- holiday 49- ---- of the area managers is going to report
cottage for a week. his total sales to head office ---- two weeks.
A) him/her A) All/each
B) mine/his B) Both/another
C) theirs/its C) Any/all
D) your/them D) Every/several
E) our/their E) Each/every
246
50- We had had so much rain that the fields on 57- If we've got ---- time, we'll try to do ----
---- sides of the river were ---- flooded. shopping as well.
A) every/both A) much/a few

B) neither/each B) several/lots of
C) each/most C) every/plenty
D) all/much D) plenty of/many
E) both/all E) enough/some
51- When the river flooded, the farm-house was 58- Blood plays a critical part in the fight against
surrounded by water on ---- sides. disease because blood contains ---- kinds of
disease-combating agents.
A) every
B) either A) each
C) each B) neither
D) all C) several
E) neither D) a lot
E) much
52- ---- sheep escaped from Farmer Gile's field
last week, and so far, only ---- of them has 59- If parts of the body do not get ---- blood, they
been found. will become infected and their tissues will
die.
A) Several/one
B) Many/a few A) enough
C) More/each B) many
D) Some/enough C) whole
E) A few/some D) all
E) plenty
53- Each of ---- has a blue dash of paint on ----
coat, so it will be easy to recognise Farmer 60- Upon graduation, ---- student is sent an
Gile's sheep. information pack giving useful tips and
information about finding suitable
A) it/their employment.
B) him/theirs
C) them/its A) all
D) their/them B) each
E) his/it C) none
D) many
54- We must admit that the fault was not entirely E) a few
----. Some of it must have been ----.
61- Although we've already had ---- volunteers,
A) hers/ours we are still looking for ---- to help out at the
B) his/us school fete.
C) their/my
D) her/theirs A) plenty of/much
E) mine/you B) several/much more
C) a number of/a few more
55- Thank you for letting me know about this D) a lot of/a little more
birthday wish of ---- . E) almost no/quite a lot
A) him 62- ---- of his poems, The Swans, ---- difficult to

B) me fully appreciate if you don't know about the
C) your poet's meeting Nelly Sachs.
D) his
E) us A) Much/have been
B) Several/was
56- I made a lot of friends in Mexico, but I have C) A few/is going to be
only kept in touch with ---- them. D) Some/has been
E) One/is
A) plenty of
B) a few of
C) little
D) many
E) several
247
63- ---- secret meetings the board of directors 69- She hasn't accepted the job in Vienna for ----
has had lately have led to ---- speculation in reasons, the most important of which is that
the office. she hates cold weather.
A) Every one of/lots of A) much

B) Too many/plenty B) each
C) A great deal of/many C) every
D) A few/some D) a few
E) A good many/a few E) plenty
64- If people showed ---- concern for the 70- ---- students actively participated in the
environment, there, wouldn't be ---- pollution discussion, which annoyed the teacher,
in the world. because it showed that ---- of them hadn't
prepared sufficiently.
A) much/too many
B) enough/none A) Few/most
C) less/several of B) All/hardly any
D) more/so much C) None of/almost no
E) a few more/too much D) Too few/none
E) Several/enough
65- It takes ---- of concentration and patience to
make intricate lace handicrafts. 71- The short life span of ---- animals as
compared to humans’ is an advantage to
A) enough experimenters since it allows them to
B) a good deal observe ---- generations of the same species.
C) a little
D) much more A) much/the whole
E) a great many B) many/several
C) a little/a few
66- ---- large number of bird watchers arrived at D) all/so few
---- place where the rare bird had been E) any/much more
sighted.
72- I'm sorry there is ---- coffee left. Would you
A) The/some mind drinking tea instead?
B) So/a
C) Such/ ---- A) some
D) Too/ ---- B) much
E) A/the C) any
D) no
67- This footballer can kick the ball with ---- feet, E) none
but he is especially dangerous with his left.
73- The coach was glad that they didn't have ----
A) all major injuries during the school's sports
B) neither week, and ---- team was ready for the next
C) some week's competition.
D) both
E) either A) a little/every
B) any/the whole
68- On international airlines, there are always ---- C) none/some of
a pilot and a co-pilot and each knows the D) much/much of
other's job, so, in the event that ---- falls ill E) many/all
during the flight, the other is qualified to
land the plane safely. 74- Public transport is getting more and more
unbearable in this city because there are ----
A) either/both people, but not ---- vehicles.
B) neither/any
C) both/either A) many more/much
D) all/neither B) so much/many
E) many/one C) several/a little
D) plenty of/a few
E) too many/enough
248
75- Marketing research is ---- expensive 81- She started reading first thing in the
undertaking, and its costs are built into ---- morning, and by nightfall, she had read the
prices of products. ---- book.
A) an/the A) whole
B) ---/--- B) either
C) the/ ---- C) all
D) the/some D) each
E) the/any E) every
76- If you improve ---- conclusion section of your 82- ---- best way to avoid high cholesterol levels
essay, I think you'll get ---- better mark. in the blood is through maintaining ----
balanced diet that includes all the major food
A) ----/the groups in moderation.
B) the/a
C) a/some A) A/a
D) a/the B) The/the
E) the/---- C) The/a
D) ---- /the
77- What's ---- name of ---- player who scored ---- E) ---/a
last goal?
83- ---- I was going to suggest was that we
A) the/ ---- /a should hold our meetings at a more
B) the/the/the convenient time.
C) ---- /the/an
D) an/ ---- /the A) All
E) ---/--- B) Each
C) Both
78- I'm going to buy ---- hose pipe because I'm D) Every
tired of washing ---- car using ---- bucket. E) The whole
A) the/a/ ---- 84- I hope we haven't invited ---- people to

B) ---- /a/the welcome them all properly.
C) a/a/the
D) a/the/a A) lots of
E) the/the/ ---- B) plenty of
C) so few
79- ---- highly valued animal fibre, ---- silk has D) too many
long been used for the production of E) so much
luxurious textiles of ---- finest quality.
85- A few relatives of ---- are going to stay with
A) A/ ---- /the ---- over the weekend.
B) ---- /a/the
C) The/ ---- /a A) her/us
D) The/the/a B) them/me
E) A/a/---- C) mine/I
D) him/theirs
80- According to Hindus, the god Krishna E) his/them
discovered the pearl when he plucked one
from the ocean to adorn ---- daughter Pandia 86- None of ---- wanted to become involved in
on ---- wedding day. the quarrel between the two members.
A) him/hers A) your
B) his/her B) they
C) her/she C) her
D) himself/his D) us
E) herself/him E) him
87- If we don't get ---- bookings, we'll have to

cancel the trip.
A) a few more
B) much more
C) no longer
D) a little more
E) any longer
249
88- They only delivered ---- our order today, but 94- You can ride up hills much more easily
they will bring the rest tomorrow. because ---- bicycle has five more gears than
---- .
A) both
B) half A) your/mine
C) some B) his/me
D) each C) hers/theirs
E) most D) mine/yours
E) her/us
89- Arizona State in the US is very hot, but there
is usually only ---- humidity, so it is not too 95- Almost ---- nation sends teams of selected
unpleasant. athletes to take part in the Olympic Games,
which are held ---- four years.
A) several
B) most A) any/all
C) a little B) each/many
D) few C) every/every
E) much D) all/each
E) many/a few
90- Of the many dresses she was shown, ----
was actually to her taste, but she had to 96- The instructor told the young climbers to
choose one for the party. hold on to the rope with ---- hands.
A) both A) both
B) some B) every
C) none C) all
D) neither D) each
E) most E) either
91- Although the film was criticized favourably 97- The noise of the gunshot rang through the
by ---- critics, it received ---- appreciation trees and the birds flew off in ---- directions.
from the audience.
A) all
A) many/little B) each
B) some/too few C) either
C) either/less D) every
D) all/fewer E) whole
E) both/neither
98- This train doesn't stop at ---- station along
92- A: Should I study art or philosophy? the way, but it stops at ---- of the main ones.
B: ---- !In my opinion, they are ---- a waste of
time. A) all/either
B) every/most
A) Both/either C) each/much
B) Neither/both D) both/some
C) All/whole E) few/all
D) Each/none
E) None/all 99- Unfortunately, our local library had ---- books
on the subject, so I'm going to the city
93- Spanish, Italian and French all derived from library tomorrow hoping to find ---- more.
Latin,which is why there are ---- similarities
between them. A) much/a little
B) a little/a lot
A) too much C) little/many
B) much less D) a few/much
C) such a lot E) few/some
D) so many
E) very little 100- There has been ---- fruit on the pear tree in
our garden this year, so we won't be giving
---- away.
A) a little/many
B) all/each
C) little/much
D) every/some
E) much/either
250
101- ---- players have won this competition 108- In the USA, the number of representatives in
before, so ---- of them could win today. government varies according to the
population of a state, but there are two
A) A few/all senators for ---- state.
B) Each/every
C) Every/no A) both
D) Both/either B) some
E) None/neither C) neither
D) each
102- A lot of people rushed to the area, but most E) all
of ---- failed to find ---- gold.
109- ---- employees voted against the strike even
A) them/any though they were dissatisfied with the pay
B) they/much rise.
C) theirs/many
D) him/some A) Several of
E) his/none B) Plenty
C) Much of
103- The children have had quite ---- excitement D) Half
for one day. I think it's time they went to bed. E) A good many
A) few 110- After ---- wins at amateur level, he'll be ready

B) all to race professionally.
C) more
D) little A) almost none
E) enough B) any longer
C) a few more
104- He thought he would get the contract, but a D) much
business competitor of ---- got ---- . E) plenty
A) he/itself 111- Tea and coffee contain caffeine, which is

B) his/it harmful, so the doctor told me to avoid
C) us/his drinking ---- .
D) yours/its
E) him/them A) both of them
B) much of it
105- They gave the idea ---- consideration before C) all of them
accepting it. D) some of it
E) neither of them
A) several
B) only a few 112- Decades ago, the notion of landing a
C) a great deal of spacecraft on ---- Moon would have seemed
D) much of ---- impossible feat.
E) a good many
A) a/ ----
106- Look! One of ---- in the race ---- . B) some/a
C) the/an
A) stallion/have fallen D) ---- / ----
B) the athletes/had fallen E) ---- /the
C) the horses/has fallen
D) children/are falling 113- If there is ---- food in the world for everyone,
E) the competition/was falling why do so ---- people die of starvation?
107- My daughter got a better mark for her last A) little/much

French written composition because there B) enough/many
were ---- mistakes in it. C) much/few
D) any/a lot of
A) little E) less/more
B) much
C) many
D) fewer
E) the least
251
114- Of the two shops in the village, ---- sold sun 121- Two smartly dressed doormen stood at ----
cream, so he had to keep a long-sleeved side of the hotel's entrance.
shirt on all day.
A) either
A) no B) whole
B) both C) all
C) none D) every
D) neither E) both
E) either
122- We rang ---- hotels before we found ---- with
115- The best goal of the match was ----, but ---- vacant rooms.
was pretty spectacular as well.
A) several/one
A) my/theirs B) much/a little
B) my brother/I C) each/some
C) him/mine D) every/any
D) the forward's/your E) the whole/much
E) Simon's/yours
123- The teacher said that we could write on ----
116- The new dress my sister bought didn't fit ----, sides of the paper, but to start a new page
so she gave it to ----. for ---- question.
A) she/you A) either/every
B) her/me B) both/each
C) hers/mine C) some/all
D) mine/hers D) all/some
E) herself/ours E) the whole/any
117- He felt as if ---- world was watching and 124- ---- of seagulls followed the tractor as the
waiting for him to make a mistake in the farmer ploughed the field.
play, but in fact, it was only the village boy
scout club. A) Many more
B) Almost all
A) all C) Only some
B) every D) A large number
C) most E) Hardly any
D) a lot of
E) the whole 125- It takes ---- of dedication to become a top
class athlete.
118- She had ---- reasons to dislike her job, but I
don't know exactly why she left. A) enough
B) nearly every
A) a little C) a great deal
B) much D) many more
C) a whole E) each one
D) some of
E) plenty of 126- If Richard had ---- patience, he would have
---- arguments with the manager.
119- The company is so stable that you can buy
shares in it with almost ---- risk of losing any A) little/much
money. B) enough/little
C) less/plenty
A) any D) more/fewer
B) none E) a few/less
C) no
D) few 127- Up until recent years, blacks in the Southern
E) much USA suffered ---- injustice.
120- ---- cashier underwent the company's A) several

training scheme before starting to work here. B) plenty
C) a lot of
A) A great many D) a great many
B) Several E) fewer
C) Both
D) All
E) Every
252
128- After the oil spill from the huge tanker, the 135- ---- albatross, ---- largest and most majestic
---- beach was covered in thick black oil. seabird, has ---- wing span of over nine feet.
A) whole A) ---- /the/ ----

B) all B) The/a/the
C) many C) An/ ---- /the
D) every D) The/the/a
E) much E) An/a/a
129- We can see Shrewsbury Town football pitch 136- If I had ---- fabric left, I could make a dress,
from the window of our shop. Yesterday, I but I think I've only got ---- to make a skirt.
was watching ---- team play through the
window, but stopped when ---- customer A) a great deal/one
came in. B) plenty/a few
C) a few more/much
A) any/a D) a number of/some
B) a/the E) a little more/enough
C) a/----
D) the/a 137- Cyanide leaked into ---- Mersey Canal, and
E) ---- /the ---- nine-mile stretch of ---- canal was
affected.
130- In 1991, the remains of ---- Neolithic hunter,
which were 5,300 years old, were discovered A) the/the/a
high in ---- Alps. B) ----/----/a
C) a/a/----
A) the/---- D) ----/the/----
B) a/some E) the/a/the
C) ----/a
D) a/an 138- I went into town specially to buy a jacket for the
E) a/the Christmas party, but I didn't see ---- that I liked.
131- Do you know ---- name of ---- American A) a few

author Bill Bryson's latest book? B) any
C) all
A) a/--- D) much
B) a/an E) some
C) the/the
D) the/ ---- 139- As ---- British athlete in this discipline
E) ---- /an reached the qualifying time, Britain won't be
represented in this event at the Olympics.
132- Celebrating the end of one year and the start
of a new one is an age-old religious, social, A) no
and cultural observance in almost ---- part of B) few
the world. C) little
D) hardly any
A) all E) fewer
B) every
C) either 140- Throughout the history of the country, ----
D) neither French, along with most of the other peoples
E) whole of the world, have paid little attention to the
quality of ---- natural environment.
133- Stainless steel is so named because it stains
---- than ordinary steel. A) some/ ----
B) a/them
A) much B) other C) the/their
C) fewer D) less D) ---- /its
E) many E) many/theirs
134- ---- came on time for the meeting this 141- Every morning, millions of ---- waste ---- time
morning, did ---- ? reading the sports pages.
A) Anyone/you A) us/our
B) Everybody/them B) ours/our own
C) No one/they C) they/my
D) Everyone/we D) them/its
E) Someone/it E) another/the
253
142- Diamonds have ---- uses. In addition to the 148- Herman Melville's book 'Moby Dick' tells of
obvious use in jewellery, they have ---- the adventures of captain Ahab, who loses
number of industrial applications. ---- leg in his struggle with ---- whale.
A) much/any A) the/the
B) many/a B) a/a
C) plenty of/the C) ---- /any
D) some/each D) any/the
E) more/every E) some/a
143- ---- the painters have achieved so far is to 149- A: Which of these wallpaper designs would
make the office look more of a mess than it you like in the living room?
did this morning. B: ----. ---- look horrible. Why can't we just
paint the walls?
A) The whole
B) Some A) All/None
C) All B) Neither/Both
D) None C) Either/Whole
E) A little D) None/Some
E) Every/Each
144- Let's go somewhere for a cup of tea. I don't
want to go in any more shops as I've spent 150- I wonder if ---- of our neighbours would look
---- already. after our cat while we are away.
A) several A) the whole

B) a lot of B) few
C) a few C) little
D) many more D) either
E) too much E) every
145- Despite all ---- efforts, neither Susan's 151- ---- of the competitors was badly affected by
composition nor ---- was good enough to the extreme heat and passed out.
impress the teacher.
A) Some
A) ourselves/me B) No
B) us/myself C) A few
C) ours/my D) One
D) our/mine E) All
E) us/ourselves
152- I would like her better if she showed ----
146- The richness of Asia's cultures is reflected consideration for others.
in ---- arts and literature.
A) fewer
A) theirs B) several
B) it C) a little
C) its D) too much
D) them E) many
E) itself
153- I'm glad we bought the new lawn mower.
147- The teacher said that if Joseph caused ---- Now I can mow the lawn using ---- the effort.
trouble in class, she would send his mother
a letter. A) fewer
B) none
A) any more C) much
B) far fewer D) all
C) a number of E) half
D) so many
E) several
254
154- Smog may appear brownish in colour when 160- ---- who enjoys spicy food will love Indian
it contains high concentrations of nitrogen cuisine and there are ---- very nice Indian
dioxide, or it may look blue-grey when it restaurants in Birmingham.
contains large amounts of ozone. In ---- case,
prolonged exposure will damage lung tissue. A) No one/each
B) Everyone/all
A) both C) Someone/any
B) either D) Anyone/some
C) none E) One/none
D) all
E) some 161- ‘Sunny Delight' looks like real orange juice,
but there is actually very ---- natural juice in
155- In ---- mid-1970s, people became aware of it.
the phenomenon called ---- acid rain.
A) much
A) the/ ---- B) less
B) ---- /an C) more
C) a/an D) fewer
D) a/the E) little
E) the/an
162- ---- other month, the managers of the
156- The word deafness is used to describe ---- overseas branches meet to assess the firm's
degree of hearing loss, though it is most situation.
commonly used where there is ---- total
inability to hear. A) All
B) Some
A) some/much C) Every
B) the/some D) Each
C) a/many E) Any
D) every/none
E) any/a 163- Witnessing the impact of an asteroid was
something the scientist had dreamt of for ----
157- Although the Australian author Peter Carey's of his professional career.
first three novels were well received, his
fourth book received ---- criticism than A) a few
acclaim. B) many
C) most
A) too many D) several
B) any longer E) any
C) far more
D) plenty of 164- On that night during WW II, there were ----
E) so much fires in the London docks that ---- sky over
London glowed red.
158- Despite the scarcity of arable land, ---- the
population in the Middle East is engaged in A) both/some
farming. B) too much/any
C) several/each
A) a lot more D) a few/every
B) almost none E) so many/the whole
C) so much
D) a good deal of 165- We bought the wardrobe in kit form and
E) a great many of assembled it ---- because it was much
cheaper that way.
159- I always use King Edward potatoes for
roasting, but ---- other quality potatoes will A) ours
be fine for salads. B) ourselves
C) our own
A) any D) its own
B) the whole E) itself
C) a little
D) much
E) none
255
166- He managed to open his parachute, but broke 173- Peter's subject was much more interesting
his leg on ---- branch before he hit ---- ground. than ----, but your posters were better than
---- .
A) a/the
B) some/ ---- A) yours/his
C) the/a B) himself/our
D) the/some C) his own/him
E) ---- /other D) mine/he
E) them/myself
167- ---- the relatives of the passengers could do
was sit and wait for further news of the 174- Once bought mainly by youngsters, ----
accident. motorcycles these days are purchased by
mature adults.
A) The whole
B) Each A) almost half
C) Every B) many more
D) All C) much more
E) Any D) plenty
E) any longer
168- Although ---- in the team expected to win the
tournament, ---- was really excited and was 175- ---- of the scheduled ferries will be leaving
looking forward to competing in the event. for Calais today, but ---- extra services have
been arranged to Zeebrugge in Belgium.
A) someone/anything
B) nothing/everything A) All/whole
C) anything/anybody B) None/a few
D) no one/everyone C) Much/many
E) nowhere/someone D) A few/plenty
E) The whole/all
169- Except for a century of Christian dominance
during the Crusades, Palestine remained 176- ---- front of the car is smashed including ----
under Muslim control, ---- Arab or Turkish, front head lamps, so it is unsafe to continue
from the 7th to the 20th century. to drive.
A) both A) Every/either
B) none B) Each/some
C) neither C) Another/all
D) some D) All/neither
E) either E) The whole/both
170- ---- ever appreciates ---- the hard work I do 177- There is unrest in ---- African countries at the
to ensure that this office runs smoothly. moment, such as Sierra Leone and Ethiopia.
A) Everyone/every A) the whole

B) No one/whole B) every
C) Nobody/all C) a number of
D) Someone/each D) a little
E) Anyone/some E) a large amount
171- Doris mentioned this morning that she had 178- The book about the married life of the
renewed ---- house insurance, which footballer David Beckham and ---- wife,
reminded me to renew ---- . Victoria, a singer, will probably be a
best-seller, despite the couple ---- being
A) its/your against its publication.
B) herself/mine
C) itself/hers A) his/themselves
D) her/ours B) him/himself
E) hers/myself C) himself/them
D) his own/their
172- I can smell ---- gas in ---- kitchen. E) its/itself
A) a/a
B) ---- /the
C) any/ ----
D) ---- /a
E) some/ ----
256
179- You have made a great start. Don't let ---- 186- As the manager ---- won't be here this week, I
stop you now! expect we'll have to sort this problem out on
---- .
A) nowhere
B) nothing A) him/ourselves
C) anything B) his/ours
D) no one C) himself/our own
E) somewhere D) his own/us
E) he/our
180- I wish I had ---- more free time to spend with
my family. 187- 'Boeuf en Croute', which means beef in a
crust in ---- French, is very similar to ----
A) a little English dish called Beef Wellington.
B) enough
C) a lot of A) ---- /an
D) several B) the/an
E) a few C) a/ ----
D) a/the
181- Creative subjects form ---- essential part of E) the/ ----
---- children's education.
188- It was such a shame! My mother-in-law put
A) an/ ---- ---- food on the table, but because I was
B) any/a recovering from the flu, I ate hardly ---- of it.
C) the/a
D) ---- /the A) all/much
E) ---- /some B) several/little
C) plenty of/none
182- If ---- player acts violently towards ----, the D) a lot of/any
referee has the right to dismiss the offender. E) a little/some
A) anyone/one 189- ---- American state has ---- motto. For

B) others/him example, Idaho's motto is, "It is Forever."
C) another/themselves
D) one/another A) Every/itself
E) somewhere/each other B) Each/its own
C) All/theirs
183- With the new system, ---- time is used more D) Most/them
efficiently, allowing the company to focus on E) Some/their
strategic issues.
190- At the beginning of the 20th century, some
A) anyone plastics were made with milk protein, casein,
B) something but apart from by button-makers, casein
C) no one's plastics are ---- use today.
D) everywhere
E) everyone's A) plenty of
B) a number of
184- As ---- of the waiters who work there wants C) every
to take the responsibility of managing the D) of little
restaurant, we will have to advertise for ---- . E) a few
A) both/anyone 191- Only ---- of Ottawans can claim Canadian

B) all/everywhere origins. Most are of British or French
C) the whole/anything ancestry, or a combination of ---- .
D) none/everyone
E) neither/someone A) a great deal of/neither
B) a little/all
185- All the recommendations in the proposal ---- C) some/the whole
to save ---- money. D) a minority/both
E) a few/none
A) is/its
B) are/you
C) was/your
D) were/itself
E) is/ours
257
192- He fell and broke his leg when skiing off the 199- ---- new record brings the band more
marked piste, but fortunately, he was success. They have become ---- of the most
spotted, quite by chance, by ---- skier, who successful American rock bands ever.
informed the rescue service immediately.
A) All/every
A) himself B) Both/some
B) any more C) Each/one
C) anywhere D) Some/another
D) several E) Most/the whole
E) another
200- ---- language is hard for a child. Children of
193- Of all the athletes in the world, only a small ---- cultures learn their own language easily
percentage ---- for the Olympics. by listening and talking.
A) qualifies A) All/none
B) is qualifying B) Others/both
C) qualify C) No/all
D) has qualified D) A few/most
E) is going to qualify E) Every/either
194- Mismanagement of land created the worst 201- My daughter has plenty of courage to take
drought in United States history. Farmers some risks, but my son seems to have only
from North Dakota to Texas suffered during ---- .
the 'Dust Bowl' and ---- left the region.
A) a few
A) half of them B) much
B) one another C) a little
C) everywhere D) less
D) much of it E) a lot
E) a great deal
202- ---- children need the warmth of a family in
195- The owner of the bar whose customers order to lead a happy and secure life.
raised the money for charity ---- the cheque
to the hospital. A) A whole
B) Each
A) is awarding C) All
B) are awarding D) Most of
C) have awarded E) A great deal of
D) is being awarded
E) has been awarded 203- ---- of people applied for the position, but ----
of them were qualified enough to be invited
196- Would you like ---- packed lunch to take with for another interview.
you on ---- journey?
A) Everyone/some
A) the/a B) Plenty/much less
B) a/the C) The number/none
C) ---- /some D) Some/a few
D) the/any E) Lots/few
E) some/ ----
204- With ---- more volunteers to help out, we'll
197- The people of Albania belong to two major have no trouble getting ready for the Charity
groups ─the Ghegs and the Tosks─ and ---- Ball on time.
group speaks ---- dialect of the Albanian
language. A) every
B) much
A) both/their B) some/their C) a few
C) neither/itself D) each/its own D) a little
E) one/oneself E) plenty
198- In 1972, a unified written language was

created in Albania, combining elements of
---- dialects.
A) each B) both
C) either D) every
E) neither
258
205- Do you think the police have collected ---- 211- ---- Arabic, a Semitic language rich in
evidence to convict him? vocabulary, is very suitable for rhyming in
---- poetry.
A) enough
B) so many A) The/a
C) a few more B) An/the
D) a number of C) Any/ ----
E) several D) ---/---
E) ---/a
206- According to the Universal Declaration of
Human Rights, ---- human beings are born 212- My son doesn't want to become a doctor
free and equal in dignity and rights. because it takes ---- of time and study.
A) all A) a great many

B) most of B) as much as
C) whole C) a great deal
D) much of D) too many
E) both E) so much that
207- Everyone is entitled to ---- of the rights and 213- ---- of erosional features resulting from
freedoms set forth in this Declaration, glacier movement have been identified and
without distinction of ---- kind. classified according to the type of glacier
that produced them.
A) the whole/all
B) all/any A) The amount
C) many/lots of B) A great number
D) plenty/much C) A good many
E) several/plenty D) The number
E) A good deal
208- He had ---- family and ---- friends, so his life
must have been very lonely. 214- The Amazon River carries ---- silt, but ----
delta has formed at its mouth. The reason for
A) none/little this is that the Amazon empties into the
B) some/less Atlantic Ocean, which has rather high tides.
C) a few/no
D) no/few A) a large quantity of/no
E) a little/any B) a great amount of/every
C) large numbers of/none
209- There were plenty of applications before ----, D) such a lot/very little
but the interviewer chose ---- for the E) a good many/much
position.
215- ---- farming in South America is
A) hers/she subsistence, which means that the farmers
B) our/ours raise only ---- to feed themselves with little
C) my/me left over to market.
D) you/your
E) his/him A) Many/a little
B) Some/a few
210- It's known that surgical operations were C) Several/as much
carried out on fully conscious patients who D) Most/enough
were locally anesthetized only by E) Plenty of/as many
acupuncture and that they exhibited ----
signs of discomfort. 216- About ---- the population of South America
speaks Portuguese ─mainly those living in
A) no Brazil, and almost ---- speak Spanish.
B) none
C) every A) all/a great deal
D) plenty B) most of/some
E) whole C) some of/none
D) much/half
E) half/all the rest
259
217- In ---- diet of ---- person with diabetes, 223- ---- the students were absent because they
carbohydrates, fats and proteins should be were studying for their exams, but I don't
evenly distributed into three main meals and know what happened to ---- .
between-meal snacks.
A) Several/a few
A) a/the B) Much of/the whole
B) some/ ---- C) One of/every one
C) ---- / ---- D) Some of/the rest
D) ---- /any E) Most/each
E) the/a
224- I don't think I'll stand ---- chance of getting
218- There is ---- need to worry about your exam hired for this job as there were ---- others far
as I'm sure you have done ---- revision. better-qualified than me.
A) some/none of A) any/few
B) much/very few B) so many/no
C) no/plenty of C) enough/any
D) none/lots of D) much/many
E) plenty/little E) little/none
219- As a punishment, the teacher made me 225- A few relatives of ---- live in Canada, so we
stand in front of the blackboard today, but can stay with ---- when we go there.
fortunately, on ---- my feet.
A) me/him
A) each B) my/his
B) both C) mine/them
C) one D) theirs/their
D) either E) them/they
E) all
226- I don't think we can manage to meet the
220- When the conflict between the police and the increasing demand without employing ----
demonstrators grew, the crowd began to more workers.
disperse in ---- direction, but some were still
caught. A) much
B) some
A) all C) a little
B) both D) no
C) some E) none
D) every
E) most 227- If you had wrapped ---- piece properly in
cloth, ---- of the glassware would have been
221- Since most regions of the country receive broken during the move.
---- rain, ---- of the land is quite barren.
A) all/some
A) little/much B) each/all
B) too much/several C) every/none
C) most/more D) either/no
D) plenty of/few E) both/neither
E) any/a little
228- You seem to have ---- furniture to fit in your
222- I'm really excited about going to our family new flat. Why don't you sell some of ---- to a
reunion this evening because it has been ---- second-hand shop?
years since I last attended one.
A) too much/it
A) such a lot B) much more/them
B) a great deal of C) so many/yours
C) a little more D) as much as/theirs
D) much more E) quite a little/your
E) a good many
260
229- Most of ---- belong to me, so I can lend you 235- When a major disaster occurs, a hospital
some. may have to treat ---- more patients than it
ordinarily would, so ---- hospitals have
A) them disaster plans ready for such emergencies.
B) it
C) its A) every/all
D) their B) much/each
E) this C) a little/some
D) some/every
230- I don't think any of ---- will refuse to support E) many/most
---- during the campaign.
236- ---- of these items on the agenda are of great
A) his own/his own importance. We cannot delay discussing ---- .
B) him/his
C) their own/himself A) Every/any
D) theirs/he B) Either/many
E) them/him C) Both/either
D) Each/one
231- The horse-driven spinning mill was the first E) All/none
of Richard Arkwright's many mills, and by
1775, he had developed mills in which ---- 237- In some countries, health care is delivered
process of yarn manufacture was carried out relatively equally to all citizens; however,
by just ---- machine. that is not the case in ---- .
A) all of/each A) us
B) the whole/one B) our
C) some of/a few C) we
D) several/every D) ours
E) most/all E) ourselves
232- Bird photography is a popular hobby, 238- Since ---- us volunteered for the charity
although it takes ---- time, patience and campaign, the chairman left the meeting
ingenuity. room in anger.
A) such a lot A) none of

B) a great deal of B) several
C) so many C) almost no
D) a number of D) only a few
E) much of E) much of
233- ---- of my parents seems eager to go for a 239- We were ---- given a text of the same length,
skiing holiday this year, so I may have to go but the context was different in ---- .
on my own.
A) some/any
A) Neither B) every/some
B) Both C) all/each
C) None D) each/much
D) Each E) most/all
E) Either
240- My sister rarely needs to go on ---- diet, and
234- On March 27, 1977, two Boeing 747s collided ---- the time, she eats whatever she likes.
in the runway in ---- Canary Islands, which
claimed ---- 582 lives. A) this/all B) a/most of
C) ---- /the whole D) any/none of
A) ---- / ---- E) the/some of
B) a/the
C) a/ ---- 241- ---- of Albania was once forested, but ---- of
D) the/the the original vegetation remains, due to
E) the/ ---- centuries of clearing and livestock grazing.
A) Some/few
B) Many/none
C) Any/some
D) Most/any
E) Much/little
261
242- I don't understand why I got a lower mark 249- ---- zebra species have decreased in number
from this composition although there were because of human activities, and ---- are
fewer errors in ---- than in ---- . considered endangered.
A) me/you A) Every/many
B) my/your B) Each/several
C) you/mine C) Many/either
D) yours/me D) The whole/each
E) mine/yours E) All/some
243- Of the two pieces of cake in the fridge, ---- 250- I had thought ---- of my class would like a
appeals to my appetite, so you can have ---- trip to the zoo, but when I mentioned it, ----
seemed interested at all.
A) none/all
B) no/the whole A) some/any
C) either/some B) all/neither
D) neither/both C) many/all
E) all/no D) much/no
E) most/none
244- I think we should stop now. We can
complete ---- the work early tomorrow
morning.
A) the rest of
B) many of
C) several of
D) too much
E) a great amount
245- In earlier times ---- of what was written was

in the form of reports and records that were
used by the ---- literate members of society.
A) some/much
B) many/little
C) most/plenty
D) much/few
E) every/many
246- When he became increasingly erratic and

tried to commit suicide, ---- mother
reluctantly had ---- placed in a mental
institution.
A) him/himself
B) his/him
C) hers/his
D) himself/he
E) her own/his own
247- She tried on ---- blouses before she finally

bought just ----
A) plenty/a few
B) several/many
C) lots of/one
D) much of/none
E) many of/any
248- Making things by hand, the way nearly ----

was made before the Industrial Revolution,
attracts a large number of amateurs today.
A) anyone C) anything
B) something D) everywhere
E) everything
262
QUANTIFIERS – DETERMINERS- PRONOUNS- ARTICLES REVISION (C.T.)
1- Two decades ago mobile phones were 6- ---- began the systematic discovery and
something that ---- . removal of the cultural heritage of the Silk
Road.
A) little did people know that they would become
popular A) The Hungarian-born British collector Aurel
B) more and more people knew how to use Stein is most criticized by contemporary
them Chinese scholars
C) they have proved such a convenience in the B) The 7000 ancient Buddhist texts and
modern world paintings that are now housed in the British
D) few people had even heard of, let alone had Museum
access to C) Having embarked on a furious race to
E) a lot of people have one and use it regularly gather as many artefacts as they could
these days transport
D) Many of the treasures of the Silk Road were
2- It's hard to imagine, but the fax was first destroyed during the Cultural Revolution
invented ---- . E) At the turn of the 20th century, "foreign
devils" in the form of archaeologists
A) and its inventor must have struggled to find
funding for his idea 7- Learning a foreign language certainly
B) more than 140 years ago by an Italian called involves ---- .
Giovanni Caselli
C) much longer than it took to fax a document A) as if you get to talk in practical situations
today B) more than just memorizing long lists of
D) a lot of time was taken to improve the quality words
of reproductions C) since you need both grammar and
E) many times since its first use in the late 1980s vocabulary
D) audio-visual aids should also be used
3- In the game of poker, it is necessary to deal effectively
---- . E) listening, speaking, reading and writing are
the required skills
A) each player five cards on the first deal
B) all players must try to get the best hand 8- As the repeated use of camera flashes can
C) every player can change up to three cards cause colours to fade, ---- .
D) some players don't bet and fold their cards
instead A) it is usually forbidden to use a flash when
E) any player wanting to stay in the game has to photographing works of art
bet B) people often forget to turn off the flash on
their automatic cameras
4- ----, computing technology is still in its C) the wall paintings at Sumela, near Trabzon,
infancy. date from three distinct periods
D) according to some experts, the Mona Lisa is
A) Because it has progressed so far actually the face of a man
B) Since computers are tricky and erratic E) digital cameras are getting more and more
machines sophisticated all the time
C) In spite of all its many wonders
D) So many people are dependent on 9- Catalan and Basque are two of the
computers today languages spoken in Spain ---- .
E) Just as soon as I bought my first computer
A) so modern standard Spanish is also,
5- ---- because so many different kinds of people referred to as Castilian
live there. B) which is also spoken by many people
outside of Spain
A) Kuala Lumpur is in the south-central part of C) when attempts were made to standardize
the Malay Peninsula the spelling and grammar
B) Malaysia is the smallest country in the region D) other than Spanish, which is the official
except for Singapore and Brunei language
C) Malaysia is one of the most interesting E) though Catalan is a Romance language
countries in Southeast Asia with a highly developed literature
D) Malaysia is a country whose economy
depends on the production and export of raw
materials
E) With the exception of Mount Kinabalu in
Sabah, elevations are not very high in
Malaysia
263
10- ---- for over four decades now, and she still 14- ----, but only because none of the others
has a fantastic voice. was very good.
A) Tina Turner was noted for her energetic A) We didn't enjoy the exhibition very much
performances B) Most of the paintings at the exhibition were
B) It was her solo album "Private Dancer" that by young artists
began her major comeback C) Ed's was the best painting at the exhibition
C) Singing is something Tina Turner has been D) I'm just a beginner and my paintings cannot
doing compare with yours
D) Tina Turner is called "super grandma" E) I thought my painting looked terrible
because of her advanced age compared to the others
E) Tina Turner was among the leading rock
performers of the 20th century 15- ---- that she bought herself a new pair of
shoes to celebrate.
11- Although historians are unsure of the dates
of the early events in Indian history, ---- . A) Imelda was so happy about her husband's
promotion
A) they have been able to learn a lot from its B) Knowing that people sometimes buy things
ancient epics about how the society not out of necessity
functioned C) All her shoes were getting old, so she was
B) the Buddha was a historical person, not a desperately in need
god as they once thought D) Whenever Mary felt depressed, all she
C) many Indian stories have found their way wanted
into other literatures E) Janice had no good clothes to wear to her
D) there are no specific dates until about 500 uncle's wedding
BC
E) which is going to be their greatest challenge 16- I first read Herman Melville's Mobydick when
I was in high school, ---- .
12- The employee we just hired says he has a
number of ---- . A) nor could I understand all of it
B) which was so long ago that I can hardly
A) information that we should know about his remember any of it
past life C) or I must not have enjoyed it very much
B) ideas that he believes will greatly benefit the D) so it was about Captain Ahab's fanatical
company search for a white whale
C) capital that he can lend us to save us from E) therefore, it was required reading at the
going bankrupt time
D) meetings that he had attended just the day
before 17- ---- ; how much did yours cost?
E) variety of skills which he can use to our
benefit A) Thanks for telling me how much you paid
for your motorbike
13- ----, yet the others seem to get poorer all the B) I paid about $200 for my mountain bike
time. C) I heard that you are going to buy Bill's old
car
A) There is a big gap between the rich and the D) You should get rid of your old TV and buy a
poor in several industrialized countries new flat-screen model
B) Most of Africa seems to be making little E) I'm surprised that you got such a large pay
economic progress rise
C) Certain changes in industrial economies
have led to what is called structural 18- ---- since no one ever tells me anything.
unemployment
D) Several Asian nations have recently made A) I may be the oldest member of the staff, but
remarkable progress I'm also the most experienced
E) Economic inequality is something that must B) I'll let you know the latest gossip the
be tackled by governments everywhere moment I find out about it
C) I would tell you the secret if you promised
not to tell anyone
D) I wonder why I haven't heard anything about
the changes to the schedule
E) Whatever happens in the office, I am
always the last to know
264
19- ---- all the money I lent you last week.
A) She said she was hard up and asked me

B) I hope it proved useful to you
C) You cannot possibly have spent
D) I didn't know that you needed more because
E) I'm sorry that I couldn't afford to give more
20- It doesn't matter; we can go to either place

for our holiday ---- .
A) because they both look interesting

B) as none of them appear to be very
expensive
C) since one of them looks much better than
the other
D) whereas all of them look fantastic
E) although we haven't been to any of them
265
CONJUNCTIONS – TRANSITIONS
1- ---- I dislike sentimental films, sometimes, 7- ---- how many windows I open, I can't get
when I'm not feeling very energetic, I can any air movement in the house.
curl up on the sofa and watch one.
A) Even if
A) As soon as B) Although
B) Much as C) No matter
C) The moment D) Whereas
D) However E) However
E) Despite
8- We had better take a spare blanket with us
2- She is fed up with sharing a house with ---- it gets cooler than we expect in the
others; ----, she is looking for her own flat. mountains.
A) moreover A) if only
B) therefore B) so that
C) however C) thus
D) although D) in case
E) nevertheless E) even though
3- He is not leaving the company because he is 9- ---- they played better than they have so far
unhappy there; ---- , he has enjoyed working in the cup, they lost the match.
there, but he has other reasons.
A) Despite
A) on the other hand B) No sooner
B) as a result C) In contrast
C) however D) However
D) on the contrary E) Although
E) nonetheless
10- ---- television channel you watch, the news
4- This diet and exercise plan is ---- costly ---- bulletins are all the same, as if written by the
painful, so anyone with a little will-power can same person!
follow it with ease.
A) No matter
A) not only/but also B) However
B) no matter/how C) Whichever
C) so much/that D) As soon as
D) whether/or E) The more
E) neither/nor
11- ---- relieve some of the burden on the city's
5- ---- her illness leaving her very weak at only airport, they are planning to build a
times, she tries to derive pleasure from life. second one.
A) Despite A) No matter
B) Whereas B) In case
C) Although C) In order to
D) However D) Even though
E) Instead of E) Owing to
6- She had ---- placed the plate of cakes on the 12- Our students have to choose to study ----
table ---- the children gave her the empty French ---- Spanish, because they are the
plate and requested some more. compulsory languages selected by the
board.
A) the moment/while
B) hardly/when A) such/as
C) neither/nor B) neither/nor
D) yet/still C) scarcely/and
E) not only/but also D) whether/or
E) either/or
266
13- ---- we discuss the fine details, let me ask 20- ---- 'Internet Cafes', students who can't
you whether you are interested in our offer. afford computers have access to the Internet
and to e-mail.
A) However
B) Consequently A) In order that
C) Afterwards B) Owing to
D) In spite of C) Wherever
E) Before D) Whereas
E) Whoever
14- Western Scotland is wild and mountainous,
---- eastern Scotland is lush farmland. 21- Black bears don't usually attack humans.
----, they normally run away from us.
A) despite
B) whereas A) On the contrary
C) as a result B) On the other hand
D) nevertheless C) Furthermore
E) therefore D) Consequently
E) Nevertheless
15- I don't see why the boys can't go fishing ----
they promise to stay together and come 22- She has been looking much more
back before it gets dark. enthusiastic about the future ---- she
accepted her new job.
A) whereas
B) no matter A) since
C) whether B) until
D) as long as C) before
E) in spite of D) when
E) by the time
16- ---- your mothers' efforts in making the
costumes, the whole cast of the play looked 23- ---- the renovation of their football stadium,
great. the team will be using another team's
ground next season.
A) Despite
B) However A) However
C) Thanks to B) While
D) As a result C) Due to
E) Much as D) Because
E) Whereas
17- He was ---- well-liked ---- everybody in the
firm gave generously towards his retirement 24- The traffic into town usually gets a bit lighter
present. ---- the schools have closed for the summer.
A) so/that A) in case
B) not only/and B) so that
C) either/or C) while
D) neither/nor D) once
E) both/and E) although
18- He was just ---- calm ---- anybody could be 25- ---- your mother comes to visit, we must
under the circumstances. remember to give her the things your sister
left for her.
A) not only/but also
B) so/that A) Whereas
C) much/than B) When
D) as/as C) However
E) neither/nor D) By the time
E) No matter
19- ---- does the International Students' Society
help foreign students settle in, ---- it 26- Playing games in the back, the children
organizes sightseeing trips as well. didn't get bored ---- we drove to the resort.
A) So/that A) by the time

B) No sooner/when B) for
C) Not only/but C) as
D) Both/and D) during
E) Neither/nor E) since
267
27- When deep-sea diving, you must pay 33- There are a lot of jellyfish in the water
attention to the time, ---- staying under water around here; ---- , they are a harmless
too long may result in serious illness. variety.
A) whereas A) no matter
B) so B) besides
C) for C) consequently
D) but D) however
E) whenever E) much as
28- Please answer the telephone for the next 34- He was tired of commuting such a long way
hour ---- the receptionist has gone to the to work, ---- he was quite excited when a
dentist. local company offered him a job.
A) while A) as
B) until B) so
C) therefore C) for
D) so D) though
E) as E) still
29- The residents received some warning of the 35- It was clear that ---- how much he protested,
tornado; ----, several people were injured. his father was not going to change his mind.
A) nonetheless A) no matter
B) despite B) whereas
C) even though C) whenever
D) thus D) whatever
E) otherwise E) although
30- ---- the authorities try, they don't seem to be 36- ---- it was extremely windy, we managed to
able to reduce the crime rate. have a good game of beach volleyball.
A) Whoever A) However
B) No sooner B) No matter
C) No matter C) In spite of
D) Whatever D) Even though
E) By the time E) For fear that
31- ---- vast distances and great difficulties in 37- We are going to set out at dawn tomorrow,
transportation, there was a remarkable ---- we have loaded up the car tonight.
amount of trade in the ancient world.
A) as
A) Whenever B) when
B) As a consequence of C) so
C) While D) for
D) Even though E) because
E) In spite of
38- We had to move offices temporarily ---- a
32- ---- the facts that the cafe is close to the new carpet was being fitted in ours.
university and offers reasonably priced
meals, it is very popular with students. A) much as
B) wherever
A) On account C) during
B) Owing to D) until
C) Whereas E) while
D) Because
E) As long as 39- We cannot move back into our office ---- the
workmen have cleared up.
A) while
B) by the time
C) as long as
D) until
E) when
268
40- His parents were happy that he managed to 46- ---- people are more aware of the cruelty of
gain a university degree ---- his handicap. importing exotic animals, dealers are less
likely to find buyers for pets such as
A) thus monkeys and parrots.
B) provided
C) besides A) As a result
D) though B) Because of
E) despite C) Nevertheless
D) In contrast to
41- ---- the sports centre has marvellous E) Now that
facilities, it is usually crowded with sports
enthusiasts. 47- He had ---- opened the doors of the shop ----
a customer came in and bought all the fresh
A) Despite cream cakes.
B) Whenever
C) Because A) both/and
D) However B) not only/but also
E) On account C) the earlier/the more
D) no sooner/than
42- Working hours for farmers, ---- the fixed E) neither/nor
hours of office workers, are irregular and
dependent upon the needs of livestock and 48- I like to read my newspaper ---- travelling to
crops. work, but I often leave it behind.
A) in order to A) instead of
B) in contrast to B) while
C) nevertheless C) as soon as
D) in spite of D) because of
E) on the other hand E) since
43- ---- we scrubbed the floor, ---- obvious it 49- ---- you have used the photocopier, please
became that a special cleaning fluid would don't forget to turn it off.
be required to remove the marks.
A) After
A) Hardly/when B) While
B) Not only/but also C) Just
C) However/so D) Before
D) No matter/how E) Unless
E) The more/the more
50- I'm worried about him as he went directly to
44- I have heard that he has been doing well ---- bed ---- hardly touching his dinner.
he opened his own language school.
A) while
A) since B) when
B) while C) before
C) no sooner D) after
D) when E) until
E) by the time
51- People often don't tell the truth on market
45- ---- the way they are portrayed in numerous surveys; ---- , the results obtained from them
films and stories as man-eating creatures, are not always accurate.
only a few species of sharks are known to
attack humans. A) for
B) otherwise
A) As C) due to
B) Owing to D) thus
C) Unlike E) however
D) Although
E) Because 52- The police are determined to find the culprits
---- long it may take to trace them.
A) in spite of
B) however
C) even if
D) the more
E) no matter
269
53- The people of Quebec, Canada, are ---- 59- This book is ---- entertaining ---- informative,
patriotic ---- the blue and white provincial so I definitely recommend it to you.
flag flies over many homes and businesses.
A) both/and
A) but/still B) either/or
B) neither/nor C) so/that
C) just as/when D) neither/nor
D) not only/but also E) whether/or
E) so/that
60- Some people argue that traditional blood
54- The ban on night-time visitors to Patara sports, ---- fox-hunting and bullfighting,
beach is ---- the fact that the turtles get should be banned because they are barbaric
confused about which direction the sea is and inhumane.
when they see artificial light.
A) in case
A) because B) even when
B) due to C) as far as
C) despite D) such as
D) though E) as though
E) in order to
61- ---- engaged in as competition ---- as
55- ---- we sat down for our coffee break, the fire recreation, waterskiing is an exhilarating
alarm rang. outdoor sport.
A) Hardly A) No sooner/than
B) Seeing that B) Unless/and
C) As long as C) Whether/or
D) Until D) Hardly/when
E) Just as E) The more/the less
56- ---- being an accomplished artist, Leonardo 62- Special heat sensors on the front of the
da Vinci was also a sculptor, an architect rattlesnake's head enable it ---- to detect the
and a man of science. presence of prey in the dark ---- to strike its
victim accurately.
A) Not only
B) However A) in addition/due
C) In order to B) not only/but also
D) Besides C) whether/or
E) Moreover D) either/or
E) scarcely/when
57- ---- the great diversity in social behaviour
and habits between different types of ants, 63- Peter is leaving to go back to England, ----
most of them have the same basic physical we are holding a farewell dinner for him.
structure.
A) or else
A) Regardless B) since
B) Even though C) once
C) As if D) yet
D) Besides E) so
E) Despite
64- As we will be touring, we could take the tent
58- Strawberries are ---- cheap at the moment ---- just ---- we see a nice campsite and want to
we should make some jam. stop.
A) both/and A) in case
B) not only/but also B) when
C) so/that C) unless
D) more/than D) until
E) as/as E) as
270
65- ---- urgently callers say they need to speak 72- I wasn't disappointed not to win the final ---- I
to me, I do not want any calls for the next hadn't even expected to get as far as I had in
hour. the competition.
A) Moreover A) even
B) Provided that B) though
C) However C) however
D) Even if D) as
E) The more E) providing
66- ---- the work was physically demanding, and 73- You'll have awfully sore legs tomorrow ----
at times we felt really exhausted, seeing the you don't use plenty of lotion now to protect
end result was very satisfying. them from this strong sun.
A) Owing to A) or
B) Even though B) in case
C) No matter C) if
D) As though D) so
E) However E) still
67- He has put on a little weight ---- he started 74- ---- somebody bought me a ticket, I still
doing this sedentary office job. wouldn't go to see the Spice Girls perform.
A) once A) However
B) when B) Only if
C) despite C) Even if
D) since D) Until
E) before E) Besides
68- It is a pebble beach, ---- we had better take 75- ---- the introduction of the new education act,
some beach mats to lie on. elementary school children have been taught
English from the fourth grade.
A) as
B) because A) In order to
C) unless B) Although
D) for C) Until
E) so D) During
E) Since
69- They looked around a lot of different
buildings ---- they could choose the most 76- They will start constructing the new roof ----
suitable one to rent for their new business. every resident has paid their contribution.
A) yet A) no sooner
B) besides B) while
C) since C) in order that
D) by the time D) as soon as
E) so that E) no matter
70- ---- he is a strong man, he had no trouble 77- It was ---- she was in Milan that she was
hiking with a heavy rucksack. discovered by a fashion designer and
persuaded to work as a model.
A) For
B) Since A) while
C) Until B) during
D) Provided that C) no sooner
E) When D) despite
E) besides
71- I'm not sure ---- he has decided to take the
new job ---- stay with his present employer. 78- We wrapped the roast chicken in special
paper ---- it would stay warm until our guests
A) whether/or arrived.
B) neither/nor
C) yet/still A) while B) so that
D) not only/but also C) in case D) as though
E) hardly/when E) much as
271
79- ---- the solar system is tiny compared with 85- The population of the rare mountain gorilla
the distances to galaxies or even to nearby has increased in the last few years largely
stars, it is enormous when compared with ---- the Rwandan government's recognition
distances on the Earth. of this animal's importance to the tourist
industry.
A) However
B) Even though A) nevertheless
C) Nevertheless B) as for
D) As long as C) otherwise
E) The fact that D) owing to
E) furthermore
80- They tried not to swallow any water as they
swam across the river ---- it might be 86- Although the pension was very reasonably
contaminated. priced, it was certainly not uncomfortable. ----,
it had a beautiful shady garden and a roof
A) for fear that terrace with a splendid view of the area.
B) meanwhile
C) besides A) Therefore
D) even though B) Even though
E) regardless C) Otherwise
D) Moreover
81- They'll be able to take on some permanent E) Nevertheless
staff ---- they have fully established
themselves in the city. 87- The coach was full and the weather very hot,
but the air conditioning wasn't working. ---- ,
A) as though the passengers were uncomfortable and
B) while many of them complained.
C) when
D) even if A) On the contrary
E) during B) Nevertheless
C) Consequently
82- He was extremely happy about winning the D) Otherwise
contest, because it gave him ---- the E) Furthermore
opportunity to join a professional orchestra,
---- the chance to travel. 88- They could easily afford to stay at the best
hotels, ---- they preferred to stay at small
A) either/or family-run guest houses.
B) no sooner/than
C) whether/or A) as
D) not only/but also B) yet
E) neither/nor C) for
D) therefore
83- The household vacuum cleaner was first E) so
mass-produced by William Henry Hoover; ----,
it is now commonly referred to as a 'hoover'. 89- The 35th US President, J. F. Kennedy, was
shot by a lone gunman ---- taking part in a
A) besides procession in November, 1963.
B) on the contrary
C) otherwise A) in order to
D) whereas B) during
E) therefore C) owing to
D) until
84- The inhabitants of Zelve were re-housed in a E) while
nearby village ---- prevent any more injuries
and deaths from rock falls. 90- We are unable to send you a brochure at the
moment, but we will send you one ---- new
A) in order that stock arrives.
B) in case
C) so as to A) before
D) even if B) until
E) as far as C) as soon as
D) while
E) although
272
91- ---- of how many different precautions you 97- They didn't buy that house because it is a
take, you cannot avoid being bitten by long way from any schools; ----, it needs a
midges in Scotland at this time of year. fortune spending on it.
A) No matter A) nevertheless
B) Nevertheless B) regardless
C) Whatever C) whereas
D) Regardless D) furthermore
E) Instead E) on the other hand
92- We are, from this date forward, cancelling 98- Because my car is very old and ---- a little
your company's credit facility with us ---- unreliable, I usually take the train when
your poor payment record. travelling long distances.
A) on account of A) however
B) even though B) though
C) in addition to C) therefore
D) in spite of D) while
E) besides E) owing to
93- Dave caught malaria ---- he was working on a 99- ---- varied they may be in purpose, all
construction project in Africa. spacecraft move through space in
accordance with fundamental physical laws,
A) during and all are made up of similar basic
B) while components.
C) by the time
D) as soon as A) Because
E) until B) So that
C) However
94- I still think it's a long way to go without D) While
taking a break ---- they are to take turns at E) Consequently
the wheel.
100- We are holding a meeting tomorrow ---- we
A) even if can develop a plan for next year's
B) whether campaigns well in advance.
C) so that
D) despite A) in case
E) yet B) in order that
C) no sooner
95- ---- performing all the functions of a D) even if
standard vacuum cleaner, this model will E) no matter
also clean your carpets, Madam.
101- This charity ---- provides emergency relief
A) Regardless ---- teaches people practical skills to help
B) However avoid future catastrophes.
C) In addition to
D) Seeing as A) such/that
E) Furthermore B) whether/or
C) both/so
96- I'm glad that we phoned to check the date of D) rather/than
their wedding; ----, we would have missed it. E) not only/but also
A) consequently 102- ---- how careful I try to be throughout the

B) in case month, I always seem to run out of money
C) although before I get paid.
D) however
E) otherwise A) Whenever
B) Even though
C) No matter
D) In case
E) Even if
273
103- ---- ordinary chestnuts, which are delicious 109- Traffic to the airport has been much lighter
when roasted, horse chestnuts are inedible ---- the metro system was built.
and are most commonly used by children in
a game called 'conkers'. A) as if
B) once
A) Besides C) since
B) Similar to D) until
C) Whereas E) while
D) In contrast to
E) On the other hand 110- He resigned from his position ---- he could
find time to write his long intended book.
104- Apart from the radiator, the cylinder head is
---- damaged, ---- the garage will need our car A) otherwise
for a week to repair it. B) however
C) thanks to
A) still/yet D) moreover
B) so/as E) so that
C) both/though
D) such/as 111- In their opinion, they presented the best
E) also/so proposals, ---- they didn't get the contract.
105- The summer will be over ---- they open the A) if

swimming-pool. B) yet
C) as
A) by the time D) for
B) while E) so
C) though
D) during 112- There will be a shortage of water ---- we get
E) no sooner some rainfall soon.
106- For reasons of safety, space-launch centres A) as if

are usually located on ---- oceans ---- B) in case
sparsely populated land. C) whenever
D) unless
A) either/or E) by the time
B) such/as
C) neither/nor 113- The lungs are never completely empty. ----
D) hardly/when the most vigorous expiration, they still
E) whether/or contain about 983 cubic centimetres of air.
107- ---- the 1970s, the United States developed A) Even after
the space shuttle, the first reusable manned B) As though
space vehicle. C) However
D) Whereas
A) When E) Even if
B) During
C) While 114- ---- writing techniques and vocabulary can
D) Due to be taught, no amount of instruction can
E) By the time make up for a lack of natural creative talent.
108- ---- the doctor told you that you had only six A) Soon
months to live, what would you do with the B) Hardly
time? C) While
D) No matter
A) Regardless of E) Since
B) Owing to
C) In addition to 115- ---- the council has provided places for us to
D) Suppose that take our empty bottles for recycling, many of
E) In order that us still throw glass bottles into the ordinary
dustbins.
A) However
B) On account of
C) In addition to
D) Despite
E) Even though
274
116- It wasn't because she was bored staying at 122- You had better take some tablets with you
home with her son that she returned to work; ---- Pakistani food upsets you.
----, she loves looking after him, but they
needed some additional income. A) so that
B) as though
A) on the other hand C) even if
B) on the contrary D) in case
C) therefore E) thus
D) nonetheless
E) as a result 123- ---- restaurant you eat at in this town, you
will be able to pay with your credit card. All
117- My nephew wants to become a doctor; ----, the restaurants around here accept Visa or
he takes a special interest in biology at American Express.
school.
A) Whichever
A) although B) No matter
B) nevertheless C) However
C) therefore D) As soon as
D) however E) The more
E) besides
124- ---- his invention changed the world, he
118- The play was ---- well-rehearsed ---- suitable never gained much financial success.
for families. In fact, it was a complete waste
of time seeing it. A) Despite
B) In contrast
A) neither/nor C) No sooner
B) either/or D) However
C) both/and E) Although
D) not only/but also
E) so/that 125- ---- how many hours I spend revising, I don't
seem to be able to catch up with the rest of
119- ---- he loves his work, he wasn't willing to the class.
forsake his holiday.
A) Whereas
A) As soon as B) Although
B) Much as C) Whenever
C) Due to D) No matter
D) However E) Even if
E) Despite
126- ---- you tell me all the facilities your holiday
120- ---- staying at the best hotel in Brussels, she village has, can I learn whether you have
was not entirely satisfied with the service vacancies for the last two weeks in
there. September?
A) Although A) In case
B) Despite B) Consequently
C) Whereas C) Afterwards
D) However D) Before
E) Owing to E) Otherwise
121- ---- had her broken arm mended ---- she 127- That part of South Africa is safe ---- you stay
broke her other wrist falling off her horse. on the main highway.
A) The moment/while A) as long as

B) Neither/nor B) whereas
C) Hardly/when C) whichever
D) If only/still D) no matter
E) Not only/but also E) despite
275
128- In northern Italy, it's quite rainy in summer, 134- ---- avoid a repetition of the fuel crisis in the
---- it is typically hot and dry in the southern UK, the government has been given special
areas of the country. powers to insist that fuel companies deliver
petrol and diesel.
A) despite
B) nevertheless A) No matter
C) whereas B) In order to
D) therefore C) In case
E) as a result D) Even though
E) Owing to
129- ---- Craig's donation of his total winnings of
£70,000 to her, Julia will now be able to have 135- Mandarin Chinese must be ---- difficult ----
the surgery she needs in America. Arabic for Europeans to learn.
A) Despite A) so/that
B) Much as B) not only/but also
C) Thanks to C) as/as
D) However D) much/than
E) As a result E) neither/nor
130- Her new shoes could be ---- leather ---- 136- Swimmers in international competitions
plastic, but if they are plastic, they are a very have to be careful not to dive into the water
good imitation of leather. before the start signal is given, ---- doing so
results in disqualification.
A) such/as
B) neither/nor A) whereas
C) whether/or B) thus
D) not only/but C) for
E) either/or D) but
E) whenever
131- After her divorce, the actress was ----
depressed ---- she committed suicide. 137- Barbara has been learning Japanese ---- she
made friends with a Japanese girl at
A) either/or university.
B) such/as
C) neither/nor A) before
D) so/that B) by the time
E) both/and C) until
D) since
132- ---- does the course prepare teachers to E) when
teach English abroad, ---- it also instructs
them on how to teach immigrants in the UK. 138- The hike wasn't as long as I had expected;
----, I had blisters on both heels.
A) Not only/but
B) So/that A) despite
C) No sooner/when B) thus
D) Both/and C) otherwise
E) Neither/nor D) nevertheless
E) even after
133- ---- an engineering failure between
Shrewsbury and Wellington, the train will be 139- ---- the highly competitive nature of the
delayed. clothing trade in the UK, the department
store has decided to close its UK branches.
A) In spite of
B) In order that A) Due to
C) Whenever B) However
D) Owing to C) Whereas
E) Whereas D) While
E) Because
276
140- ---- the boss said to Paul, it seems to have 147- Steve Redgrave received more publicity than
upset him. his three team mates ---- it was the 5th gold
medal he had won.
A) As though
B) Whatever A) because
C) No sooner B) otherwise
D) No matter C) therefore
E) By the time D) whereas
E) however
141- I wasn't frustrated when my train was
delayed by fifteen minutes; ----, I was glad 148- ---- the package was poorly wrapped, the tea
that it allowed time for me to eat some set arrived unbroken.
breakfast.
A) In spite of
A) on the other hand B) However
B) otherwise C) For fear that
C) furthermore D) No sooner
D) nevertheless E) Even though
E) on the contrary
149- There is a local train which departs five
142- ---- the chip, it is still a valuable antique jug. minutes earlier than the express. It arrives in
Birmingham 20 minutes later, ---- .
A) Whenever
B) On account of A) so
C) In spite of B) still
D) While C) though
E) Even though D) yet
E) already
143- ---- your nephew goes to Turkey, we must
remember to ask him to buy some pine 150- It's our wedding anniversary today, ---- we
honey. have booked a table at our favourite
restaurant.
A) Whereas
B) When A) as
C) However B) when
D) No matter C) for
E) While D) so
E) because
144- Unfortunately, we'll have fewer customers in
our cafe ---- the new highway has opened as 151- Her husband doesn't drive; ----, she had to
it'll draw some of the traffic from our road. drive the van that they hired to move house.
A) while A) otherwise
B) although B) for
C) in case C) still
D) once D) therefore
E) so that E) nevertheless
145- I'll send you a hand-written quotation on a 152- ---- starting in a poor position, David
facsimile ---- my computer isn't working at Coulthard won the Grand Prix race.
the moment.
A) Provided
A) so B) Owing to
B) until C) However
C) despite D) Since
D) thus E) In spite of
E) as
153- My car was stolen last week and although it
146- He was not given a permanent position in was fully insured, I would like to get it back
the office ---- his habit of turning up late. ---- what condition it is in.
A) whereas A) no matter
B) on account of B) whenever
C) because C) even if
D) as long as D) by the time
E) even though E) no sooner
277
154- You can walk across Morcombe Bay at low 161- It is approximately two kilimeters up hill from
tide, but you must make sure you will have the village to the hotel; ----, it will take us
reached the other side ---- the tide comes in. more than half an hour to get there on foot.
A) until A) for
B) once B) due to
C) by the time C) however
D) during D) otherwise
E) since E) thus
155- Her car was scratched with a knife by 162- I heard that he hasn't been playing as much
vandals ---- they were celebrating their golf ---- he got married.
anniversary at their favourite restaurant.
A) no sooner
A) whenever B) by the time
B) until C) since
C) during D) while
D) while E) when
E) much as
163- The commentator got ---- excited watching
156- She didn't notice the damage to her car ---- Steve Redgrave win his 5th gold medal ----
the next morning. she burst into tears.
A) when A) so/that
B) by the time B) neither/nor
C) as long as C) either/or
D) unless D) whether/or
E) until E) more/than
157- The Italian artist Bellini's ability to portray 164- I like to watch the news ---- I'm eating my
outdoor light was so skillful that the viewer lunch, so I usually eat on a tray in the living
can tell ---- the season of the year ---- almost room.
the hour of the day.
A) instead of
A) hardly/when B) while
B) the more/the less C) owing to
C) despite/while D) since
D) not only/but also E) as soon as
E) during/as
165- ---- most hair dyes, which are made from
158- They set off on their honeymoon directly ---- chemical substances, henna is a natural
the last wedding guest had left the reception. plant extract which gives the hair a red tint.
A) unless A) Owing to
B) until B) As
C) just C) Unlike
D) after D) Although
E) while E) Because
159- ---- hard we tried to save, it soon became 166- ---- you have watched the video, please
obvious that we would never be able to rewind the tape to the beginning.
afford a new car.
A) Until
A) However B) Just as
B) So much C) Unless
C) Much more D) While
D) Even though E) After
E) No matter
167- ---- her son is at university, she has more
160- She had ---- got on the bus ---- it hit a lorry. time to do the things she enjoys.
A) no sooner/than A) As a result
B) both/and B) Nevertheless
C) not only/but also C) Because of
D) the sooner/the more D) In contrast to
E) either/or E) Now that
278
168- ---- a broken sewage pipe near the Rodrigo 174- Due to her allergy, food which contains flour
De Freitas Lagoon in Brazil, one hundred ---- bread, cakes and pastry, are excluded
and thirty-two tons of fish died. from Edith's strict diet.
A) In order to A) in case
B) Though B) as far as
C) As a result of C) even when
D) Because D) such as
E) Despite E) as though
169- ---- being colleagues, they are also good 175- This rose flavour Turkish delight is ----
friends. delicious ---- we should buy some to take
home with us.
A) In order to
B) Besides A) as/as
C) However B) both/and
D) Not only C) not only/but
E) Moreover D) more/than
E) so/that
170- ---- she was taking the chicken out of the
oven, her husband rang to inform her that he 176- There is no single science of society or
would be eating with his German business science of humanity. ---- , there are several
associates. branches of learning that deal with the
origins and activities of human groups.
A) Until
B) Seeing that A) Instead
C) As long as B) Or else
D) Just as C) Thus
E) Hardly D) Besides
E) Apart from
171- Apple tea is ---- refreshing ---- healthy, so I
recommend it as an alternative to black tea. 177- I've left a message with Carol and told her
about all the details ---- the delivery comes
A) so/that while I'm out.
B) both/and
C) either/or A) unless
D) neither/nor B) in case
E) whether/or C) when
D) until
172- You will have made a contribution to helping E) as
the homeless, ---- little money you raise with
your coffee morning. 178- The run-down blocks of flats in our area
have ---- become depressing places to live
A) no matter in, ---- dangerous neighbourhoods to walk
B) the more around at night.
C) however
D) even if A) the more/than
E) in spite of B) whether/or
C) not only/but also
173- ---- being very wasteful in environmental D) so much/that
terms, eating 'fast-food' from disposable E) scarcely/when
containers is growing in popularity all
around the world. 179- ---- how well her host family look after her,
she will naturally feel a little homesick.
A) Despite
B) Regardless A) Moreover
C) As if B) Provided that
D) Besides C) Even if
E) Even though D) No matter
E) The more
279
180- ---- you learn a language for business ---- 186- ---- she was a sensitive woman, she had a
just for pleasure, grammar is a necessary lot of empathy with her patients.
part of the course.
A) For
A) No sooner/than B) Since
B) Not only/but also C) Until
C) Due to/besides D) Thus
D) Whether/or E) When
E) Hardly/when
187- You won't be able to style your hair in
181- I borrowed the game keeper's binoculars ---- different ways ---- you have it cut short.
I could see the zebras more clearly.
A) if
A) for B) or
B) so that C) still
C) as D) only if
D) in case E) until
E) besides
188- Although treated like a film star by some in
182- The quality of Rover cars has improved his former home of East London, Reggie
considerably ---- they became a private Kray should ---- be admired as a hero ----
company again. receive any praise as he was one of the most
feared criminals Britain has ever known.
A) when
B) despite A) whether/or
C) once B) either/or
D) before C) neither/nor
E) since D) such/that
E) the more/than
183- Your composition shows ---- an
understanding of the subject ---- an 189- Heading towards the finish-line, the athlete
appreciation of the surrounding issues, so in the walking marathon lifted both feet off
I'm afraid you have received a low grade on the ground, which is against the rules, ----
this occasion. she entered the stadium. She burst into tears
when they disqualified her.
A) neither/nor
B) whether/or A) no sooner
C) yet/still B) hardly
D) not only/but also C) until
E) hardly/when D) in case
E) just as
184- ---- physical geography is an Earth science
concerned with places, social geography is 190- ---- the weather is awful, which it often is
concerned with the people in the places. there, I enjoy walking in the forest.
A) For A) However
B) However B) Since
C) Unless C) Even if
D) Provided D) Until
E) Whereas E) In order that
185- ---- the journey was long and uncomfortable, 191- I wasn't surprised that the value of my Marks
seeing an Inca city at the top of a mountain and Spencer shares dropped ---- the
was a fantastic experience. company has been doing rather badly lately.
A) Owing to A) as
B) Even though B) though
C) However C) providing
D) As though D) however
E) No matter E) even
280
192- The lead singer in the group wrote the song 199- I arranged to catch the early train ---- I would
---- on a tour in Japan. have plenty of time to get to my
appointment.
A) for
B) while A) in order that
C) as B) in case
D) yet C) moreover
E) however D) provided that
E) so as to
193- ---- the food at the cafe at the station is
expensive, I'm often tempted to order a cup 200- Black cumin massage oil is clearly labelled
of tea and a sandwich. as 'for external purposes only' ---- avoid any
confusion.
A) However
B) Even though A) because
C) Nevertheless B) so as to
D) As long as C) in case
E) The fact that D) however
E) besides
194- She ordered a vegetarian pizza ---- any meat
topping might contain pork. 201- When the fire alarm sounded, we left the
building immediately, without taking our
A) meanwhile coats. It was raining and, ----, we got
B) besides absolutely soaking wet.
C) for fear that
D) even though A) regardless
E) regardless of B) otherwise
C) nevertheless
195- So far, 214 people, including 168 children, D) on the contrary
have died ---- rising waters in the Mekong E) consequently
Delta, Vietnam.
202- The footballer was hired by the Spanish club
A) as though ---- his performance during the European
B) in spite of Cup.
C) consequently
D) as a result of A) in case
E) nonetheless B) even though
C) besides
196- Being tired of the rat race in the big city, my D) on account of
husband and I have decided to move to the E) in addition to
coast ---- we retire.
203- ---- the demonstrators sieged the
A) by the time government building, the President was
B) in order that lifted to safety by helicopter.
C) no matter
D) while A) During
E) as soon as B) In order that
C) Owing to
197- I think holding a coffee morning at the shop D) As
will raise quite a lot of money for the charity; E) So as to
----, it will help publicise the shop.
204- He is a member of the same political party,
A) furthermore ---- he doesn't agree with the minister on this
B) otherwise occasion.
C) nevertheless
D) however A) as
E) instead B) for
C) yet
198- A lot of people moved away from the area ---- D) such
another earthquake would strike. E) so
A) providing that
B) in case
C) for fear that
D) so that
E) nevertheless
281
205- Jo noticed the sign advertising the vacancy 211- Because my new car is much smaller and ----
---- he was walking to the station to catch a more economical than my old one, I am
train to his mother's house. hoping to reduce my travel expenses.
A) until A) however
B) while B) though
C) thus C) while
D) whereas D) therefore
E) during E) otherwise
206- ---- how secure you make your house, 212- Shrewsbury library ---- keeps a good
thieves can always find a way to break in. selection of books, ---- lends out compact
discs and video cassettes.
A) No matter
B) Whatever A) such/that
C) Nevertheless B) not only/but also
D) Otherwise C) whether/or
E) As though D) rather/than
E) both/though
207- Although their house is in the countryside, it
is quite close to the main highway. ----, there 213- ---- well-prepared I am, I still get nervous
is a country railway-station within walking before an examination.
distance.
A) Even if
A) Moreover B) However
B) Nevertheless C) No matter
C) Therefore D) Even though
D) Otherwise E) Whenever
E) Even though
214- I'm glad we rang the ferry operator to check
208- I think you are going to find it inconvenient whether the timetable had changed; ----, we
to work at the new offices ---- they would have arrived at the port after the ferry
compensate you for the extra travel to the island had left.
expenses.
A) however
A) so that B) consequently
B) yet C) as though
C) even if D) furthermore
D) as E) otherwise
E) despite
215- ---- its use in Japan as the centre of intricate
209- We will confirm your place on the course ---- traditional ceremonies, tea is considered an
we receive your deposit. ordinary everyday drink in England.
A) by the time A) In contrast to

B) while B) Similar to
C) although C) Until
D) as soon as D) Whereas
E) besides E) On the other hand
210- ---- attending several business meetings in 216- ---- measures are taken, Formula One car
Oslo, James hopes to take a short break and racing will, by its nature, remain a dangerous
explore the city. sport.
A) Furthermore A) So that
B) Seeing as B) Because
C) However C) Whatever
D) Regardless D) As though
E) In addition to E) No matter
282
217- Christine is not enjoying her new job. Her 223- Admission costs five pounds ---- you are a
office is difficult to get to because of traffic student or unemployed.
congestion; ----, the work she has been given
is dull and repetitive. A) by the time
B) in case
A) on the other hand C) whatever
B) regardless D) as if
C) whereas E) unless
D) furthermore
E) nevertheless 224- She continued to whisper to her classmate
---- the teacher had asked her to be quiet.
218- ---- portraits and still life paintings, Frederic
Leighton also painted landscapes, but, A) even after
because they were not exhibited publicly, B) no matter
they gained little attention throughout his C) as though
life. D) whereas
E) even so
A) Until
B) Apart from 225- Experiments in Amazonia, Brazil, with cattle
C) Whereas ranching and commercial forestry have
D) On the contrary proved ---- devastating to the environment
E) Moreover ---- uneconomic, yet deforestation of the
valley continues.
219- The young classical musician has a private
tutor ---- she doesn't miss out on her A) neither/nor
education while touring with the orchestra. B) both/and
C) hardly/when
A) so that D) whether/or
B) in case E) such/as
C) no sooner
D) even if 226- ---- only working part-time, my sister told me
E) no matter that she didn't have any spare time available
to help me do the gardening.
220- Spanish Basque fishermen, who have been
catching cod ---- mediaeval times, had left A) Even if
very few cod in European waters ---- Spain B) Otherwise
entered the European Community in the C) Despite
1980s. D) Owing to
E) However
A) not only/but also
B) before/even if 227- ---- you were given ten million pounds to
C) since/by the time make a film, what would your film be about?
D) during/until
E) no sooner/than A) Regardless of
B) In addition to
221- ---- the 1930s, 23,000 American theatres C) Suppose that
closed due to the growing popularity of D) In order that
films. E) By the time
A) Since 228- She has never been given a serious role ----
B) During she went to the best drama school in the
C) By the time country.
D) Besides
E) While A) in case
B) as if
222- Gene Hackman has become one of the film C) provided that
industry's most respected actors ---- he D) even though
became famous after his award-winning E) inasmuch as
performance in 'The French Connection'.
A) while
B) once
C) until
D) since
E) as if
283
229- I have bought some French language tapes 235- The factory is now on the verge of going
---- I can listen to them and improve my bankrupt, ---- the owner wanted to expand
understanding of the language while I am too quickly and took out a lot of bank loans.
driving.
A) due to
A) moreover B) so
B) however C) just
C) thanks to D) for
D) otherwise E) thus
E) so that
236- ---- we were clearing the attic, we came
230- Living here in the mountains is wonderful in across a wooden box full of photographs of
summer, ---- it can be inconvenient in winter. our deceased grandparents.
A) whereas A) As soon as
B) in order that B) By the time
C) as though C) Whenever
D) because D) Whereas
E) consequently E) While
231- ---- its own special conditions, the Earth is 237- Garbage collection is not usually looked
in some ways similar to the other inner upon as a health measure ---- the collectors
planets―the group of planets closer to the go on strike, and then we realise its
sun. importance to maintaining our health.
A) Since A) until
B) Whereas B) by the time
C) Despite C) as long as
D) However D) after
E) Owing to E) although
232- I had my car checked thoroughly ---- I 238- ---- in the history of the literature of most
wouldn't have any trouble on the way, yet it peoples, poetry was the first literary
still caused me a few minor problems. expression of the Germans.
A) so that A) Such
B) in case B) So
C) since C) As
D) even if D) For
E) however E) Like
233- She phoned some of her friends living some 239- It was reportedly through a transfusion ----
distance away to inform them of the date of his second heart operation that the
her wedding just ---- they hadn't received the American tennis player Arthur Ashe
invitation she sent them. contracted the AIDS virus.
A) in case A) instead of
B) so that B) during
C) unless C) when
D) whenever D) despite
E) until E) while
234- There is much more today for the children to 240- Few pets became popular as quickly as
learn than in the past; ----, the curriculum of parakeets, ---- called budgies, which are
elementary and secondary schools is quite small parrots native to tropical regions.
tough.
A) also
A) however B) besides
B) thus C) as if
C) inasmuch as D) when
D) otherwise E) rather
E) moreover
284
241- ---- the fisherman waits for the fish to come 247- The tongues of certain reptiles function
to his bait, more patience is required in the primarily as sensory organs, ---- cats and
still-fishing technique than in any other. some other mammals use their tongues for
grooming and cleaning.
A) Wherever
B) Though A) therefore
C) Much as B) or else
D) Owing to C) in spite of
E) Since D) whereas
E) likewise
242- ---- a new method, machine or gadget is
invented, it helps humankind to live a little 248- New laws or new interpretations of existing
easier or better or longer. laws may make activities criminal that were
once legal, ---- they may legalise acts that
A) Until were once criminal.
B) However
C) Just as A) therefore
D) By the time B) since
E) Whenever C) nevertheless
D) inasmuch as
243- ---- whether a product has been canned E) while
commercially or at home, foods that are
contained in cans that appear swollen or 249- ---- the time that the Industrial Revolution
dented should not be eaten. swept through Europe, Beirut began to grow
rapidly, becoming a trade link between
A) The fact that Europe and the Middle East.
B) Rather than
C) Every time A) For
D) Regardless of B) During
E) In contrast to C) When
D) As
244- ---- a long and expensive campaign by E) While
World Health Organisation to exterminate
the mosquito carrier, malaria has not been 250- ---- the mid-20th century, there has been a
eliminated in Africa. shift in the emphasis of archaeological
study: from finding out how cultures change
A) Consequently to trying to understand why they change.
B) On account of
C) In spite of A) Until
D) Instead of B) Since
E) Rather than C) During
D) Before
245- From the 18th century onward, ---- knowledge E) Because
of the world increased, new subjects had
been added and old ones split up into 251- ---- all the ingredients are combined, the
branches. perfume is often aged like wine, sometimes
for longer than a year.
A) so
B) during A) By the time
C) as B) Just as
D) whether C) Even if
E) much as D) After
E) Upon
246- ---- the Earth and the other planets move
around the sun, the sun itself moves through 252- The society in Myanmar, in keeping with its
a galaxy, or large group of stars, called the religion, is quite democratic and fluid. There
Milky Way. is no caste system, ---- is there a true
nobility.
A) While
B) Whether A) or
C) However B) also
D) As though C) nor
E) Despite D) just
E) as
285
253- Dual-fuel boilers can use ---- oil ---- gas, 259- Packaging is the first thing that meets the
whichever is less costly. customer's eye, ---- it must be designed to
help sell the product.
A) whether/or
B) hardly/when A) so
C) neither/nor B) nor
D) no sooner/than C) for
E) either/or D) or
E) as
254- ---- humans have been present in large
numbers for a long time, such as India and 260- ---- does the Eiffel Tower dominate the
China, the need for land for agriculture and skyline of Paris ---- it is also a landmark of
settlement has meant the destruction of construction history.
wildlife and natural vegetation.
A) Hardly/when
A) Wherever B) Neither/nor
B) No matter C) Not only/but
C) So that D) Only if/as
D) However E) The more/the less
E) Even if
261- I wasn't offended at all by not being invited
255- The Norwegian skier Aamodt and his friend to Susan's party; ----, I was glad that I didn't
Lasse Kjus were called the "dream team" ---- have to bear her showing off.
their dreamy absent-mindedness about
everything except skiing. A) however
B) consequently
A) whoever C) on the contrary
B) because of D) nonetheless
C) as a result E) on the other hand
D) merely as
E) therefore 262- ---- Rwanda is a small country, it is rich in
resources and economic potential.
256- It was a bad year for James: he lost all his
money and his wife ---- . A) Since
B) When
A) rather more C) Despite
B) moreover D) Although
C) as well E) In contrast to
D) either
E) nonetheless 263- Paris is a beautiful city with lots of historic
monuments ---- the Arc De Triomphe.
257- The boy maintained that he was merely
playing on his computer ---- he gained A) while
access to the bank's customer database. B) such as
C) both
A) after D) rather than
B) when E) as well
C) much as
D) whereas 264- ---- cattle and sheep are allowed to
E) since overgraze the grassland, this practice will
jeopardize the range.
258- ---- what the consequences may be, she
seems determined to go ahead with her A) So that
plans. B) In case
C) More than
A) However D) If
B) Even if E) Thus
C) As though
D) Although 265- Some types of birds suffered ---- the damage
E) No matter to their breeding and wintering ranges.
A) due to
B) in addition to
C) when
D) despite
E) since
286
266- The United States was represented at the 272- One of Ireland's finest writers, William Butler
Geneva Conference in 1864, but it did not Yeats served a long apprenticeship in the
sign the Red Cross Convention ---- 18 years arts ---- his genius was fully developed.
later.
A) unless
A) while B) before
B) during C) just as
C) after D) since
D) by the time E) by the time
E) until
273- Her friends, aware that she would suffer
267- She was always ready to help others ---- from her abrupt manner, told her to behave
busy she herself was. more reasonably in the office; ----, she
ignored them all and was soon fired.
A) though
B) however A) in order that
C) rather B) nevertheless
D) when C) on the other hand
E) while D) as a result
E) otherwise
268- El Greco, who was born in Greece, is
considered a Spanish painter ---- he did his 274- During the 1960s and 1970s, Brazil managed
greatest work in Toledo, Spain. to slow down its high population increase;
----, it also raised its people's standard of
A) because living.
B) when
C) while A) Besides
D) therefore B) Until
E) so that C) By the time
D) Unless
269- Mediterranean people are particularly fond of E) Even though
sidewalk cafes, where a cup of coffee, a
glass of wine or a meal can be enjoyed with 275- ---- providing an extremely high standard of
friends ---- the "world" passes by. education, the school offers a number of
non-academic subjects, ranging from sport
A) as to drama.
B) though
C) just A) Furthermore
D) so B) On such occasions
E) during C) For the purpose that
D) In addition to
270- The Strait of Gibraltar provides the only E) Despite
natural connection between the
Mediterranean Sea and the oceans of the 276- ---- organic polymers, which may occur
world; ----, it is one of the most-used sea- naturally, silicones can only be produced
lanes in history. synthetically.
A) however A) Unlike
B) no matter B) Likewise
C) because C) Just as
D) therefore D) More than
E) even though E) Not only
271- ---- viewing literature and technology as 277- Rabies, a disease that can pass to humans
opposing forces, the poet claimed that who have been bitten by infected dogs, is
"poetry is part of our shared, communal life, almost always fatal ---- the virus gets to the
as surely as is the Internet." brain.
A) As soon as A) however
B) Since B) by the time
C) The reason for C) as though
D) In order to D) when
E) Rather than E) even if
287
278- ---- their keen sense of smell, dogs are used 284- ---- I locked the door, I noticed that I'd left
by law enforcement agencies to uncover my umbrella inside.
illegal drugs.
A) Much as
A) While B) As though
B) Since C) So long as
C) Besides D) Whereas
D) Whereas E) Just as
E) Because of
285- I won't be able to buy a new dress for my
279- ---- the introduction of mass-production sister's wedding ---- I get paid by the 15th.
technology, clothes were normally produced
by individual tailors. A) while
B) the sooner
A) Unless C) however
B) When D) by the time
C) As soon as E) unless
D) Until
E) By the time 286- ---- political unrest caused by the
disharmonious coalition ---- the economic
280- ---- he was famous enough to make a living crisis plagued the country throughout the
from his books, the author was over forty. previous year.
A) Besides A) While/as well

B) Until B) Not only/but also
C) By the time C) Whether/or
D) Unless D) No sooner/than
E) Even though E) Just as/when
281- The Mediterranean, ---- the base of many 287- Rail traffic has declined in France, ---- it has
tradional fishing economies, is a poor in nearly every country, but it is still
fishery compared with the Atlantic. important there.
A) owing to A) or
B) though B) for
C) nor C) like
D) not only D) nor
E) as well E) as
282- ---- had the race started ---- one of the 288- ---- how hard you practise the piano, if you
athletes stumbled and fell down, injuring lack talent, you will never be perfect.
himself badly.
A) In spite of
A) The moment/as B) Although
B) Not only/but also C) In case
C) Whether/or D) Since
D) Hardly/when E) No matter
E) Both/and
289- The author produced some of his greatest
283- Throughout the winter, I had planned what to works only ---- he was 50 years old.
do ---- summer had arrived, but nothing went
as planned. A) in case
B) after
A) once C) while
B) while D) by the time
C) so that E) since
D) unless
E) though 290- ---- highways that link major cities, the road
system is underdeveloped in the country.
A) Whereas
B) More than
C) Other than
D) The sooner
E) Even though
288
291- The German author Goethe's personality is 297- ---- some scientists doubt that genetic
revealed everywhere in his writings, and engineering will ever be practical, ---- it
many readers have found Goethe himself to became so, the ability to alter mistaken
be even ---- fascinating ---- the characters he genes in unborn children would open a
created in his stories and poems. remarkable medical frontier.
A) more/than A) Despite/when
B) so/as B) Even if/until
C) both/and C) Not only/but also
D) either/or D) Although/if
E) hardly/when E) No sooner/than
292- ---- Jeff said to Jenny, it must have been 298- Most major roads are built higher in the
something funny as she couldn't help middle than at the edges, and this allows
laughing in the middle of the lesson. water to run off the roads ---- it does not
accumulate into large puddles and wash
A) Every time away the pavement surface.
B) Just as
C) No matter A) as much as
D) Whatever B) so that
E) Not only C) in case
D) until
293- ---- having made a poor start, my son has E) while
recently improved his academic records in
his second year at university. 299- The birds sanderlings have only three toes
on each foot―they have no hind toe. ----,
A) Rather than they have no difficulty balancing on one leg
B) Before for long periods of time.
C) In spite of
D) When A) Moreover
E) In addition to B) Otherwise
C) In addition to
294- Her house is just ten minutes’ walk from the D) Nevertheless
train station; ----, we don't really need to hire E) Whereas
a taxi.
300- The American sculpture David Smith's
A) therefore welded metal sculpture, inspired by the work
B) nonetheless of Julio Gonzalez, was also shaped by his
C) otherwise experience ---- a welder in a factory during
D) wherever World War II.
E) just in case
A) since
295- Antelopes have moderately developed B) like
brains and acute senses of smell and C) such
hearing. These, ---- their unusual speed, help D) so
them detect any danger quickly and leap to E) as
safety.
301- ---- lakes, ponds and marshes, some
A) whereas mosquitoes also lay their eggs in small
B) likewise holes where water has collected temporarily.
C) in addition to
D) no matter A) Unless
E) furthermore B) Besides
C) Furthermore
296- Johann Winckelmann is regarded as the D) In spite of
father of modern archaeology ---- his careful E) Wherever
studies of the excavations of Pompeii and
Herculaneum in Italy.
A) while
B) despite
C) thanks to
D) whenever
E) since
289
302- During the early days of ancient Greece, 308- Michelangelo's achievements as a painter in
pirates in the Aegean and the Mediterranean the Sistine Chapel and as an architect for St.
seas became ---- powerful ---- they set up a Peter's Church in Rome were enough to give
pirate nation in Cilicia, now part of Turkey. him world-wide fame, ---- he preferred to sign
himself "Michelangelo, Sculptor".
A) so/that
B) more/than A) or else
C) both/and B) so
D) neither/or C) since
E) hardly/as D) yet
E) as
303- ---- Pompey the Great sent a fleet of 270
ships against them were the bandits driven 309- In the distant past ---- any sciences existed,
from the Mediterranean. the beginnings of the world and of society
were explained by mythology.
A) Only when
B) Rather than A) during
C) If only B) before
D) Even if C) by the time
E) Not only D) since
E) as if
304- ---- television and the national editions of
newspapers, issues that concerned the 310- Myths did not originate in written form. ----,
general public tended to remain localised. they developed slowly as an oral tradition
that was handed down from generation to
A) While generation.
B) Prior to
C) Since A) Other than
D) During B) Instead
E) Similar to C) Whereas
D) Besides
305- After years spent toiling in low-budget E) Likewise
productions, Jack Nicholson established
himself as a serious actor in ---- dramas ---- 311- ---- Russia has access to three of the
"Easy Rider', 'Five Easy Pieces' and 'One world's oceans―the Atlantic, Arctic and
Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest'. Pacific―fishing is a major contributor to the
economy.
A) both/and
B) whether/or A) Since
C) much as/that B) Although
D) either/or C) Whereas
E) such/as D) Even if
E) Owing to
306- From the 1970s, the Portuguese economy
has been in a constant state of crisis, largely 312- ---- an injury forced Tom Cruise to give up
---- domestic shortcomings. wrestling during his senior year in high
school, he tried out for a school musical,
A) rather than and his new-found love of acting soon
B) instead of turned into a full-time pursuit.
C) due to
D) other than A) Lest
E) otherwise B) During
C) The sooner
307- She is going to pay for the tickets this time, D) As long as
---- Sandra paid for them both the last time E) When
they went to the cinema together.
313- In a four-year span, Emma Thompson ----
A) nor won the Academy award for best actress, ----
B) so wrote a screenplay that won the Academy
C) for award for best adapted screenplay.
D) thus
E) but also A) whether/or
B) just as/then
C) such/as
E) the moment/when
290
314- Initially, she ventured into stand-up comedy. 320- ---- the nature of their father's work, the
----, her career as a comic did not extend family travelled extensively.
beyond her appearing on several short-lived
television productions. A) In addition to
B) Just as
A) Likewise C) Because of
B) While D) While
C) Otherwise E) Other than
D) Therefore
E) However 321- ---- still at school, he formed a small band
with his friends and played at a nearby pub
315- ---- she had previously appeared in at the weekends.
numerous stage and screen productions, it
was her role in the film 'Fargo' that brought A) After
Frances McDormand popular notice. B) While
C) Until
A) When D) Before
B) Although E) During
C) So long as
D) Since 322- They were married soon after they met each
E) As though other, beginning a stormy marital life that,
despite its difficulties, would last ---- their
316- Meningitis may develop in patients with deaths.
mumps and other viral infections. ----,
tuberculosis and infection by certain fungi or A) during
yeasts can produce chronic forms of the B) when
disease. C) since
D) by
A) In case E) until
B) However
C) Likewise 323- Stay away from that unruly boy ---- you want
D) In contrast to get into trouble.
E) In order that
A) however
317- ---- she had saved enough money, she B) when
bought her first movie camera to film nature. C) while
D) unless
A) By the time E) just as
B) Prior to
C) If only 324- I had warned him to stay away from that
D) Once unruly boy; ----, he continued to make
E) So that friends with him and ended up with being
dismissed from school.
318- ---- he got older, his illnesses began to
subside, and he gradually became a strong A) as a result
swimmer. B) moreover
C) nevertheless
A) Until D) even though
B) Owing to E) otherwise
C) Besides
D) As 325- She used to want the person she'd marry to
E) Such as have ---- money ---- power, but in the end,
she fell in love with a penniless drummer.
319- ---- how carefully surgery is performed, the
patient suffers some surgical trauma. A) neither/nor
B) hardly/when
A) No matter C) whether/or
B) Hoever D) not only/just
C) Every time E) both/and
D) Even though
E) Whereas
291
326- A group from the crowd kept interrupting the 332- Though historical novels do give information
candidate by chanting slogans ---- he was about locations, they are focused on events,
speaking. ---- a novel of place often contains a great
deal of history, but its purpose is to
A) before enlighten the reader about the place.
B) while
C) unless A) thus
D) despite B) even
E) until C) in spite of
D) whereas
327- My mother claims that ---- she drinks coffee, E) so much
she cannot sleep well.
333- ---- of his death, Bill Bixby was directing the
A) however television comedy series “Blossom”.
B) every time
C) moreover A) The moment
D) by the time B) As soon as
E) at the time C) Instead
D) At the time
328- ---- was the ex-president back in his E) In spite
homeland ---- he was arrested again.
334- Having battled drug and alcohol dependence
A) No sooner/than for many years himself, ---- undergoing
B) Whether/or treatment, he became a licensed drug
C) As long as/so rehabilitation counsellor.
D) The sooner/the more
E) During/when A) until
B) after
329- ---- Jane Austen was 21, she had already C) even if
written novels that are among the finest in D) since
English literature today. E) before
A) After 335- She believed that performers were in a

B) By the time position of power because people often
C) Since related to them and their characters. ----, she
D) While refused roles that did not meet her
E) Until standards.
330- All of Jane Austen's novels are love stories. A) As a result

However, ---- Jane ---- her sister, Cassandra, B) Still
ever married. C) Much as
D) On the contrary
A) both/and E) Nevertheless
B) not only/but also
C) neither/nor 336- Born and educated in the US, T.S. Eliot later
D) whether/or became a British subject. ----, the sights and
E) either/or memories of his earlier years make up the
substance of his best poetry, with a few
331- ---- the historical novel in many ways, a exceptions.
novel of place has as its theme a specific
geographical location. A) In asmuch as
B) No matter
A) Similar to C) Whatever
B) Rather than D) Consequently
C) Likewise E) Nonetheless
D) On account of
E) In case of 337- It has been said that to be Chinese is to be
Confucian ---- what the temporary political or
religious fashion may be.
A) no sooner
B) otherwise
C) regardless of
D) whenever
E) whomever
292
338- The progress he has made ---- he set up his 344- Today Edgar Allan Poe is regarded as one of
own business a year ago is remarkable, isn't America's greatest writers, but ---- his own
it? unhappy lifetime, he knew little but failure.
A) when A) as if
B) as B) when
C) after C) in case of
D) as soon as D) while
E) since E) during
339- Despite her hopes, the team didn't find 345- I couldn't have produced any better work ----
Sandra's proposal practical; ----, they were I had tried harder since the project was not
all against it on the grounds that it was too my sole responsibility.
Utopian.
A) no matter
A) on the other hand B) in case
B) inasmuch as C) as long as
C) as a consequence D) even if
D) on the contrary E) by the time
E) in contrast to
346- The police were sure that the fire was started
340- ---- precautions ---- taking plenty of vitamins deliberately; ----, they knew who actually set
and doing regular exercise would make you the building on fire.
more resistant against diseases.
A) however
A) Both/and B) therefore
B) Such/as C) otherwise
C) Whether/or D) moreover
D) Hardly/when E) no matter
E) Rather/than
347- Janine was not surprised to hear my story
341- ---- her husband's constant cruelty, she felt involving the lorry crashing, ---- she had
she would have to continue her marriage for seen it with her own eyes.
the sake of her children.
A) yet
A) Owing to B) for
B) Since C) thus
C) Instead of D) due to
D) Just as E) so that
E) Despite
348- We really should get all the food for our
342- It doesn't matter ---- we go to a traditional dinner party Friday night, ---- we'll have to
Turkish restaurant ---- try the new Chinese get up early on Saturday to go shopping.
restaurant. I just want to eat out for a
change. A) or
B) and
A) either/or C) unless
B) neither/nor D) even if
C) whether/or E) as long as
E) no sooner/than 349- The food was horrible and the service was
slow, ----, we won't be going back to that
343- Everybody was asleep, so when her friend restaurant again.
phoned her, she spoke quietly ---- disturb the
others. A) because
B) therefore
A) in order not to C) furthermore
B) without much D) nonetheless
C) in contrast to E) on the contrary
D) nevertheless
E) on account of
293
350- It looks ---- we may have to cancel the 356- ---- of medical research, old people will
meeting today; which is why I suggest that continue to live healthier lives, and behave
we meet on Friday ---- . ---- they were younger.
A) as if/instead A) Other than/just as

B) as though/too B) Rather than/unlike
C) so that/therefore C) In addition/as though
D) such as/afterwards D) As a result/even though
E) unlike/to the contrary E) As a consequence/as if
351- I think the twins will be too young to 357- Your English is quite good; ---- of fact, you're
understand the play; ----, they don't allow the best student in my class.
children in the theatre.
A) in spite
A) in addition to B) on account
B) nevertheless C) as a matter
C) on the contrary D) just as soon
D) besides E) in other words
E) on the one hand
358- I spent the morning reading ---- riding on the
352- The scientist got a brilliant idea as he was ferry, and ---- a result, I have a headache.
reading a recently-published article; ----, he
cloned some animals in order to do A) whilst/as
biological research. B) in case/so
C) during/such
A) even after D) other than/very
B) just because E) even though/quite
C) afterwards
D) would sooner 359- ---- reading science magazines, I also enjoy
E) for the purpose that reading books.
353- Mr. Rickman has nothing to wear ---- suits, A) Too well
and they are all the same colour and style, B) So well as
---- he never has to decide what he's going to C) As well as
wear any particular day. D) Such a well
E) Well enough
A) yet/for
B) but/so 360- This class isn't going to help you very much,
C) and/thus but you might ---- take it, and ----, you'll need
D) such/that the credits to graduate.
E) in case/if
A) ever/in spite
354- ---- being a useful medicine, the hemp plant B) also/however
can also provide strong natural fibres. C) still/nonetheless
D) even/on account
A) Otherwise E) as well/at any rate
B) In addition
C) Apart from 361- This class isn't going to help you very much,
D) Except that but you might ---- take it, and ----, you'll need
E) Even though the credits to graduate.
355- ---- to say he missed me, my dog Rover A) ever/in spite

jumped into my lap and licked my hand. B) also/however
C) still/nonetheless
A) Even if D) even/on account
B) Just like E) as well/at any rate
C) Because
D) As if 362- At the moment, they are keeping the dog in
E) In order that the backyard ---- she's allergic to dogs.
A) since
B) in case
C) though
D) ever since
E) therefore
294
363- We usually don't open the door to people 369- Barbara has a very positive outlook on life
who don't identify themselves ---- security ---- the fact that she has just started earning
reasons. money.
A) as A) due to
B) for B) unless
C) since C) though
D) because D) despite
E) much as E) because
364- Can you make an extra big pot of spaghetti, 370- ---- Sally started working at the library, she
because ---- Kader ---- Medine is coming seems to have grown more intelligent and
over? less callow.
A) both/and A) Unless
B) either/or B) Since then
C) neither/nor C) As long as
D) no sooner/than D) Ever since
E) not only/but also E) Nonetheless
365- Feride knew her disabled daughter could 371- I was completely prepared for my ski trip to
dress herself, ---- she helped her put her Vermont ---- I didn't have a decent jacket.
socks on ---- .
A) as long as
A) but/anyway B) as a matter
B) though/also C) except that
C) hardly/when D) on account of
D) just as/so too E) regardless of
E) while/any more
372- The expansion of the universe is expected to
366- There are a couple of errands I need you to slow down ---- it approaches a critical radius.
do ---- I'm away.
A) whereas
A) so that B) as
B) just like C) in contrast to
C) in case D) in spite of
D) while E) whatever
E) even though
373- The swallow, a nice bird, couldn’t soar into
367- My headache, ---- the fact that I was the sky ---- the fact that it had broken its
exhausted, prevented me from dancing well wing.
last night.
A) on account of
A) in spite of B) since
B) as soon as C) inasmuch as
C) with a view D) much as
D) on behalf of E) despite
E) coupled with
374- When Beatrice found out that the train was
368- Roger acted as though he were superior ---- going to be delayed, ---- wasting any more
the fact that he had great difficulty writing time, she jumped into a taxi cab.
properly in English.
A) instead
A) in that B) in case of
B) due to C) other than
C) though D) rather than
D) despite E) so much that
E) because
295
375- ---- whom you decide you want to go to the 381- Harry's falling down the flight of steps ---- a
match with, make sure you've bought your back injury and weeks of pain.
ticket well in advance.
A) now that
A) However B) in spite of
B) No matter C) resulted in
C) Whichever D) because of
D) As soon as E) emerged from
E) Just before
382- The differences between you and me ----
376- ---- concrete premises are increasingly being brought up in different countries.
beginning to crumble and crack, the oldest
known solid clay house, dating from the 18th A) in case of
century, has still dwellers in it. B) give rise to
C) stem from
A) Whereas D) on account of
B) Inasmuch as E) regardless of
C) In contrast
D) Although 383- ---- you call him right now, the boss will
E) From now on think you are irresponsible and will refuse to
pay your wages.
377- ---- dogs ---- cats are capable of being very
affectionate animals. A) lf only
B) Unless
A) Either/nor C) Only if
B) Neither/or D) As well as
C) Scarcely/when E) Provided that
D) No sooner/than
E) Not just/but also 384- ---- you are really interested in studying
computers, be aware ---- there are lots of
378- I'm not ready to take on the responsibility of different branches of computer science.
having a wife; ----, I can't marry you.
A) lf/that
A) in that B) So/that
B) or else C) Due to/why
C) however D) Whether/if
D) therefore E) Unless/as if
E) in addition
385- Deana was expelled from medical school ----
379- ---- we are at university, the work is going to not studying hard enough.
be harder than ---- .
A) in case
A) Despite/only B) despite
B) Unless/even C) because
C) Now that/ever D) thanks to
D) Because/never E) therefore
E) Due to/the same
386- Sefa ---- takes any classes in computer
380- A piece of iron, ---- viewed under an science but is ---- interested in starting his
electronic microscope, can be seen to be own computer business.
made up of many magnetic areas called
domains. A) no more/also
B) any more/yet
A) after C) no longer/still
B) as soon as D) any longer/just
C) during E) furthermore/already
D) when
E) unless 387- Problems at work, ---- disagreements and
work related injuries, need to be taken to the
personnel office.
A) unlike
B) just as
C) as such
D) despite
E) such as
296
388- Raw data refers to unusable information ---- 395- I really admire Freddie's amazing will-power,
processed data, which has value. because he ---- smokes ---- drinks.
A) now that A) such/as

B) therefore B) either/or
C) in contrast to C) neither/nor
D) in preference to D) not onIy/but also
E) in comparison with E) not because/but because
389- Plasma televisions, ---- CRT televisions, take 396- ---- a member of the book club, Doug had
up far less space. more time to dedicate to writing his novel.
A) in view of A) Due to
B) on behalf of B) Such as
C) in contrast with C) No longer
D) as a result of D) Because of
E) in consideration of E) As a result of
390- Before the 1920s, computers were human 397- ---- hard I try not to, I keep making the same
clerks that performed calculations for people spelling mistakes over and over again when
---- physicists and large businesses. writing an essay.
A) like A) Although
B) as such B) However
C) whatever C) Therefore
D) whomever D) Even when
E) even before E) What is more
391- ---- her father's orders, Fiona went to the 398- Cutting edge technology is ---- interesting to
dance club and didn't get home until twelve. me than studying the history of computer
technology.
A) Owing to
B) As opposed A) as much
C) Furthermore B) no longer
D) In defiance of C) because
E) With respect to D) no more
E) regardless of
392- ---- your position in the sky, the rate of
acceleration due to gravity is always the 399- There's a lot to be done, but ----, I'm working
same. at a slow, leisurely pace.
A) In spite A) not only

B) With a view to B) therefore
C) On account of C) nonetheless
D) Irrespective of D) even though
E) No matter where E) on the contrary
393- I look just like my younger brother Joshua, 400- ---- the increase in fruit prices, banana sales
but ---- personality, I'm more ---- Herman, my have increased ten-fold this winter.
older brother.
A) Even so
A) despite/or less B) As Iong as
B) in terms of/like C) Nevertheless
C) unlike/and more D) Apart from this
D) in case/ the more E) Notwithstanding
E) with respect to/than
401- The photographer refused to take pictures at
394- White chocolate, ---- like black chocolate, is the wedding ---- that it was raining too hard.
high in cholesterol and sugar.
A) the fact
A) as B) in spite of
B) but C) because of
C) that D) on the grounds
D) and E) as a matter of fact
E) much
297
402- ---- should we pay extra money for food that 408- Georgia said she had to go home right then;
we could eat at home. ----, she would be forced to stay at Ali's
home.
A) Hardly
B) Not only A) whereas
C) No sooner B) otherwise
D) Even though C) in respect of
E) On no account D) in contrast with
E) on the other hand
403- ---- you have a couple of hours free should
we go to the cinema. 409- ---- its inferior quality, onyx is a very
common substitute to marble.
A) Only if
B) Hence A) In addition to
C) Even if B) As a result of
D) Though C) Regardless of
E) Now that D) On grounds of
E) In comparison with
404- ---- living alone, Wilson also works as a
security guard, which means he sometimes 410- Under no circumstances is anyone to go into
goes for days without talking to anyone. my study room ---- they ask first.
A) Moreover A) unless
B) Besides B) even if
C) In addition C) likewise
D) Furthermore D) asthough
E) On top of that E) even before
405- Scientists seek ---- to know what the facts 411- Hine's emerald dragonfly, an endangered
are, ---- to explain them, and to this end they species, has been saved from extinction
devise theories. thanks to ---- its natural habitat had been
preserved.
A) not merely / but
B) hence / in short A) therefore
C) in order / so as B) the fact that
D) whereas / although C) nonetheless
E) whatever / in contrast D) whether or not
E) on the one hand
406- People shouldn't spend their savings on
cameras and other electronic gadgets ---- 412- ---- carefully Donna placed the parking ticket
they haven't got enough for food and in her wallet, she managed to lose it anyway.
clothing.
A) Although
A) as if B) However
B) when C) No matter
C) even if D) In spite of
D) during E) Whosoever
E) unless
413- Though Robert's travel plans had changed,
407- Don't start crying; ----, I will cry too, because he still renewed his passport ---- he might
I'm very sensitive. not have trouble in the future.
A) just as A) hence
B) or else B) before
C) even so C) in case
D) therefore D) so that
E) however E) even so
298
414- In a Europe of knowledge, we cannot accept 421- You might use "be going to do" to talk about
situations where some people have access future plans ---- to make a prediction.
to knowledge ---- others are excluded.
A) or
A) if B) yet
B) while C) and
C) on the one hand D) either
D) unless E) once
E) contrary to
422- ---- of keeping the floor clean, Frieda made
415- I'll give you the video cassette ---- I've everyone wear plastic bags on their feet.
finished watching my program.
A) In spite
A) until B) In order
B) during C) ln an attempt
C) once D) Without regard
D) even when E) For the purpose
E) while
423- ---- do we see people walking around for the
416- Just ---- my son, who likes to look neat, irons sole purpose of getting exercise.
his shirt, we'll be ready to leave.
A) Only if
A) if B) If only
B) as C) Much as
C) while D) No sooner
D) by the time E) Hardly ever
E) as soon as
424- ---- diligently you study, you'll still see that
417- The house was painted white and red ---- it certain concepts take more than two nights
was painted green. of cramming.
A) until A) Even so
B) unlike B) As a result
C) if only C) However
D) before D) ln addition
E) therefore E) Even though
418- ---- next week, she will have been 425- ---- my house-mates should turn against me,
sightseeing in Italy and Germany. I took the precaution of respecting the house
rules.
A) By
B) While A) If
C) When B) Lest
D) Not until C) So that
E) Though D) As soon as
E) Even after
419- Unless I decide to buy a pair of boots ----, I'm
going with ---- the green or the purple Nike's. 426- Gale put all the food and drink on the living
room table; ----, everyone took their plate
A) but/whether and went to the kitchen.
B) and/not only
C) instead/either A) thanks to
D) afterwards/too B) much as
E) otherwise/also C) as a result
D) nevertheless
420- ---- all the food would go to waste, Mrs. E) no matter how
Smith gave it all to the local Salvation Army.
A) In case
B) For fear that
C) In order that
D) Not because
E) Even though
299
427- Introspective reports are used as sources of 433- I'd like to say that ---- DNA micro-injection is
information about other minds ---- in the best process used for animal cloning,
everyday life ---- in science. there are new emerging methods.
A) either / nor A) lest

B) neither / or B) although
C) not only / but also C) owing to
D) both / but D) because
E) so much / as E) just before
428- You'll have to practice making sentences 434- My final grade won't count very much ---- I
with these new words, ---- just memorizing got a hundred on my mid-term exam.
their meaning in Turkish.
A) since
A) likewise B) in case
B) other than C) due to
C) as long as D) as though
D) rather than E) in defiance of
E) in addition to
435- ---- get out of the house as quickly as
429- Some teachers like to drill their students, ---- possible, Howard laid his clothes out the
others take every opportunity to present new night before.
dance steps to keep the students from
getting bored. A) Because
B) Much as
A) in case C) In order to
B) so that D) As a result of
C) whereas E) With the object
D) although
E) because 436- We're going to use fake plants ---- real plants
on the ground floor.
430- ---- I didn't have to go to my cousin's house
tonight, I could spend some quality time with A) in addition
my wife. B) thanks to
C) in place of
A) Only if D) in order that
B) If only E) as a consequence
C) Unlike
D) Unless 437- Just now three children wanted to buy
E) Whereas tickets to this R-rated film, ---- I turned them
down.
431- ---- the drums and bass guitar, Gary can
also play the keyboards. A) if
B) for
A) For fear of C) and
B) In order to D) during
C) Furthermore E) by the time
D) In addition to
E) As a consequence 438- Ray doesn't look around carefully when he is
walking in the street; ----, the lady driving the
432- ---- to avoid the gunfire, King Kong climbed car must have been going too fast to see
to the top of the empire state building. Ray.
A) In addition A) likewise
B) Due B) therefore
C) As opposed C) however
D) With respect D) as though
E) In an attempt E) even though
300
439- ---- I had nothing to wear, ---- I was in such a 445- The topic of abortion is a very delicate one,
rush did I dress so carelessly. ---- we should approach it carefully.
A) Both/and A) or
B) Whether/or B) as
C) Though/as C) like
D) Not only/but also D) but
E) Not because/but because E) hence
440- Terence had a degree in computer science, 446- ---- other cartoons, South Park is an
---- he was ---- not qualified enough for them animated series intended for adults.
to hire him.
A) Unlike
A) but/still B) Likewise
B) and/thus C) Whereas
C) since/ever D) Thanks to
D) though/also E) In contrast
E) for/nonetheless
447- Phil left home late on the day of his exam;
441- I like you ---- because you are a pleasure to ----, he got stuck in the traffic and didn't
be with, ---- because I enjoy the same films arrive until the exam was over.
you do as well.
A) otherwise
A) though/so B) although
B) not just/but C) whereas
C) such as/like D) no matter
D) in addition/and E) moreover
E) so that/much as
448- You should always keep a well-stocked first
442- ---- the inappropriate level of the math aid kit in the house ---- minor accidents.
questions for him, Mr. Terry decided to
transfer Robert to an easier class. A) even if
B) by the time
A) In spite of C) no matter
B) The fact that D) in case of
C) Regardless of E) as long as
D) On account of
E) For the purpose 449- No one will be allowed to leave the room ----
the exam is in progress.
443- Graham wrote several stories for his son ----
encourage him read. A) such as
B) while
A) so that C) during
B) in order D) as though
C) so as to E) owing to
D) because
E) as such 450- Theatre audiences should turn off their
mobile phones ---- distract the actors should
444- When Kyle's medical condition begins to they ring during the play.
decline, would you be so generous ---- drive
him to the doctor? A) in order not to
B) nevertheless
A) as to C) on account of
B) unlike D) in contrast to
C) so that E) however much
D) such as
E) whereas 451- ---- should anyone use this machine without
the supervision of someone from the
technical department.
A) On account of
B) Never before
C) On no account
D) On the contrary
E) No sooner
301
452- ---- the time change, it will now be getting 458- Photography was invented in the mid- 19th
dark an hour earlier. century; ----, painting life-like pictures
became less in demand.
A) Despite
B) When A) as a result
C) Just as B) nevertheless
D) Instead of C) much as
E) Owing to D) on the contrary
E) still
453- ---- injecting insulin, it is now possible to
treat some forms of diabetes with a 459- Tony Blair has aged considerably ----
combination of diet and exercise. becoming prime minister in 1997.
A) Whereas A) when
B) Rather than B) until
C) On the one hand C) while
D) No matter D) since
E) No sooner E) during
454- Disappointingly, Jeff’s novel did not become 460- ---- of his marriage, he was still a poor
a best-seller as he had hoped; ----, it was student with no prospects.
rejected by every publisher he sent it to.
A) Otherwise
A) in contrast to B) As soon as
B) on the contrary C) No sooner
C) as long as D) Instead
D) regardless of E) At the time
E) as a consequence
461- Some authors hope to enlighten or instruct
455- Birds have been kept as pets by royalty for their readers, ---- others only want to
thousands of years. ----, only fairly recently entertain.
have so many birds been available to the
public. A) so much
B) even
A) However C) thus
B) Moreover D) in spite of
C) Therefore E) whereas
D) On the contrary
E) Even though 462- Insects and diseases, ---- not so obvious as
fire, destroy far more trees each year than
456- ---- Marie got married, she knew she had are lost to fire and other natural disasters.
made a mistake.
A) though
A) No sooner B) in spite of
B) As long as C) whether
C) In spite of D) unlike
D) As soon as E) however
E) Regardless
463- ---- Jane Austen ---- Emily Bronte ever got
457- No whale has ever been known to attack a married, although they both wrote well-
human except in defence; ----, stories have known love stories.
come down since the Biblical Jonah of men
being swallowed by whales. A) Either/or
B) Whether/or
A) consequently C) Neither/nor
B) whatever D) Both/and
C) nonetheless E) Not only/but also
D) inasmuch as
E) instead
302
464- ---- the empire divided and declined, the 470- We had better get some more rain this
Mongol people returned to their homelands winter; ----, there will be a water shortage
on the steppe and lived among various next summer.
mutually hostile tribes.
A) moreover
A) As B) otherwise
B) As a matter of fact C) even though
C) Without regard to D) nevertheless
D) By the time E) as a result
E) Until
471- You shouldn't try to make a living as an
465- ---- was the first book in the Harry Potter artist ---- you have both talent and good
series published ---- it topped the best-seller connections.
list.
A) unless
A) During/when B) however
B) No sooner/than C) in spite of
C) Whether/or D) just as
D) As long as/so E) such as
E) The sooner/the more
472- Extinguishers should be inspected and
466- ---- we got to the concert hall, all the good recharged regularly ---- they can be used
seats had been sold. safely in case of emergency.
A) By the time A) so that

B) While B) in case
C) Since C) even when
D) During D) unless
E) Unless E) in that
467- I didn't recognize Lisa yesterday with her 473- The film was so funny that we all laughed ----
new hairstyle. It seems that ---- I see her, we had tears running down our faces.
she's changed it.
A) such as
A) the moment B) since
B) by the time C) during
C) moreover D) until
D) every time E) otherwise
E) however
474- ---- at university, he impressed everyone as
468- There was an attempted coup ---- the a future political leader.
president was out of the country.
A) During
A) hardly B) Before
B) unless C) After
C) whereas D) Until
D) despite E) While
E) while
475- ---- the family moved so many times, the
469- Molly's parents were upset when she children were never able to settle in at
announced that she wanted to marry a school.
young man who had ---- a job ---- any
prospects of one. A) Other than
B) In addition to
A) not only/but also C) Because
B) whether/or D) Whereas
C) neither/nor E) Despite
D) hardly/when
E) no sooner/than
303
476- ---- how confident you are, it is almost 482- ---- cause panic, they didn’t tell anyone
impossible not to be a little nervous before anything until the danger was over.
an important exam.
A) With aim of
A) No matter B) So as not to
B) Even though C) In order to
C) Every time D) In relation to
D) Whereas E) In this respect
E) Not only
483- As Japan has a large population, ---- little
477- Malnutrition is still an important problem in level land, its cities are extremely crowded.
much of Africa, ---- industrialized nations,
where obesity is a problem. A) but
B) so
A) in contrast to C) thus
B) however D) due to
C) in order that E) or
D) likewise
E) in case 484- ---- was her hatred for her father that she did
not forgive him until after he had died.
478- ---- he wrote a number of other novels, it is
for Lord of the Flies that William Golding is A) Not only
principally remembered. B) So
C) However
A) As though D) Such
B) Although E) Much as
C) As long as
D) Yet 485- ---- she read through her father's diary did
E) Despite she realize that it was her mother, and not
her father, who was at fault.
479- Nowadays many people are completely
dependent on their mobile phones; ----, A) Instead
twenty years ago they did not even exist. B) Other than
C) So long as
A) therefore D) As soon as
B) such as E) Only when
C) otherwise
D) likewise 486- The United States has the world's largest
E) however economy, ---- most economists predict that it
will be overtaken by China within the next
480- About every 18 months, some part of our century.
world experiences a solar eclipse, an event
that awes ---- astronomers ---- ordinary A) for
people as well. B) yet
C) so
A) both/also D) or
B) such/as E) since
C) not only/but
D) just as/then 487- Deborah wants to be a career woman; she
E) whether/or does not want to be a housewife, ---- does
she want to be a mother.
481- I've been so busy that I haven't had a chance
to eat all day, so ---- we eat, ---- I will be. A) either
B) so
A) as soon/as happy C) nor
B) whether/so happy D) or
C) during/the happiest E) and
D) the sooner/the happier
E) just as/too happy
304
488- ---- we don’t have enough work already, we 494- ---- malaria, mosquitoes also spread a
are constantly being plagued by disease called dengue fever.
unnecessary phone calls.
A) Besides
A) Even though B) Wherever
B) As though C) Such as
C) As soon as D) Furthermore
D) Unless E) Unless
E) Because
495- ---- surprised was everybody at the news that
489- Developing countries should try to find their none of them was able to speak for a while.
own solutions to their problems ----
depending on foreign loans, which can lead A) Only
to long-term debt. B) So
C) Just
A) rather than D) Such
B) due to E) Since
C) in case of
D) even so 496- ---- gills, lungfish also have lungs, enabling
E) otherwise them to live both in and out of water.
490- With ---- novels ---- Brighton Rock, The A) Whereas

Power and the Glory and The Quiet B) Nevertheless
American, Graham Greene established C) Otherwise
himself as one of the major figures of 20th- D) In addition to
century English literature. E) Moreover
A) either/or 497- ---- Britain had the best railway system in

B) whether/or 19th-century Europe, today it has one of the
C) much as/that worst.
D) such/as
E) both/and A) Until
B) During
491- ---- the spread of e-mail, it was much harder C) Other than
for people in different parts of the world to D) Besides
keep in touch. E) Whereas
A) While 498- Some large companies have "dress-down"

B) Prior to days for their employees ---- they can wear
C) When more casual clothes and relax a bit more
D) Similar to while working.
E) Since
A) as much as
492- ---- it changed back to its ancient name, Sri B) until
Lanka was known as Ceylon. C) so that
D) in case
A) As if E) unless
B) Before
C) During 499- ---- all the planning ---- the invasion began,
D) Such as things started to go wrong.
E) By the time
A) Due to/as long as
493- ---- returning to Turkey to try and sort out B) Whereas/no sooner
the economic crisis of the time, Kemal C) Even though/just so
Derviş ---- for the World Bank. D) In spite of/as soon as
E) However/as much as
A) Prior to/has worked
B) By the time/worked 500- People are able to live longer today ---- a
C) Since/was working combination of preventive medicine, better
D) So that/was going to work nutrition and improved surgical techniques.
E) Before/had been working
A) thanks to
B) whenever
C) while
D) despite
E) since
305
REDUCTION IN ADVERBIAL CLAUSES
1- ---- the sun set, John sat on the beach for a 7- According to Greek legend, ---- safely out of
couple of hours longer and then walked back danger from Crete, Theseus forgot to raise a
home in the dark. white sail as a sign to his father that he ----
still alive, and so his father killed himself in
A) To be watching grief.
B) Having watched
C) To have watched A) having returned/had been
D) To be watched B) to have returned/would be
E) Watched C) to return/has been
D) returned/would have been
2- Before ---- a professional photographer, he E) returning/was
---- as an assistant for two years with an
accomplished master. 8- ---- to the roof properly, the satellite dish ----
off in the recent storm.
A) having become/has worked
B) to become/was working A) Not attaching/has been blown
C) becoming/worked B) Not to be attached/would blow
D) became/had worked C) Not having been attached/was blown
E) become/will have worked D) Not attached/had blown
E) Not having attached/was blowing
3- ---- neutral in the First World War for two
years, Romania ---- the allies in 1916. 9- ---- by the Vietnamese independence
movement, the French had no choice but to
A) To remain/has joined grant the country its freedom in 1954.
B) Remaining/had joined
C) Remained/was joining A) To be beaten
D) To have remained/would join B) Beating
E) Having remained/joined C) To have beaten
D) Having beaten
4- ---- as a hairdresser, Maria ---- for people E) Having been beaten
from all kinds of backgrounds.
10- ---- home after the party, the students
A) Having worked/was cut decided to hire a taxi, as there weren't any
B) To have worked/has to cut buses running to their neighbourhood at that
C) To work/would rather cut hour.
D) Working/used to cut
E) Worked/could have cut hair A) To get
B) Got
5- Although Magellan is often thought of as the C) Getting
first man ---- all the way around the world, in D) To have got
fact he didn't complete his journey, as some E) Having got
of his crew did, because he ---- in the
Philippines by its native inhabitants. 11- ---- the play in advance, I had problems
understanding Hamlet while ---- it in the
A) having sailed/was killing theatre.
B) to have sailed/was killed
C) to be sailing/killed A) Not having read/watching
D) sailed/was being killed B) Not to read/watched
E) sailing/had been killed C) Not read/to be watching
D) Not reading/having watched
6- ---- too many people to their party, Sam and E) Not to have read/ to watch
Tim didn't know what to do when they all
turned up. 12- ---- Poland, Denmark and Norway, Nazi
Germany, after a pause for a month,
A) Having invited launched an attack on France.
B) Inviting
C) To invite A) Beating
D) To have invited B) Beaten
E) Invited C) To be beaten
D) Having beaten
E) To have beaten
306
13- One of the last British soldiers ---- in the 19- ---- to publish his poems, Thomas Hardy
First World War was the anti-war poet decided to write novels instead.
William Owen, ---- just a week before the end
of hostilities. A) To fail
B) Being failed
A) to have died/was killed C) Having failed
B) dying/being killed D) Failed
C) having died/killing E) To have failed
D) died/would be killed
E) to die/killed 20- ---- successful in making Indian food
properly, it is necessary to have the right
14- ---- to work on the bus, Mark looked out of kinds of spices.
the window of the vehicle and was jealous of
the people passing by in their own cars. A) To have been
B) Been
A) Having gone C) To be
B) Going D) Being
C) To have gone E) Having been
D) To go
E) Gone 21- ---- to the South Pole first, the Norwegian
explorer Roald Amundsen ---- sled dogs
15- ---- his favourite toy, the little boy came to rather than the slow Siberian ponies of his
his mother ---- and sought comfort in her British rival Robert Scott.
arms.
A) Having got/would use
A) Having broken/crying B) Getting/has used
B) To be breaking/to cry C) Got/was using
C) Broken/having cried D) To have got/had used
D) Breaking/to have cried E) To get/used
E) Having been broken/cried
22- ---- in the plane crash, he managed to get
16- ---- the film Titanic only the week before, slowly down the mountain, even with his
Pelin was afraid ---- the ferry with us from broken leg, and find help.
Mersin to Cyprus.
A) Not having killed
A) To have watched/to be taken B) Not to be killed
B) Having been watched/take C) Not to kill
C) To watch/being taken D) Not killing
D) Having watched/to take E) Not having been killed
E) Watching/taking
23- ---- the only survivor of the crash, he
17- ---- economic growth during their election regarded himself as extremely lucky.
campaign, the government was embarrassed
by the high unemployment figures. A) Being
B) To be
A) To be promising C) To have been
B) To promise D) Been
C) Having been promised E) Have been
D) Having promised
E) Being promised 24- ---- prawns before, and ---- they looked a bit
like fat pink insects, Ayşe was reluctant to
18- ---- for the bus, Sue noticed somebody she try them.
knew across the road ---- at her.
A) Not to be eating/to think
A) Waited/waved B) Not eating/to be thinking
B) Waiting/waving C) Not having eaten/thinking
C) To have waited/wave D) Not eaten/thought
D) To wait/to be waving E) Not to eat/having thought
E) Having waited/to wave
307
25- The first European ---- in the Americas was 31- Shortly after ---- a promotion, he was made
not Columbus, as excavations in Canada redundant because of the company's
show the Vikings ---- there about 500 years sudden financial difficulties.
before him.
A) having given
A) having landed/were getting B) being given
B) being landed/would get C) to be given
C) landing/have got D) given
D) landed/have been getting E) giving
E) to land/had got
32- ---- most of his early adult life in political
26- ---- of food, two million Soviet prisoners of service, Machiavelli sat down to write his
war were left to starve to death by the Nazi books on politics when no longer ---- to work
authorities in 1941. on official business.
A) Having deprived A) Spending/allowing

B) Having been deprived B) Having spent/allowed
C) Depriving C) Being spent/to allow
D) To have been deprived D) To be spent/being allowed
E) To be deprived E) To spend/having allowed
27- ---- for an insurance company during the 33- ---- down the street with the old lady's
day, the author Franz Kafka ---- during the handbag, the purse-snatcher, not ---- the
night, when he was at home. open sewer in front of him, fell into it.
A) Having worked/ought to write A) To run/to notice

B) Worked/was writing B) To have run/noticed
C) To work/ought to be writing C) Running/having noticed
D) Working/had to write D) To be running/being noticed
E) Being worked/could be writing E) Having run/to be noticed
28- ---- in Denmark in 1803, the slave trade ---- 34- If ---- with the proper cages and food,
illegal throughout the rest of the worId soon animals can live a relatively normal life in
after. confined surroundings.
A) Having abolished/would be made A) provided

B) Abolished/made B) to be provided
C) Abolishing/has been making C) to provide
D) Having been abolished/was made D) having provided
E) To be abolished/has been made E) providing
29- ---- with her boyfriend, she completely ---- 35- Since ---- with central heating, Mum's house
what time it was and wound up coming has been much more comfortable.
home so late that her parents went crazy.
A) having equipped
A) Having danced/had forgotten B) to be equipped
B) Dancing/forgot C) being equipped
C) To dance/has forgotten D) to have equipped
D) Danced/would forget E) to equip
E) To be dancing/was forgetting
36- He ---- so fast that he ---- the tractor on the
30- If ---- early enough, many forms of cancer ---- road ahead until it was too late.
with substantial success.
A) has driven/doesn't notice
A) detecting/could be treated B) had driven/wasn't noticing
B) to detect/have been treated C) was driving/didn't notice
C) to be detected/should treat D) drove/won't have noticed
D) detected/can be treated E) drives/isn't noticing
E) being detected/will have treated
308
37- If our travel plans ---- unchanged, we ---- on 44- ---- in a "no-parking" zone, the boss's car
the beach in Cuba this time next month. was towed away.
A) remain/will be lying A) To be parked

B) have remained/are lying B) Parking
C) are remaining/have lain C) To park
D) will remain/will have lain D) Having been parked
E) had remained/were lying E) To be parking
38- Though I ---- with his ideas at first, by the 45- ---- by the doctor, my father was prescribed
end of the meeting, he ---- me that he was some tablets and told to eat foods
correct. containing little or no fat.
A) won't agree/would convince A) Having been examined

B) didn't agree/had convinced B) To examine
C) wouldn't agree/convinced C) To be examined
D) haven't agreed/was convincing D) Examining
E) don't agree/would have convinced E) Having examined
39- Now that she ---- to a higher position, she ---- 46- ---- the required score in the qualifying
more satisfied with her job. round, the former champion will not be
competing in the final.
A) was promoted/would be
B) will be promoted/had been A) Not to reach
C) had promoted/was B) Not having reached
D) promoted/has been C) Not having been reached
E) has been promoted/will be D) Not being reached
E) Not to be reaching
40- It's highly probable that, unless ---- with
great care, this glassware ---- during the 47- ---- of the dangers many times by his
move. mother, Cameron never swam in the river.
A) handling/might break A) To warn

B) handled/will break B) To be warning
C) to handle/breaks C) To have warned
D) to handling/is broken D) Having warned
E) handle/has broken E) Having been warned
41- ---- for over an hour, the lifeboat men finally 48- ---- by the Roman, Byzantine and Ottoman
spotted the small rubber boat ---- up and civilizations, Syria has some striking
down in the rough sea. architecture which ---- the influence of all the
three.
A) Having searched/bobbing
B) Searching/to be bobbing A) To be occupied/reflected
C) Being searched/having bobbed B) Occupying/has reflected
D) To have searched/bobbed C) To be occupying/will reflect
E) To be searched/to bob D) Having occupied/is reflecting
E) Having been occupied/reflects
42- Recently, new conservation methods ---- and
it is hoped that these ---- to prevent further 49- When you ---- here for a few more weeks,
erosion of the soil. you ---- how to behave in every situation.
A) developed/may have helped A) are living/know

B) were developed/were helping B) lived/will have known
C) have been developed/will help C) will have lived/know
D) will be developing/have helped D) have lived/will know
E) are developing/are helping E) live/have known
43- I was relieved when, after ---- for an hour, I 50- ---- to a house closer to our office, now we
---- in starting the car. ---- a long way to work every day.
A) being tried/would succeed A) Having moved/don't have to travel

B) trying/have succeeded B) Moving/can't have travelled
C) to be trying/could succeed C) To move/ought not to travel
D) to have tried/had succeeded D) To be moved/haven't travelled
E) having tried/succeeded E) To be moving/didn't use to travel
309
51- ---- all our options, the board has decided 57- Seeing that the horses ---- heavily, I thought
that expansion into the European market they ---- for a considerable distance.
would not be feasible at this time.
A) have sweated/will be galloping
A) To consider B) were sweating/had been galloping
B) Considered C) have been sweating/are galloping
C) Having considered D) had sweated/will have galloped
D) To have considered E) sweat/have galloped
E) Being considered
58- According to the police report, the robbery
52- Traffic ---- to the adjacent street while the ---- place about one hour after the gallery ---- .
natural gas pipes ---- in our street.
A) has taken/closed
A) has been diverted/are laying B) would take/has closed
B) will be diverted/are being laid C) took/had closed
C) diverted/were laid D) is taking/will close
D) was diverted/laid E) had taken/would close
E) had diverted/were being laid
59- ---- this opponent on two previous
53- I don't know whether she ---- the occasions, the player is quite confident of
demonstration or not, but certainly no one victory tomorrow.
---- seeing her there.
A) Having beaten
A) attends/is reporting B) To beat
B) attended/reported C) Beating
C) had attended/will have reported D) Beaten
D) is attending/was reporting E) To have beaten
E) will have attended/reports
60- Just as I ---- the corner shop the other day, I
54- ---- there for years, the curator of the ---- Mary, an old friend of mine from high
museum was very informative about all the school.
exhibits.
A) had entered/was encountering
A) To be working B) was entering/encountered
B) Having been worked C) have entered/would encounter
C) To have worked D) entered/had encountered
D) Having worked E) would enter/could encounter
E) Worked
61- While our host ---- our drinks, we ---- out on
55- Although Patrick O’Brian ---- writing until he to the terrace to watch the sunset.
was over 60, he ---- more than 20 novels up
to now. A) has poured/were wandering
B) had been pouring/have wandered
A) hasn't started/has been writing C) was pouring/wandered
B) couldn't start/writes D) will be pouring/wander
C) hadn't started/was writing E) is pouring/had wandered
D) wasn't starting/is writing
E) didn't start/has written 62- ---- his proposal to the board of directors,
the young manager stood in front of them
56- ---- of affection during his childhood, that awaiting their reaction to it.
boy has difficulty forming proper
relationships with his classmates. A) To have presented
B) Presented
A) Depriving C) To present
B) To be deprived D) Having presented
C) Having deprived E) Being presented
D) To deprive
E) Having been deprived 63- Fortunately, everyone ---- from the building
before the bomb ---- .
A) had been evacuated/exploded

B) evacuates/will explode
C) has been evacuated/explodes
D) will be evacuated/is exploding
E) was evacuating/has exploded
310
64- ---- their daughter because of their 71- ---- that the test was going to be postponed,
obsession with their careers, the parents are she stayed up all night studying.
responsible for her bad behaviour.
A) To be informing
A) Neglected B) To have informed
B) Having been neglected C) Not being informed
C) Having neglected D) Not having informed
D) To be neglected E) Having been informed
E) To neglect
72- ---- the expression on his teacher's face, he
65- Their house ---- a magnificent sea view instantly knew that he had received a high
before those tall buildings ---- . mark on his test.
A) used to have/were erected A) Reading

B) was having/erected B) To have read
C) has had/are erected C) Having been read
D) had had/had erected D) To have been read
E) should have/have been erected E) Having been reading
66- ---- three best-sellers, he feels it is now safe 73- ---- his rival twice already, he refused to play
---- his job and live on the income from his another chess match with the losing party.
writing.
A) Being beaten
A) To have written/quitting B) To be beaten
B) Having been written/quit C) Having beaten
C) Having written/to quit D) To have beaten
D) Writing/to have quit E) Having been beaten
E) To be writing/having quit
74- ---- his country in the Olympics, the boy first
67- ---- in India, the spinning wheel reached had to compete with five thousand other
Europe via the Middle East sometime during candidates.
the Middle Ages.
A) Represented
A) To have invented B) To represent
B) Having invented C) Being represented
C) To be invented D) To be represented
D) Having been invented E) Having represented
E) Inventing
68- ---- with her boyfriend, Samantha vowed 75- ---- that she might not like Turkish food,
never to let a boy make her sad again. Angela took the precaution of locating
several vegetarian restaurants.
A) Broken up
B) To have broken A) To warn
C) To be broken up B) Warned
D) Being broken up C) Warning
E) Having broken up D) Having warned
E) To be warned
69- ---- to head manager, my father celebrated by
taking us all out to dinner. 76- After ---- every day for forty-five years, Mr.
Stanley did not know what to do with himself
A) To be promoting in retirement.
B) Having promoted
C) To have promoted A) working
D) Having been promoted B) to work
E) To have been promoted C) to be working
D) worked
70- In addition ---- children's books, the author E) to have worked
also ---- the illustrations.
A) writing/was
B) written/doing
C) to write/does
D) to writing/did
E) to be written/has
311
77- ---- a great deal of wealth by hard work in his

youth, he decided to retire and enjoy it
before he got too old.
A) Being acquired
B) To acquire
C) Having acquired
D) Having been acquired
E) To be acquired
78- ---- that they would be able to change the

world, young people all over the world
demonstrated against the unjust wars of the
1960s.
A) Being believed
B) Believe
C) To have believed
D) Believing
E) Believed
79- All his goals as an actor ----, his next big

challenge was to direct a successful film.
A) having been achieved

B) achieving
C) to have achieved
D) having achieved
E) to be achieved
80- In the 1980s, during Ronald Reagan's term

as president of the USA, many people ---- off
from jobs they ---- to keep all their lives.
A) have been laid/were expecting

B) were laying/have expected
C) were laid/had expected
D) were being laid/are expecting
E) had been laid/have been expected
312
CONJUNCTIONS – TRANSITIONS (CÜMLE TAMAMLAMA)
1- ----, so it is a good idea to make a 6- ----, it's difficult to decide which one to buy.
reservation.
A) In addition to the high costs of medical
A) The hotels can be very busy at this time of services in the country
year B) When the gallery owner has offered his
B) I think there will be plenty of seats left opinion
C) I guess he had arrived at a very late hour C) Assuming that this armchair may not fit in
D) Package tours are getting more and more the place
expensive D) Until a friend of ours made the decision for
E) We haven't decided where to go on holiday us
yet E) As we like both pictures so much
2- ----, he wrote more than 600 songs in his 7- Besides the threat from illegal hunting, ---- .
brief musical career.
A) they have been unable to stop this brutal
A) Although the German composer Schubert trade
died at the age of 32 B) the people who kill gorillas or capture. them
B) Chopin was bom in Poland but spent most for zoos
of his adult life in Paris C) the mountain gorilla is in danger from
C) At a young age, Beethoven began to suffer human settlement
from early symptoms of deafness D) human beings have virtually wiped out
D) By the time Brahms completed the first of certain species
his four symphonies E) it is still not too late to save the giant panda
E) Rossini, who reigned as Italy's foremost
composer of the early 19th century 8- Having bought the flat between them, ----.
3- Chasing the chickens back into their coop, A) his devotion to restoring them to their
---- . former styles was admirable
B) I thought the high price was justified
A) the birds ran in all directions because it had an extensive garden
B) for fear that they would disturb the visitors C) it was really amazing how quickly they
C) Farmer Oak's patience was wearing thin renovated it
D) the old farmer tripped and hurt his knee D) my sisters will share the cost of the
E) they would thus lay their eggs in the proper alterations made in it
place E) the house has a large balcony and a
wonderful sea view
4- Since opening this pension three years ago,
---- . 9- Although my brother likes most aspects of
his job, ----.
A) virtually the same customers came to stay
here every year A) he has never got used to travelling abroad
B) we have added several facilities, including a on business
swimming-pool B) he still isn't thinking of applying for a
C) the possibility of going bankrupt still different position
threatens us C) he enjoyed going on business trips as well
D) our chef is now regarded as the best aruund D) I think it would be foolish of him to quit . now
here E) he works really hard in order to obtain a
E) it has become one of the most popular in promotion
town
10- In addition to its strategic location that has
5- As its surface is so hard, ---- . made it a centre of commerce, ----.
A) gem stones are not only used for jewellery A) many companies have their headquarters
but also in industry there
B) she bought some new blankets for the. B) today the city is not so important
children internationally
C) you'll find cushions more comfortable than C) the city is an important cultural centre
chairs D) many people move there to work
D) it is actually composed of soft elements E) it is, however, no longer the capital city
E) a diamond can only be cut with another
diamond
313
11- ---- ; at a zoo, however, they can see in 16- Since starting to make a hand-woven rug
captivity the wild animals from all over the last month, ---- .
world.
A) the harmony of the colours looks wonderful
A) Wild budgies bathe in dew-wet grass, but B) the pattern was more difficult than it looked
for the cage budgie, extra water is needed C) she has rarely been seeh outside her room
B) Animals are better off in their own habitats, D) she isn't interested in anything else
where they can be observed behaving E) it was a very complicated pattern, though
naturally
C) Many people don't even have the 17- ----, whereas this one is better for self-study.
opportunity to observe the wildlife of their
own country A) At the end of this course, you will be
D) The only people who deserve pets are presented with a certificate
those who take good care of them. B) This book is meant to be used in group
E) Pets are not just playthings you can neglect lessons
when you are tired or when you go on C) She studied Turkish Literature at Istanbul
vacation University
D) Text books are designed for different
12- Having once been a vital aid to local learning situations
shipping, ---- . E) You are planning to study on your own
A) the lighthouse is now a museum 18- In his opinion, the company's negligence
B) modern technology has now taken over and cost cutting measures ----.
C) it is very interesting to see the video
D) the surrounding seas can sometimes be A) there was a fierce competition in the
very rough industry
E) I was fascinated to see how it worked B) whichever way they have been
implemented
13- After making an emergency landing on a C) was a consequence of their shrinking profits
small island ---- . D) has only been applied since the beginning
of the month
A) lightning had struck one of the engines E) caused this catastrophe to happen
B) their chances of being found alive were
scarce 19- Devoting every spare minute of his time to
C) there was nothing but sand and palm trees the mountain rescue service, ---- .
for miles
D) there were, fortunately, no casualties A) mountaineers should not climb mountains
E) the pilot radioed air-sea rescue alone
B) the money raised by volunteers is well-used
14- ----, but one that is teased will quickly inflict C) mountains should be open to the public for
a nasty peck. leisure purposes
D) he hardly has any time to stay with his
A) Voice training methods are the same for a family
parrot as those for a budgie E) his dogs and children help him occasionally
B) A gently handled parrot can become a
clever and affectionate companion 20- The air near the centre of an active volcano
C) The size of the cage for your canary is so sulphurous ---- .
depends upon the bird
D) The cat has been a pet since the days cf A) during eruptions poisonous gases fill the air
ancient Egypt making it almost impossible to breathe.
E) Few pets became popular as quickly as B) even though scientists wore special masks
parakeets, also called budgies which filtered the air to enable them to cany
out their studies
15- In addition to customers who have seen our C) whether or not scientists can study them
advertisements ---- . depends on the amount of sulphur in the air
D) that scientists need to wear special
A) they are normally only interested in special breathing equipment when studying
offers volcanic activity
B) we obviously need to put them into more E) yet these sulphurous gases give off a strong
newspapers smell similar to that of rotten eggs
C) coming mainly to buy specific things which
have been advertised
D) we gain a lot of clients through personal
recommendations
E) they usually display some of our best
products
314
21- ---- he fell straight into the water. 27- Besides being a difficult language for
westerners to pronounce, ---- .
A) Being too large to come right into the
harbour A) it's easier, to leam using phonetics
B) For fear that he would miss the train B) many of them learnt it with little difficulty
connection C) Mandarin Chinese has a complicated
C) He would obviously not try diving again written form
D) Misjudging the gap between the boat and D) Japanese is growing in popularity with
the quay language students
E) The captain gave us a hand to disembark E) several languages use tone to indicate
meaning
22- As it stops directly opposite the cemetery,
----. 28- Having ordered the job herself, ---- .
A) the trains in the region are unpredictable
B) the No 9 bus is the best one for you to catch A) it wasn't anything to do with her
C) he died peacefully in his sleep last night incompetence
D) it starts at 7.30 in the morning B) the facsimile line hadn't beei installed yet
E) the museum has closed for the winter C) I picked up the phone to ring the. supervisor
immediately
23- ----, so we'll have to decide which one is D) it was disappointing that the job hadn't been
more suitable. carried out properly
E) Marion knew she had asked for a separate
A) The Edwardian one is larger than all the fax line
others
B) There is only one suitable venue for our 29- Ever since she heard one of his songs on
party the radio, ----.
C) We can't employ both of the applicants
D) They've built new shopping centre next to A) for his melancholy melodies appealed to her
the stadium B) his music is becoming popular with students
E) I can't believe that we have received no C) which was a combination of rock and
replies to our advertisement country music
D) she has been collecting his albums
24- Since being given the Head Master's E) it was mostly owing to his emotive lyrics
position, ----.
30- Although I've made progress in many
A) he is undoubtedly the best person for the aspects of the language, ----
job
B) he hasn't taught as many hours as he used A) I still have problems with my pronunciation
to B) my written compositions have received
C) the school has been improving steadily good grades
D) the pupils are much happier than they were C) I'm concentrating particularly on Byzantine
with the previous one history
E) most of the other teachers criticised him D) my teacher somehow thinks that I'm good at
severely grammar
E) I enjoy listening to French music as well
25- ----, so he has to keep up-to-date with tax
law. 31- Despite having told the waiter that we were
vegetarians, ---- .
A) My father works as a financial advisor
B) There is no tax on children's clothing A) he continued to recommend us dishes
C) You may think you are paying too much containing meat
D) Richard occasionally reads the Financial B) we were only offered a rather disgusting
Times green salad
E) Terry is not a convicted criminal C) he said the chef could make us something
special
26- Although he suffers from diabetes, ---- . D) he told us they had a good selection of
meat-free dishes
A) he has won gold medals in five separate E) we wouldn't he tipping him due to the poor
races service
B) no one thinks he will be able to compete
again
C) rowing is a particularly strenuous sport for
him
D) which is a remarkable achievement
E) his wife supports him in everything he does
315
32- Having once provided a vital route for raw 37- ----, while St Bernard is an excellent ski
materials to be transported to Manchester, resort for competent skiers.
---- .
A) There are some very exciting runs
A) I enjoyed the short cruise in a friend's boat B) I had only been sküng on two other
tremendously occasions
B) my father pointed out the once grand C) Rock climbing has become quite popular
waterway, as we crossed over it with students
C) the canal is now mainly used for leisure D) She learnt rock climbing in Germany last
purposes year
D) heavy industry has declined in the region E) St Moritz is one of the best resorts for
E) old barges are sometimes converted into beginners
houseboats
38- According to the journalist, it is the
33- ----, whereas the other side of the island of company's lack of respect for the
Hispaniola, Haiti, is considered too environment ---- .
dangerous by most European holiday
companies. A) while the government is considering
launching an investigation into their
A) Half of the town is on the south side of the methods
river B) besides, they completely deny it
B) The Dominican Republic has . become a C) that has caused the poisoning of the'
popular holiday destination for Europeans ground for miles around
C) The second largest island .of the West D) in case they pollute the surrounding
Indies, Hispaniola, is situated between woodland and rivers
Cuba and Puerto Rico in the Caribbean Sea E) when many of the trees in the nearby forest
D) In contrast to. the highlands, the basin of started to die one after another
Lago Enriquillo is about 150 feet below sea
level 39- Frequently travelling on the train without a
E) The island was inhabited by Arawaks, an ticket, ---- .
American Indian people, before Christopher
Columbus landed there in 1492 A) he has been lucky to have only been fined
twice
34- After finding the windows of the cafe open B) the ticket inspector fined him sixty pounds'
and noticing all the computer equipment was C) they hardly ever check people's tickets
missing, ---- . though ,
D) I don't think he is a responsible citizen
A) everything was, luckily, fully insured E) the new metro service has automatic ticket
B) nothing seems impossible f6r thieves in this machines
town
C) his anger was uncontrollable 40- These Indonesian refugees live in huts on
D) the owner phoned the local police stilts in the sea, ---- .
E) the thieves had taken everything
A) as they had been provided with excellent
35- Since adding the new product range, ----. accommodation by the government
B) however quickly they leave the area in fear
A) we have been making healthy profits for their lives
B) the jackets are particularly popular C) even though none of them can speak
C) the old stock was sold at half price Malaysian
D) we don't seem to make much profit D) for there are a lot of man-eating sharks in
E) it is. admittedly, a very unusual, range the area
E) so that they don't need official papers for
36- In addition to those tourists who come to their new homeland
Turkey to enjoy the sun, sea and sand, ---- .
41- ----, they were as hard as a rock.
A) they should definitely promote the country
more overseas A) Because I cooked the biscuits too long in
B) many arrive each year to tour around the microwave oven
historical sites and enjoy the scenery B) Despite the hard pillows they gave us at the
C) missing out on the beautiful historical sites roadside motel
which are dotted around the country C) When my mother makes some fairy cakes
D) which, of course, is the country's main for the party
attraction D) If she has filled the matresses with too
E) the Mediterranean is a particularly popular much cotton
area E) Since the ground was not suitable for
playing fooiball on
316
42- ---- by the biological weapon used in the 47- However much-it may cost, ---- .
area during the war.
A) it was a really interesting holiday on a luxury
A) They are still negotiating with the UN cruise ship
weapons inspectors B) we have never eaten at that restaurant
B) The old woman's face had been disfigured before
beyond recognition C) he has been earning quite a lot of money
C) UN peacekeepers have lost credibility jn recently
certain areas D) they made some errors in the financial
D) Palestinians make up a large sector of the calculations
refugee population worldwide E) we are determined to hold an engagement
E) There have been no long-term studies as to party
the effects of cyanide gas
48- In the end we stayed at home, ---- .
43- ----, I have promised to buy her a lop-eared
rabbit. A) unless anyone has a better suggestion
B) if I hadn't turned the radio on
A) As I don't approve of keeping animals as C) that we are getting quite lazy these days
pets D) since long traffic queues to the event were
B) Thanks to the actions of animal rights reported
groups E) whether or not our free tickets are valid
C) Despite the ban on fur farming
D) As fox fur coats were quite expensive 49- Having worked for a large international
E) Since my daughter loves animals translation office with a hectic pace, ---- .
44- Since starting to work for a big company, ---- . A) the work at the Town Hall seemed rather
slow-paced
A) the customers seem to be pleased with his B) he found his work for the local council a little
attitude monotonous
B) it is located just in the commercial centre of C) his career was just about to take off there
the city D) simultaneous translations were his area of
C) he has taken several accounting expertise
qualifications E) most of their customers didn't realise how
D) the branch where he works has closed talented he was
down
E) he hopes that he will be more satisfied 50- ---- we should take some spare copies to the
meeting.
45- The Australian and New Zealand teams are
the giants of rugby in the world, ---- A) Since there is always someone who forgets
to bring his reports
A) so we weren't surprised when we beat them B) However, the meeting will start just after the
B) although soccer had never really become lunch break
popular in Australia C) Though we are normally very well organised
C) despite being famous for their pre-match D) If they aren't as necessary as I would think
routine E) Until we know which room the meeting will
D) but both have been beaten by northern be held in
hemisphere teams lately
E) in spite of both being part of the British 51- ---- until you know her a little better.
Commonwealth
A) Any time you need any money
46- Although the workers have demanded a B) She seems unreliable to me
large increase initially, ---- . C) It takes time to get acquainted
D) They have been friends for ages
A) having seen their pay fall below the national E) Don't lend her any money
average
B) this, however, would lead other public 52- ---- even though he isn't as good as the rest
employees to ask for more money of us.
C) they had been given slightly less than
eleven percent A) He doesn't play basketball any more
D) they have therefore decided to go on strike B) He probably won't qualify as a doctor
E) they now seem to be willing to accept a lot C) We should ask his brother if he wants to
less play
D) None of us knew him when he was at
school
E) Whoever picked him for the team
317
53- ----, you need to sort out your priorities. 58- Even though they gave their son every
opportunity to succeed in life, ---- .
A) Ever since you taught a course in time
management A) he is trying to become the President of the
B) Since you cannot do everything you General Medical Council
planned B) he never keeps a job longer than a couple
C) After you discovered you had been picked of months
for the job C) he showed his parents the greatest respect
D) Whether that was your main aim is . D) why no one ever gave him a chance
debatable E) everybody knows that he became a self-
E) When you made a list of the ten most made millionaire
important tasks
59- It is the custom in Austria to light real
54- ---- even though it is a dangerous job. candles on the Christmas tree, ---- .
A) There is no shortage of applicants A) when we had lights on the tree and around
B) There don't seem to be enough volunteers the front door
to recruit B) thus, fasting during Ramazan is a part of
C) They offer an incredibly high salary the Muslim tradition
D) They risk their lives on a regular basis C) so they looked particularly beautiful on the
E) I was considering rejecting the offer Norwegian pine tree
D) but this would be seen as unnecessarily
55- ---- when my daughter starts school next dangerous in England
year. E) while Christmas dinner is eaten on the
evening of Christmas Eve in Austria and
A) The class sizes are quite small there Germany
B) She is doing really well now
C) Her teacher is on leave at the moment 60- The depressing atmosphere in our office ---- .
D) I might be able to help you in the shop
E) I would be able to watch the reception for A) yet the manager tried to motivate his
you employees anyway
B) it is the same whichever day you work
56- Since the houses are built on a flood plain C) has been due to a personality conflict
---- . between the two brand managers
D) although Fred did try to remain neutral
A) I don't know how the developers got away E) were caused by Jack, who felt that the
with it assistant brand manager wanted his job
B) it would have cost him more than he could
afford 61- Having worked unhappily in many different
C) the land is not suitable for residential schools, ---- .
development
D) there is no shortage of buyers for them A) it was the headmaster who made him feel
E) the banks are reluctant to lend buyers so fed up with the profession
money for them B) private teaching seemed a better option to
Peter
57- ----, they vary in the amount of choice they C) teaching enthusiastic students was
give the user in displaying their work. nonetheless quite enjoyable
D) Philip decided to try and make his living in a
A) Since I wanted a package with a spell- different field
checker E) his brother's school was looking for new
B) Whether you type your work or hand write it recruits
C) If you have undergone information
technology training 62- Even though Istiklal Caddesi is a
D) As word processor designers don't normally pedestrianized street, ---- .
need to type anything
E) Although all word-processing packages are A) cars are always driving up and down the
basically the same middle of the road
B) why there is a guard to stop cars from
turning onto the street
C) it's usually crowded with people walking
around aimlessly
D) the street is especially spectacular when it's
lit up at night
E) it is a pleasure to walk there because there
is no traffic
318
63- ----, some are much more expensive than 68- We finally decided to go away for the
others. weekend, ---- .
A) While some package holidays cost more A) whether we should go to Izmir or

than others somewhere nearer
B) Although all air conditioners are'more or B) that the weather was perfect for a trip
less the same C) when we get tired of looking at the same
C) Since all dishwashers come with similar four walls
guarantees D) feeling that we needed a change of scene
D) Most people would rather go on a package E) if nothing unexpected comes up at the last
holiday than travel independently minute
E) Unless you want to buy a new refrigerator
69- However much money you earn, ---- .
64- ----, but in the end, we convinced her not to
do it. A) there is a rumour that salaries won't be
increased substantially this year
A) She has become far more careful about B) you should have saved some of it for such
punctuality recently bad days
B) She has changed three jobs just in the last C) you will not be happy until you learn to live
year within your means
C) She was tempted to hand in her resignation D) you have never earned such a high-salary
several times last week before
D) She did not seem very keen on taking part E) you can now afford a trip on a luxury cruise
in the new project
E) I know she applied for a job last week, but 70- Since our car broke down before we had
don't know anything about what happened even left town, ---- .
65- ---- once the semester starts. A) we never had it regularly serviced
B) we decided to forget about going all the way
A) I was planning to go back to live in the to Antakya
dormitory C) it was the worst time of year to be out in the
B) I have always wanted to stay a student cold
forever D) and besides, it was raining so heavily that
C) I would have been happy to do it for you we couldn't see the road ahead
D) There is a shortage of teachers at the E) there was no one with us who.could repair it
moment so that we could continue
E) I will be too busy to help you out with your
project 71- ---- because the dam that was being built
nearby would have left it underwater.
66- ---- since Europeans are not as willing to
work hard for low wages as they are. A) The flooding of the river Nile used to be
difficult to control
A) There are plenty of labouring jobs available B) The ancient temple at Abu Simbel in Egypt
for immigrants in Europe had to be moved
B) "Asylum seekers" are people who fear what C) The farmers of the region are going to have
will happen to them in their own countries to learn how to fish
C) It is now more expensive than ever to get a D) The villages near the river were evacuated
visa to the United States within two years'
D) European governments are taking strict E) The'tourist industry on the Yangtze River in
measures against illegal immigration China is under threat
E) Europe is increasingly less sympathetic
towards the asylum seeker 72- ----, yet in the end it simply turned into a
dictatorship.
67- Waiting for the exam results ---- .
A) The people of Eritrea threw Ethiopians out
A) the teachers seem to take their time in of their country
marking them B) Hitler had no intention of sharing power with
B) she stays up all night thinking what she can anybody
do if she fails C) Even Lenin understood the danger of Stalin
C) were not as high as the teachers were taking power
expecting of them D) The government of the Sudan has been
D) can sometimes be as stressful as taking the criticized for its human rights abuses
exam E) The French Revolution started out in the
E) which seemed like a year, not just a week name of freedom
319
73- Tunisia was peacefully granted 78- Siegfried Sassoon wrote his graphic and
independence by France in 1956, ---- . bloody poetry ---- .
A) so French is still widely spoken in its former A) besides, he is one of Britain's most famous
colonies poets
B) since it is effectively a one-party state ruled B) therefore he was not seen as a novelist or a
by the president playwright
C) whereas neighbouring Algeria had to fight C) but he was describing what he had seen
for hers for eight years anyway
D) until the rebels in the south had laid down D) whereas Lord Byron had written on the
their weapons beauty of nature
E) yet today the country is still free from E) in order to show the horrors of the First
foreign interference World War
74- ----, I had no idea how to work one. 79- ----, yet he still insisted on coming over.
A) Up until the time that I bought a computer A) We had been asking him to visit for months
B) When I've had the new central heating B) I told him that I was busy with my homework
system installed C) We need some help to prepare for the
C) Once I had found out about the changes in wedding
the night shifts D) I'm sure he received our invitation to the
D) If only I had been given a mobile phone for party
Christmas E) It would have been better if he had called
E) Before I realized the significance of the me first
problem
80- Shakespeare is widely regarded as the best
75- Before learning to read Arabic, ---- . playwright in history; ---- .
A) she could already speak quite a few words A) much as he tried to achieve success in his
of it lifetime
B) the letters are completely different from B) in order to write a total of 37 pieces for the
Latin ones theatre
C) I have read a few of Naguib Mahfouz's C) in addition to being born in Stratford-upon-
translated works Avon
D) the course was far easier than we had D) besides having written 154 beautiful
expected sonnets
E) its words are very hard to pronounce E) nevertheless, most of his storylines are
correctly adopted from others
76- Having bought the car and driven it home, ---

-
A) it seems to have some minor problems but
runs fairly well
B) our neighbours didn't allow us to park it in
front of their gate
C) it had taken us quite a long time to get there
as it was rush hour
D) we noticed that the indicators didn't work
properly
E) the guy who had sold it must have deceived
us
77- ----, and besides, I know he'll offer to pay for

it.
A) You should show him those diamond

earrings you like
B) The food that they serve at that restaurant
is very expensive
C) I don't understand why you travel
everywhere by taxi
D) I know John didn't mean to break your
coffee table
E) Martin seems to be short of money these
days
320

English Grammar Guide with Exercises

Caricato da

Informazioni sul documento

Descrizione originale:

Titolo originale

Copyright

Formati disponibili

Condividi questo documento

Condividi o incorpora il documento

Opzioni di condivisione

Hai trovato utile questo documento?

Questo contenuto è inappropriato?

Copyright:

Formati disponibili

English Grammar Guide with Exercises

Caricato da

Copyright:

Formati disponibili

İÇİNDEKİLER

A) watch/are going A) account/started

A) is/isn't eating A) is reflecting/shone

A) rides/takes A) have visited/was exploding

A) was hurrying/rang A) have used/was showing

A) am not practicing/forget 26- Somebody ---- three times this morning

A) have had/looked A) has snowed/were driving

A) was buying/bragged A) try/are failing

A) has suffered/gives A) has gone/got

A) have lost/stopped A) are visiting/has been opening

A) does/hasn't stayed A) has changed/reached

A) is changing/was inventing 97- Geoff ---- on my toe while we ----.

A) have been preparing/haven't chosen A) has withered/was moving

A) take A) has moved/didn't use

A) give/adds A) paved/is completing

A) has been feeling/looked A) pack/don't touch

A) don't stock/have A) makes/hasn't attended

A) has been living/becomes A) tests/hasn't been providing

A) complained/has started A) appeared/was hiding

A) have quit/became A) has pulled/have been getting

A) have been indicating/were using A) is teasing/wasn't letting

A) finishes/have taken A) was lying/has been

A) discuss/weren't taking A) walks/is raining

A) has been walking/is troubling A) speak/has been thinking

A) were visiting/is spending

A) were asking A) has been learning/is planning

A) lied/was beginning A) has been swimming/develops

A) has teased A) wasn't quitting/tried

A) was spilling/have A) took/hasn't been working

A) don't visit/are changing A) didn't travel/look

A) have been chatting/burn A) was/has remained

A) hasn't released/have known A) send/was allowing

A) am waiting/isn't arriving A) was whistling/has taken

A) has launched/was surviving A) hasn't read/watched

A) had/are going A) has been growing/needed

A) sneaked/have been sleeping A) are being/have seen

246- Steve ---- in İstanbul since the year 2001,

A) has been living/was moving

247- The French poet Arthur Rimbaud ---- to write

A) had been worrying/will phone A) doesn't win/considers

A) will have got/reach A) was founding/has included

A) was making/has developed A) was shrinking/wash

A) has had/held A) declared/had been ruling

A) have graduated/will have looked A) are picking/will place

A) talks/aren't progressing A) produced/are becoming

A) have been training/will be A) peeled/will be chopping

A) occurs/continues A) was going to batter/causes

A) were arriving/have been reaching

A) are getting/flies A) saw/had been stealing

A) had resigned/was A) were defeating/have attempted

A) were protesting/refused A) was succeeding/have been doing

A) began/has lasted A) are appearing/find

A) were buying/won't realize A) have excavated/will block

A) became/had been A) was swearing/leaves

A) are doing/hadn't studied A) have been working/are looking

A) were arriving/ annihilated A) has got/is failing

A) are losing/have had to spend A) had been trying/surprised

A) won't be working/have appointed A) have sneezed/didn't catch

A) worries/has fallen A) don't achieve

A) had experimented A) will be discussing

A) are tackling/had shouted A) will be calling/offered

A) had doubled/grows A) were/have been looking