MAPEH 102

Philippine & Asian Music

Instructor: Ms. Marisol C. Abanilla, MM, Mus. Ed.
 Grading System

Attendance 10
Quizzes 10
Performance Output 30
Midterms 25
Finals 25
TOTAL 100
 The Philippines, an archipelago of 7,100 islands, is made up of 77 provinces grouped into 16 regions.

Based on religion, the population may be grouped

into three broad categories:
The main groups include
1. Christian groups,
Luzon, the Visayan islands,
2. indigenous religion groups, and
and the Mindanao islands.
3. Muslim groups

The Christian groups are the largest and

are concentrated in the lowlands of Luzon
and the Visayan islands. Indigenous
religion groups are found in upland
northern Luzon, Mindanao and Palawan.

Muslim groups are concentrated in

Mindanao, the Sulu islands and southern
Palawan.

SOURCE: http://ncca.gov.ph/about-ncca-3/subcommissions/subcommission-on-the-arts-sca/music/philippine-music-a-historical-overview/
SOURCE: http://ncca.gov.ph/about-ncca-3/subcommissions/subcommission-on-the-arts-sca/music/philippine-music-a-historical-overview/ Philippine
Music
Although, geographically, the Philippines belongs to the East, its music has been heavily influenced
by the West owing to 333 years of Spanish rule and 45 years of American domination.
Music in the highland and lowland hamlets where indigenous culture continues to thrive has strong
Asian elements.
Spanish and American influences are highly evident in the music of the urban areas.
In discussing Philippine music, three main divisions are apparent:
(1) an old Asian influenced music referred to as the indigenous;
(2) a religious and secular music influenced by Spanish and European forms; and
(3) an American/European inspired classical, semi-classical, and popular music
 What are the
indigenous tribes of
Ati
the Philippines….?
Tirbes of Panay
Lumad

Negrito of Luzon

Bajau

Igorot

Mangyan Tribes of Palawan

 Philippine
The Indigenous music of the Philippines Music

The indigenous traditions are practiced by

about 10% of the population. Eight percent of this
minority comprises While there is no written
some 50 language information about the music
groups of people who in the Philippines before the
live in the mountains of arrival of Magellan in 1521,
northern Luzon and the subsequent reports made
islands of Mindanao,
Sulu, Palawan, and
by friars, civil servants and
Mindoro in southern and travelers include
western Philippines. The descriptions of instrumental
remaining 2% of these and vocal music–sometimes
groups are the Muslims mentioned in passing, other
from Mindanao and times in greater detail.
Sulu.

SOURCE: http://ncca.gov.ph/about-ncca-3/subcommissions/subcommission-on-the-arts-sca/music/philippine-music-a-historical-overview/
 Philippine
The Indigenous music of the Philippines Music

From these documents, various kinds of instruments

made of bronze, bamboo, or wood are cited. These
include gongs of various kinds of size and shapes, drums,
flutes of different types, zithers, lutes, clappers, and
buzzers.

Vocal genres include epics relating genealogies and exploits of

heroes and gods; work songs related to planting, harvesting,
fishing; ritual songs to drive away evil spirits or to invoke
blessings from the good spirits; songs to celebrate festive
occasions particularly marriage, birth, victory at war, or the
settling of tribal disputes; mourning songs for the dead; courting
songs; and children’s game songs. It is this type of music that is
still practiced today by the indigenous groups
SOURCE: http://ncca.gov.ph/about-ncca-3/subcommissions/subcommission-on-the-arts-sca/music/philippine-music-a-historical-overview/
 Philippine
The Spanish-European Influenced Traditions
SOURCE: http://ncca.gov.ph/about-ncca-3/subcommissions/subcommission-on-the-arts-sca/music/philippine-music-a-historical-overview/
Music

With the coming of the Spaniards the

Filipino’s music underwent a transformation
with the influx of western influences,
particularly the Spanish-European culture
prevalent during the 17th to the
19th centuries. The Hispanization during the
succeeding three centuries after 1521 was
tied up with religious conversion.
It effected a change in the people’s
musical thinking and what emerged was a
hybrid expression tinged with Hispanic
flavor. It produced a religious music
connected to and outside the Catholic
liturgy and a European-inspired secular
music adapted by the Filipinos and
reflected in their folk songs and
instrumental music.
 Philippine
The American Influenced Traditions Music

The American regime lasted from

1898 to 1946 during which the
Philippine music underwent another
process of transformation.

The American Influenced Traditions

SOURCE: http://ncca.gov.ph/about-ncca-3/subcommissions/subcommission-on-the-arts-sca/music/philippine-music-a-historical-overview/

In the newly established public school system, music was

included in the curriculum at the elementary and later at
the high school levels. Music conservatories and colleges
were established at the tertiary level. Graduates from
these institutions included the first generation of Filipino
composers whose works were written in western idioms
and forms. Their works and those of the succeeding
generations of Filipino composers represent the classical
art music tradition which continues to flourish today.
 Philippine
Music

Side by side with this classical art music tradition was a lighter
American lifestyle and pop culture gave rise to music
type of music. This semi-classical repertoire includes stylized folk
created by Filipinos using western pop forms. Referred to as
songs, theater music, and instrumental music.
Pinoy pop it includes a wide range of forms: folk songs,
The sarswela tradition produced a large body of music
dance tunes, ballads, Broadway type songs, rock’ n’ roll,
consisting of songs patterned after opera arias of the day as well
disco, jazz, and rap.
as short instrumental overtures and interludes.

The American Influenced Traditions

SOURCE: http://ncca.gov.ph/about-ncca-3/subcommissions/subcommission-on-the-arts-sca/music/philippine-music-a-historical-overview/

The strong band tradition in the Philippines, which began

during the previous Spanish period and which continues to this
`These three main streams of Philippine music– indigenous,
day, produced outstanding musicians, composers and
Spanish influenced religious and secular music,
performers. Another popular instrumental ensemble was
American/European influenced classical, semi-classical, and
the rondalla which superceded an earlier type of ensemble
popular music comprise what we refer to today as Philippine
called the cumparsa. The latter was an adaptation of similar
music.
instrumental groups, the murza of Mexico and the estudiantina
of Spain.
 Thailand, Laos, Cambodia, Vietnam, Malaysia, Singapore, Brunei,
Malaysia, Central South and West Asia.

West Part
Cenral South Part Iraq
Kazakhstan Israel
Uzbekistan Jordan
Kyrgyzstan
Turmenistan
Tajikistan
Afganistan
Prepared by Ms. Marisol Conde-Abanilla, MM, Music Ed.