LESSON PLAN IN : Philo 12A INTRODUCTION TO THE PHILOSOPHY OF THE HUMAN PERSON

DATE August 7, 2017

TOPIC/LESSON NAME Methods of Philosophizing

CONTENT STANDARD The learner understands the human person as an embodied spirit.
PERFORMANCE The learner distinguishes his/her own limitations and the possibilities for his/her
STANDARD transcendence.
LEARNING
3.1. Recognize own limitations and possibilities
COMPETENCIES
At the end of the lesson, the student should be able to:

SPECIFIC LEARNING 1. To recognize own limitations or possibilities for one’s transcendence;

OUTCOMES 2. To understand the human person as an embodied spirit through the ideas of
Hinduism; and
3. To discuss the ideas of Hinduism concerning the human person and his spirit.
Quiz
ASSESSMENTS Graphic Organizer
Written Work

1. Class Discussion
STRATEGIES
2. Class Sharing

 Ramos, Christine Carmela R., Introduction to the Philosophy of Human Person,

Manila, REX Bookstore. 2016
RESOURCES AND  Sioco, M.P. and Vinzons, I., Introduction to the Philosophy of Human Person,
MATERIALS Quezon, Vibal Group, Inc., 2016
 Camizola, Loreto et. al., Introduction to the Philosophy of Human Person,
Manila, Phoenix Publishing House, 2016
LESSON OUTLINE
I. INTRODUCTION │MOTIVATION
Brainstorming: In pairs, discuss your views about this excerpt:

Ako ay Ako

….Kaya kong itapon o was akin ang hindi akma

at panatilihin ang mga naakma
at lumikha o kumatha ng mga bago, kapalit ng mga itinapon o winasak.
Ako ay nakakakita, nakaririning, nakadarama, nakaisip, nakapagsasalita at nakakagawa.
Ako ay may kakayahan upang mabuhay at maging malapit sa kapwa.
Maging kapaki-pakinanabang at makaimpluwensiya sa mga tao at mga bagay.
Ako ang nagmamay-ari sa akin, samakatuwid kaya kong pamahalaan ang aking sarili,
Ako ay ako at ako ay okay.

II. INSTRUCTION │DELIVERY

The Human Person as an Embodied Spirit

A. Hinduism

At the heart of Hinduism lies the idea of human beings’ quest for absolute truth,
so that one’s soul and the Brahman or Atman (Absolute Spirit) might become one. For
Indians, God first created sound and the universe arose from it. As the most sacred sound,
The Aum is the root of the universe and everything that exists and it continues to hold
everything together.

According to Hinduism, human beings have a dual in nature: One is Spiritual and
immortal essence (soul) and the others are empirical life and character.

Hindus believe that the soul is eternal but is bound by the law of karma (Action of
the world of matter, which it can escape only after spiritual progress through an endless
series of births. God allots rewards and punishments to all beings according to their karma,
Puligandla, 1997.) Like a prisoner, enclosed in within the wall of his prison, a human
being’s soul can be said to be temporarily encased in his body. Thus, humanity’s basic goal
in life is liberation (moksha) of the spirit (jiva).

Hinduism holds that humanity’s life is a continuous cycle (samsara).

 Transmigation or metempsychosis is a doctrine that adheres to the belief that a person’s
soul passes into some other creature, human or animal.

There will be no end to this cycle unless the individual exerts efforts to break away
or liberate one’s spirit from the monotonous cycle. Ultimate liberation, that is, freedom from
rebirth, is achieved the moment the individual attains that stage of life emancipation, from
which inevitably arises a total realization by the individual if spiritual nature as well as the
transient character of the body.

Moksha, thus, is an enlightened state wherein one attains one’s true selfhood and
finds oneself one with the One, the Ultimate Reality, and the All-Comprehensive Reality:
Brahman.
This Hindu’s view of humanity’s reality places a lot of emphasis on the attainment
of self-knowledge. The goal of human life as conceived by different Upanishads is to
overcome congenital ignorance.

True knowledge (vidya) consists an understanding and realization of the

individual’s real self (atman). Only Brahman is real; everything else is illusory manifestation
of it. The concept of atman or no self is a correlative belief. This means that “I” or the self is
an illusion, for each true self is one with Brahman. When we realize this unity with the
absolute, we realize our true destiny.

Four primary values:

1. Wealth
2. Pleasure
3. Duty
4. Enlightenment

Wealth and Pleasure are worldly values, but when kept in perspective they are
good and desirable. The spiritual value of duty or righteousness refers to patience,
sincerity, fairness, love, honesty and other similar values. Enlightenment, by which one is
illuminated and liberated and most importantly, finds release from the wheel of existence.
Repeated existence is the destiny of those who do not achieve enlightenment.

Finally, to understand enlightenment, one must understand the law of karma, the
law of sowing and reaping. All of us, through what we do or not do, supposedly determine
our destiny. The wheel of existence turns until we achieve enlightenment, after which we
are released from this series of rebirth.

III. APPLICATION (SYNTHESIS)

1. What is the idea of Hinduism concerning the human person as an embodied spirit?
2. According to Hinduism, how do we end or liberate one’s spirit in this monotonous cycle?
3. What is karma? Explain clearly and briefly.

IV. GENERALIZATION (CONCEPT)

Hinduism believes that the soul is eternal but is bound by the law of karma. The
action of the world of matter, which it can escape only after spiritual progress through an
endless series of births. God allots rewards and punishments to all beings according to
their karma.

V. EVALUATION

Answer the following questions:

1. What is the Law of Karma?

2. This is the root of the universe and everything that exists and it continues to hold everything together.
The Aum
3. What is the Absolute Soul called in Hinduism? Brahman
4. Humanity’s basic goal in life is the liberation or? Moksha
5. According to Hinduism, humanity’s life is a continuous cycle, and that is? Samsara
6. Metempsychosis is a doctrine that states that a person’s soul passes into different phases. What are
these? Animal, Creature, Human
7.
8.
9. This is a great epic that introduces principal concepts of Hinduism? Mahabharata
10. This is an event that a person finally finds release from the wheel of existence. Enlightenment
 VI. ASSIGNMENT/ HOMEWORK

For your assignment, write at least five (5) facts about Buddhism and study for a quiz next meeting.

REMARKS