Guidance Note: Heritage Railway Association

Ref No: HGR-A0011
Issue No: 04
Issue Date: February 2015
HERITAGE RAILWAY ASSOCIATION
GUIDANCE NOTE
RISK ASSESSMENT
Purpose
This document describes good practice in relation to its subject to be followed by Heritage Railways,
Tramways and similar bodies to whom this document applies.
Endorsement
This document has been developed with, and is fully endorsed by, Her Majesty’s Railway Inspectorate
(HMRI), a directorate of the Office of Rail Regulation (ORR).
Disclaimer
The Heritage Railway Association has used its best endeavours to ensure that the content of this document
is accurate, complete and suitable for its stated purpose. However it makes no warranties, express or
implied, that compliance with the contents of this document shall be sufficient to ensure safe systems of work
or operation. Accordingly the Heritage Railway Association will not be liable for its content or any
subsequent use to which this document may be put.
Supply
This document is published by the Heritage Railway Association (HRA).
Copies are available electronically via its website www.heritagerailways.com
Issue 04 page 1 of 13 © Heritage Railway Association 2015

The Heritage Railway Association, Limited by Guarantee, is Registered in England and Wales No. 2226245
Registered office: 2 Littlestone Road, New Romney, Kent, TN28 8PL
HGR-A0011-Is04 _______________________________________ Risk Assessment
Users of this Guidance Note should check the HRA website to ensure that they have the latest version.
Table of Contents
1. Introduction ........................................................................................................................................... 3
2. Recommendations ................................................................................................................................ 3
3. Definitions Specific to this Guidance Note ........................................................................................... 3
4. General ................................................................................................................................................. 3
5. Purpose ................................................................................................................................................ 4
6. Approach .............................................................................................................................................. 4
7. Procedure ............................................................................................................................................. 4
8. Risk ranking matrix ............................................................................................................................... 6
9. Record the information ......................................................................................................................... 7
10. References ........................................................................................................................................... 7
Appendix A: ROGS Regulation 19 ............................................................................................................. 8
Appendix B: Guidelines for Assessment .................................................................................................... 9
Appendix C: Two Worked Examples ........................................................................................................ 13

1. Introduction
A. This Guidance has been provided to assist the duty holder of heritage railways, tramways and similar
bodies in meeting the requirements laid down in “The Railways and Other Guided Transport Systems
(Safety) Regulations 2006” S.I.2006/599 (ROGS); in particular Regulation 19 entitled: Risk
Assessment; the full text of that Regulation is given in Appendix A to this document.
B. This guidance can also be used to assist in complying with the requirements of other Regulations that
require Risk Assessment, and in particular the Management of Health and Safety at Work
Regulations, 1999.
C. This document does not cover risk assessments required to be done for the Regulatory Reform (Fire
Safety) Order 2005 or the Fire Safety (Scotland) Regulations 2006.
D. Duty holders will be aware that they have a legal obligation to passengers, contractors, other visitors
and staff under the Health and Safety at Work etc Act, 1974.
E. The term ‘man’ or ‘men’ in this Guidance note should be read as applying equally to men and women
and ‘he’, ‘him’ and ‘his’ should be similarly interpreted.
F. The term ‘staff’ in this Guidance note should be taken to include unpaid volunteer workers as well as
paid staff.
G. The term ‘railway’ should be taken to include heritage tramways and similar bodies where appropriate.
2. Recommendations
A. This guidance note is issued as recommendations to duty holders.
B. Many railways are already operating systems, which, in some cases, are to a higher standard than
those set out in this guidance note. This highlights the fact that it is the responsibility of the duty
holder, having undertaken the necessary risk assessments, to implement controls that are applicable
and necessary relative to the operating conditions on their railway.
C. Where railways decide to take actions that do not conform with these recommendations, following
appropriate risk assessments or for other reasons, it is recommended that those decisions are
reviewed by the senior management body of the organisation and a formal minute is recorded of both
the decision reached and the reasons for reaching it.
3. Definitions Specific to this Guidance Note

A. A hazard is something (e.g. an object, a property of a substance, a phenomenon or an activity) that
can cause adverse effects.
B. A risk is the likelihood that a hazard will actually cause its adverse effects, together with a measure of
the effect. It is a two-part concept and both parts are necessary to make sense of it.
C. The two terms “SFAIRP” (so far as is reasonably practicable) and “ALARP” (as low as reasonably
practicable) mean essentially the same thing and at their core is the concept of “reasonably
practicable”; this involves weighing a risk against the effort, time and money needed to control it.
4. General
A. Risk Assessment is an essential part of all aspects of a railway, it requires duty holders to identify
hazards and put in place the control measures necessary to reduce the risk to an acceptable level.
B. The key issues for the heritage operator are to document for each operation:
1. The risk assessment process applied;
2. Significant findings identified; and
3. The control measures applied for those findings.
C. This information should be incorporated into the railway’s Safety Management System documentation.

Remember:
There is a risk in everything we do. We take a risk crossing a road but we consciously or sub-
consciously carry out an assessment of that risk by looking right and left and making a
decision if an accident will occur and how severe that accident might be. All risk assessment is
about assessing a risk, and making decisions about the risk or putting a control measure in
place to reduce that risk SFAIRP.
5. Purpose
A. The purpose of a risk assessment is:
1. To identify hazardous processes and activities;
2. To identify any activity that is so risky that it should not be undertaken;
3. To identify the adequacy or otherwise of existing controls;
4. To identify any new control measures which are required;
5. To identify training needs;
6. To enable the prioritisation of safety expenditure; and
7. To demonstrate that risks are controlled and to reduce that risk so far as is reasonably
practicable.
6. Approach
A. This guidance includes the assessment of risks to staff and the public (including contractors) and
hazards in:
1. train operations;
2. railway operating systems;
3. equipment used in relation to the operation; and
4. dealing with substances/materials used at work falling into the Control of Substances Harmful to
Health legislation (COSHH).
B. Lists of common hazards are included in Appendix B.
7. Procedure
1) It is recommended that the five step process should be followed:
a) Step 1: Identify the hazards (list them and a suggested method is to break them down into sections
or areas of operation).
b) Step 2: Decide who might be harmed and how.
c) Step 3: Evaluate the risks and decide on precautions (use the risk matrix described later in this
document and then decide upon control measures).
d) Step 4: Record your findings and implement them.
e) Step 5: Review your assessment and update if necessary.
Hazard Identification
2) The first stage is to compile a description of the operations carried out. This should include details of the
nature and scale of operations together with specific information on work activities and any specific
hazards e.g. tunnels, over-bridges etc. It is important that those processes and activities with known
risks are covered. A list should be compiled of other activities undertaken which are not necessarily
associated with a specific work activity such as walking on or near the track.

3) The resulting list of operations should then be populated with all the hazards associated with those
operations. The end result must be a list of hazards.
Who Decides
4) The manager responsible for the area being assessed should be in overall charge of the assessment.
He should not however carry out the assessment on his own. It is recommended that a small team of two
or three people with the relevant knowledge, skills, experience and resources should carry out the
assessments. The manager should sign the assessment and report, detailing the new measures that are
needed to eliminate or reduce the identified risk.
5) If necessary a competent specialist for identifying special risks (such as those from electronic equipment,
noise, fire, asbestos and chemicals etc.) should be added to the team.
6) Prioritise the activities, starting where known accidents have occurred in the past and, in particular,
known ‘near hits’.
Meet and Discuss
7) In making risk assessments, involve staff and safety representatives who possess detailed knowledge of
the processes/tasks that are going to be assessed.
8) In nearly every case the meeting to carry out the assessment should be on site where the activity is
carried out.
List all Activities
9) All activities should be examined even those which may seem trivial as some of these could present a
significant risk.
Assess the risks
10) The object of the assessment is to ensure that there is a safe system of work which effectively controls
risk from the operation under assessment and that this safe system is in use at all times.
11) When assessing a process or task, examine all possible hazards e.g. manual handling, noise,
chemicals, electrical, heat etc.
12) Throughout the assessment the following hierarchy of control measures should be applied to each
activity, task or process:
a) The hazard may be removed or the risks reduced (by eliminating or altering the process).
b) The process might be mechanised (use of lifting devices etc.) or otherwise changed to reduce the
risks.
c) The risk can be minimised, as a last resort, by use of protective clothing or other protective
equipment.
d) The risk has been fully assessed and the safe system of work is effectively applied at all times.
13) If a risk is minimised by a change in procedure, that change should be checked for newly introduced
risks e.g. mechanising a manual handling task may introduce risks from the machine used.
Undertake the risk ranking
14) Use the matrix ranking system described below. Think of every possible risk that could exist but be
realistic! Ignore risks that are deemed to be trivial.
15) If young persons (under the age of eighteen years) or vulnerable adults are likely to undertake the task
being assessed, the assessment must take account of such persons' inexperience, degree of
vulnerability, lack of awareness of risk and immaturity. Where necessary, each risk assessment needs
to be tailored to the individual person involved.

Record the Information
16) All activities should be recorded with the level of risk clearly identified. Include NO RISK/NO ACTION
areas. If any item has to be deferred, record that it has been deferred and place a date for its next
referable 'Action by’ date.
Examine existing Safety Measures
17) These may be current rules and regulations, standing orders, local instructions, manufacturer’s guidance
or instructions (e.g. COSSH sheets provided by manufacturers), existing health & safety rules or the
provision of specialist safety equipment. Ask the question “are they adequate?” If necessary, reference
should be made to relevant good practice.
Decide additional Safety Measures
18) Identify additional measures needed to either eliminate or reduce the risk. Again, consider relevant
standards and good practice to aid identification.
Implement decisions, provide training where necessary
19) Once the control measures have been determined, the duty holder must ensure that they are
implemented. Depending on the degree of the risk these can be programmed on a priority basis - but
they must not be forgotten. Ensure the control measures are implemented and monitored.
Review
20) Monitoring the risk assessment is necessary to ensure that it is still relevant and that the risks are still
adequately controlled. After a period of five years or a change in operation or circumstances or any
incident, the assessment team should re-examine all the activities and decide if:
a) the measures effectively control the risk;
b) the systems prescribed are being used on every occasion;
c) all new activities have been fully assessed and measures implemented; and
d) an incident has revealed un-assessed risks.
Audit
21) The risk assessment process should be subject to periodic audit as part of the duty holder's safety
audits.
8. Risk ranking matrix

A. The following matrix system is one that can assist in ranking risk. By giving a numeric rating for both
the likelihood and the severity/consequence and multiplying the two together you are able to
determine an estimate of the relative severity of particular risks.
B. It is important to note that all risks should be reduced to ALARP. The risk ranking will allow
prioritisation of risks for more detailed investigation. This investigation should review existing control
measures to ensure that they are sufficient and identify what other measures should be utilised to
reduce the frequency or severity of the event.
C. The assessment team should identify and produce an implementation plan for additional safety
measures that are needed to reduce the likelihood or severity of an identified risk.
D. If the score for any activity is 6 or higher, the hazard should be further investigated and steps taken to
reduce the risk ranking index.
E. If the severity consequence is 5 (death) then even if the likelihood is 1, additional thought must be
given to the adequacy of the controls applied.

Severity / Consequence
1. Injury, no time off work
2. Injury, up to 7 days off work
3. Injury, more than 7 days off work
4. Major injury, long term absence
5. Death
Risk Likelihood 1 2 3 4 5
1. Very low probability (once every 20 years) 1 1 2 3 4 5
2. Low probability (once every 5 Years) 2 2 4 6 8 10
3. Moderate probability (once in a year) 3 3 6 9 12 15
4. Strong probability (once in every 2 months) 4 4 8 12 16 20
5. Highly probable (Once in every week) 5 5 10 15 20 25
F. Two worked examples are given in Appendix C
9. Record the information

A. Record the process undertaken, the methods of calculation, any assumptions made, significant
findings, the measures in place and any further measures taken. The full documentation requirements
are given in regulation 19 of ROGS paragraph (4); see Appendix A.
10. References
A. Risk Assessment, a brief guide to controlling risks in the workplace A brief guide is available from the
HSE website: http://www.hse.gov.uk/pubns/indg163.pdf
B. Railway Group Standards, available to download from the website: http://www.rgsonline.co.uk
1. GE/GN8642 -Guidance on Identifying Hazards and Assessing Risk
2. GE/GN8643 -Guidance on Reducing Risk
C. Lifting Operations and Lifting Equipment Regulations 1998 (LOLER). A brief guide is available from
the HSE website: http://www.hse.gov.uk/pubns/indg290.pdf
D. Provision and Use of Work Equipment Regulations 1998 (PUWER). A brief guide is available from the
HSE website: http://www.hse.gov.uk/pubns/indg291.pdf
E. The Food Standards Agency system that helps food business operators look at how they handle food
and introduces procedures to make sure the food produced is safe to eat, HACCP (Hazard Analysis
and Critical Control Point), should be followed in areas that handle food.
______________________________________ end of main document ______________________________________

Appendix A: ROGS Regulation 19
(1) A transport operator shall—
(a) make a suitable and sufficient assessment of the risks to the safety of any persons for the
purpose of identifying the measures he needs to take to ensure safe operation of the transport
system in question insofar as this is affected by his operation; and
(b) implement the measures referred to in sub-paragraph (a).
(2) {Not applicable to Heritage operations}
(3) Any assessment under paragraph (1) shall be reviewed by the transport operator who made it if—
(a) there is a reason to suspect that it is no longer valid; or
(b) there has been a significant change in the matters to which it relates and where as a result of
any such review changes to an assessment are required,
the transport operator concerned shall make them, and implement any changes to the measures
identified pursuant to paragraph (1) as a result of the review.
(4) The transport operator shall record in relation to any assessment or review under this regulation—
(a) the assessment process undertaken, the methods of any calculation used and any assumptions
made; and
(b) the significant findings of the risk assessment including the measures in place and any further
measures the transport operator intends to take to ensure safe operation of the transport system in
relation to his operation.
(5) Every transport operator shall make and give effect to such arrangements as are appropriate, having
regard to the nature of his activities and the extent of the undertaking, for the effective planning,
organisation, control, monitoring and review of the measures identified pursuant to paragraph (1) or (3)
and shall record such arrangements.
________________________________________ end of appendix ________________________________________

Appendix B: Guidelines for Assessment
The risks described below are by no means a complete list but careful analysis should produce most
likely risks and hazards for each task. Hazard identification is the first stage in the risk assessment
process and may be achieved by a variety of techniques including the following:
a) physical inspection of the workplace by management and shop floor personnel;
b) management/employee/volunteer discussions, a formal health and safety committee for example, or
a more informal manager/supervisor/employee/volunteer meeting on site;
c) independent audits/inspections undertaken by third parties, such as insurance surveyors, HMRI
inspectors, risk management consultants, safety consultants etc.;
d) doing operational and design studies into new works;
e) listing the number of in-company and external personnel who are actively engaged in the hazard
identification process; this may raise questions on:
i) who is co-ordinating the hazard identification process on behalf of the organization:
ii) where are the reports resulting from these hazard identification activities ending up; and
iii) who is taking action to assess, control and reduce the risks identified.
Once the hazard identification process has been undertaken, a list of hazards should be produced. The
next stage is to evaluate or assess the impact of the risks associated with these hazards in the
organization in order to develop a prioritisation or risk ranking system. This will then enable control
measures to be introduced through allocating resources to appropriate risk control techniques.
The following examples give suggestions of some, but possibly not all hazards and risks that should
have been evaluated in the risk assessment. It is suggested that once the risk assessment has been
carried out, this list is used as an aid to ascertain that the more obvious hazards and resultant risks have
been discovered.”
Section 1: Train & Tram Operations

1. Operating Crews on Steam Locomotives
The risk of burns and scalds; falling from the footplate and other places. Slippery floors, insecure or
absent doors, noise from escaping steam, risk of moving parts during examination, oiling, and protection
from adjacent train operations/activities and sudden stops.
2. Operating Crews of other forms of Traction
As above, where applicable, but include the dangers of electric shock, stuffiness of cabs, sudden stops
and dangers of on board fires. Noise in engine compartment. Leaking fluids at high or low pressure and
high or low temperature. Cooling systems and also high pressure fuel.
3. On-board Operating Train & Tram Staff
The risk of climbing aboard and leaving the train from ground level, protection from adjacent train
operations/activity when carrying out examinations, emergency repairs, sudden stops, lifting luggage or
other equipment being carried on the train, stowage of pushchairs & buggies, dealing with difficult or
unruly passengers, carrying out emergency procedures.
4. On-Board Non-Operating Train & Tram Staff
Mainly as above but additionally from duties involving cleaning and clearing up (particularly glassware).
The dangers of unqualified staff joining and leaving the train whilst in motion (or about to be in motion).
5. All Personnel Working on Locomotives and Rolling Stock liable to movement
The risk of accidental or deliberate movement of vehicles whether being worked upon or those adjacent
that could come into contact with the vehicle being worked on. The risk of escaping steam or heat, or
machinery otherwise being started or made ‘live', the risk of other activities such as falling objects etc.
6. All Personnel Working on Locomotives, Rolling Stock and Other Equipment in a Works
Environment
As above, but additionally risks associated with the use of machinery and other activities not necessarily
associated with the work in hand.

7. Personnel working in Signal Boxes
The risks such as manual handling - heavy / stiff levers, risk of wire snap. Risk in delivering token.
8. Personnel working Manual Level Crossings
Risk from handling heavy gates. Risks from road traffic. Risk from the elements.
9. Personnel acting as Shunters and other Train Movement Operations
The risks of coupling and uncoupling vehicles, the risks of not keeping contact with motive power crews,
the risks of stored equipment, rubbish in walking areas, the risks of handling heavy equipment (buckeye
couplings etc.), the risks from inclement weather conditions.
10. Personnel Working on the Permanent Way and Structures
The risks of manual handling of materials, use of tools and other equipment, risk of electric shock from
power tools, the risk from train operations and non-train movement activities. The risks of working from
heights and the use of lifting equipment. The need for site specific site assessments by people
undertaking work on the PW and infrastructure (rabbit holes, snakes, access up and down
cutting/embankment sides, overhead/underground cables and power lines.
11. Personnel Working in and about Workshops
The risk associated with a works environment where personnel need to be but are not generally familiar
with the process/activity. The risks of slippery floors, use of chemicals, tools and electrical systems.
12. Personnel Working on and with Electrical Systems
The additional risks of electric shock and the protection systems to ensure systems are not accidentally
or deliberately made ‘live’.
13. Personnel Working on and with Signal & Telegraph Systems
As above but the risks from activities that could affect other personnel (possibility of right and wrong side
failures) during the work.
14. Personnel Working in Offices, Shops and other enclosed areas
The risks of fire and blocked egress points, the risks of using fire fighting equipment, the risks from
incorrectly stored materials, the risks from electric shock, incorrect opening doors, slippery surfaces and
stairs etc. The risks from manual handling (heavy parcels etc.), the risks from display screens and other
electronic equipment.
In relation to what are now considered lower risk environments such as shops and offices the HSE
introduced some self-assessment tools to try and simplify risk assessment in these areas and stop
people getting 'over exited'. They are available on the Risk page of their website.
(http://www.hse.gov.uk/risk/index.htm).
15. Personnel Working in Kitchens
The risks from hot surfaces, use of gas, electricity and hot water systems, the risks from catering
equipment (sharp knives etc.), the risks to others from lack of hygiene and proper food preparation.
16. Personnel Working in Buffets and Restaurants
In addition to the preceding item, include manual handling of catering equipment, slippery floors,
breakages of glassware and pottery.
17. Contractors Working on any of the above for and on behalf of the Railway
Documented safe systems of work must be agreed. The risks of unauthorised work or work in
unauthorised area or with unauthorised equipment that could affect other personnel or train operations.
18. Other staff carrying out other duties who may not have been specifically trained in all areas
where they are likely to be present
The risks to staff who have a need to be present in risk areas but have not been specifically trained
needs to be evaluated with notices, signs and regulations covering their presence.
19. Extremes of Weather
The risks to staff of excessive heat, cold, rain etc. Heat extremes on steam locomotives need particular
care.

20. Members of the Public being present on any part of the Railway
The risks of the public straying into non public areas, the risks of being struck by trains, or falling from
and in between trains and platforms or being struck by opening doors whilst a train is in motion. The
dangers of sudden noise (escaping steam etc.) or coming into contact with equipment in operational use;
including the risks caused by overcrowding during special events, trips and falls on platforms and stairs
and from leaning out of windows, tripping over pushchairs & buggies, overcrowding of stations .
Section 2: Railway Systems

1. The Preparation of Trains & Trams
The risks in preparing trains, lighting up steam locomotives, starting diesels and other traction, cleaning,
providing supplies (coal, water, diesel fuel, lubricants etc.). The need to protect and provide safe means
of access, use of chemicals, tools and the provision of protective clothing and usage thereof etc.
2. The Marshalling and Shunting of Trains & Trams
The risks of injury from moving vehicles, and slight movements such as 'easing up’, the risks from
shunting (as described in Section1 item1 & 2 above) the risks of damage to equipment and injuries to
personnel by poor systems or poor planning of operations.
3. The Train & Tram Operation Systems
The risks from collisions, derailments etc. caused by failures to signalling systems, methods of working,
incorrect equipment, poor permanent way or structures.
4. The Stations, Track Systems and Protection
The risks associated with the systems of operation, the permanent way and structures, the need for
regular patrolling, examinations, maintenance and repairs. The risks from failures to provide adequate
protection for personnel and trains (speed restrictions, notices and warning systems).
5. The Signalling, Control and Communication systems
The need to examine the risks associated with the signalling and control systems, the effect of right and
wrong side failures, the risks of the introduction of temporary or emergency systems. The question of
adequate communication should be examined and the risks associated with poor communications.
6. The Structures of the Railway
The need to examine in detail all structures, the risks from the affect of works programmes and the risks
from outside sources (bridge bashing, vehicles falling on the line etc). The risks from inclement weather,
subsidence etc. on embankments, cuttings and permanent way etc.
7. Accident Recovery
The risks from operations of accident recovery in an emergency situation which may not have been able
to have been specifically rehearsed. The risks associated with working with emergency services that
may have not been pre-planned and who may not be conversant with railway procedures.
8. Acts of Vandalism/Terrorism
The risks from all acts of vandalism and terrorism that could affect personnel, the public and train & tram
operations. The need to have systems in place to ensure this risk is minimised.
Section 3: Equipment Used on the Railway

1. Locomotives, Rolling Stock etc.
The risks from inadequate maintenance or absent examinations of all items of rolling stock in use and all
its associated equipment.
2. Cranes and Lifting Equipment
The risks from inadequate maintenance or absent examinations of cranes and lifting equipment including
stands and other means of supporting equipment. The risks associated with working whilst lifting and
with stabled items of equipment.

3. Workshop Equipment
The risks from using machinery and the risks from failures to use adequate guards on machines. The
risks from unauthorised personnel using machinery.
4. Kitchen Equipment
The risks from the use of inadequate or poorly designed kitchen equipment and the risks from
inadequate or absent means of inspection and management and use.
5. Office Equipment
The risks associated with inadequate or poorly designed office equipment and furniture.
6. Lone Workers
The specific risks of lone-working need to be considered for those who do this regularly and those that
might be left in this position at the end of the day.
7. Height
The risks associated with all work at height, including use of scaffolds, ladders etc.
8. Confined Spaces
The risks of all work in confined spaces. The need to have a clear and practised escape / rescue plan.
Section 4: Construction work

Construction work may need assessment for the risk that it has in itself and also to on-going operations,
and that there may be risk assessment duties arising from the CDM regulations in these cases.
________________________________________ end of appendix ________________________________________

Appendix C: Two Worked Examples
These examples show how the procedure described can be applied to assess and control risks that may
be found during the operation of a typical railway.
1. Hazard - Derailment of train due to track defect

a) Assign risk likelihood using historical records of operation and knowledge of the particular operation
– consider very low probability score = 1.
b) Assign severity/consequence factor score = 5 (derailment could result in fatality)
c) Multiply the risk likelihood and severity consequence scores, 1 x 5 = 5.
d) If the score is >6, the hazard should be further investigated including addressing items such as:
i) are relevant standards complied with ?
ii) is relevant good practice followed for examination and maintenance of track?
iii) do track maintenance personnel have the correct resources, skills, knowledge and experience to
carry out their tasks correctly?
If the answer to all questions is yes then record the standards and good practice necessary to maintain
standards together with details of necessary training etc. and review risk assessment if there are
changes or after 12 – 14 months
If the answer is no then consider what else needs to be done: e.g. increase frequency of inspections to
meet required standard; improve training of track maintenance gangs etc; and implement the necessary
improvements.
2. Hazard – tripping and falling down steps in poorly lit area of workshop which is
now regularly used during winter evenings
a) assign risk likelihood - score = 3 (perceived risk as steps previously only used in daylight)
b) assign severity/consequence factor - score = 3 (risk of fall leading to broken arm and or leg)
c) multiply scores 3 x 3 = 9
d) Score is >6 so the hazard should be further investigated as lighting is inadequate
e) No light was provided previously so provide motion activated light
i) likelihood score = 1 (with good light, fall due to poor illumination most unlikely)
ii) severity/consequence score = 3 (potential injury not altered)
iii) multiply scores 3 x1=3
iv) Score is now < 6, record assessment and review periodically
_______________________________________ end of appendices _______________________________________


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HERITAGE RAILWAY ASSOCIATION

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3. Definitions Specific to this Guidance Note

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8. Risk ranking matrix

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4. Strong probability (once in every 2 months) 4 4 8 12 16 20

5. Highly probable (Once in every week) 5 5 10 15 20 25

F. Two worked examples are given in Appendix C

9. Record the information

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Section 1: Train & Tram Operations

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Section 2: Railway Systems

Section 3: Equipment Used on the Railway

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Section 4: Construction work

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1. Hazard - Derailment of train due to track defect

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