NETAJI SUBHAS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, NEW DELHI

Azad Hind Fauj Marg, Sector – 3, Dwarka, New Delhi – 110078

Seminar : COE - 417 project report

Augmented Reality

Presented By -Archit Panwar

​

233/CO/15
 INDEX

What is Augmented Reality

All about Augmentation
How Does AR works
Milgram’s reality-virtuality continuum
Augment Reality vs Virtual Reality
Applications of Augmented Reality
Future Innovations
 What is Augmented Reality??

A combination of a real scene viewed by a user

and a virtual scene generated by a computer
that augments the scene with additional
information.

AR systems have the following three

characteristics==

● Combines real and virtual objects in a real Combines real

and virtual objects in a real Combines real and virtual
objects in a real

● Is interactive in real-time

● Registers (aligns) real and virtual objects with each other

 All about Augmentation

• Augmented reality (AR) is a live direct or

indirect view of a physical, real- world
environment whose elements are
augmented (or supplemented) by
computer-generated sensory input such
as sound, video, graphics
or ​GPS ​data.
• As a result, the technology functions by
enhancing one’s current perception of
reality.

Augmented Reality= Real World +

Virtual Layer
Virtual Reality = Virtual World +Real
Inputs
 How Does AR works

● Hardware:-

Key hardware components in AR-based devices are a processor,

display, input devices and sensors. The display is either a
monitor, handheld device, eyeglass or Head Mounted Displays
(HMD). The input device is either the camera of a Smartphone
or a webcam connected to the internet. Sensors are gyroscope
or accelerometer of a mobile device or it could be an infrared
sensor. Nowadays, a Smartphone consists of all hardware
requirements of augmented reality.

● Software:-

Software plays a key role in the functioning of any

device based on Augmented reality technology. Special
3D Augmented reality programs like D’Fusion are used
in AR-based applications. Virtual images, used for
overlapping over the real live image, can be generated
using 3D software. Software can be AutoCad3D,
StudioMax or Cinema4D. CT and MRI data can also be
added to the Real world. Also, to experience
Augmented reality, end-user has to download a
software application or browser plug-in.

● Remote server:-

Apart from this hardware and software, a web or cloud server

plays an important role in storing the database of virtual
images. Based on the request received from AR application,
virtual images are retrieved from web or cloud server and sent
to application.
Working Principle of Augmented Reality :-
Augmented reality based applications work on the basis of two types of approaches,
named as ​Marker-based​ and ​Location-based​.

● Marker-based: –

Below figure can effectively illustrate the working principle of Marker-based type of AR
applications.

You must have heard about QR code. This is the most common type of Marker-based
Augmented reality. 2D bar-code is the simplest type of AR markers. The more complex
type consists of bright color and meaningful pictures. When a Smartphone having
Marker-based AR application scans a pattern such as a bar-code or a symbol through
the camera of it, the software recognizes it and superimposes a digital image on the
screen. 3D or animated digital image is used for a better experience. The Marker-based
AR approach is also called as ​Recognition-based​ Augmented reality.

● Location-based: –

Below figure can effectively illustrates the working principle of Location-based AR

applications.

When camera of a Smartphone having Location-based Augmented reality application is

pointed towards a real scene, inbuilt GPS software recognizes the location of the device
in the world. Based on this recorded location and orientation of device recorded through
inbuilt sensors, like accelerometer and gyroscope of the device, the application offers
data, relevant to that specific location, towards which user is looking for. These digital
informative data are then superimposed to the real scene, visible with device camera.
Most widely implemented AR applications are having location-based AR approach.

Moreover, the key difference between the two approaches is that ​Marker-based AR
applications usually do know about the object that they see where as
Location-based do not, they work by locating the object being seen​.
 Milgram’s reality-virtuality
continuum

​In 1994 Paul Milgram and Fumio Kishino defined a mixed

reality as "​anywhere between the extrema of the virtuality
continuum”​ , where the ​ Virtuality Continuum ​extends from
the ​completely real​ through to the ​ completely virtual
environment with ​augmented reality and augmented
virtuality​ ranging between.
 Augment Reality vs Virtual Reality

1.​Augmented Reality​==a)System augments the real world

scene.
b)User maintains a sense of presence in real world
c)Needs a mechanism to combine virtual world and real
world.

2.Virtual Reality==​a)​Totally immersive environment

b)Visual senses are under control of system (sometimes
aural and proprioceptive senses too)
 Applications of Augmented
Reality

Medical Entertainment
Military Training
Engineering Design
Robotics and Telerobotics
Maintenance, and Repair
Consumer Design
Hazard Detection
Audio
Education
Shopping
Healthcare
 ​Future Innovations

REAL STATE=
AR uses interactive computer-generated images, which allows the
buyers to envision the finished property while it is still under
construction. The benefit of this technology in the real estate
industry is that it can transform all 2D models such as blueprints
and photos into 3D models for buyers to easily interact with.

Shopping=
AR making its way in the shopping industry could most definitely
move potential buyers towards online shopping. With the growth
of augmented reality at the store, customers can view products in
a highly realistic manner in their preferred environment.

Travel=
Moreover, exploring and visiting local attractions, theme
parks and zoos with augmented reality will help travellers
have the most extraordinary trip. The technology will
display 3D models of landmarks and take travellers back
in time showing them the evolution brought with time.