CHAPTER 1

THE PROBLEM

Introduction

The youth plays a vital role in nation building and is fervently believed that

there is great power among young people and that they can change the world.

Promoting and protecting the welfare and development of the young people in

terms of their physical, moral, spiritual, intellectual, social and their total well-

being are among our government’s purpose and mandate.

The Local Youth and Development Office (LYDO) is anchored under the

Municipal Social Welfare and Development Office (MSWDO) of the Local

Government Unit (LGU) of Tagoloan. It is led by a Youth Development Officer

(YDO) and it caters the young populace of 15-30 years old – Male, Female,

Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender community. It has two (2) existing

youth federated organizations representing the two most common youth sectors

in government: In-School-Youth (ISY) and the Out-of-School Youth (OSY) among

the ten (10) barangays of the municipality.

In 2013, the creation of the Task Force on Youth Development (TFYD) was

mandated under the Philippine Republic Act No. 10632 when the SK elections

were postponed, and positions were left vacant due to the provision of the law

for no hold-over and appointment. It was then the alternate venue for youth

participation in governance and they are authorized to utilize the SK Funds

which is ten (10) percent of the Barangay Fund they represent. The TFYD was
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federated in 2015 with 10 federation officers and 80 members, most of them are

ISY and they belong to 18-24 years old clientele group.

PYAP (Pag Asa Youth Association of the Philippines), Inc. on the other hand

is a duly constituted barangay-based organization of the out-of-school-youth

between 15-24 years old who are clientele of the Department of Social Welfare

and Development (DSWD). The PYAP was first incorporated on July 29, 1974

with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) under the name of Pag-Asa

Youth Movement Inc. and it was then the partner organization of DSWD.

Tagoloan PYAP municipal federation has ten (10) organized groups and it was

reorganized in 2016 under the present administration.

The organizational structure of the MSWDO that is comprised of six (6)

major programs. Children’s Welfare, Youth Development, Women’s Welfare,

Family and Livelihood, Person’s with Disability and the Senior Citizens Affairs

program. Among these programs, the Youth Development program is being

emphasized in Figure 1 since TFYD and PYAP municipal federations are the

actual participants of this study.

MSWDO

YDO

10 TFYD 10 PYAP

Figure 1. Organizational chart of the MSWD office

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The Youth Development Office is a provider of information-education and

services for the young people (15-24), strongly advocates preventive measures as

a response to issues relating to adolescents and youth. It is managed by youth-

friendly and competent workers trained to listen, understand and respond to

their needs. It involves outreach programs and community organizing activities

to build pillars in harnessing their potentials to become self-fulfilled,

economically self-reliant, responsible members of the family and community

Being in the forefront to meet the challenges of time implies that every LGU

must have a capable and competent, as well as efficient and effective, youth

leaders. This study is conducted purposely for the YDO’s to not only lead the

youth organizations toward the realization of its objectives but also to know the

existing issues that affects every youth leader in delivering programs, projects

and activities voluntarily to their respective organization and barangay.

Conceptual Framework

This study is anchored on the concept of knowing how the Youth

Development Office can help and formulate better plan of actions in achieving

its vision and mission for the young people of Tagoloan, Misamis Oriental based

on the two (2) existing federated youth organizations being facilitated.

The purpose of organizing youth leaders is to create a breed of leaders who

are competent enough to Lead, Dare and Move. The main objective is to develop
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each leader’s full potential to purposely become a public service driven

individual. However, this can only be achieved if all around him are receptive to

all his needs, able to discover his strengths and weaknesses, abilities,

capabilities and if his plans, programs, and projects for the young people are well

supported by his mentors and fellows during his reign as a youth leader.

Figure 2 shows the conceptual framework of the study. The independent

variables presented in the study are related to one another. It shows the profile

of the participants and the factors that affect their active involvement such as:

Age, Gender, Educational Attainment and being either an ISY or OSY, the

number of years they served as a leader in the organization, how they manage

their peers and relate with their mentors, how they respond to trainings and

adopt change, and the availability of an organization to have a youth friendly

environment to encourage youth participation.

The dependent variables are the evaluation tools administered by the

Department of Interior and Local Government-Municipal Local Government

Operations Officer (DILG_MLGOO). This tool is known as the Sangguniang

Kabataan Performance Monitoring System (SK-PMS) which was uniquely

designed to assess the youth organization’s performance as to activities

conducted, active participation of its members and their SK Fund utilization. The

attendance and minutes of monthly meeting filed by the YDO and the

recognitions and awards received by the organization and its members are also

used as the secondary sources.

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Schematic diagram

Independent Variables Dependent Variables

Profile of the ISY and OSY A. Factors that affect active

participants in terms of: involvement of the ISY and
a) Age OSY such as:
b) Gender 1. Peer-Peer relationship
c) Educational Attainment 2. Peer-Mentor relationship
d) Name of Organization
e) Length of Service B. Evaluation Tools:
f) Trainings attended Involvement of Youth
Leader's according to:
g) Office Space
1. SK-PMS
2. Attendance during
federation meetings
3. Recognition & Awards

Figure 2: Conceptual Framework of the Study

Profile of the participants and the identified factors that affect active

involvement which are presented as independent variables are placed in the

same column with arrows pointing the dependent variables means that these

two factors affect the performance or active participation of the youth leaders.

Aside from the basic factors and influences a youth leader and mentor

possess, peer-peer and peer-mentor relationship are also important aspects in

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achieving a harmonious relationship with and among the youth leaders

themselves. Relevant trainings and seminars for the youth leaders will empower

them to become more responsible leaders and so with the mentors, they too need

to be updated with the current trends and acquire more skills in facilitating the

young people. Youth-friendly office space is equally important to have a venue

for the leader and mentor to discuss confidential issues concerning their

leadership and organization.

Statement of the Problem

This study aims to asses and compare the active involvement between the

ISY and OSY leaders in the municipality of Tagoloan, Misamis Oriental.

Specifically, this study sought to answer the following questions:

1. What is the profile of the In-School and Out-of-School youth leaders

considering the following:

1.1 Age

1.2 Gender

1.3 Educational Attainment

1.4 Name of organization

1.5 Office Space

1.6 Length of service as a youth leader

1.7 Trainings attended

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2. How do Leadership, Communication and Participation affect the

involvement of the ISY and OSY youth leaders in terms of:

2.1 Peer-Peer relationship

2.2 Peer-Mentor relationship

3. How do the In-School and Out-of-School youth leaders involve in the

activities of the barangay and municipality according to the

Sangguniang Kabataan-Performance Monitoring System (SK-PMS):

3.1 Operational Performance (Activities Conducted, Trainings Attended)

3.2 Fund Utilization (SK 10% Fund)

3.3 Organizational (Active members)

3.4 Attendance (Federation Monthly meetings)

Significance of the Study

The study is conducted to assess the active involvement and performance

of the TFYD and PYAP federation officers in the municipality of Tagoloan,

Misamis Oriental.

Local Youth Development Workers. The findings of this study may give

the LYDO’s an insight on how to improve their mentoring and facilitating skills

and to identify related factors and attributes that affect the performance of the

youth leaders in the field.

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Barangay officials. As strong pillars in the youth development program,

they will be guided in providing technical support to the young leaders as to

planning and implementation of youth programs and projects under the

prescribe mandate of RA 10742 or the SK Reform Act of 2015.

Youth leaders. As the prime recipient of the youth programs of

government, this research will motivate them to become more active agents of

change, responsible individuals and have a healthy working relationship with

their mentors and peers.

Finally, the study may serve as a benchmark for in-depth studies on youth

leaders’ performance in rendering public service to the young people in Tagoloan,

Misamis Oriental.

Scope and Limitation of the Study

The study focused on assessing who among the In-School and Out-of-

School youth are performing actively in Tagoloan, Misamis Oriental. It comprises

the ten (10) TFYD organizations and ten (10) PYAP organizations in the ten (10)

barangays of Tagoloan, Misamis Oriental, namely: Rosario, Santa Ana, Mohon,

Sta. Cruz, Poblacion, Baluarte, Gracia, Sugbongcogon, Natumolan and

Casinglot.
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This study is limited to youth leaders of TFYD and PYAP who served the

barangay / municipality for at least one (1) year.

Definition of Terms

The following terms are operationally defined to better understand the

terms used in the study:

In-School-Youth. This refers to the majority officers and members of the

Task Force on Youth Development in Tagoloan, Misamis Oriental who are

currently enrolled in an institution/school.

Operational. This refers to the programs, projects and activities

conducted as per Sanggunaing Kabataan (SK) 10% fund utilization identified in

the SK Performance Monitoring System.

Organizational. This refers to the active involvement of the officers or

members as per barangay resolution for TFYD and Group Roster Form for PYAP.

Out-of-School-Youth. This refers to the majority officers and members of

the Pag-Asa Youth Association in Tagoloan, Misamis Oriental who are currently
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out of school, idle, not gainfully employed and was not able to complete college

education.

Peer. This refers to a person who belongs to the same social group as

another person or group. The social group may be based on age, sex, sexual

orientation, occupation, socio-economic or health status, and other factors. (Y-

Peer Pilipinas)

Mentor. This refers to a person who can can help a person improve his/her

abilities and skills through observation, assessment, modeling and by providing

guidance. Extension has a rich history of mentoring through its relationship with

volunteers and community partners. (www.joe.org)

Peer-Mentor relationship. This refers to the kind of relationship a youth

leader possesses with the youth development officer and workers, barangay

officials, and other mentor of either TFYD or PYAP.

Peer-Peer relationship. This refers to the kind of rapport each member

of the organization possesses among themselves, be it either TFYD, PYAP or both.