DWARFISM

- Pituitary Dwarfism is characterized

by the body’s insufficient production of
growth hormones. The most common
symptom among children is the unusually
smaller stature compared to other
children of the same age. This is because
the lack or information amount of growth
hormones leads to slower growth.
Children with this disorder may still have
normal intelligence and capabilities. This
pituitary gland malfunction can be
congenital or acquired after birth.
Acquired pituitary dwarfism can be
caused by a brain tumor, head trauma,
diseases of a pituitary gland or
hypothalamus, radiation therapy for
certain cancers, or through an
autoimmune condition known as
lymphocytic hypophysitis. Patients are
treated with synthetic growth hormone
given before the child’s plates are fused
together. With early detection and
management, children with this
malfunction can also reach a normal
height.
DIABETES MELLITUS
- Diabetes Mellitus is a group of
metabolic disorders in which a person’s
blood glucose level is high due either to
inadequate insulin production or the
inability of body cells to respond to
insulin, or both. People with diabetes
experience frequent urination as well as
excessive thirst and hunger. There are
three types of diabetes:
Type 1 diabetes- The body
does not produce insulin. People with this
disorder will need to take insulin
injections throughout their lifetime, go
for regular blood tests, and follow a
special diet.
 Type 2 diabetes- The body
produces minimal insulin or the body’s
cell do not react to insulin, a condition
known as insulin resistance. About 90%
of diabetes cases are of this type .
Overweight and obese individuals are at
higher risk of acquiring this type of
diabetes. Type 2 diabetes is a progressive
disease. Diet, exercise, and taking
antidiabetic tablets can control the
progression.
Gestational diabetes- This
affects pregnant women. About 2%-10%
of expectant mothers experience it during
pregnancy. Due to hormonal changes
during pregnancy, a pregnant women’s
cells are less responsive to insulin.
During this time, the pancreas cannot
keep up with the insulin demand, and so
the mother experiences high glucose
levels in her blood. Untreated and poorly
controlled gestational diabetes could
affect the unborn baby. As more glucose
enters the placenta and is absorbed by
the baby, it can lead to a condition known
as macrosomia, or “fat baby”. The
condition may make it difficult to pass
through the birth canal. Moderate
exercise, medication, and observing a
well-planned diet can help treat
gestational diabetes.
- All forms of diabetes are treatable.
With the right management and
combination of exercise, diet, and weight
control, people with diabetes can manage
this disorder. However, if left untreated,
diabetes could lead to complications such
as heart problems, hypertension, eye
complications, foot complications,
stroke, and slow healing wounds.
THYROID DISORDERS
- Are associated with the abnormal
production of thyroid hormones either by
the excessive or insufficient secretion of
the thyroid gland.
HYPERTHYROIDISM
- This condition results in the
overproduction of thyroid hormones.
Patients experience tremors,
nervousness, fatigue, intolerance of heat,
concentration problems, increased
sweating, eye changes (exophthalmos), or
increased bowel movement. Graves’
disease, named after the Irish physician
Robert James Graves who fully described
the disorder, is the most common form of
hyperthyroidism. The most common
symptom is goiter, or the enlargement of
the thyroid gland. Aside from Graves’
disease, goiter can be also associated
with other factors such as iodine
deficiency and thyroid cancer. Treatment
can be through medication, radioactive
iodine, or surgery.
HYPOTHYROIDISM
- Symptoms associated with
insufficient amount of thyroid hormone
include goiter, fatigue, poor
concentration, dry skin, constipation,
unusually cold feeling, depression, and
prolonged menstruation in women.
How will you keep your endocrine system healthy?

 In order to keep my endocrine system healthy, First of all, eat a healthy diet so as
to maintain a healthy weight and balanced chemical secretions from the endocrine
system. Eating a good balance of fruit and vegetables keeps the body healthy and
relatively free of disease. As a result, the endocrine system benefits from these foods as
well, since glandular hormone release is not disrupted by disorders that may be
exacerbated by too much fat, sugar or salt. Kidneys are affected by the amount of toxins
they are forced to filter and excrete from the body. Occasionally, they are unable to
regulate accumulations of purine caused by a diet of high purine foods. Excessive purine
is directly associated with the development of uric acid crystals and gouty arthritis. In
addition, eating plenty of fruits and vegetables prevents the thyroid from becoming
sluggish, which causes weight gain and chronic fatigue. Eating a balanced diet can help
you avoid many problems that may manifest as sleep issues, unhealthy amounts of weight
gain or weight loss, fatigue, moodiness, hair loss, focus problems, a low libido and blood
sugar spikes. Be aware of your family history to keep an eye on your endocrine system
to check for endocrine disorders such as diabetes or hypothyroidism so that preventive
measures can be taken. It is best advised to avoid junk food as it won’t do any good to
your body. Excess amounts of sugar, alcohol, and even excess caffeine all weaken the
liver and the adrenal glands causing unhealthy hormone function. Dairy products contain
several natural hormones which may not do any good when combined with your own. So
avoiding their prolonged use can be beneficial. Good rest is the key element of a healthy
endocrine system. Rest is essential for the hormones in your body to function naturally;
lack of rest may lead to stress, weight gain, and other serious health issues. In addition
to all these, keeping your body fit with regular exercise is really helpful. Choosing
the right exercise options also matters in that it will keep you going without any boredom
while targeting your key trouble spots. Stay at a healthy weight. Eat healthy foods and
get plenty of exercise.
 - The endocrine system is a chemical messenger system consisting of hormones, the
group of glands of an organism that secrete those hormones directly into the circulatory
system to regulate the function of distant target organs, and the feedback loops which
modulate hormone release so that homeostasis is maintained. The endocrine system is
the collection of glands that produce hormones that regulate metabolism, growth and
development, tissue function, sexual function, reproduction, sleep, and mood, among
other things. The endocrine system is made up of glands that produce and secrete
hormones, chemical substances produced in the body that regulate the activity of cells
or organs. These hormones regulate the body's growth, metabolism (the physical and
chemical processes of the body), and sexual development and function.

Name: B2 Joshua G. Anico Date: February 28, 2019 Content -____ Punctuality-_____
Grade/Section: Grade 10-St. Thouret Day: Monday Organization -____ Creativity -_____
Subject Teacher: Mr. Rabino Remarks: _____________________________________