MODULE I

DETERMINING SPECIFIC GRAVITY OF GAS AND SPECIFIC GRAVITY

OF OIL
PRACTICAL REPORT

Name : Natya Vira Cahyarini

NIM : 12217077
Group : Group 2 (Tuesday 16.00-18.00)
Practical Date : November 6th 2018
Tanggal Penyerahan : November 12th 2018
Dosen : Zuher Syihab, S.T, Ph.D.
Asisten Modul : Muhammad Irfan Ibrahim 12215011
Susantry 12215020

LABORATORIUM ANALISIS FLUIDA RESERVOIR

PROGRAM STUDI TEKNIK PERMINYAKAN
FAKULTAS TEKNIK PERTAMBANGAN DAN PERMINYAKAN
2018

1
 TABLE OF CONTENT

TABLE OF CONTENT ................................................................................................................................. 2

TABLE LIST .................................................................................................................................................. 3
PICTURE LIST .............................................................................................................................................. 4
CHAPTER I.................................................................................................................................................... 5
INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................................................... 5
I. MODULE TITLE ............................................................................................................................... 5
II. PRACTICAL WORK OBJECTIVE ............................................................................................. 5
III. FUNDAMENTAL THEORY......................................................................................................... 5
IV. TOOLS AND MATERIALS .......................................................................................................... 8
CHAPTER II ................................................................................................................................................ 10
DATA PROCESSING .................................................................................................................................. 10
I. EXPERIMENTAL DATA ............................................................................................................... 10
II. DATA PROCESSING .................................................................................................................. 10
CHAPTER III............................................................................................................................................... 14
ANALYSIS ................................................................................................................................................... 14
I. ASUMPTIONS ................................................................................................................................. 14
II. ANALYSIS .................................................................................................................................... 14
CHAPTER IV ............................................................................................................................................... 19
CONCLUSIONS........................................................................................................................................... 19
I. SPECIFIC GRAVITY OF GAS ...................................................................................................... 19
II. SPECIFIC GRAVITY OF OIL ................................................................................................... 19
CHAPTER V ................................................................................................................................................ 20
IMPRESSION AND SUGGESTION .......................................................................................................... 20
I. FOR ASISTANT............................................................................................................................... 20
II. FOR PRACTICAL WORK ......................................................................................................... 21
REFERENCES ............................................................................................................................................. 22

2
 TABLE LIST

Table 1 Experimental Data Flow Time of Each Type of Gas ...................................................... 10

Table 2 Experimental Data of API degree ..................................................................................... 10
Table 3 Experimental Data of Mass Sample ................................................................................. 10
Table 4 Data Processing of Gas Specific Gravity .......................................................................... 11
Table 5 Data Processing of Oil Specific Gravity ........................................................................... 13

3
 PICTURE LIST

Figure 1 Parts of Effusiometer .......................................................................................................... 7

Figure 2 Positions of Valve ................................................................................................................ 7
Figure 3 Graph Correlation Between SG and Temperature ....................................................... 13
Figure 4 Effusiometer ...................................................................................................................... 15
Figure 5 Part of Effusiometer ......................................................................................................... 15

4
 CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

I. MODULE TITLE
DETERMINING SPECIFIC GRAVITY OF GAS AND SPECIFIC GRAVITY OF OIL

II. PRACTICAL WORK OBJECTIVE

A. Specific Gravity of Gas
1. Understand the physical properties of gases : specific gravity, density, viscosity,
and gas compressibility factor.
2. Determine specific gravity of gases by using effusion method.
3. Determine the physical properties of gas fluid.
4. Knowing the function of gas SG parameter in the petroleum industry.
B. Specific Gravity of Oil
1. Determine specific gravity of crude oil.
2. Knowing the effect of temperature on specific gravity of crude oil.

III. FUNDAMENTAL THEORY

A. Specific Gravity of Gas

There are two gas laws that underlie this stage, namely Graham's effusion / diffusion
law and Avogadro's law. Both of these laws produce time that can be used to determine the
specific gravity of a gas sample.
Graham's diffusion / effusion law was discovered in 1830. In principle, this law states
that the flow of effusion and gas diffusion of two gases at the same temperature and pressure
will be inversely proportional to the square root of its density. Mathematically it can come out
with the equation:

V1 d2

V2 d1

Where: V = speed of diffusion / gas effusion

d = Gas density
(Subscript 1 and 2 show different gases)
Whereas Avogadro's law states that under certain conditions of pressure, temperature
and volume, the density of a gas is directly proportional to its molecular weight.
Mathematically can be stated by:
5
 d1 M 2

d2 M1
Where: M = molecular weight of gas
Effusion and diffusion occur when there are two different physical conditions and both
are related. This symptom can occur because of the tendency to equalize each other.
Determination of the specific gravity of the gas in this experiment was carried out by
comparing the gas flow time of the sample with dry air. The assumption used is that the
pressure and temperature during the experiment persist.
Diffusion is a process of spontaneously equating a state of physical state from a high
concentration to a low concentration. When diffusion involves different substances, it will
lead to mixing particles so that they are uniformly distributed. While effusion is a process of
diffusion through narrow gaps (pores), or in this experiment effusion is defined as the
movement of gas particles through narrow slits or pores.
In this experiment gas specific gravity will be determined by the effusion method as
stated in Graham's law, that the velocity of gas molecules is a function of concentration or
density. This can be illustrated as shown below:
E E E
…….|……. ......|...... .……|. . . . .
…….|……. ......|...... ……|. . . . .
…….|……. ......|...... ……|. . . . .
F F F
1 2 3
In Figures 1 and 2 the net displacement of molecules through the normal field EF is
zero, meaning that the number of molecules that move from the left will be the same as the
number of molecules from the right. This is because the left gas concentration is the same as
the right side. Figure 3 shows the net displacement of molecules not equal to zero, because
the rate of displacement from the left is not the same as from the right. Graham's combined
law and Avogadro's law for the same distance effusion process are obtained:

V12 t2 2 M 2 d 2
  
V2 2 t12 M 1 d1
From the above equation it can be seen that gas specific gravity is defined as the ratio
of the molecular weight of the gas to the weight of the dry air molecule at the same pressure
and temperature.
In this experiment effusionometer was used. SG prices obtained from calculations
using experimental data data must be corrected for the following parameters:
6
  Dry vapor pressure, W (mmHg)
 Space pressure, P (mmHg))
 Average pressure, p (mmHg)

t 
2
W  t  2 
SG   2   0.627
*
 2   1
 t1  P  p W  t1  

Where SG * is the SG price after being corrected.

2
 t2 
  equal to the SG price calculated (before correction).
 t1 

Figure 1 Parts of Effusiometer

Figure 2 Positions of Valve

B. Specific Gravity of Oil

Specific gravity of crude oil can be determined by the hydrometer, SG Balance, or

Picnometer, depending on the accuracy desired. The hydrometer is not as thorough as SG
7
 Balance and Picnometer but is practical and its accuracy is quite acceptable. While SG
Balance is faster than Picnometer, but the results need to be corrected for temperature.
Hydrometer Concept
The hydrometer is immersed into the sample to be measured. This tool uses the
Archimedes principle. Sometimes the hydrometer is equipped with a thermometer so that
temperature correction can be done if needed.
The hydrometer method is very good for determining density, SG (relative density) or
API Gravity from transparent and mobile liquid. There are two types of Hydrometers:
1. Plain type
2. Thermo-hydrometer
The use of picnometers in determining specific gravity requires a volume of
picnometers and a difference in the weight of a picnometer that contains a sample with a
weight of an empty picnometer. The calculation results with this picnometer directly show
the density of the sample.

IV. TOOLS AND MATERIALS

A. Specific Gravity of Gas
1. Effusiometer
2. Stopwatch
3. Thermometer
4. Tube of CO2 and N2 gas
5. Compressor
6. Water
7. Air
8. Gas of CO2 and N2
B. Specific Gravity of Oil
1. Hydrometer
2. Picnometer
3. 1 L and 100 ml beaker glass
4. Measuring cup
5. Funnel
6. Heater
7. Wooden Clips
8. 2 pieces of thermometer

8
9. Stirring rod
10. Scales
11. Sample of crude oil
12. Water

9
 CHAPTER II

DATA PROCESSING

I. EXPERIMENTAL DATA
A. Specific Gravity of Gas
Measuring time
No Type of Gas Average of time (s)
t1 (s) t2 (s)
1. Dry Air 48 48 48
2. N2 50 50 50
3. CO2 44 44 44
Table 1 Experimental Data Flow Time of Each Type of Gas

W (mmHg) = 0.029
P (mmHg) = 760
p (mmHg) = 10

B. Specific Gravity of Oil

 Determining Specific Gravity of Crude Oil by Using Hydrometer

Formation Water (Temperature=25°C) 9.1°API

Crude Oil (Temperature=25.5°C) 25.1°API
Table 2 Experimental Data of API degree

 Determining Specific Gravity of Crude Oil by Using Picnometer

Weight of Empty Picnometer 21.57 gram

Weight of Picnometer + Water 47.76 gram
Weight of Picnometer + Crude Oil (Temperature=26°C) 45.24 gram
Weight of Picnometer + Crude Oil (Temperature=56°C) 44.87 gram
Table 3 Experimental Data of Mass Sample

II. DATA PROCESSING

A. Specific Gravity of Gas
 Looking for Specific Gravity by using effusion method:
We can use combination of Graham’s Law and Avogadro’s Law for determining
specific gravity of gases without correction. Formulas as follows:

10
 𝑣12 𝑡22 𝜌2 𝑀𝑟2
𝑆𝐺 = 2 = 2 = =
𝑣2 𝑡1 𝜌1 𝑀𝑟1

 Looking for Specific Gravity and density of N2 gas:

𝜌𝑁2 𝑡𝑁2 2 502

𝑆𝐺𝑁2 = = 2 = = 1.0851
𝜌𝑢𝑑𝑎𝑟𝑎 𝑡𝑢𝑑𝑎𝑟𝑎 482

𝑘𝑔
𝜌𝑁2 = 𝑆𝐺𝑁2 × 𝜌𝑢𝑑𝑎𝑟𝑎 = 1.0851 × 1.225 = 1.32924 𝑘𝑔/𝑚3
𝑚3

 Looking for Specific Gravity and density of CO2 gas:

2
𝜌𝐶𝑂2 𝑡𝐶𝑂 442
𝑆𝐺𝐶𝑂2 = = 2 2 = 2 = 0.84028
𝜌𝑢𝑑𝑎𝑟𝑎 𝑡𝑢𝑑𝑎𝑟𝑎 48

𝑘𝑔
𝜌𝐶𝑂2 = 𝑆𝐺𝐶𝑂2 × 𝜌𝑢𝑑𝑎𝑟𝑎 = 0.84028 × 1.225 3
= 1.029343 𝑘𝑔/𝑚3
𝑚

 Calculate the correction of Specific Gravity of N2 gas:

𝑊
𝑆𝐺𝑁∗ 2 = 𝑆𝐺𝑁2 + 0.627 × × (𝑆𝐺𝑁2 − 1)
𝑃+𝑝−𝑊

0.029
𝑆𝐺𝑁∗ 2 = 1.0851 + 0.627 × × (1.0851 − 1) = 1.08510201
760 + 10 − 0.029

𝑆𝐺𝑁∗ 2 − 𝑆𝐺𝑁2 1.08510201 − 1.0851

𝑒𝑟𝑟𝑜𝑟 = × 100% = × 100% = 1.85236 × 10−4 %
𝑆𝐺𝑁2 1.0851

 Calculate the correction of Specific Gravity of CO2 gas:

∗
𝑊
𝑆𝐺𝐶𝑂 = 𝑆𝐺𝐶𝑂2 + 0.627 × × (𝑆𝐺𝐶𝑂2 − 1)
2
𝑃+𝑝−𝑊

∗
0.029
𝑆𝐺𝐶𝑂 = 0.84028 + 0.627 × × (0.84028 − 1) = 0.8402762282
2
760 + 10 − 0.029
∗
𝑆𝐺𝐶𝑂 − 𝑆𝐺𝐶𝑂2 0.8402762282 − 0.84028
𝑒𝑟𝑟𝑜𝑟 = 2
× 100% = × 100% = −4.488742 × 10−4 %
𝑆𝐺𝐶𝑂2 0.84028

Besaran SG SG* Galat

N2 1.0851 1.08510201 1.85236 × 10−4 %
CO2 0.84028 0.8402762282 −4.488742 × 10−4 %
Table 4 Data Processing of Gas Specific Gravity

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B. Specific Gravity of Oil
 Determining Specific Gravity of Crude Oil by Using Hydrometer
Looking for Specific Gravity of formation water:
141.5
°𝐴𝑃𝐼 = − 131.5
𝛾
141.5 141.5
𝛾 𝑜𝑓 𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑚𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟 = = = 1.0064
°𝐴𝑃𝐼 + 131.5 9.1 + 131.5
Looking for Specific Gravity of crude oil (25.5°C):
141.5
°𝐴𝑃𝐼 = − 131.5
𝛾
141.5 141.5
𝛾 𝑜𝑓 𝑐𝑟𝑢𝑑𝑒 𝑜𝑖𝑙 (25.5℃) = = = 0.903576
°𝐴𝑃𝐼 + 131.5 25.1 + 131.5
 Determining Specific Gravity of Crude Oil by Using Picnometer
Looking for volume of pycnometer :

𝑤𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟 = 47.76 𝑔𝑟 − 21.57 𝑔𝑟 = 26.19 𝑔𝑟

𝑔𝑟
𝑎𝑠𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑒 ∶ 𝜌 𝑜𝑓 𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟 = 1
𝑚𝑙

𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟
𝜌 𝑜𝑓 𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟 =
𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑝𝑖𝑐𝑛𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟

𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 26.19 𝑔𝑟
𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑝𝑖𝑐𝑛𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟 = = = 26.19 𝑚𝑙
𝜌 1 𝑔𝑟/𝑚𝑙

Looking for density of each crude oil:

𝑤𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑐𝑟𝑢𝑑𝑒 𝑜𝑖𝑙 (26℃) = 45.24 𝑔𝑟 − 21.57 𝑔𝑟 = 23.67 𝑔𝑟

𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑐𝑟𝑢𝑑𝑒 𝑜𝑖𝑙 (26℃) 23.67 𝑔𝑟

𝜌 𝑜𝑓 𝑐𝑟𝑢𝑑𝑒 𝑜𝑖𝑙 (26℃) = = = 0.90378 𝑔𝑟/𝑚𝑙
𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑝𝑖𝑐𝑛𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟 26.19 𝑚𝑙

𝑤𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑐𝑟𝑢𝑑𝑒 𝑜𝑖𝑙 (56℃) = 44.87 𝑔𝑟 − 21.57 𝑔𝑟 = 23.3 𝑔𝑟

𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑐𝑟𝑢𝑑𝑒 𝑜𝑖𝑙 (56℃) 23.3 𝑔𝑟

𝜌 𝑜𝑓 𝑐𝑟𝑢𝑑𝑒 𝑜𝑖𝑙 (56℃) = = = 0.88965 𝑔𝑟/𝑚𝑙
𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑝𝑖𝑐𝑛𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟 26.19 𝑚𝑙

Looking for Specific Gravity of each crude oil:

𝜌 𝑜𝑓 𝑐𝑟𝑢𝑑𝑒 𝑜𝑖𝑙 (26℃) 0.90378 𝑔𝑟/𝑚𝑙

𝛾 𝑜𝑓 𝑐𝑟𝑢𝑑𝑒 𝑜𝑖𝑙 (26℃) = = = 0.90378
𝜌 𝑜𝑓 𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟 1 𝑔𝑟/𝑚𝑙

𝜌 𝑜𝑓 𝑐𝑟𝑢𝑑𝑒 𝑜𝑖𝑙 (56℃) 0.88965 𝑔𝑟/𝑚𝑙

𝛾 𝑜𝑓 𝑐𝑟𝑢𝑑𝑒 𝑜𝑖𝑙 (56℃) = = = 0.88965
𝜌 𝑜𝑓 𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟 1 𝑔𝑟/𝑚𝑙
12
 𝛾 𝑜𝑓 𝑐𝑟𝑢𝑑𝑒 𝑜𝑖𝑙 (26℃) 0.90378
𝛾 𝑜𝑓 𝑐𝑟𝑢𝑑𝑒 𝑜𝑖𝑙 (56℃) 0.8896
Table 5 Data Processing of Oil Specific Gravity

 Determining correlation between specific gravity and temperature :

Correlation between SG and Temperature

0,905

0,9
Specific Gravity

0,895

0,89

0,885

0,88
26 56
Temperature

Figure 3 Graph Correlation Between SG and Temperature

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 CHAPTER III

ANALYSIS

I. ASUMPTIONS
 Constant Temperature is 60°F
 Constant gravity is 9.8 m/s2
 Density of water is 1 gr/ml
 Density of gas is 1.225 kg/m3
 Dry vapor pressure is 0.029 mmHg
 Standard condition pressure 760 mmHg
 Average pressure 10 mmHg
 Molecular weight of dry air is 29 gr/mol
 Gas compressor only consist of dry air
 All tools in clean and good condition
 There are no contamination in sample
 The measurement of stopwatch stopped exactly when the air is touching the limit

II. ANALYSIS
A. Specific Gravity of Gas
1. Tools
All tools that has been used in this experiment is in a good condition. The
functions and working principle of the main tools in this experiment of measuring
specific gravity are :
 Effusiometer
Effusiometer is a tool to measure specific gravity of gas by using effusion and
diffusion principle by Graham and Avogadro’s Law. This tools consist of
tubes and valves. Effusion and diffusion occur when there are two different
physical conditions and both are related. We can determine specific gravity
of gas in this experiment by comparing gas flow time of sample with dry air.

14
 Figure 4 Effusiometer

Figure 5 Part of Effusiometer

2. Practical Work
At the first of specific gravity of gas experiment, we all measure the dry air
flow time limit. We measure it as the reference data of specific gravity of dry air.
We measure twice to make sure that the flow time is correct. After that we do
bleed of effusiometer to make sure all of dry gas out from the pipe and ready to
use with another gas. My group are doing next experiment to measure the flow
time of N2 gas and CO2 gas. The gas enter the pipeline and the next enter the small
tube inside effusiometer until the tube full of gas sample. Then we stop supply gas
from gas source and close the valve above effusiometer. The last we open valve
above effusiometer and measure the flow time when water enter the small tube
again between two boundaries.
3. Result
According to the data analysis, I get the specific gravity of each gas those are
SG of N2 gas = 1.0851 and SG of CO2 gas = 0.84028. Beside that I get the density
each gas those are density of N2 gas = 1.32924 kg/m3 and density of CO2 gas =
1.029343 kg/m3. According Graham’s Law and Avogadro’s Law the specific
gravity and density of gas has correlation with their molecular weight, so when
the molecular weight is big so does the specific gravity because the molecular
weight is proportional to the density. Molecular weight of dry air that assume is

15
 29 gr/mol, molecular weight of N2 is 28 gr/mol, and molecular weight of CO2 is
44 gr/mol. But in this experiment data, the value is CO2 gas has small density and
specific gravity than N2 gas. This can be done because of many factors such as :
gas compressibility factor, bleed of process not clean the gas fully, the observation
less accuracy and many more. From this effusiometer experiment we can calculate
specific gravity not only with flow time value but also molecular weight to
compare the result.
B. Specific Gravity of Oil
1. Tools
All tools that has been used in this experiment is in a good condition. The
functions and working principle of the main tools in this experiment of measuring
specific gravity are :
 Hydrometer
Hydrometer is a tool to measure specific gravity by using Archimedes
Principle and immersed itself into the sample to be measured. Hydrometer
shows °API scales and directly read parallel with the surface of the sample.
When we use hydrometer, we can count specific gravity faster than using
pycnometer because we just directly read scale and count it. Error in this
hydrometer is still acceptable.

Figure 6 Hydrometer

 Pycnometer
Pycnometer is a tool to measure specific gravity by calculating mass of
sample and divided by the volume of sample itself. Then after we get the
density of the sample, we compare it with density of water as standard fluid.
We need more time to measure specific gravity of sample if we use
pycnometer because there are more steps to count it. We need to measure

16
 empty pycnometer, then fill it with sample, and after that we count its mass.
But before that we need to calibrate it with water.

Figure 7 Pycnometer

2. Practical Work
At the second experiment, my group calculate specific gravity by using
hydrometer. First of all we measure the formation specific gravity by filling the
measure cup and immersed the hydrometer until it stable vertically. After that we
read the °API scale and note it. After that we measure the crude oil specific gravity
at 25.5°C with the same procedure as before but we change the hydrometer
according to the sample that we want to measure (suitable scale).
At the third experiment, my group calculate specific gravity by using
pycnometer. First of all we calibrate the pycnometer volume by calculating the
mass of water and knowing that the density of water is 1 gr/ml. After we calibrate
the volume of pycnometer we note it to calculate the specific gravity of sample
that we want to measure. Then we measure crude oil density with the same
procedure and doing it twice with different temperature so we can compare the
effect of temperature to the specific gravity of crude oil.
3. Result
According to the data analysis, I get specific gravity of formation water =
1.0064 and specific gravity of crude oil at 25.5°C = 0.903576 by using
hydrometer. The bigger value of °API then smaller value of Specific Gravity
because it inversed proportional value. When we calculate the specific gravity of
sample we can get fast calculation by using hydrometer because we directly get
the °API.
According to the data analysis, I get specific gravity of crude oil with different
temperature, SG crude oil (26°C) = 0.90378 and SG crude oil (56°C) = 0.8896.
From the value that I get, when the temperature increase, the density will be

17
decrease so does the specific gravity. This condition is affected by the fluid
expand but the mass still the same so the density is decrease. This condition can
be observed to by looking the graph at data analysis.
Different value of measuring specific gravity by using hydrometer and
pycnometer is normal because each tools has different accuracy but the error still
can be accepted.

18
 CHAPTER IV

CONCLUSIONS

I. SPECIFIC GRAVITY OF GAS

1. Physical properties of gases :
Specific gravity is the ratio between density of sample that has been measure and
density of reference.
Density is the ratio between mass of sample that has been measure and volume of
sample.
Viscosity is measure of fluid resistance to flow.
Gas factor compressibility is correction factor which describe gas behavior.
2. Specific gravity of gases by using effusion method :
𝑆𝐺𝑁2 = 1.0851
𝑆𝐺𝐶𝑂2 = 0.84028
3. Physical properties of gas fluid consist of density, specific gravity, viscosity, and gas
compressibility factor.
Density of gas that has been measured :
𝑘𝑔
𝜌𝑁2 = 1.32924
𝑚3
𝑘𝑔
𝜌𝐶𝑂2 = 1.029343 3
𝑚
4. The function of gas Specific Gravity parameter in petroleum industry are knowing
the rate of fluids, and steps to produce fluid with different density or specific gravity.

II. SPECIFIC GRAVITY OF OIL

1. Specific gravity of crude oil :
 By using hydrometer
𝑆𝐺 𝑐𝑟𝑢𝑑𝑒 𝑜𝑖𝑙 (25.5℃) = 0.903576
 By using pycnometer
𝑆𝐺 𝑐𝑟𝑢𝑑𝑒 𝑜𝑖𝑙 (26℃) = 0.90378
𝑆𝐺 𝑐𝑟𝑢𝑑𝑒 𝑜𝑖𝑙 (56℃) = 0.8896
2. The effect of temperature on specific gravity of crude oil are when the temperature
increase, the density of crude oil will decrease because of the crude oil expand. So
when temperature increase then the specific gravity of crude oil will decrease.

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 CHAPTER V

IMPRESSION AND SUGGESTION

I. FOR ASISTANT
My first impression to both of assistant, Kak Susantry and Bang Irfan are all kind,
always smile, and little bit make me nervous because module one is my last module of
fluids reservoir class and I don’t want to be kicked in this module by assistant. Any other
my problem is my last module is using English when we have an experiment. I’m scared
that I can’t answer to the question that gave by Kak Susantry or Bang Irfan.

Before I start preliminary test, Kak Susantry feel disappointed to my group because
there are 4 student that didn’t come. I think Kak Susantry got angry to us and will make
our tool test become harder to pass. Besides Kak Susantry noted every student carefully
and said that if we answer three times and wrong, we will be kicked. I really mad at that
time because it English week, the language is different with my daily conversation so I
need to listen carefully every question that given by assistant. When Kak Susantry
question session comes to me fortunately I can answer it without any difficulties but I need
to think longer because the question is in English. After many question has given to my
group, Kak Susantry become relax so I’m not nervous again. After tools test, Kak Susantry
really helpful to us and explain the experiment with detail so we don’t confused at this
experiment. Suggestion to Kak Susantry are I hope that you will be always smile and be
person that easy to help each other. I hope in your last grade in this campus will be happy
and all your problem will be easy to pass. Wish you full of success.

My first impression to Bang Irfan is less talk and I meet Bang Irfan for the first time
is when the experiment started, before that I never see Bang Irfan. I’m sorry maybe I less
active to meet my senior. At first I feel nervous to Bang Irfan because Bang Irfan less talk,
so I think that Bang Irfan keep his image to us. But as long as the tool test, Bang Irfan
really relax people. Bang Irfan never talk in high frequency so I can feel relax too and
think clearly to answer the question by Bang Irfan. In several moment I need more time
to remember the answer for some question, for the example I almost forget the materials
of this module but in the end I remember it. I remember the funny moment at tool test
when one of my friend get question from Bang Irfan, maybe one of my friend feel nervous
so there are misunderstood between Bang Irfan’s question and one of my friend’s answer.
I want to laugh at the moment but I hold it because the situation still serious. Suggestion
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 to Bang Irfan are I hope Bang Irfan still less talk and still help us when experiment is on
going. I hope there are more smiles from Bang Irfan so the situation in the laboratory will
be still relax. I hope in your last year in this campus, Bang Irfan will get more happiness
and success so every problem will be passed easily.

II. FOR PRACTICAL WORK

First impression for this module is I think this module will be easy to do because
specific gravity measurement has ever done before in another module except the
effusiometer but in real condition I still feel difficult because of I forget several things. But
most of all the difficulties comes from the language because we never talk English in our
daily life except when we read text books or literature. I think English week really
challenging because it make us practice more and more. English week in last module train
every people to be confident to speak up in English. I really appreciate it. I suggest there
are more English week in another chance so I can learn to speak English too fluently. I
hope for the next experiment will be more interactive and fun.

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 REFERENCES

Laboratorium Analisa Fluida Reservoir. 2018. Modul Praktikum Analisis Fluida Reservoir.
Bandung : TM ITB.
McCain, William D. 1989. “The Properties of Petroleum Fluids, Second Edition”.
Oklahoma: PannWell Publishing Co.
Siagian, Ucok. 2002. “Diktat Kuliah Fluida Reservoir.” Bandung: TM ITB.

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