Legends

LEGENDS OF PRODUCTION AND OPERATIONS

JOURNAL OF PETROLEUM TECHNOLOGY SPECIAL SECTION

Legends_2009.indd 35 11/13/09 3:22:52 PM

 Legends
D uring the 2009 SPE Annual Technical Conference and
Exhibition in October, JPT honored eight industry pioneers
of production and operations for their outstanding
contributions. As 2009 SPE technical director for
Production and Operations, I was honored to host the luncheon and
present awards to the attending recipients. Satish Pai, vice president
of Worldwide Operations with Schlumberger, spoke on behalf of his
company, which made substantial contributions to the event.
Production and operations is known as the backbone of the E&P industry.
Simply put, it pays the bills. It involves complex mixtures of fluids and
compounds, utilizes energy to extract more energy products for everyone’s
use, and frequently also produces unwanted byproducts.
A concise history of production and operations helps bring its advances into perspective:
In the storage and transportation area, it began as dikes and ponds for storage,
James Brill and barrels loaded onto wagons or rail cars. It progressed into storage tanks and
transportation by trucks. It has since evolved into the use of pipelines.

Kermit E. Brown Measurement has gone from the strapping of tanks to meters, lease automatic custody-
transfer units, and, most recently, to intricate chemical fingerprint and compositional
measurements with physical attribute identification.
H.R. (Randy) Crawford While much early production flowed naturally, more advanced means of artificial lift have
become necessary to extract fluids with increasing efficiency.
Stimulation methods have gone from bullet perforation, through the use of nitroglycerin,
Robert S. Schechter to acid and other chemical means. It now includes various forms of hydraulic fracturing,
gravel packs, and the like. The latest means are taking advantage of more sophisticated
fluids and proppant materials, as well as more precise measurement and placement
Robert C. Earlougher Jr. methods.
It includes development and utilization of secondary and tertiary means of recovering
hydrocarbons, including waterflooding, steam injection, chemical floods, surfactant
C.M. (Mel) Hightower floods, and microbial injection, to name a few techniques. There is no doubt that
advances in these methods have greatly improved the profitability of many a firm.
As the costs of power and scarcity of labor continue their rise, production and operations
Harry O’Neal McLeod Jr.
personnel have used their innovative senses to stay ahead of the curve. New techniques
and a “can do” attitude have resulted in many creative ideas, turning into items that the
industry now simply cannot do without.
Joe Mach
The legends, and countless others like them, are quite special. They may be known
as petroleum engineers. However, much like the makeup of SPE, there may be a little
mechanical, chemical, electrical, civil, or industrial engineer in them, too, as well as an
understanding of geosciences, operations management, and economics.
The JPT Legends of Production and Operations program recognized remarkable
achievements and eight extraordinary people—people who deserve our gratitude
for making our jobs easier and everyone’s life better through their efforts to improve
productivity. Our hats are collectively off to you.

James Pappas
2009 SPE Technical Director, Production and Operations

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 James Brill:
Brill
A Passionate Pursuit
James Brill has dedicated his career to the passionate
pursuit of mechanistic and unified modeling of
multiphase-flow phenomenon. His career in academia
and research began at the University of Tulsa Petroleum
Engineering Department and during his time at
the university, he worked as a project consultant to
numerous international oil and gas companies, and
founded two research project groups, one of which
conducts research on multiphase flow in pipes. Since
his retirement 9 years ago, he continues to teach short
courses at the university and also for industry-related
companies, and with a coauthor is currently writing an
undergraduate textbook.
“I have more time now for golf, tennis, traveling, and
grandchildren,” said Brill of his retirement after an extremely busy
35-year career in industry and academia, most at the University
of Tulsa. He is now a professor emeritus and research professor
of Petroleum Engineering at the university.
After retirement, Brill continues to contribute to the
academia by teaching short courses at the University of Tulsa with
Cem Sarica, one of his former doctoral students who replaced
him on the faculty. Brill also teaches courses for industry-
related companies. Along with another of his former doctoral
students, Eissa Al-Safran, he is currently writing a textbook for
undergraduate students. Brill, with two of his faculty colleagues,
also recently gained a patent on “Extracting Gas Hydrates from
Marine Sediments.”
Brill received a BS degree in engineering from the University
of Minnesota in 1962 and a PhD in petroleum engineering
from the University of Texas at Austin in 1966. Throughout his
career in the oil and gas industry and academia, his areas of
specialization were multiphase flow in pipes and oil and gas
production. In addition to his responsibilities at the university,
he served as a consultant to more than 35 international oil and
gas companies in a variety of multiphase-flow projects around
the world.
Brill began his career in academia and research in 1966
when he received a call from Kermit Brown, another 2009 JPT
Legend of Production and Operations. Brill also was a former
doctoral student of Brown at the University of Texas.
“I had begun working for Chevron Oilfield Research
Company in California,” Brill said. “When Kermit came to the
University of Tulsa, he had a faculty opening and asked me if I
would come there and teach. I would have preferred to have
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Legends_2009.indd 35
more industry experience, but this was an opportunity I could
not pass up.”
Brill formed the Tulsa University Fluid Flow Projects in 1973
to conduct research on multiphase flow in pipes. He served as its
executive director until May 2001 and is now director emeritus.
“Almost every company in the world that was involved in offshore
activity belonged to this research consortium at one time or
another,” Brill said.
He also founded and served as executive director for the
Tulsa University Paraffin Deposition Projects initiated in 1973,
and for which he is director emeritus.
Brill is coauthor of the SPE monograph Multiphase Flow
in Wells, and has published nearly 200 technical papers and
research reports. One of the papers presents what he believes
to be the greatest achievement of his career, the Beggs and Brill
correlation. It was published in 1973 in JPT under the title A Study
of Two-Phase Flow in Inclined Pipes. “Dale Beggs was one of my
first doctoral students and his PhD research was pioneering,”
Brill said. “The correlation is still frequently used by engineers to
design piping systems for multiphase flow.”
Brill notes that consulting work he did for Arco on observing and
characterizing long liquid slugs in large-diameter multiphase pipelines
was his next greatest achievement. This work, Analysis of Two-Phase
Flow Tests in Large-Diameter Flow Lines in Prudhoe Bay Field, was
documented in a 1980 SPE paper with several coauthors.
His many SPE activities during his career included serving as
an SPE representative to the Accreditation Board for Engineering
and Technology (ABET) Engineering Accreditation Commission
during 1989–94 and as the SPE representative to the ABET
Board of Directors during 1994–2000. Brill also was an SPE
Distinguished Lecturer during 1981–82, and served as chairman
of the University of Tulsa/SPE Centennial Petroleum Engineering
Symposium Steering Committee in 1994.
Brill received many honors and awards during his career
including the SPE Distinguished Petroleum Engineering Faculty
and the Production Engineering Awards, both in 1994; the SPE
John Franklin Carll and the Distinguished Member Awards,
both in 1997; the SPE DeGolyer Distinguished Service Medal in
2008; and his selection this year as an SPE Honorary Member,
the Society’s highest designation.
“The ultimate award an engineer can receive is to be
elected into the United States National Academy of Engineering,”
Brill said. He was elected to that elite group in 1997.
Despite all the honors and awards he received throughout
his career, Brill states that, “I hope my legacy will be my passionate
pursuit of mechanistic and unified modeling of multiphase-flow
phenomenon for the past 30 years.”
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11/16/09 9:36:48 AM
 Cr
Kermit E. Brown:
Brown
Contributions in Artificial Lift
Kermit E. Brown says that his passion is teaching. But he
was not always involved in academia, and his experience in
the field led him to become a noted authority on artificial lift
and changed the way the industry viewed that technology.
“Teaching has been my main objective most of my life,” says
Brown. “It is something that I have enjoyed more than anything
else I have done.” Brown enjoyed a long career in academia,
from an assistant professor and later associate professor in the
Petroleum Engineering Department at the University of Texas at
Austin beginning in 1955 to his retirement as professor in the
Petroleum Engineering Department at the University of Tulsa in
1990. In 1966, Brown had moved to Tulsa to become professor
and head of the Petroleum Engineering Department as well as
associate dean of the College of Engineering and Physical Sci-
ences at the University of Tulsa. He later became vice president of
Research and chairman of the Resources Engineering Division.
Brown did his undergraduate studies at Texas A&M Univer-
sity and his graduate work at the University of Texas. “I’m just a
mixed-up Aggie,” he says. Between his studies, he did a stint as a
World War II pilot.
But Brown was not always in academia. His postgraduate
work overlapped some of his teaching years. Among the com-
panies for which he worked, Brown was a petroleum engineer
for Stanolind Oil and Gas Company and Garrett Oil Tools. He
also worked for the US Atomic Energy Commission as a research
engineer. In 1956, when he was a gas-lift engineering consultant,
he began writing portions of the Gas Lift Manual that transformed
the way the industry viewed that technology.
Brown began teaching petroleum engineering courses in the
mid-1950s at the University of Texas at the same time he began
work on his MS degree. “Otis Engineering provided me a pro-
ducing well in Bay City, Texas, to install gas-lift equipment and
instruments to record gas and liquid flow rates, pressures, and
temperatures. I used that field data for my MS and PhD research,”
Brown said.
His graduate adviser told Brown that he must complete his
PhD if he wanted to continue teaching.“It was a tough go, but
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I decided to do it and I completed my PhD in June 1962.” He
continued to work as a research consultant in the areas of gas
lift and multiphase flow for Otis Engineering during the 1950s
and 1960s.
Artificial-lift methods became Brown’s specialty, and he
wrote numerous books on the topic as well as many technical pa-
pers that were published in SPE journals. Brown views the books
that he published as his favorite accomplishment. Among them
are Gas Lift Theory and Practice and The Technology of Artificial
Lift Methods.
Brown was soon viewed as the gas-lift authority in the in-
dustry, and he credits his book titled The Technology of Artificial
Lift Methods–Volume 4: Production Optimization of Oil and Gas
Wells by Nodal Systems Analysis as one of the most important
efforts in which he was involved. Joe Mach, another of this year’s
JPT Legends of Production and Operations, was a coauthor for
this book for the section on nodal-systems analysis. The book is
still being used by the industry as well as by many students.
“I have published other books that have been sold to the oil
industry, and believe it or not, I am still selling books,” Brown said.
“But the most important one was on nodal analysis.”
Brown has been an active SPE member since the 1960s,
serving on numerous committees as well as guiding several SPE
sections. He was chairman of the Balcones Section during 1965–
66, an executive committee member of the Mid-Continent Sec-
tion in 1968, and served on the SPE Board of Directors during
1970–71.
Among Brown’s many honors and awards is the SPE John
Franklin Carll Award that he received in 1983. Brown also be-
came an SPE Distinguished Member in 1983 and an Honorary
Member in 1990.
He became a member of the US National Academy of En-
gineering in 1987. “You won’t find many petroleum engineers in
the organization but there are four from the University of Tulsa,”
he says.
JPT S P E C I A L S E C T I O N
11/16/09 9:36:51 AM
Crawford H.R. (Randy) Crawford:
Designing New Technology
H.R. (Randy) Crawford has made significant contributions
to the oil and gas industry through the design of new tech-
nology. He has developed fracturing products and design
methods and, while with Conoco, greatly increased the
production rate of oil wells in the Gulf of Mexico. Later,
he was on a team that designed coal-seam fracture treat-
ments that made mining safer, lowered costs, and dras-
tically reduced the amount of methane released into
the atmosphere.
After graduating from Haskell High School, Crawford en-
rolled at Texas Tech University where he received his BS degree
in chemical engineering in 1949. He worked for Sun Oil for
a year before he was drafted into the US Army. Following his
military stint, he enrolled in graduate school at the University of
Texas at Austin, where he received his MS degree in 1954, after
which he taught mathematics. In 1958, he received a PhD in
chemical engineering.
Crawford began working for The Western Company of North
America as a research associate, developing acidizing, cement-
ing, and fracturing products and treatment design methods for
the oil and gas industry. While there, he wrote several articles and
technical papers, such as The Use of CO2 for Well Stimulation.
“One of my first papers was Engineered Hydraulic Frac-
ture Treatments and how to calculate the dimensions of a frac-
ture using the properties of the reservoir and fracture fluid,”
Crawford said.
Crawford worked for several other companies, includ-
ing Westco Research, a Western Company subsidiary; Lone
Star Gas Company’s Nipak Fertilizer; and Sanitech and
Enserch Exploration.
He joined Conoco in 1979, where he was assigned the
job of increasing the production rate of Gulf of Mexico oil wells.
He prepared a well-completion plan and developed in-house
schools to teach the plan to employees. “The results were so suc-
cessful that Conoco increased the production rate and revenues
from the first two platforms by about USD 104 million annually,”
Crawford said.
Crawford also was on a team that persuaded the manage-
ment of Conoco’s sister company, Consol Coal, to allow engi-
neers to fracture and produce methane from coal seams prior
to sending miners into the mine, and Crawford helped design
the coal-seam fracture treatments. This made mining safer be-
cause it reduced the methane content in the mine; more than
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doubled the coal-mining rate, resulting in much lower costs; and
drastically reduced the amount of methane that was released into
the atmosphere.
“I view this as one of my greatest contributions to the indus-
try,” he said. “The technology still is being used today.” Accord-
ing to Consol, a company that markets 80 Bcf of gas per year
today, it resulted in a projected life-of-the-project savings of USD
1.5 billion. Crawford received a Special Achievement Award from
Conoco for this contribution.
He holds six patents for technologies that include explo-
sive charge assemblies, secondary recovery of petroleum, seismic
methods, and transmission of mechanical power.
Crawford has been an SPE member since 1957. He was
chairman and a director of the Dallas Section of the American In-
stitute of Chemical Engineers, chairman of the Southwest Section
of that group, and has been on the national Board of Directors of
the American Society of Gas Engineers.
Crawford is also a strong believer in education. “I have
taken classes taught by five of the other seven JPT Legends [se-
lected this year],” he said. “I cannot think of a better investment
than education.”
Crawford has established two scholarship funds. The Dr.
H.R. and Louise Crawford Scholarship Endowment at Texas Tech
University gives preference to students from Haskell, Texas, (where
Crawford was born) regardless of the major field of study they
choose. The other scholarship is the H.R. Crawford Endowed
Graduate Fellowship in Engineering for graduate engineering
students at the University of Texas at Austin.
“We are pleased that we have helped more than 100 high
school students attend college,” he said.
“SPE excels in providing education and technology transfer
with their publications, schools, meetings, and the Annual Techni-
cal Conferences and Exhibitions,” he said.“I owe much to the SPE
and its members.I am especially honored to be named a member
of this group of JPT Legends of Production and Operations. They
have been mentors to me.”
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11/16/09 9:36:53 AM
 Robert S. Schechter:
Schechter
Advances in Production Methods
Robert S. Schechter began his academic career as a clas-
sically trained chemical engineer focused on research and
teaching about process control of chemical plants. One
year, early in his career, he needed summer employment
and found work at the Humble (now ExxonMobil) Oil
Research Center in Houston.
“It was the start of my relationship with the oil industry
and my interest in the methods of production,” Schechter ex-
plained. “The Production Research Laboratory was an exciting
place in those years. I was a consultant for Esso from 1959
through1973.
“There were many technical advances stemming from
the research at the laboratory,” he continued, “and the
gratifying thing was, if you did something worthwhile, the
industry would adopt it immediately. They were receptive to
new technology.”
Schechter earned a BS degree in chemical engineering
from Texas A&M University in 1950 and a PhD degree from
University of Minnesota in 1956. In between, he was a First
Lieutenant in the US Army’s Chemical Corps. After earning
his PhD, he began as an assistant professor, then became
associate professor, and then professor at the University of
Texas at Austin. His focus was on fluid mechanics, transport
phenomena, surface phenomena, optimization, variational
principles, oil-well stimulation, and enhanced oil recovery
(EOR). He retired from the university in 1997 and is professor
emeritus of Chemical Engineering and Petroleum and Geo-
systems Engineering.
During his tenure at the University of Texas, he was
chairman of the Chemical Engineering Department dur-
ing 1970–73 and chairman of the Petroleum Engineer-
ing Department during 1975–78. Additionally, he was
the director of the Center for Thermodynamics and Sta-
tistical Mechanics at the university during 1968–74.
Among his work and research, Schechter holds a pat-
ent for extracting uranium from subsurface roll-front deposits.
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Legends_2009.indd 38
Since these deposits are often found in permeable sands, he
worked on a process to pump a solution into the sand and
recover the uranium. “After the Three Mile Island disaster in
the 1970s, uranium was no longer of much value and solu-
tion mining was no longer of interest,” he said.
Among his significant achievements, Schechter lists his
work in acidizing to stimulate oil wells and the development
of surfactants for EOR. He and Professor William H. Wade
developed a method for measuring the interfacial tension be-
tween oil and water called the spinning-drop technique.
“A solution-filled tube was spun on its axis at extremely
high speed,” Schechter explained. “The shape of the oil drop
tells you the interfacial tension. Those machines are available
throughout the oil industry today.”
Among the honors and awards he received during his
career was the Improved Recovery Pioneer Award in 1996 at
the SPE Improved Recovery Symposium. He is also a recipient
of the SPE John Franklin Carll Award in 1994 and became
an SPE Distinguished Member in 2008. Like many of the JPT
Legends in Production and Operations, Schechter is a mem-
ber of the US National Academy of Engineering.
He has authored five books and published more than
190 technical articles and reports. Among his books is Oil
Well Stimulation published in 1991. The textbook deals with
formation damage, perforating, fracturing, acidizing, and
sand control. Schechter, with Maurice Bourrel, published
Microemulsions and Related Systems in 1991. This mono-
graph deals with the formulations, structures, and physical
properties of blends of surfactants, oils, and water that form
homogeneous phases. The single-phase blends are known as
microemulsions. An understanding of these systems is crucial
for devising surfactant systems used for EOR.
JPT S P E C I A L S E C T I O N
11/16/09 9:36:55 AM
 Earlougher
r Robert C. Earlougher Jr.:
Engineer and Scientist

Bob Earlougher joined Marathon Oil Company in 1966,

after receiving his bachelor’s, master’s, and PhD degrees
from Stanford University, and spent 35 committed years
at Marathon, retiring as vice president of International
Production. Through the years, Bob held a series of re-
search positions and served as division reservoir engineer
and production manager. He holds several patents, and
published a monograph in 1977, which continues to be a
standard reference for well-test analysis.

“I view myself as an engineer and scientist, and hope to be
so remembered,” he says.
During his 35 years at Marathon, Earlougher held a series
of research positions at the company’s Petroleum Technology
Center in Littleton, Colorado. In 1977, he was appointed man-
ager of the Engineering Department. He later served as Mara-
thon’s division reservoir engineer in Casper, Wyoming, and then
as production manager in Bridgeport, Illinois.
In 1988, he was appointed coordinating manager for
Production UK and transferred to London. Two years later, Ear-
lougher was named manager of the Brae projects. He returned
to the US in 1994 as manager of Business Development for
Worldwide Exploration, settling in Houston, and was appointed
vice president of International Production that same year, a posi-
tion he held until his retirement in 2000.
Earlougher has seen a lot of ups and downs during his
career. “In the 35 years I have been in the industry, it has been
cyclic: fun, then pain, then fun again.
“I tried to flow with the cycles as my career moved from re-
search to production, then to operations and construction, and
then into management,” he said. “Initially, I worked in oil recov-
ery and quickly learned that USD 3/bbl oil just could not carry
the cost of production.”
Earlougher has emphasized the importance of training and
mentoring during his career, and has been very active in SPE.
He served on or chaired many committees, served on the Board
of Directors in the early 1980s, and was an officer for the SPE
Denver and London sections. He received the Lester C. Uren
Award in 1979 and the John Franklin Carll Award in 1990. He
became an SPE Distinguished Member in 1983 and an Honor-
ary Member in 1997.
Earlougher is a member of the US National Academy of
Engineering and holds several patents. He is the author or coau-
thor of more than a dozen technical papers.
“Without a doubt, though, what I am most proud of is my
monograph, Advances in Well Test Analysis,” Earlougher said. “It
was published in 1977 and recently saw a fourth printing, selling
over 40,000 copies in that 30-plus years.”
The monograph was the standard text for well-test analysis
classes at several universities, including Stanford University for
nearly 20 years.
Now retired, he and his wife Evelyn enjoy traveling to such
locales as China, Peru, Egypt, and Guatemala. His main inter-
est has been anything associated with the Rocky Mountains of
Colorado, including downhill and cross country skiing, hiking,
and mountain climbing. “By the mid-1970s I had scaled all of
Colorado’s 14,000 ft peaks, many of them more than once.”

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 M
C.M. (Mel) Hightower:
Hightower
Champion of Coiled-Tubing Drilling
C.M. (Mel) Hightower worked as a reservoir engineer at
Chevron, and then had a successful chapter at Exxon,
where he implemented more than 900 through-tubing
and conventional workovers and championed the benefits
of coiled tubing. But it was at Arco where he left his legacy
in production and operations by pushing the concept of
coiled-tubing drilling.
Hightower earned his BS degree in petroleum engineering
from Louisiana State University in 1962. “I had a good friend
who was in petroleum engineering and it appealed to me be-
cause it offered a lot of outdoor work but yet it was an engineer-
ing job,” Hightower said of his degree choice.
He went to work for Chevron as a reservoir engineer, plan-
ning drilling and workover operations. He had already had a
taste of the oil and gas industry during several summer jobs dur-
ing college, including working on a seismic-survey crew and as
an offshore roustabout. Later, he worked in the Rocky Mountains
in Colorado and Wyoming. After a brief period with BJ Services
in engineering support for cementing operations and thermal
well stimulation, he landed with Exxon.
It was there that he planned and implemented more than
900 through-tubing and conventional onshore and offshore
workovers. He also planned, prepared text, and taught a com-
panywide production- and subsurface-engineering school. It was
also at Exxon where he became interested in coiled tubing and
its benefits to the industry.
“I worked with coiled tubing in Lafayette, Louisiana,” High-
tower said. “It was really pioneering in those days. We did some
things that were a stretch for the quality of pipe then.”
Hightower noted that the early coiled tubing was poor qual-
ity with small diameter and thin walls. “It had a terrible reputation
because it was either constantly leaking or falling apart. It was
limited mainly to pumping nitrogen into the wells to lift them.
“The other application where coiled tubing was used was
to pump acid into the well,” he continued, “and believe me, acid
and thin wall pipe were not always compatible.”
He subsequently did completion and workover engineering
for Superior Oil in Lafayette and Mark Producing in Houston
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Legends_2009.indd 40
before signing on with Arco, where he became more involved in
coiled-tubing work. Hightower performed operations-engineer-
ing programs in Prudhoe Bay, Alaska, including many through-
tubing applications. He also provided engineering support for
coiled-tubing projects including extensive window milling tests.
He was Arco’s representative on a deepwater coiled-tubing drill-
ing feasibility and technical study.
He soon became involved with and was an early member
of the International Coiled Tubing Association (ICoTA). He was
chairman of the 1999 SPE/ICoTA Coiled Tubing Roundtable.
While at Arco, Hightower was a coinventor on six down-
hole-related patents, mainly dealing with through-tubing and
coiled-tubing technologies and applications. “Quite a few of the
coiled-tubing and through-tubing patents came from technolo-
gies used by Arco in Prudhoe Bay,” he says.
Hightower has been an SPE member since 1960 and was
recognized as a Senior Member in 2002. He has written numer-
ous technical papers and presented at various SPE conferences
and other industry meetings.
Following his retirement in 1999, Hightower became a
consulting engineer, advising and planning workover, comple-
tion, and coiled-tubing projects around the world. He consulted
for Halliburton in Oklahoma, conducting training courses in
coiled-tubing systems and drilling operations, and also worked
for Maurer Engineering as a coiled-tubing consultant. He also
consulted for BP, traveling to Venezuela for workover operations.
He retired from consulting in 2003.
“Pushing the coiled-tubing concept is probably the most
significant thing that I have done,” Hightower said. “I was not the
only one; there was a group of us promoting coiled-tubing drill-
ing in the industry and making a lot of presentations with various
groups to share and advance the technology.
“We did not invent coiled tubing at Arco, but we felt that if
we promoted the technology, there would be more developments
that would benefit the industry,” he continued, “and I am proud
that I was advocating coiled-tubing use, especially drilling, dur-
ing that technology’s relatively early stages in the industry.”
JPT S P E C I A L S E C T I O N
11/16/09 9:36:59 AM
 Mcleod
wer
Harry O’Neal McLeod Jr.:
Improvements in Project
Technology
Harry O’Neal McLeod Jr. devoted his career to evaluat-
ing well behavior and making continuous improvements
to project technology. At Phillips, he implemented trials
of new stimulation treatments; at Exxon, he made an
impact focusing on artificial-lift and hydraulic-fractur-
ing systems; and at Dowell, he developed a formation-
analysis technique for evaluating wells when using acid
treatments. Later, at Conoco, with others, he designed a
fracturing model used to eliminate screenouts by using
control measures.
McLeod first developed an interest in engineering while
observing a pipeline corrosion engineer during summer work
for a pipeline company. He attended the Colorado School of
Mines on a scholarship awarded annually to one Texas high
school graduate, and earned his petroleum production engi-
neer degree in1953. He joined Phillips Petroleum in 1953 as
an engineer trainee for a year before reporting for duty in the
US Army Corps of Engineers, which included instructing trainees
in floating-bridge construction, where he developed an interest
in teaching.
Returning to Phillips in 1956 as a production engineer in
the Southwest Antioch Gibson Sand Unit, he implemented trials
of new stimulation treatments. He later performed a reservoir
study to estimate reserves in place and developed a technique
for estimating oil saturation based on producing gas-oil ratios in
a portion of the reservoir previously swept by gas injection.
“Exposure to new techniques and contact with Phillips re-
search engineers prompted my return to school at the University
of Oklahoma, and I earned an MS degree in petroleum engi-
neering and a PhD in engineering sciences,” McLeod said.
He joined Exxon in Tulsa in 1963 as a research engineer
in artificial lift and was awarded a patent for a gas-lift system.
He then shifted to hydraulic fracturing, developing a novel
split-core testing system to measure fracture conductivity under
increasing stress.
Later, working for the Dowell in Tulsa, he helped develop
the use of acid/alcohol mixtures for stimulating wells. McLeod
also developed a formation-analysis technique using acid-injec-
tion rates and pressures, enabling Dowell to evaluate the skin
factor of the well before, during, and after acid treatment.
In 1969, he became director of Information Services at
the University of Tulsa, and publisher of Petroleum Abstracts and
served on the petroleum engineering faculty, teaching produc-
tion engineering and natural-gas engineering and developed
the school’s well-completion engineering course.
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McLeod was drawn back to a technical career with
Conoco in 1975, working in the Production Technology De-
partment as an in-house consultant and teaching in-house
seminars in acidizing, hydraulic fracturing, well completion, and
sand control. Contact with production personnel such as lease
operators, foremen, and engineers challenged him to under-
stand puzzling well behavior. He outlined steps for continuous
improvement in well development in SPE publications, short
courses, and an instructional video titled Matrix Acidizing to Im-
prove Well Performance. One of the more significant steps was
the development of a perforation model useful in quantifying
productivity impairment by either inadequate perforating or per-
meability damage.
One big challenge he faced was how to find a solution
to premature screenouts during hydraulic fracturing of tight gas
sands. McLeod worked with M.W. Osborne and D.H. Kaspereit
to model fluid loss and sand concentration in a fracture, evalu-
ate treatment screenouts, and propose a new design of pad flu-
ids with particulates to prevent tip screenouts. Quality-control
measures were instituted in field operations with a focus on good
water quality and proper mixing of gel and cross-linking systems.
Premature screenouts in south-Texas operations fell from 80 to
5% in two years.
McLeod also developed a wellbore model to evaluate
cased-hole gravel packs. In-house development of well-produc-
tion software by H.R. (Randy) Crawford (another 2009 JPT Leg-
end of Production and Operations) greatly aided the evaluation
of gravel-packed wells. Subsequent continuous improvement
projects followed until his retirement in 1997 as a senior engi-
neering professional, the highest technical rank in Conoco.
“Central to my development as a professional were the re-
sources of SPE—the publications, meetings, and training cours-
es and also work and interaction with other SPE members who
were gracious and generous with their knowledge and advice,”
McLeod said.
McLeod was twice an SPE Distinguished Lecturer and
received the Production Engineering Award in 1989. He was
elected an SPE Distinguished Member in 1995 and in 2006 he
was inducted into the Legion of Honor as a 50-year member
of SPE.
41
11/16/09 9:37:01 AM
 Joe Mach:
Mach
Nodal Analysis
Breakthrough
It did not take long for Joe Mach to triumph over the only
job he was offered after graduation—a position at Gulf
Oil as a roustabout. The next year he worked on rigs un-
til he was finally promoted as production engineer. This
hands-on experience from optimizing production and
gas-lift systems formed the foundation of his career.
“1971 was not a good year for graduating petroleum en-
gineers,” he says. “It seemed that half the class stayed in school
to become aerospace majors.”
Mach gladly accepted the position at Gulf. “Gulf had a
great training program,” Mach said. “For the first six months I
worked in the roustabout gang, including riding to work every
day in the back of the roustabout pickup.”
During the next year he worked on workover and drilling
rigs until he was finally anointed as a production engineer in the
large West Bay inland field. He worked in the field for a couple of
years, tuning and optimizing production and gas-lift systems.
In 1976, he joined Macco Schlumberger, a gas-lift com-
pany, as technical manager. A year later, he invented the nodal-
analysis application. The application became an industry staple
and he considers development of the application his greatest
accomplishment. Nodal analysis is a graphical systems-analysis
technique that allowed engineers, for the first time, to include
the effects of the tubular, completion, lift system, surface facili-
ties, and reservoir performance into a single presentation that
displayed the production rate of an oil or gas well and the effects
of all of these different parts.
Mach also developed differential spacing based on an er-
ror envelope that revolutionized gas-lift designs and allowed gas
lift to be incorporated into nodal analysis. He teamed with Kermit
E. Brown, another JPT Legend of Production and Operations,
to teach many production and artificial-lift seminars around the
world during the late 1970s and 1980s. He also was a con-
tributing author to Brown’s book, The Technology of Artificial
Lift Methods.
Mach remained at Schlumberger until 1999, holding vari-
ous management positions with increasing levels of responsibil-
ity. When he left the company, he was vice president and gen-
eral manager, responsible for all aspects of a multi-product-line
service business that included 20 service locations and 1,000
employees in 15 countries. Previous to that, he was vice presi-
dent of Marketing and Technology where he was responsible
42
Legends_2009.indd 42
for all aspects of product and service development from idea to
commercialization. Along the way, Mach made significant con-
tributions to Total Quality Management processes and supply-
chain management concepts.
In 1999, he joined Russia’s Yukos E&P as first vice presi-
dent responsible for Exploration and Production. During his first
4 years at Yukos in Moscow (he left the company in 2006), oil
production more than doubled from 800,000 to 1.7 million
BOPD. This was accomplished in part while the active producing
well count fell from more than 14,000 to 7,000. The increased
production rate came about as a result of decreasing water cut
by 15% and increasing the average rate per well fourfold while
reducing operating expense per barrel. Reserves increased by 3
billion bbl during the times.
“This organic growth resulted from the application of
differential know-how and technology in production, water
flooding, fracturing, artificial lift, and reservoir management,”
Mach explained.
“The results at Yukos also were achieved by the imple-
mentation of a technology transfer initiative involving 5,000
engineers, including skill-set assessments processes, online
technology transfer and monitoring, and a unique activity-
prioritization system.”
When he left Yukos in 2006, Mach returned to Texas and to
his 6,000-acre San Angelo ranch. He is now involved in his own
consulting company, Houston Consultants, which specializes
in investments.
He has been an SPE member since 1970. He graduated
with honors from the University of Tulsa in 1971 with a BS degree
in petroleum engineering. He later served as chairman of the
University of Tulsa Petroleum Engineering Advisory Board and
was elected to the University of Tulsa College of Engineering
Hall of Fame. He also is a member of the Petroleum Engineering
Advisory Boards of Texas A&M and Texas Tech universities.
JPT S P E C I A L S E C T I O N
11/16/09 9:37:03 AM
 SPE Papers authored by the J P T L E G E N D S O F P R O D U C T I O N A N D O P E R A T I O N S
Mach
Joe Mach
A Nodal Approach for Applying Systems
Analysis to the Flowing and Artificial
Lift Oil or Gas Well, 1979. Coauthors:
Eduardo Proano and Kermit E. Brown.
Economic Approach to Oil Production and
Gas Allocation in Continuous Gas Lift,
1981. Coauthors: Eni P. Kanu and
Kermit E. Brown.
Production Systems Analysis of
Vertically Fractured Wells, 1982.
Coauthors: Hai-Zui Meng, Eduardo
Antonio Proano, and Ismail M. Buhidma.
Robert S. Schechter
Matrix Acidization with Highly Reactive
Acids, 1971. Coauthor: J.A. Guin.
Spontaneous Emulsification—A Possible
Mechanism for Enhanced Oil Recovery,
1975. Coauthors: R.L. Cash Jr.,
J.L. Cayias, Michael Hayes, D.J. MacAllister,
T. Schares, and W.H. Wade.
Modeling Crude Oils for Low Interfacial
Tension, 1976. Coauthors: J.L. Cayias
and W.H. Wade.
On the Mechanism of Foam Formation in
Porous Media, 1976. Coauthor: M. Kanda.
Surfactant Aging: A Possible Detriment
to Tertiary Oil Recovery, 1976.
Coauthors: R.L. Cash, J.L. Cayias,
M. Hayes, D.J. McAllister, T. Schares, and
W.H. Wade.
Thermodynamic Limitations in
Organic-Acid/Carbonate Systems, 1976.
Coauthors: J.C. Chatelain and
I.H. Silberberg.
JPT L E G E N D S O F P R O D U C T I O N A N D O P E R A T I O N S
Legends_2009.indd 43
Low Interfacial Tensions Involving
Mixtures of Surfactants, 1977. Coauthors:
W.H. Wade, J.C. Morgan, and J.K. Jacobson.
Static and Dynamic Adsorption of Anionic
and Nonionic Surfactants, 1977. Coauthors:
F.J. Trogus, T. Sophany, and W.H. Wade.
Interfacial Tension and Phase Behavior of
Surfactant Systems, 1978. Coauthors:
W.H. Wade, James C. Morgan, J.K. Jacobson,
and J.L. Salager.
Properties of Amphiphile Oil/Water
Systems at an Optimum Formulation for
Formulation for Phase Behavior,
1978. Coauthors: Maurice Bourrel,
Andrew M. Lipow, W.H. Wade, and
Jean-Louis Salager.
Rate Effects Attending the Flow of
Surfactant Solutions Through Porous
Media, 1978. Coauthors: M. Fernandez,
M. El Emary, W.H. Wade, and F.J. Trogus.
Adsorption of Mixed Surfactant
Systems, 1979. Coauthors: F.J. Trogus,
G.A. Pope, and W.H. Wade.
Interfacial Tension and Behavior of
Nonionic Surfactants, 1979. Coauthors:
Michael E. Hayes, Maurice Bourrel,
Mahmoud M. El-Emary, and
William H. Wade.
Mathematical Modeling of In-Situ Uranium
Leaching, 1979. Coauthor: Paul M. Bommer.
Schechter (right)
Mixing Rules for Optimum Phase-
Behavior Formulations of Surfactant/
Oil/Water Systems, 1979. Coauthors:
J.L. Salager, M. Bourrel, and W.H. Wade.
Optimum Formulation of Surfactant/
Water/Oil Systems for Minimum Interfacial
Tension or Phase Behavior, 1979.
Coauthors: J.L. Salager, J.C. Morgan,
W.H. Wade, and E. Vasquez.
Post In-Situ Uranium Leaching Site
Restoration Numerical Analysis, 1979.
Coauthor: Paul M. Bommer.
A Description of Chemical Precipitation
Mechanisms and Their Role in Formation
Damage During Stimulation by
Hydrofluoric Acid, 1982. Coauthors:
Mark P. Walsh and Larry W. Lake.
Compositional Effects on the Adsorption
of Surfactant From Aqueous Phases
in Equilibrium With a Middle Phase
Microemulsion, 1982. Coauthors:
Marc R.M. Vernet and Remy Truchetet.
Criteria for Structuring Surfactants To
Maximize Solubilization of Oil and Water:
Part 1—Commercial Nonionics, 1982.
Coauthors: Alain Graciaa, Lester N. Fortney,
William H. Wade, and Seang Yiv.
Evaluation of the One-Well Uranium
Leaching Test: Restoration, 1982. Coauthors:
Muhammad I. Kabir and Larry W. Lake.
43
11/16/09 9:37:06 AM
 SPE Papers authored by the J P T L E G E N D S O F P R O D U C T I O N A N D O P E R A T I O N S
Optimization of Uranium Leach Mining,
1982. Coauthor: Paul M. Bommer.
The Effect of Several Polymers on the
Phase Behavior of Micellar Fluids,
1982. Coauthors: Gary A. Pope,
Kerming Tsaur, and Ben Wang.
The Topology of Phase Boundaries for
Oil/Brine/Surfactant Systems and Its
Relationship to Oil Recovery, 1982.
Coauthors: M. Bourrel, C. Chambu,
and W.H. Wade.
Binary Surfactant Mixtures for Minimizing
Alcohol Cosolvent Requirements, 1983.
Coauthors: C. Lelanne-Cassou, I. Carmona,
L. Fortney, A. Samii, W.H. Wade,
V. Weerasooriya, and S. Yiv.
Mobilization of Residual Oil Under
Equilibrium and Nonequilibrium
Conditions, 1983. Coauthors:
Andrew C. Lam and William H. Wade.
Phase Partitioning of Anionic and Nonionic
Surfactant Mixtures, 1983. Coauthors:
Christos Koukounis and W.H. Wade.
The Phase Behavior of Simple Salt-Tolerant
Sulfonates, 1983. Coauthors: Y. Barakat,
L.N. Fortney, C. LaLanne-Cassou,
W.H. Wade, U. Weerasooriya, and S. Yiv.
Optimal Injection Strategies for the
Propagation of Surfactant Mixtures
Through Porous Media, 1984. Coauthors:
Jeffrey H. Harwell and William H. Wade.
Relative Permeabilities of Surfactant/
Steam/Water Systems, 1984. Coauthors:
Armando Monsalve and W.H. Wade.
The Effect of Trace Quantities of
Surfactant on Nitrogen/Water Relative
Permeabilities, 1986. Coauthors:
J.M. Sanchez and A. Monsalve.
Optimization of Vertical Acid Fractures in
Steady-State Flow, 1987. Coauthors:
S.D. Sevougian and K. Sepehrnoori.
Partitioning of Nonionic and Anionic
Surfactant Mixtures Between Oil/
Microemulsion/Water Phases, 1987.
Coauthors: A. Graciaa, J. Lachaise, Maurice
Bourrel, Irvin Osborne-Lee, and W.H. Wade.
An Analysis of Reservoir Chemical
Treatments, 1988. Coauthors: M.A. Dria
and L.W. Lake.
Formation of Water-Soluble Silicate Gels by
the Hydrolysis of a Diester of Dicarboxylic
Acid Solublized as Microemulsions, 1989.
Coauthors: B. Vinot and Larry W. Lake.
44
Legends_2009.indd 44
Steady Adiabatic, Two-Phase Flow of
Steam and Water Through Porous Media,
1990. Coauthor: J. Michael Sanchez.
Optimizing Sandstone Acidization, 1992.
Coauthors: Eduardo Ponce da Motta and
Benjamin Plavnik.
The Optimum Injection Rate for Matrix
Acidizing of Carbonate Formations,
1993. Coauthors: Y. Wang and A.D. Hill.
Designing Effective Sandstone Acidizing
Treatments Through Geochemical
Modeling, 1997. Coauthors: M. Anthony
Quinn and Larry W. Lake.
Reaction Rate and Fluid Loss: The Keys
to Wormhole Initiation and Propagation
in Carbonate Acidizing, 2000.
Coauthors: T. Huang and A.D. Hill.
Kermit Brown
Evaluation of Valve Port Size, Surface
Chokes and Fluid Fall-Back in
Intermittent Gas-Lift Installations,
1962. Coauthor: Frank W. Jessen.
Prediction of Pressure Gradients for
Multiphase Flow in Tubing, 1963.
Coauthor: George H. Fancher Jr.
The Effect of Liquid Viscosity in Two-
Phase Vertical Flow, 1964. Coauthor:
Alton R. Hagedorn.
Experimental Study of Pressure
Gradients Occurring During
Continuous Two-Phase Flow in Small-
Diameter Vertical Conduits, 1965.
Coauthor: Alton R. Hagedorn.
Superior Teaching, 1965.
Brown
Multiphase Flow Through Chokes, 1969.
Coauthors: R. Omana, C. Houssiere Jr.,
James P. Brill, and Richard E. Thompson.
New Emphasis in Engineering Schools
on Graduate Education, 1969. Coauthors:
Thomas F. Staley and Gordon W. Thomas.
Application of Systems Analysis Can
Increase Production by 200 Percent in High
Volume Gas Lift Wells, 1971. Coauthor:
Doyle L. Jones.
Attacking Those Troublesome Dual Gas Lift
Installations, 1972. Coauthor: Jerry B. Davis.
Future Trends in Petroleum Engineering
Education, 1976.
A Nodal Approach for Applying Systems
Analysis to the Flowing and Artificial Lift
Oil or Gas Well, 1979. Coauthors: Joe Mach
and Eduardo Proano.
Economic Approach to Oil Production and
Gas Allocation in Continuous Gas Lift,
1981. Coauthors: Eni P. Kanu and Joe Mach.
Overview of Artificial Lift Systems, 1982.
Nodal Systems Analysis of Oil and Gas
Wells, 1985. Coauthor: James F. Lea.
Robert C.
Earlougher Jr.
Pressure Distributions in Rectangular
Reservoirs, 1968. Coauthors: H.J. Ramey
Jr., F.G. Miller, and T.D. Mueller.
Some Practical Considerations in the
Design of Steam Injection Wells, 1969.
Performance of the Fry In-Situ
Combustion Project, 1970. Coauthors:
J.R. Galloway and R.W. Parsons.
Estimating Drainage Shapes from
Reservoir Limit Tests, 1971.
Comparing Single-Point Pressure
Buildup Data With Reservoir Simulator
Results, 1972.
Field Examples of Automatic Transient
Test Analysis, 1972. Coauthor:
Keith M. Kersch.
Compositional Simulation of Miscible
Processes Using Two- and Three-
Component Systems, 1973. Coauthor:
Robert A. Wattenbarger.
Wellbore Effects in Injection Well
Testing, 1973. Coauthors: R.M. Kersch
and H.J. Ramey Jr.
JPT S P E C I A L S E C T I O N
11/16/09 9:37:08 AM
 SPE Papers authored by the J P T L E G E N D S O F P R O D U C T I O N A N D O P E R A T I O N S
Earlougher
Analysis of Short-Time Transient Test
Data By Type-Curve Matching, 1974.
Coauthor: Keith M. Kersch.
Micellar Solution Flooding: Field Test
Results and Process Improvements,
1974. Coauthors: J.E. O’Neal and H. Surkalo.
Some Characteristics of Pressure Buildup
Behavior in Bounded Multiple-Layered
Reservoirs Without Crossflow, 1974.
Coauthors: K.M. Kersch and W.J. Kunzman.
Analysis and Design Methods for
Vertical Well Testing, 1980.
Practicalities of Detecting Faults From
Buildup Testing, 1980. Coauthor:
H. Kazemi.
Field Application of Vertical Well
Testing Methods With a Case History,
1981. Coauthor: W.J. Kunzman.
H.R. Crawford
Carbon Dioxide—A Multipurpose Additive
for Effective Well Stimulation, 1963.
Coauthors: G.H. Neill, B.J. Bucy, and
P.B. Crawford.
Drag Reduction of Dilute Polymer
Solutions, 1964. Coauthor: G.T. Pruitt.
Field and Laboratory Results of
Carbon Dioxide and Nitrogen in Well
Stimulation, 1964. Coauthors:
G.H. Neill, J.B. Dobbs, and G.T. Pruitt.
A Qualitative and Quantitative Evaluation
of Fracture Treatment Variables Employing
a Digital Computer Program, 1967.
Coauthors: L.J. Harp and R.A. Zachary.
JPT L E G E N D S O F P R O D U C T I O N A N D O P E R A T I O N S
Legends_2009.indd 45
Proppant Scheduling and Calculation of
Fluid Lost During Fracturing, 1983.
Underbalanced Perforating Design, 1989.
Drill Cuttings Reinjection for Heidrun: A
Study, 1993. Coauthor: J.A. Lescarboura.
James Brill
Practical Use of Recent Research in
Multiphase Vertical and Horizontal
Flow, 1966. Coauthors: T.D. Doerr,
A.R. Hagedorn, and K.E. Brown.
An Analytical Description of Liquid
Slug Flow In Small-Diameter Vertical
Conduits, 1967.
Participation: The Solution to the
AIME Student Chapter Problem, 1967.
Coauthor: James W. Crafton.
Multiphase Flow Through Chokes, 1969.
Coauthors: R. Omana, C. Houssiere Jr.,
Kermit E. Brown, and Richard E. Thompson.
Comparison of Friction Factor Correlations
for Gas-Liquid Flow in Horizontal Pipes,
1973. Coauthor: Florencio Hernandez.
A Statistical Evaluation of Methods
Used To Predict Pressure Losses for
Multiphase Flow in Vertical Oilwell
Tubing, 1974. Coauthor: J. David Lawson.
Evaluation of Three New Methods For
Predicting Pressure Losses In Vertical
Oilwell Tubing, 1974. Coauthors:
I.R. Vohra and J.R. Robinson.
Crawford
Brill
Parameters for Computing Pressure
Gradients and the Equilibrium
Saturation of Gas-Condensate Fluids
Flowing in Sandstones, 1974. Coauthors:
Jerry D. Ham and C. Kenneth Eilerts.
Comparison of Liquid-Holdup and Friction-
Factor Correlations for Gas-Liquid Flow,
1975. Coauthors: I.R. Vohra, F. Hernandez,
and N. Marcano.
Experimental Study of Severe Slugging
in a Two-Phase-Flow Pipeline - Riser
Pipe System, 1980. Coauthors:
Z. Schmidt and H.D. Beggs.
Analysis of Two-Phase Tests in Large-
Diameter Flow Lines in Prudhoe Bay
Field, 1981. Coauthors: Zelimir Schmidt,
William A. Coberly, John D. Herring, and
David W. Moore.
Evaluation of Two-Phase Flow Test Pipeline
Configurations for an Offshore Oil
Field, 1983. Coauthors: T.R. Sifferman,
Zelimir Schmidt, Yugdutt Sharma, and
Kunal Dutta-Roy.
Liquid Holdup Correlations for Inclined
Two-Phase Flow, 1983. Coauthor:
Hemanta Mukherjee.
Simulation of a Major Oilfield Gas-
Gathering Pipeline System, 1983.
Coauthors: Thomas R. Sifferman,
Brian Samaroo, and Arirachakaran Srihasak.
Hydrodynamic Model For Intermittent Gas
Lifting of Viscous Oil, 1984. Coauthors:
Zelimir Schmidt, Dale R. Doty,
Peter B. Lukong, and Orlando F. Fernandez.
45
11/16/09 9:46:33 AM
 SPE Papers authored by the J P T L E G E N D S O F P R O D U C T I O N A N D O P E R A T I O N S
Two-Phase Flow Through Chokes, 1986.
Coauthors: R. Sachdeva, Z. Schmidt, and
R.M. Blais.
Casing Heading in Flowing Oil Wells,
1987. Coauthors: A.J. Torre, Z. Schmidt,
R.N. Blais, and D.R. Doty.
Liquid Holdup in Wet-Gas Pipelines,
1987. Coauthor: K. Minami.
Multiphase Flow in Wells, 1987.
Analysis of Computational Procedures
for Multicomponent Flow in Pipelines,
1988. Coauthors: J.C. Goyon and
O. Shoham.
Dynamic Simulation of Slug Catcher
Behavior, 1988. Coauthors: H. Genceli,
K.A. Kuenhold, and O. Shoham.
Prediction of Dispersion Viscosity of
Oil/Water Mixture Flow in Horizontal
Pipes, 1988. Coauthors: A.E. Martinez,
S. Arirachakaran, and O. Shoham.
Study of Subcritical Flow Through
Multiple-Orifice Valves, 1988.
Coauthors: D.W. Surbey and B.G. Kelkar.
An Analysis of Oil/Water Flow
Phenomena in Horizontal Pipes, 1989.
Coauthors: S. Arirachakaran,
K.D. Oglesby, M.S. Malinowsky, and
O. Shoham.
Prediction of Slug Length in Horizontal,
Large-Diameter Pipes, 1989. Coauthors:
Stuart L. Scott and Ovadia Shoham.
Simulation of Downhole Heater
Phenomena in the Production of
Wellbore Fluids, 1989. Coauthors:
Yugdutt Sharma and Ovadia Shoham.
Study of Multiphase Critical Flow
Through Wellhead Chokes, 1989.
Coauthors: D.W. Surbey and B.G. Kelkar.
A Comprehensive Mechanistic Model
for Two-Phase Flow in Pipelines, 1990.
Coauthors: J.J. Xiao and O. Shonham.
A Nonintrusive Flowmetering Method
for Two-Phase Intermittent Flow in
Horizontal Pipes, 1990. Coauthors:
Gene E. Kouba and Ovadia Shoham.
Complete Multiplatform Networking
Integration in a Petroleum Research
Environment, 1991. Coauthors:
L.L. Jefferson and S. Arirachakaran.
46
Legends_2009.indd 46
Intelligent Utilization of a Unified Flow
Pattern Prediction Model in Production
System Optimization, 1991. Coauthors:
S. Arirachakaran, D.A. Papadimitriou,
L.L. Jefferson, and O. Shoham.
Transient Analysis of Point Arguello
Gas Pipeline Behavior, 1991. Coauthors:
C. Sarica, O. Shoham, and Y. Taitel.
Two-Phase Flow in Low-Velocity Hilly
Terrain Pipelines, 1991. Coauthors:
C. Sarica and O. Shoham.
Experimental and Theoretical
Investigation of Two-Phase Flow in
Horizontal Wells, 1992. Coauthors:
Masaru Ihara and Ovadia Shoham.
State of the Art in Multiphase Flow,
1992. Coauthor: S.J. Arirachakaran.
Hilly Terrain Effects on Slug Flow
Characteristics, 1993. Coauthors:
Guohua Zheng and Ovadia Shoham.
A Comprehensive Mechanistic Model for
Upward Two-Phase Flow in Wellbores,
1994. Coauthors: A.M. Ansari,
N.D. Sylvester, and O. Shoham.
Influence of Wellbore Hydraulics on
Pressure Behavior and Productivity of
Horizontal Gas Wells, 1994. Coauthors:
Cem Sarica, Mustafa Haciislamoglu, and
Rajagopal Raghavan.
An Experimental Study of Two-Phase Slug
Flow in Hilly Terrain Pipelines, 1995.
Coauthors: G.H. Zheng and Ovadia Shoham.
An Experimental Study on Downward
Slug Flow in Inclined Pipes, 1996.
Coauthors: P.M. Roumazeilles, J. Yang,
C. Sarica, X. Chen, and J. Wilson.
A Study of Oil/Water Flow Patterns in
Horizontal Pipes, 1997. Coauthors:
J.L. Trallero and Cem Sarica.
Characterization of Oil–Water Flow
Patterns in Vertical and Deviated Wells,
1997. Coauthors: Jose G. Flores,
X. Tom Chen, and Cem Sarica.
Techniques for Measuring Wax Thickness
During Single and Multiphase Flow, 1997.
Coauthors: X.T. Chen, T. Butler, and M. Volk.
A Study of Slug Characteristics for
Two-Phase Horizontal Flow, 1998.
Coauthors: R. Marcano and C. Sarica.
An Analysis of Weep Holes as a Product-
Detection Device for Underground,
Compensated LPG-Storage Systems, 1998.
Coauthors: Cem Sarica and H.M. Demir.
Effect of Completion Geometry and
Phasing on Single-Phase Liquid Flow
Behavior in Horizontal Wells, 1998.
Coauthors: Hong Yuan and Cem Sarica.
Characterization of Oil-Water Flow
Patterns in Vertical and Deviated
Wells, 1999. Coauthors:
Jose G. Flores, X. Tom Chen, and
Cem Sarica.
Comprehensive Mechanistic
Modeling of Two-Phase Flow in
Deviated Wells, 1999. Coauthors:
A.S. Kaya and C. Sarica.
Effect of Perforation Density on
Single Phase Liquid Flow Behavior in
Horizontal Wells, 1999. Coauthors:
H. Yuan and C. Sarica.
Crude Oil-Natural Gas Two-Phase
Flow Pattern Transition Boundaries
at High Pressure Conditions, 2001.
Coauthors: R. Manabe, H.Q. Zhang,
and E. Delle-Case.
Experimental Study of Low-Liquid-
Loading Gas-Liquid Flow in Near-
Horizontal Pipes, 2001. Coauthors:
Weihong Meng, Xuanzheng T. Chen,
Gene E. Kouba, and Cem Sarica.
Mechanistic Modeling of Two-
Phase Flow in Deviated Wells, 2001.
Coauthors: A.S. Kaya and C. Sarica.
A Mechanistic Heat Transfer Model
for Vertical Two-Phase Flow, 2003.
Coauthors: Ryo Manabe, Qian Wang,
Hong-Quan Zhang, and Cem Sarica.
Improvements in Single-Phase
Paraffin Deposition Modeling, 2003.
Coauthors: O.C. Hernandez, H. Hensley,
C. Sarica,M. Volk, and E. Delle-Case.
Probabilistic/Mechanistic Modeling
of Slug Length Distribution in a
Horizontal Pipeline, 2003. Coauthors:
E.M. Al-safran, C. Sarica, and
H.Q. Zhang.
Unified Model of Heat Transfer in
Gas-Liquid Pipe Flow, 2004. Coauthors:
H.Q. Zhang, Q. Wang, and C. Sarica.
Mechanistic/Probabilistic Modeling
of Slug Initiation in a Lower Elbow
of a Hilly-Terrain Pipeline, 2006.
Coauthors: E.M. Alsafran, C. Sarica,
and H.Q. Zhang.
Unified Model of Heat Transfer in Gas/
Liquid Pipe Flow, 2006. Coauthors:
H.Q. Zhang, Q. Wang, and C. Sarica.
JPT S P E C I A L S E C T I O N
11/16/09 9:46:46 AM
 SPE Papers authored by the J P T L E G E N D S O F P R O D U C T I O N A N D O P E R A T I O N S
McLeod
Harry O. McLeod Jr.
Natural Gas Hydrates at Pressures to
10,000 psia, 1961. Coauthor:
John M. Campbell.
Mechanisms by Which Pentane and
Hexane Adsorb on Silica Gel, 1966.
Coauthor: J.M. Campbell.
The Stimulation Treatment Pressure
Record An Overlooked Formation
Evaluation Tool, 1969. Coauthor:
A.W. Coulter Jr.
The Analysis and Control of Hydraulic
Fracturing Problems, 1981. Coauthors:
M.W. Osborne and Herbert D. Schroeder.
Gravel Packing for High Rate Completions,
1982. Coauthor: Horace R. Crawford.
A Simplified Approach to Design of
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Hightower
47
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