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B A H I R D A R U N I V E R S I T Y _I L A

DEPARTMENT OF A R C H I T E C T U
RE

U R B A N P L N N I N G ll
Literature review on:

CHALLENGES OF URBAN AREA


SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT
In the case of addis abeba _koshae sefer
BY AKLILU BEKELE LEMMA_ ID 0600148
SUMITTED TO INS TADELE_ October 2017
Contents
INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................................. 3
1ANALYS ........................................................................................................................................................ 4
1.1 COLLECTION OF SOLID WASTE ............................................................................................................ 4
1.2TRANSPORTING OF SOLID WASTE ....................................................................................................... 4
1.3 DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE ................................................................................................................ 5
2 THE MAJOR PROBLEMS FACED CHALLENGES ASSOCIATED WITH THE DISPOSAL SITE ARE ...................... 5
3 CONCLUSION .............................................................................................................................................. 6
INTRODUCTION

A sustainable urban planning is the key in order to have a good challenge free urban areas.

Collecting and managing solid waste is an important challenge for developing countries like Ethiopia.
Addis Ababa, the capital city of Ethiopia, has one of the fastest growing populations. The population has
leaped from 15,000 to 4 million since its establishment of city. So the problem is often magnified in cities
like Addis Ababa where a dense concentration of people leads to a substantial amount of solid waste
generation which cause a big challenge for urban planning. The literature review mainly focused on the
analysis and conclusions of solid waste in Addis Ababa on the case area of “ KOSHAE Sefer” as an main
big challenge of urban area. Finally, I would like to say Rest in peace of their soul who were killed and God
heal you for those injured and for killed by the accident caused by landslide of the solid waste mountain
on” Koshae sefer”.
ANALYSIS

Addis Ababa generates a solid waste of 0.4kg/c/day. More than 200,000t of solid waste collected each
year and about 550t/day from all 60% of the total waste collected. Know municipality increased the
collection rate from 60% to 80%. The city is divided in to 549 zones each zone comprising 800-
1000households. The number of enterprises organized to work on solid waste collection is 520 with a total
number of 5815 operators

Sources of the solid Waste generated from:

-76% households,

-18% institutions-commercial, factories, hotels and 6% is street sweeping.

-6% is street sweeping and dust bins

1.1 COLLECTION OF SOLID WASTE

The Municipality has placed several garbage containers and spends large portion of its budget on
collection, transport, and disposal of solid waste. The city is divided in to 549 zones each zone comprising
800-1000households. The number of enterprises organized to work on solid waste collection is 520 with
a total number of 5815 operators.

The waste collection services achieved in to two sub-systems:

1.1.1 Primary collection- is done by micro and small enterprises. Payment is Volume based rate (30
birr/m3).
1.1.2 Secondary collection- is done by municipality

1.2 TRANSPORTING OF SOLID WASTE

Both the private sectors and Municipality transports solid waste from garbage containers to the final
dumping site but the role of private sector on transportation of solid waste is highly limited.
1.3 DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE

There is currently in Addis Ababa one open dumpsite where all collected solid waste is disposed off. The
site is known as "Rappi" or "Koshe" which is South West part of the city. Located 13 km away from the
center of the city. It has been established 47 years ago with a surface area of 25 hectares

2 THE MAJOR PROBLEMS FACED CHALLENGES ASSOCIATED WITH THE DISPOSAL


SITE ARE:
The following are the major challenges for the urban area of “ koshe sefer”

 The site is getting fully: due rapid population growth


 Proximity to the city
 Surrounded by housing: cause as a hazard for the dwellers who live near to it Which is a recent
memory
 Nuisance and health hazard for the urban people living nearby
 No odor or vector control: causes bad smell of the area for the dwellers and pedestrians.
 No fence: causes the waste to run off and make dirt for the urban area.
 No daily cover with soil
 No leachate containment or treatment:
 No rainwater drain-off:
 No weigh bridge, inaccurate weighing of waste
 No municipal waste collection and treating: more than 200 - 300 waste pickers per day, work
continuously and obviously living nearby the site and interfering the operation of the work for
collection of salvageable materials such as wood, scrap metals and discarded food. Which cause
danger of their life.
CONCLUSION

In order to have a sustainable development balancing of the needs for land for development, with the
amount of land available, and with compromising the future needs of land are the key criteria for
sustainable urban planning development and use. But unwise planning development affects the
sustainability development like raised in Addis Ababa_kosha sefer area. of the development When of
planning a solid waste disposal.

Urban planners should consider sustainable urban planning for the sustainable development. In order to
have a sustainable development the planners should see the economic, social and environmental
dimensions. And implement on their planning .

Knowing the current situation and guessing the future urban level of the urban development is what
expected to urban planner. Knowing current needs used for overcoming and solving the challenges of
urban area and the future needs for consideration of the future needs and estimating the future urban
sprawl development.

Therefore the planners should locate such waste disposal area by planned in a very detail manner

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