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1. Winding
2. Warping
3. Sizing
Winding
Winding is a process in which yarn from ring bobbins are wound into convenient form of
package. Transferring a yarn from one type of package, more suitable for subsequent process is
also called winding. It occurs both in spinning & weaving. Main objectives of winding include:
Winding rate
Winding rate is the speed at which the yarn is wound on package surface. In case of parallel
package; traverse is very slow, so winding rate is approximately equal to the surface speed.
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Production of Winding Machine
Stop
Magazine Motion
Splicer
Baloon
Waxing Cradle
Breaker
Pre Tension
Cleaner Device Drum
Warping
Warping is the process of transferring a number of yarns from a creel of single end packages,
forming a parallel sheet on to a beam. The main objectives of warping are:
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1. High speed Warping:
In direct warping, the yarns are withdrawn from the single-end yarn packages on the creel and
directly wound on a beam.
2. Sectional Warping:
Sectional warping is a two stage machine method of preparing a warp on a beam, mostly used
for yarn dyed fabrics.
3. Ball Warping:
Ball warping is the process in which warping is performed in rope form onto balls. A ball warped
beam is prepared for subsequent process. It is suitable for denim fabric manufacturing,
involving rope dyeing process.
4. Draw Warping:
Draw warping is combining the drawing of filament yarns with heat setting and warping process
to achieve uniform stretching and heating for improved dye uniformity, end to end. It is used
for weaving of thermoplastic yarns.
Warp
Guide
Creel sheet on
to comb
Roller
Warping
Spindles Headstock
Beam
Tension
Stop
motion
Pressing
Rods
sensor Drum
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Sizing
The weaving requires warp yarn to be strong, smooth and elastic to a certain degree. To
achieve these properties, protective coating of a film forming agent is applied to the warp yarns
prior to weaving. The application of size material on the warp sheet, to induce the desired
properties is called slashing or sizing. Sizing is to produce Quality Fabric economically and
efficiently.
Objectives
The main objectives of sizing are as follows:
Yarn Type: Staple, filament, ring, open end, comber, carded, etc.
Material: cotton, viscose, polyester, etc
Quality: Hairiness, thick and thin places, etc
Sizing Machine: pre wetting, cylinder or hot air drying, etc
Size recipe: Starch, PVA, CMC, etc
Size pick up: more or less, core sized, surface sized
Loom type: shuttle, air jet, rapier, etc
Weave: plain, twill, satin
Loom RPM: slow or high
Personnel: trained properly or not
Handling: machine speed, cylinder temp, etc
Adjustment: squeezing pressure, moisture, etc
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Flow chart of Yarn Passage through Sizing Machine
Mini
Creel Drying
Cylinder
Drying
Cylinder
Size Box
Immersion Splitting Press
Roller Zone
Trolley