Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
Documenti di Cultura
Job Reports.
JOB
D ER E P O R T
REPORT
RB
JE O
The BW 332 DEEP IMPACT has been shown to achieve
a compaction depth of 4 m on job-site applications.
2
B O M A G J o b R e p o r t s B W 3 3 2 D E E P I M PA C T
3
The most powerful single drum roller in the
world.
The BW 332 DEEP IMPACT has taken BOMAG to another level in soil compaction. With an operating
weight of 32 tonnes and extra powerful vibration forces, BOMAG design engineers were aiming to set
new standards for compaction at depth. Here we present the most important results following the
first year of on-site field experience:
The concept
To reach the maximum compaction depth simply
by increasing the weight of the roller was not the 1. BOMAG VARIOCONTROL
answer. New ideas were needed to channel the 2. BOMAG polygonal drum
force into the soil to optimum effect. Two technolo-
gies exclusive to BOMAG made the difference:
4
B O M A G J o b R e p o r t s B W 3 3 2 D E E P I M PA C T
Site experience
1. RWE Power.
The lignite deposits in the Rhine region are an important source of Germany‘s power supply. Here
RWE Power AG operates the Inden open cast mine, among others. Firstly, the overlying rock is
removed by large bucket wheel excavators to expose the coal seams underneath. The excavated
material is deposited by spreaders over mine areas where coal has already been removed. Deposited
material is not usually compacted.
Compaction is only carried out in special cases; and assessed by the renowned Prof. Dr. Düllmann
for example, if large volumes are to be removed GmbH engineering consultancy.
from an area that has just been covered. This was
the case, for example, for the new build of the Material: medium and coarsely grained sand;
‚belt collection point‘ (a kind of „shunting station“ densely layered
for the conveyor belt systems). Here, RWE Power Height: approx. 40 metres, mainly loose layers,
AG carried out trials with a BW 332, accompanied tipping/settlement nearly completed
The BW 332 DEEP IMPACT at the Inden open cast mine; in the background, a „spreader“ depositing overburden.
6
B O M A G J o b R e p o r t s B W 3 3B2F D6E0E0PF Ii M
n iPsAhCe Tr
Three trial strips were prepared and compacted gated depth of 5 m the layer density increased
with a different number of passes: 6, 10 and 16. In from loose to medium
total, 35 standard penetration tests were carried Q Lowering the ground level between 14 and 22 cm
out to a depth of 5 m before and after compaction Source: Prof. Dr. Düllmann, Geotechnisches Büro GmbH
factor indicates the compaction effect of the roller Q Large increase in compaction in the middle sec-
Optimum compaction was achieved with 10 So BOMAG now offers an interesting alternative
passes. Additional passes had no further effect. to previous methods, e.g. drop plates or impact
compactors for use in open cast mines. Compared
The result with 10 passes to these methods, the BW 332 can be used far more
Q Deeper than 5 m an improvement factor of 3.2 flexibly and cost-effectively. Costs per m3 fall con-
was achieved siderably; surface area coverage increases. The
Q Between 1 and 1.5 m depth the improvement BW 332 can be operated in the same way as a
factor was 6.5 standard single drum roller.
Q At a depth of up to 4 m an improvement factor of
Number of impacts in the standard penetration test N10 Improvement factor [-]
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
0,0 0,0
0,5 0,5
1,0 1,0
1,5 1,5
2,0 2,0
Depth [m]
Depth [m]
2,5 2,5
3,0 3,0
3,5 3,5
4,0 4,0
4,5 4,5
5,0 5,0
DPL results before and after compaction; 10 passes. Note: the Improvement factors for 10 passes. Even at a depth of 4 m,
significant increase between depths of 1 and 2 metres. a of over 2 is achieved – i.e. double the number of impacts.
7
2. Metz (co.): warehouse in Zweibrücken.
Metz from Saarland is a typical medium-sized construction company. For the construction of a new
warehouse in Zweibrücken the soil had to meet load-bearing requirements. The problem: the uncom-
pacted fill was made up of sand stone (SU-GU). Normally, the material would have been removed,
replaced in layers and compacted: a lengthy and expensive operation.
So Metz decided to use a BW 332. The result: The ding the working width to 2.4 m 15% higher output
entire compaction work on a total of 12,000 m2 was gained compared to conventional rollers. The
was completed in just 3 days. Simply by exten- key advantage was however: no material had to be
0 10 20
0
7 11
8
11 11
8 17
13 14
50
12 22
13 21
14 24
17 23
11 10
100
12 17
12 20
15 23
13 23
17 24
150
14 19
Depth [m]
10 16
7 23
12 21
17 19
200
13 19
17
14 19
11 22
15 25
250
19 23
13 24
17 20
12 20
15 17
300
14 19
11 23
13 24
17 20
15 18
350
Metz, Zweibrücken project: the comparison of the number of impacts before (green) and after (red) compaction confirms the effectiveness of the BW 332
DEEP IMPACT up to a depth of 3.5 m.
8
B O M A G J o b R e p o r t s B W 3 3 2 D E E P I M PA C T
moved; direct post-compaction of the foundation that the BW 332 was producing the required load
soil could be carried out. This meant that dozers capacity without the need to export materials. The
and loaders, etc., were unnecessary. necessary loosening of the top 40 cm, typical for
the polygonal drum, was compacted afterwards by
The S-BB engineering consultancy monitored a conventional single drum roller. Overall, the total
compaction using the standard penetration test. cost of the project was reduced significantly.
Even at a depth of 3 m, an improvement factor of
1.8. was still noticed. An increase in layer density
was achieved at the required depth which means
Variant A: Variant B:
compaction with a 12 t single drum roller compaction with BW 332 DI
Step 1 Step 1
Remove loosely placed soil Use the BW 332 to post-compact the existing
and place at the side fill with no further earthworks
Q Remove by bulldozer Q Compaction with BOMAG BW 332
BauCom from Bautzen had completely different reasons for wanting to use a BW 332. A new factory
hall was to be built in Dresden. The client: Globalfoundries, a computer chip manufacturer. The re-
quirement for the machine was the unusual feature in this case: only static compaction was permit-
ted as not even the slightest vibration was acceptable during production at the chip factory.
The result:
Although the entire capacity of the machine was not required for this job, it certain-
ly demonstrated an interesting field of application. With its great weight and clever
drum geometry, the BW 332 DI can combine low vibration compaction and output
in static operation like no other roller.
If there are vulnerable structures in the area – e.g. like this pipeline – the BW 332 is also capable of operating very smoothly. VARIOCONTROL
allows the amplitude to be adjusted gradually. With the polygonal drum and extremely high linear load outstanding compaction performance is
achieved, if required, even without vibration.
10
B O M A G J o b R e p o r t s B W 3 3B2F D6E0E0PF Ii M
n iPsAhCe Tr
Maximum compaction power is required for the new Erfurt-Halle ICE route. The foundation soil is
void-rich gypsum keuper. The voids are to be filled to ensure structural load capacity. This is a difficult
task due to the extremely hard material, in parts as hard as concrete, caused by the leached gypsum.
So Heilit + Wörner, the contractor, tested the The entire process was documented with BOMAG
BW 332 DEEP IMPACT. Two engineering firms COMPACTION MANAGEMENT BCM 05. The BCM 05
following the trials on behalf of the client and creates complete compaction maps. With the aid
contractor confirmed the roller‘s outstanding of a tablet PC and a GPS receiver it documents the
performance. Under powerful vibration the voids compaction achieved and number of passes in real
collapsed and were consolidated. The BW 332 time. This ensured that no section was missed and
DEEP IMPACT was used on this site for several that all voids were compacted adequately. The
months, producing a load-bearing, safe substrata. BW 332 is pre-equipped as standard for use wih
There is no more cost-effective alternative process BCM 05.
to compare with this method.
11
5. Berlin construction waste landfill site;
crushing operations.
In a site trial at the Großziethen landfill site at the gates of Berlin, the BW 332 showed unique
strengths.
In action: reducing building rubble volumes with the BW 332 DEEP IMPACT.
For the new construction of the B51 on the Besseringen bypass the client‘s specifications were clear: as
the subsoil made up of fine-grained (silty) sand was only in loose layers as deep as 3 m, 1 m of soil was to
be removed and replaced with a 0/200 rock fill. This structure was to act as support for the embankment.
An EV2 of 80 MN/m² was specified on the surface layer.
After consulting with the BOMAG application spe- Q Compensation for the required settlements with
cialists, Backes (from Tholey) decided to submit an 0/200 rock fill to achieve the required height
alternative offer:
Q No material removal The client first had to be convinced of the robust-
Q Compaction of the existing soil with the BW 332 ness of this alternative proposal, so a trial field
Q Thus, increased layer density and in turn suf- was prepared. The three tracks were worked with
ficient storage conditions 6, 8 and 10 passes. For the trials, the water con-
13
tent was slightly less than the optimum 12.2 %; The depth effect depends on the number of
the dry density was 1.7 t/m³. The engineers from passes:
the geotechnical office of Dr. Jung and Lang made Q 1.2 m with 4 passes
Q The material can be compacted with the se- (Note: more passes may have increased com-
lected method paction; see experience at RWE Power)
Q In just 4 passes a mean compaction rate of Q The reduction in volume of this material can be
after 4 passes; more passes had little additional The engineers’ final recommendation:
benefit “After 8 passes there were no more areas at risk
Q In contrast, the settlements and number of im- of settlement to a depth of at least 2 m. Proceed-
pacts of the standard penetration test continued ing according to the construction contract by
improving with more passes adding rock fill would not have ruled out areas still
6. Pass
5. Pass
4. Pass 1 Pass
4m
3. Pass
2. Pass
1. Pass
1. Übergang
Where a 10 t roller requires 6 passes, the BOMAG BW 332 succeeds in just one.
14
B O M A G J o b R e p o r t s B W 3 3 2 D E E P I M PA C T
So to end:
The results from the compaction trials show that higher quality can be attained
in terms of density of the sandy layers in the subsoil. This is due to the depth
effect achieved using a BOMAG single drum roller with polygonal drum; more-
over, this is greater than the result specified in the construction contract.
Geotechnical office of Dr. Jung and Lang